C.F.R. » Title 14 » CHAPTER I—FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION › SUBCHAPTER C—AIRCRAFT › PART 21—CERTIFICATION PROCEDURES FOR PRODUCTS AND ARTICLES › Subpart B—Type Certificates

14 C.F.R. § 21.31

Type design

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The type design consists of—

(a) The drawings and specifications, and a listing of those drawings and specifications, necessary to define the configuration and the design features of the product shown to comply with the requirements of that part of this subchapter applicable to the product;

(b) Information on dimensions, materials, and processes necessary to define the structural strength of the product;

(c) The Airworthiness Limitations section of the Instructions for Continued Airworthiness as required by parts 23, 25, 26, 27, 29, 31, 33 and 35 of this subchapter, or as otherwise required by the FAA; and as specified in the applicable airworthiness criteria for special classes of aircraft defined in § 21.17(b); and

(d) For primary category aircraft, if desired, a special inspection and preventive maintenance program designed to be accomplished by an appropriately rated and trained pilot-owner.

(e) Any other data necessary to allow, by comparison, the determination of the airworthiness, noise characteristics, fuel efficiency, fuel venting, and exhaust emissions (where applicable) of later products of the same type.

[Doc. No. 5085, 29 FR 14564, Oct. 24, 1964, as amended by Amdt. 21-27, 34 FR 18363, Nov. 18, 1969; Amdt. 21-51, 45 FR 60170, Sept. 11, 1980; Amdt. 21-60, 52 FR 8042, Mar. 13, 1987; Amdt. 21-68, 55 FR 32860, Aug. 10, 1990; Amdt. 21-70, 57 FR 41368, Sept. 9, 1992; Amdt. 21-90, 72 FR 63404, Nov. 8, 2007; Amdt. No. 21-107, 89 FR 12653, Feb. 16, 2024]
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 6 cases (1 in the last 5 years), 2006–2024 · leading case: Jill Sikkelee v. Precision Airmotive Corp, 907 F.3d 701 (3rd Cir. 2018).
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Jill Sikkelee v. Precision Airmotive Corp, 907 F.3d 701 (3rd Cir. 2018). · cites it 3× “§ 44704 (a) ; 14 C.F.R. § 21.31 ; Sikkelee II , 822 F.3d at 684 .”
Sikkelee Ex Rel. Est. of Sikkelee v. Precision Airmotive Corp., 822 F.3d 680 (3rd Cir. 2016). · cites it 2× “§ 44704 (a); 14 C.F.R. § 21.31 ; and (2) a production certificate, which certifies that a duplicate part produced for a particular plane will conform to the design in the type certificate, 49 U.”
Schiewe v. Cessna Aircraft Co, 2024 OK 19 (Okla. 2024). · cites it 3× “See 14 C.F.R. §§ 21.31, 21.50, 23.1529, 25.1529, 25.”
Pridgen v. Parker Hannifin Corp., 905 A.2d 422 (Pa. 2006). “A type certificate issued by the Federal Aviation Administration authorizes an entity to manufacture a particular aircraft or engine and is issued after the applicant establishes that the "type design," including all drawings, specifications, and data necessary to insure…”
United States Ex Rel. Smith v. Boeing Co., 825 F.3d 1138 (10th Cir. 2016). “14 C.F.R. § 21.31 (2008). 2 . The FCA allows a private person, referred to as a relator, to bring an FCA suit on behalf of the government in what is known as a qui tam action.”
Sikkelee v. AVCO Corp., 268 F. Supp. 3d 660 (M.D. Penn. 2017). · cites it 3× “Under that regulation, the type design must consist of: (1) drawings and specifications; (2) structural information on materials and dimensions; (3) a showing of continued airworthiness; (4) inspection- and preventative maintenance programs; and (5) any other information…”
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