right to fair warning (Connecticut) · Go Syfert
← Connecticut issues

right to fair warning in Connecticut

46 Connecticut opinions name it 3 courts 1988–2026 7 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Connecticut courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (4)

CaseFollowedCited
State v. Burtongreen
conn · 2001 · cited in 7 Connecticut opinions naming this issue, 2002–2009
2 sentences

2008See State v. Burton, 258 Conn. 153, 158, 778 A.2d 955 (2001). “[T]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute . . . and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement. ...

2008See State v. Burton, 258 Conn. 153, 158, 778 A.2d 955 (2001). “[T]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute . . . and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement. ...

17
State v. Indrisanogreen
conn · 1994 · cited in 2 Connecticut opinions naming this issue, 2001–2012
2 sentences

2012We therefore analyze the claim as one of unconstitutional facial vagueness and reject his contention in reliance on our Supreme Court’s decision in State v. Indrisano, 228 Conn. 795, 801, 804 , 640 A.2d 986 (1994), in which the court determined in examining a similar claim made *180 in relation to a similar statute that the language of the statute was not facially vague. “[A] penal statute [must] define [a] criminal offense with sufficient definiteness that ordinary people can understand what conduct is prohibited and in a manner that does not encourage arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement

2012We therefore analyze the claim as one of unconstitutional facial vagueness and reject his contention in reliance on our Supreme Court’s decision in State v. Indrisano, 228 Conn. 795, 801, 804 , 640 A.2d 986 (1994), in which the court determined in examining a similar claim made *180 in relation to a similar statute that the language of the statute was not facially vague. “[A] penal statute [must] define [a] criminal offense with sufficient definiteness that ordinary people can understand what conduct is prohibited and in a manner that does not encourage arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement

12
Parham v. Warden, Bridgeport Community Correctional Centergreen
conn · 1976 · cited in 1 Connecticut opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
2 sentences

2006If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute will not be void for vagueness since [mjany statutes will have some inherent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties.” (Citations omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Burton, 258 Conn. 153, 158-59 , 778 A.2d 955 (2001). 11 We are also mindful of the petitioner’s status as a parolee. 12 “We begin with the proposition that the revocation of parole is not part of a criminal prosecution and thus the full panoply of rights due a defendant in such a proceeding does not apply to parole

2006If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute will not be void for vagueness since [mjany statutes will have some inherent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties.” (Citations omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Burton, 258 Conn. 153, 158-59 , 778 A.2d 955 (2001). 11 We are also mindful of the petitioner’s status as a parolee. 12 “We begin with the proposition that the revocation of parole is not part of a criminal prosecution and thus the full panoply of rights due a defendant in such a proceeding does not apply to parole

11
Ferreira v. Pringlegreen
conn · 2001 · cited in 1 Connecticut opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Connecticut. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (34)

CaseCitedYears
Smith v. Goguen green
scotus · 1974
2 sentences

2003Smith v. Goguen, 415 U.S. 566, 572-73 , 94 S. Ct. 1242 , 39 L.

2003Smith v. Goguen, 415 U.S. 566, 572-73 , 94 S. Ct. 1242 , 39 L.

71988–2003
State v. Schriver green
conn · 1988
2 sentences

2001Ed. 2d 903 (1983); State v. Wilchinski, supra, 242 Conn. 219 ; State v. DeFrancesco, 235 Conn. 426, 443 , 668 A.2d 348 (1995); State v. Indrisano, 228 Conn. 795, 802 , 640 A.2d 986 (1994). “[The doctrine] embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute or regulation and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement.” State v. Schriver, 207 Conn. 456, 459-60 , 542 A.2d 686 (1988).

2001Ed. 2d 903 (1983); State v. Wilchinski, supra, 242 Conn. 219 ; State v. DeFrancesco, 235 Conn. 426, 443 , 668 A.2d 348 (1995); State v. Indrisano, 228 Conn. 795, 802 , 640 A.2d 986 (1994). “[The doctrine] embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute or regulation and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement.” State v. Schriver, 207 Conn. 456, 459-60 , 542 A.2d 686 (1988).

71994–2001
State v. Payne green
conn · 1997
2 sentences

2001To demonstrate that § 13a-149 is unconstitutionally vague as applied to him, the plaintiff therefore “must . . . demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that [he] had inadequate notice of what was prohibited or that [he was] the victim of arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Sweetman v. State Elections Enforcement Commission, supra, 322. “[T]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute . . . and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement.” (Internal quotation marks om

2001To demonstrate that § 13a-149 is unconstitutionally vague as applied to him, the plaintiff therefore “must . . . demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that [he] had inadequate notice of what was prohibited or that [he was] the victim of arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Sweetman v. State Elections Enforcement Commission, supra, 322. “[T]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute . . . and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement.” (Internal quotation marks om

41997–2001
State v. Winot green
conn · 2010
2 sentences

2022If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute will not be void for vagueness [because] [m]any statutes will have some inherent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties.’’ (Citation omitted; internal quota- tion marks omitted.) State v. Winot, 294 Conn. 753 , 758–59, 988 A.2d 188 (2010). ‘‘The United States Supreme Court has set forth stan- dards for evaluating vagueness.

2022If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute will not be void for vagueness [because] [m]any statutes will have some inherent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties.’’ (Citation omitted; internal quota- tion marks omitted.) State v. Winot, 294 Conn. 753 , 758–59, 988 A.2d 188 (2010). ‘‘The United States Supreme Court has set forth stan- dards for evaluating vagueness.

22014–2022
State v. LEGRAND neutral
connappct · 2011
2 sentences

2022In Kiyak, Lagnese and Wanzer, the plaintiffs’ claims failed on the merits. 4 See State v. Legrand, 129 Conn. App. 239 , 269–70, 20 A.3d 52 (‘‘[W]e are mindful that [a] statute is not void for vagueness unless it clearly and unequivocally is unconstitutional, making every presumption in favor of its validity. . . . [T]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central pre- cepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute . . . and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement. . . .

2022In Kiyak, Lagnese and Wanzer, the plaintiffs’ claims failed on the merits. 4 See State v. Legrand, 129 Conn. App. 239 , 269–70, 20 A.3d 52 (‘‘[W]e are mindful that [a] statute is not void for vagueness unless it clearly and unequivocally is unconstitutional, making every presumption in favor of its validity. . . . [T]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central pre- cepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute . . . and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement. . . .

22021–2022
State v. Langley green
conn · 2011
2 sentences

2022If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute will not be void for vagueness . . . .’’ (Internal quotation marks omitted.)), cert. denied, 302 Conn. 912 , 27 A.3d 371 (2011). 5 The plaintiff neither cited nor analyzed the Mathews factors in his brief to the Superior Court.

2021If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute will not be void for vagueness since [m]any statutes will have some inher- ent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties.’’ (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Legrand, 129 Conn. App. 239 , 269–70, 20 A.3d 52 , cert. denied, 302 Conn. 912 , 27 A.3d 371 (2011).

22021–2022
State v. Knybel green
conn · 2007
2 sentences

2015State v. Knybel, 281 Conn. 707, 713 , 916 A.2d 816 (2007). ‘‘[A] penal statute [must] define [a] criminal offense with sufficient definiteness that ordinary people can understand what conduct is prohib- ited and in a manner that does not encourage arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement. . . . [This concept] embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute or regulation and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement. . . . [T]he [most] important aspect of the vagueness doctrine is not actual notice . . . but . . . the require- ment that a l

2015State v. Knybel, 281 Conn. 707, 713 , 916 A.2d 816 (2007). ‘‘[A] penal statute [must] define [a] criminal offense with sufficient definiteness that ordinary people can understand what conduct is prohib- ited and in a manner that does not encourage arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement. . . . [This concept] embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute or regulation and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement. . . . [T]he [most] important aspect of the vagueness doctrine is not actual notice . . . but . . . the require- ment that a l

22012–2015
State v. Ares neutral
conn · 2022
1 sentence

2026If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute will not be State v. Dore void for vagueness since [m]any statutes will have some inherent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Ares, 345 Conn. 290 , 303–304, 284 A.3d 967 (2022).

12026–2026
Middletown v. Wagner neutral
connappct · 2024
1 sentence

2025Laws must give a person of ordinary intelligence a reasonable opportunity to know what is prohibited so that he may act accord- ingly.’’ (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Middletown v. Wagner, 228 Conn. App. 265, 281 , 325 A.3d 253 (2024). ‘‘If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained [it] will not be void for vagueness since [m]any statutes will have some inherent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties. . . .

12025–2025
State v. Lori T. green
conn · 2022
1 sentence

2023If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute will not be void for vagueness [because] [m]any statutes will have some inherent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties.’’ (Internal quota- tion marks omitted.) State v. Lori T., 345 Conn. 44, 54 , 282 A.3d 1233 (2022).

12023–2023
State v. Jones green
conn · 1990
2 sentences

2021Gregan v. Koczur, 287 Conn. 145, 156 , 947 A.2d 282 (2008) (‘‘[t]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute . . . and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement’’ (internal quota- tion marks omitted)). ‘‘For statutes that do not implicate the especially sensitive concerns embodied in the first amendment, we determine the constitutionality of a statute under attack for vagueness by considering its applicability to the particular facts at issue.’’ (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Jones, 215 Conn

2021Gregan v. Koczur, 287 Conn. 145, 156 , 947 A.2d 282 (2008) (‘‘[t]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute . . . and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement’’ (internal quota- tion marks omitted)). ‘‘For statutes that do not implicate the especially sensitive concerns embodied in the first amendment, we determine the constitutionality of a statute under attack for vagueness by considering its applicability to the particular facts at issue.’’ (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Jones, 215 Conn

12021–2021
State Ex Rel. Gregan v. Koczur green
conn · 2008
2 sentences

2021Gregan v. Koczur, 287 Conn. 145, 156 , 947 A.2d 282 (2008) (‘‘[t]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute . . . and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement’’ (internal quota- tion marks omitted)). ‘‘For statutes that do not implicate the especially sensitive concerns embodied in the first amendment, we determine the constitutionality of a statute under attack for vagueness by considering its applicability to the particular facts at issue.’’ (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Jones, 215 Conn

2021Gregan v. Koczur, 287 Conn. 145, 156 , 947 A.2d 282 (2008) (‘‘[t]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute . . . and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement’’ (internal quota- tion marks omitted)). ‘‘For statutes that do not implicate the especially sensitive concerns embodied in the first amendment, we determine the constitutionality of a statute under attack for vagueness by considering its applicability to the particular facts at issue.’’ (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Jones, 215 Conn

12021–2021
Bottone v. Town of Westport green
conn · 1989
2 sentences

2015To prove that a statute is unconstitutionally vague, the challenging party must establish that an ordinary person is not able to know what conduct is permitted and prohibited under the statute.’’ (Citations omitted.) Bot- tone v. Westport, 209 Conn. 652 , 657–58, 553 A.2d 576 (1989). ‘‘To demonstrate that [a statute] is unconstitutionally vague as applied to [him], the [plaintiff] therefore must . . . demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that [he] had inadequate notice of what was prohibited or that [he was] the victim of arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement. . . . [T]he void for vaguenes

2015To prove that a statute is unconstitutionally vague, the challenging party must establish that an ordinary person is not able to know what conduct is permitted and prohibited under the statute.’’ (Citations omitted.) Bot- tone v. Westport, 209 Conn. 652 , 657–58, 553 A.2d 576 (1989). ‘‘To demonstrate that [a statute] is unconstitutionally vague as applied to [him], the [plaintiff] therefore must . . . demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that [he] had inadequate notice of what was prohibited or that [he was] the victim of arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement. . . . [T]he void for vaguenes

12015–2015
Hoffman Estates v. Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc. green
scotus · 1982
2 sentences

2012To demonstrate that [a statute] is unconstitutionally vague as applied to him, the [defendant] therefore must . . . demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that [he] had inadequate *524 notice of what was prohibited or that [he was] .the victim of arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement. . . . [T]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute . . . and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Rocque v. Farricielli, 269 Conn. 187, 204 , 848 A.2d 1206 (2004). “[A] scienter

2012To demonstrate that [a statute] is unconstitutionally vague as applied to him, the [defendant] therefore must . . . demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that [he] had inadequate *524 notice of what was prohibited or that [he was] .the victim of arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement. . . . [T]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute . . . and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Rocque v. Farricielli, 269 Conn. 187, 204 , 848 A.2d 1206 (2004). “[A] scienter

12012–2012
Rocque v. Farricielli green
conn · 2004
2 sentences

2012To demonstrate that [a statute] is unconstitutionally vague as applied to him, the [defendant] therefore must . . . demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that [he] had inadequate *524 notice of what was prohibited or that [he was] .the victim of arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement. . . . [T]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute . . . and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Rocque v. Farricielli, 269 Conn. 187, 204 , 848 A.2d 1206 (2004). “[A] scienter

2012To demonstrate that [a statute] is unconstitutionally vague as applied to him, the [defendant] therefore must . . . demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that [he] had inadequate *524 notice of what was prohibited or that [he was] .the victim of arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement. . . . [T]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute . . . and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Rocque v. Farricielli, 269 Conn. 187, 204 , 848 A.2d 1206 (2004). “[A] scienter

12012–2012
Dow v. CITY CARTING COMPANY, INC. green
conn · 2009
1 sentence

2012If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute wall not be void for vagueness since [m]any statutes will have some inherent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Stuart, 113 Conn. App. 541, 560-61 , 967 A.2d 532 , cert. denied, 293 Conn. 922 , 980 A.2d 914 (2009).

12012–2012
State v. Stuart green
connappct · 2009
2 sentences

2012If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute wall not be void for vagueness since [m]any statutes will have some inherent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Stuart, 113 Conn. App. 541, 560-61 , 967 A.2d 532 , cert. denied, 293 Conn. 922 , 980 A.2d 914 (2009).

2012If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute wall not be void for vagueness since [m]any statutes will have some inherent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Stuart, 113 Conn. App. 541, 560-61 , 967 A.2d 532 , cert. denied, 293 Conn. 922 , 980 A.2d 914 (2009).

12012–2012
ERIC S. v. Commissioner of Correction green
conn · 2009
1 sentence

2012If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute wall not be void for vagueness since [m]any statutes will have some inherent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Stuart, 113 Conn. App. 541, 560-61 , 967 A.2d 532 , cert. denied, 293 Conn. 922 , 980 A.2d 914 (2009).

12012–2012
Jones v. Leidinger green
scotus · 1982
1 sentence

2012Ed. 2d 362 , reh. denied, 456 U.S. 950 , 102 S. Ct. 2023 , 72 L.

12012–2012
Village of Hoffman Estates v. Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc. green
scotus · 1982
1 sentence

2012Ed. 2d 362 , reh. denied, 456 U.S. 950 , 102 S. Ct. 2023 , 72 L.

12012–2012
Ribotsky v. United States green
scotus · 1982
1 sentence

2012Ed. 2d 362 , reh. denied, 456 U.S. 950 , 102 S. Ct. 2023 , 72 L.

12012–2012
United States v. Lanier green
scotus · 1997
2 sentences

2010First, the vagueness doctrine bars enforcement of `a statute which either forbids or requires the doing of an act in terms so vague that men of common intelligence must necessarily guess at its meaning and differ as to its application.'" United States v. Lanier, 520 U.S. 259, 266 , 117 S.Ct. 1219 , 137 L.Ed.2d 432 (1997). "[T]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute ... and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement....

2010First, the vagueness doctrine bars enforcement of `a statute which either forbids or requires the doing of an act in terms so vague that men of common intelligence must necessarily guess at its meaning and differ as to its application.'" United States v. Lanier, 520 U.S. 259, 266 , 117 S.Ct. 1219 , 137 L.Ed.2d 432 (1997). "[T]he void for vagueness doctrine embodies two central precepts: the right to fair warning of the effect of a governing statute ... and the guarantee against standardless law enforcement....

12010–2010
Rogers v. Tennessee green
scotus · 2001
1 sentence

2010For that reason ... [i]f a judicial construction of a criminal statute is unexpected and indefensible by reference to the law which had been expressed prior to the conduct in issue, [the construction] must not be given retroactive effect." [73] (Citations *71 omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) Rogers v. Tennessee, supra, at 457 , 121 S.Ct. 1693 .

12010–2010
State v. Scruggs green
conn · 2006
2 sentences

2008If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute will not be void for vagueness since [m]any statutes will have some inherent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties.” (Citation omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Scruggs, 279 Conn. 698, 709-10 , 905 A.2d 24 (2006).

2008If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute will not be void for vagueness since [m]any statutes will have some inherent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties.” (Citation omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Scruggs, 279 Conn. 698, 709-10 , 905 A.2d 24 (2006).

12008–2008
State v. Hamlin green
conn · 2005
2 sentences

2007In fact, aside from citing State v. Hamlin, 90 Conn. App. 445 , 878 A.2d 374 , cert. denied, 276 Conn. 914 , 888 A.2d 86 (2005), for the void for vagueness doctrine, the defendant cites no relevant facts and provides no legal analysis in support of his vagueness challenge.

2007In fact, aside from citing State v. Hamlin, 90 Conn. App. 445 , 878 A.2d 374 , cert. denied, 276 Conn. 914 , 888 A.2d 86 (2005), for the void for vagueness doctrine, the defendant cites no relevant facts and provides no legal analysis in support of his vagueness challenge.

12007–2007
State v. Hamlin green
connappct · 2005
2 sentences

2007In fact, aside from citing State v. Hamlin, 90 Conn. App. 445 , 878 A.2d 374 , cert. denied, 276 Conn. 914 , 888 A.2d 86 (2005), for the void for vagueness doctrine, the defendant cites no relevant facts and provides no legal analysis in support of his vagueness challenge.

2007In fact, aside from citing State v. Hamlin, 90 Conn. App. 445 , 878 A.2d 374 , cert. denied, 276 Conn. 914 , 888 A.2d 86 (2005), for the void for vagueness doctrine, the defendant cites no relevant facts and provides no legal analysis in support of his vagueness challenge.

12007–2007
Liistro v. Robinson green
conn · 1976
2 sentences

2006If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute will not be void for vagueness since [mjany statutes will have some inherent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties.” (Citations omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Burton, 258 Conn. 153, 158-59 , 778 A.2d 955 (2001). 11 We are also mindful of the petitioner’s status as a parolee. 12 “We begin with the proposition that the revocation of parole is not part of a criminal prosecution and thus the full panoply of rights due a defendant in such a proceeding does not apply to parole

2006If the meaning of a statute can be fairly ascertained a statute will not be void for vagueness since [mjany statutes will have some inherent vagueness, for [i]n most English words and phrases there lurk uncertainties.” (Citations omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Burton, 258 Conn. 153, 158-59 , 778 A.2d 955 (2001). 11 We are also mindful of the petitioner’s status as a parolee. 12 “We begin with the proposition that the revocation of parole is not part of a criminal prosecution and thus the full panoply of rights due a defendant in such a proceeding does not apply to parole

12006–2006
State v. Szymkiewicz green
conn · 1996
12003–2003
State v. DeFrancesco green
conn · 1995
12001–2001
Taft v. Wheelabrator Putnam, Inc. green
conn · 2000
12001–2001
State v. Gurreh green
connappct · 2000
12001–2001
State v. Cavallo green
conn · 1986
11996–1996
State v. Smith green
conn · 1989
11996–1996
Grayned v. City of Rockford green
scotus · 1972
11992–1992

Statutes the citing opinions construe

CT § Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-21 (8) CT § Conn. Gen. Stat. § 51-199 (6) CT § Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-91 (5) CT § Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-92 (5) CT § Conn. Gen. Stat. § 54-86e (5) CT § Conn. Gen. Stat. § 1-1 (4) CT § Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-119 (4) CT § Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-181 (4) CT § Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-3 (4) CT § Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-61 (4) CT § Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-62 (4) CT § Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-70 (4)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CT 46 (1988–2026) IN 43 (2006–2024) OH 15 (2006–2021) PA 14 (1981–2026) CA 13 (1979–2023) TN 10 (1999–2024) TX 10 (1979–2015) IL 7 (1986–1992) FL 5 (1977–2024) NJ 4 (1978–2025) WI 4 (1994–2016) AR 3 (1992–2009) WA 3 (1999–2019) MD 2 (1990–2017) MT 2 (1979–1979) RI 2 (1983–2011) NC 2 (2002–2016) MI 2 (2018–2018)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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