stage analysis (Iowa) · Go Syfert
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stage analysis in Iowa

5 Iowa opinions name it 1 courts 1970–2022 1 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Iowa courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (1)

CaseFollowedCited
State v. Hilleshiemgreen
iowa · 1980 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
1 sentence

2001State v. Hilleshiem, 291 N.W.2d 314, 316 (Iowa 1980).

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Iowa. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (5)

CaseCitedYears
State of Iowa v. Bradley Elroy Wickes green
iowa · 2018
1 sentence

2022Step three requires “an interjurisdictional review and examine the sentences for similar crimes in other jurisdictions.” Id. 15 At the threshold stage of analysis, our primary task is to balance “the gravity of the crime against the severity of the sentence.” Bruegger, 773 N.W.2d at 873 .

12022–2022
State v. Bruegger green
iowa · 2009
1 sentence

2022Step three requires “an interjurisdictional review and examine the sentences for similar crimes in other jurisdictions.” Id. 15 At the threshold stage of analysis, our primary task is to balance “the gravity of the crime against the severity of the sentence.” Bruegger, 773 N.W.2d at 873 .

12022–2022
Weeks v. United States red
· 1914
2 sentences

2000The United States Supreme Court adopted the exclusionary rule in Weeks v. United States, 232 U.S. 383 , 34 S.Ct. 341 , 58 L.Ed. 652 (1914).

2000The United States Supreme Court adopted the exclusionary rule in Weeks v. United States, 232 U.S. 383 , 34 S.Ct. 341 , 58 L.Ed. 652 (1914).

12000–2000
Lyle S. Chandler and Adolphus A. Maddox, on Behalf of Themselves and Others Similarly Situated v. The City of Dallas, the City of Dallas green
ca5 · 1993
1 sentence

1994Id. at 1395 ; Wood v. Omaha Sch.

11994–1994
Johnson v. United States green
scotus · 1948
2 sentences

1970Aguilar is relevant at this stage of the inquiry as well because the tests it establishes were designed to implement the long-standing principle that probable cause must be determined by a ‘neutral and detached magistrate,’ and not by ‘the officer engaged in the often competitive enterprise of ferreting out crime.’ Johnson v. United States, 333 U.S. 10, 14 , 68 S.Ct. 367, 369 , 92 L.Ed. 436 (1948).

1970Aguilar is relevant at this stage of the inquiry as well because the tests it establishes were designed to implement the long-standing principle that probable cause must be determined by a ‘neutral and detached magistrate,’ and not by ‘the officer engaged in the often competitive enterprise of ferreting out crime.’ Johnson v. United States, 333 U.S. 10, 14 , 68 S.Ct. 367, 369 , 92 L.Ed. 436 (1948).

11970–1970

Where else courts name it

CA 65 (1967–2026) IL 23 (1935–2026) TX 16 (1970–2023) MA 15 (1982–2025) NY 12 (1878–2024) OH 12 (2000–2025) MD 9 (1971–2023) OR 8 (1986–2025) WI 7 (1971–2016) NE 7 (2000–2022) PA 7 (1974–2025) FL 6 (1977–2022) WY 6 (1987–2022) MI 6 (1999–2024) TN 6 (2008–2020) IA 5 (1970–2022) NJ 5 (1951–2020) LA 5 (1985–2026) CT 5 (1968–2011) WA 5 (1971–2017) VT 5 (1982–2026) NC 4 (1974–2022) IN 4 (1975–1993) VA 4 (2007–2024) HI 4 (1995–2026) UT 4 (2002–2025) GA 3 (1908–2013) NH 3 (2007–2012) CO 3 (2010–2025) MN 3 (1983–2008) ID 3 (2009–2015) DE 3 (2015–2018) MO 3 (2016–2016) KY 3 (1971–2011) KS 3 (1984–2016) MT 3 (1959–2003) WV 2 (1993–2007) AL 2 (1981–1984) DC 2 (1981–2008)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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