parameters rule in Iowa

2019However, “even treating physicians may come within the parameters of rule [1.508] when they begin to assume a role in the litigation analogous to that of a retained expert.” Hansen, 686 N.W.2d at 483 (quoting Morris-Rosdail v. Schechinger, 576 N.W.2d 609, 612 (Iowa Ct. App. 1998)).

2002Ezzone v. Riccardi, 525 N.W.2d 388, 398 (Iowa 1994) (emphasis added) (citing Restatement (Second) of Torts § 876, at 315 (1979)).

1984As “[t]he list of ... cases interpreting rule 215.1 is not long,” Greene v. Tri-County Community School District, 315 N.W.2d 779, 781 (Iowa 1982), the parameters of our analysis can best be defined by comparing Rath (reinstatement mandatory) with Wharff v. Iowa Methodist Hospital, 219 N.W.2d 18 (Iowa 1974) (reinstatement neither mandatory nor required in the exercise of trial court’s discretion).

1980While the Court did not elaborate on the parameters of its rule, it made it clear that personal access by a pro se defendant was not required in all cases: [T]he fundamental constitutional right of access to the courts requires prison authorities to assist inmates in the preparation and filing of meaningful legal papers by providing prisoners with adequate law libraries or adequate assistance from persons trained in the law. 430 U.S. at 828 , 97 S.Ct. at 1498 , 52 L.Ed.2d at 83 (emphasis added).

1980While the Court did not elaborate on the parameters of its rule, it made it clear that personal access by a pro se defendant was not required in all cases: [T]he fundamental constitutional right of access to the courts requires prison authorities to assist inmates in the preparation and filing of meaningful legal papers by providing prisoners with adequate law libraries or adequate assistance from persons trained in the law. 430 U.S. at 828 , 97 S.Ct. at 1498 , 52 L.Ed.2d at 83 (emphasis added).