Blockburger test (Wyoming) · Go Syfert
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Blockburger test in Wyoming

30 Wyoming opinions name it 1 courts 1987–2023 1 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Wyoming courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (31)

CaseFollowedCited
State v. Keffergreen
wyo · 1993 · cited in 8 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1993–2023
2 sentences

2020See Nickels, 2015 WY 85, ¶ 13 , 351 P.3d at 291 (citing State v. Keffer, 860 P.2d 1118, 1133-34 (Wyo. 1993) (“[T]he statutory elements or ‘Blockburger test’ should be used to determine whether a statute sets out a lesser included offense.”) (footnote omitted)). “[A] crime is a lesser included offense ‘if its elements are a subset’ of the elements of the greater offense.” Cecil v. State, 2015 WY 158, ¶ 17 , 364 P.3d 1086, 1091 (Wyo. 2015) (quoting Bowlsby v. State, 2013 WY 72, ¶ 9 , 302 P.3d 913, 916 (Wyo. 2013)).

2010However, the focus of the Blockburger test is not, as Granzer would have it, on the similarity of the evidence relied on to prove the elements of the offenses but on the elements themselves. 2 Keffer, 860 P.2d at 1130 ; Nowack v. State, 774 P.2d 561, 568 (Wyo.1989).

48
Cook v. Stategreen
wyo · 1992 · cited in 3 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1993–2013
2 sentences

2013See Granzer v. State, 2010 WY 130, ¶ 16 , 239 P.3d 640, 646 (Wyo.2010) (The focus of the Blockburger test is not on the similarity of the evidence relied on to prove the elements of the offenses but on the elements themselves.); Cook v. State, 841 P.2d 1345, 1347 (Wyo.1992) (quoting Black's Law Dictionary 1081 (6th ed. 1990)) ("As used in the Double Jeopardy Clause, 'same offense means 'the same crime, not the same transaction, acts, cireumstances, or situation.' ").

2013See Granzer v. State, 2010 WY 130, ¶ 16 , 239 P.3d 640, 646 (Wyo.2010) (The focus of the Blockburger test is not on the similarity of the evidence relied on to prove the elements of the offenses but on the elements themselves.); Cook v. State, 841 P.2d 1345, 1347 (Wyo.1992) (quoting Black's Law Dictionary 1081 (6th ed. 1990)) ("As used in the Double Jeopardy Clause, 'same offense means 'the same crime, not the same transaction, acts, cireumstances, or situation.' ").

33
Whalen v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1980 · cited in 8 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1987–2013
2 sentences

1993When a federal statute is involved, the three-step process begins with the initial requirement of an analysis of legislative intent to create separate offenses with separate penalty provisions; if that intent is ambiguous, then the court proceeds to apply the Blockburger test as a rule of statutory construction “to determine whether Congress has in a given situation provided that two statutory offenses may be punished cumulatively.” Whalen, ■ 445 U.S. at 691 , 100 S.Ct. at 1437 .

1993When a federal statute is involved, the three-step process begins with the initial requirement of an analysis of legislative intent to create separate offenses with separate penalty provisions; if that intent is ambiguous, then the court proceeds to apply the Blockburger test as a rule of statutory construction “to determine whether Congress has in a given situation provided that two statutory offenses may be punished cumulatively.” Whalen, ■ 445 U.S. at 691 , 100 S.Ct. at 1437 .

28
State v. Cartergreen
wyo · 1986 · cited in 5 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1987–2012
2 sentences

1989Although the preceding is dispositive as to appellant's double jeopardy claim, we also note that the same result is achieved, albeit much more simply, when we apply the "different evidence" test, a derivative of the Blockburger rule. [6] In State v. Carter, 714 P.2d 1217, 1220 (Wyo. 1986), we stated that, "where there is separate evidence of the two offenses, the offenses cannot be said to have merged." In the instant case, the evidence supporting the aggravating burglary was the beating of Ms. Gunderman with the telephone — the infliction of bodily injury.

1989Although the preceding is dispositive as to appellant’s double jeopardy claim, we also note that the same result is achieved, albeit much more simply, when we apply the “different evidence” test, a derivative of the Blockburger rule. 6 In State v. Carter, 714 P.2d 1217, 1220 (Wyo.1986), we stated that, “where there is separate evidence of the two offenses, the offenses cannot be said to have merged.” In the instant case, the evidence supporting the aggravating burglary was the beating of Ms. Gunderman with the telephone — the infliction of bodily injury.

25
Garrett v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1985 · cited in 4 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1987–1989
2 sentences

1987I agree with the current decision of Garrett v. United States, supra, where again Justice Rehnquist said: "* * * We have recently indicated that the Blockburger rule is not controlling when the legislative intent is clear from the face of the statute or the legislative history." 471 U.S. at 779 , 105 S.Ct. at 2412.

1987I agree with the current decision of Garrett v. United States, supra, where again Justice Rehnquist said: "* * * We have recently indicated that the Blockburger rule is not controlling when the legislative intent is clear from the face of the statute or the legislative history." 471 U.S. at 779 , 105 S.Ct. at 2412.

24
Daniel Ray Bowlsby v. The State of Wyominggreen
wyo · 2013 · cited in 2 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2015–2020
2 sentences

2020See Nickels, 2015 WY 85, ¶ 13 , 351 P.3d at 291 (citing State v. Keffer, 860 P.2d 1118, 1133-34 (Wyo. 1993) (“[T]he statutory elements or ‘Blockburger test’ should be used to determine whether a statute sets out a lesser included offense.”) (footnote omitted)). “[A] crime is a lesser included offense ‘if its elements are a subset’ of the elements of the greater offense.” Cecil v. State, 2015 WY 158, ¶ 17 , 364 P.3d 1086, 1091 (Wyo. 2015) (quoting Bowlsby v. State, 2013 WY 72, ¶ 9 , 302 P.3d 913, 916 (Wyo. 2013)).

2020See Nickels, 2015 WY 85, ¶ 13 , 351 P.3d at 291 (citing State v. Keffer, 860 P.2d 1118, 1133-34 (Wyo. 1993) (“[T]he statutory elements or ‘Blockburger test’ should be used to determine whether a statute sets out a lesser included offense.”) (footnote omitted)). “[A] crime is a lesser included offense ‘if its elements are a subset’ of the elements of the greater offense.” Cecil v. State, 2015 WY 158, ¶ 17 , 364 P.3d 1086, 1091 (Wyo. 2015) (quoting Bowlsby v. State, 2013 WY 72, ¶ 9 , 302 P.3d 913, 916 (Wyo. 2013)).

22
United States v. Weathers, Marc K.green
cadc · 1999 · cited in 2 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2010–2013
2 sentences

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

22
Albernaz v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1981 · cited in 7 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1988–2013
2 sentences

1993There is a difference in the application of the Blockburger test by the Supreme Court, however, based upon its role in determining congressional intent, Albernaz v. United States, 450 U.S. 333 , 101 S.Ct. 1137 , 67 L.Ed.2d 275 (1981), and the constitutional test of double jeopardy.

1993There is a difference in the application of the Blockburger test by the Supreme Court, however, based upon its role in determining congressional intent, Albernaz v. United States, 450 U.S. 333 , 101 S.Ct. 1137 , 67 L.Ed.2d 275 (1981), and the constitutional test of double jeopardy.

17
Birr v. Stategreen
wyo · 1987 · cited in 4 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1989–1992
2 sentences

1990Had the court pursued the problem under the same analysis articulated in Birr , the result would have been the same. [9] In Birr v. State, 744 P.2d 1117 (Wyo. 1987), we pointed out that application of the Blockburger test is not a reliable indication of legislative intent if the statute provides for violation in alternative ways.

1990Had the court pursued the problem under the same analysis articulated in Birr , the result would have been the same. [9] In Birr v. State, 744 P.2d 1117 (Wyo. 1987), we pointed out that application of the Blockburger test is not a reliable indication of legislative intent if the statute provides for violation in alternative ways.

14
Lauthern v. Stategreen
wyo · 1989 · cited in 3 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1989–2012
2 sentences

2012Lauthern v. State, 769 P.2d 350 [(Wyo.1989)]; State v. Carter, 714 P.2d 1217 [(Wyo.1986)].

2012Lauthern v. State, 769 P.2d 350 [ (Wyo.1989) ]; State v. Carter, 714 P.2d 1217 [(Wyo.1986)].

13
Granzer v. Stategreen
wyo · 2010 · cited in 2 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2013–2017
2 sentences

2017“Under the Blockburger test, an offense is a lesser-included offense if its elements are a subset of the elements of the greater offense.” Id. [¶10] Applying the Blockburger test, we have previously recognized that the crime of simple battery is a lesser included offense of the crime of strangulation of a household member: The parties seem to agree that the elements of battery in [Wyo.

2017“Under the Blockburger test, an offense is a lesser-included offense if its elements are a subset of the elements of the greater offense.” Id. [¶10] Applying the Blockburger test, we have previously recognized that the crime of simple battery is a lesser included offense of the crime of strangulation of a household member: The parties seem to agree that the elements of battery in [Wyo.

12
Tuggle v. Stategreen
wyo · 1987 · cited in 2 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1987–2010
2 sentences

2010In these situations, we have held that "statutory construction and legislative intent will control the determination whether, when there are multiple victims from a single act or course of conduct, there is only one crime or as many crimes as there are victims." Id. at 864 ; Tuggle v. State, 733 P.2d 610, 612 (Wyo.1987); Vigil, 563 P.2d at 1352-53 ; see also United States v. Ansaldi, 372 F.3d 118 , 125 n. 3 (2d Cir.2004) ("Ordinarily, courts apply the so-called Blockburger test' to determine whether or not two charged offenses constitute different crimes.

2010In these situations, we have held that "statutory construction and legislative intent will control the determination whether, when there are multiple victims from a single act or course of conduct, there is only one crime or as many crimes as there are victims." Id. at 864 ; Tuggle v. State, 733 P.2d 610, 612 (Wyo.1987); Vigil, 563 P.2d at 1352-53 ; see also United States v. Ansaldi, 372 F.3d 118 , 125 n. 3 (2d Cir.2004) ("Ordinarily, courts apply the so-called `Blockburger test' to determine whether or not two charged offenses constitute different crimes.

12
United States v. Felixgreen
scotus · 1992 · cited in 2 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1992–1993
2 sentences

1993Felix, — U.S. —, 112 S.Ct. 1377 .

1993Felix, — U.S. —, 112 S.Ct. 1377 .

12
Illinois v. Vitalegreen
scotus · 1980 · cited in 2 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1987–1989
2 sentences

1989It said [ 447 U.S. at 419 , 100 S.Ct. at 2266 ]: The point is that if manslaughter by automobile does not always entail proof of a failure to slow, then the two offenses are not the “same” under the Blockburger test.

1989It said [ 447 U.S. at 419 , 100 S.Ct. at 2266 ]: The point is that if manslaughter by automobile does not always entail proof of a failure to slow, then the two offenses are not the “same” under the Blockburger test.

12
Kiley J. Cecil v. Stategreen
· 2015 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
2 sentences

2020See Nickels, 2015 WY 85, ¶ 13 , 351 P.3d at 291 (citing State v. Keffer, 860 P.2d 1118, 1133-34 (Wyo. 1993) (“[T]he statutory elements or ‘Blockburger test’ should be used to determine whether a statute sets out a lesser included offense.”) (footnote omitted)). “[A] crime is a lesser included offense ‘if its elements are a subset’ of the elements of the greater offense.” Cecil v. State, 2015 WY 158, ¶ 17 , 364 P.3d 1086, 1091 (Wyo. 2015) (quoting Bowlsby v. State, 2013 WY 72, ¶ 9 , 302 P.3d 913, 916 (Wyo. 2013)).

2020See Nickels, 2015 WY 85, ¶ 13 , 351 P.3d at 291 (citing State v. Keffer, 860 P.2d 1118, 1133-34 (Wyo. 1993) (“[T]he statutory elements or ‘Blockburger test’ should be used to determine whether a statute sets out a lesser included offense.”) (footnote omitted)). “[A] crime is a lesser included offense ‘if its elements are a subset’ of the elements of the greater offense.” Cecil v. State, 2015 WY 158, ¶ 17 , 364 P.3d 1086, 1091 (Wyo. 2015) (quoting Bowlsby v. State, 2013 WY 72, ¶ 9 , 302 P.3d 913, 916 (Wyo. 2013)).

11
Timothy S. Nickels v. Stategreen
wyo · 2015 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
11
Duffy v. Stategreen
wyo · 1990 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Pope v. Stategreen
wyo · 2002 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Silva v. Stategreen
wyo · 2012 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Ivan Lee Sweets, Sr. v. The State of Wyominggreen
wyo · 2013 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Iannelli v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1975 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
11
Nowack v. Stategreen
wyo · 1989 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
11
United States v. Scott Ansaldi, Rodney Dean Gatesgreen
ca2 · 2004 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
11
Edwards v. Stategreen
oklacrimapp · 1991 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995
11
cluster 474115green
ca11 · 1986 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1992–1992
11
Carawan v. Statered
fla · 1987 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1990–1990
11
United States v. Dominic Phillip Brooklier and Samuel Orlando Sciortinogreen
ca9 · 1981 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1989–1989
11
cluster 397156green
· 1981 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1989–1989
11
United States v. Howard Eric Gensergreen
ca10 · 1983 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1989–1989
11
Howard v. Stategreen
wyo · 1988 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1989–1989
11
Goodman v. Stategreen
wyo · 1979 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1988–1988
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Wyoming. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (47)

CaseCitedYears
Blockburger v. United States green
scotus · 1931
2 sentences

2015The Blockburger test is named after the seminal case of Blockburger v. United States, 284 U.S. 299, 304 , 52 S.Ct. 180, 182 , 76 L.Ed. 306 (1932).

2015The Blockburger test is named after the seminal case of Blockburger v. United States, 284 U.S. 299, 304 , 52 S.Ct. 180, 182 , 76 L.Ed. 306 (1932).

131987–2023
Brown v. Ohio green
scotus · 1977
2 sentences

1992The confusion regarding the proper application of the Blockburger test comes from its use both as a device for determining legislative intent, Whalen, 445 U.S. at 693-94 , 100 S.Ct. at 1439 , and as a test of double jeopardy protections, Brown, 432 U.S. at 166 , 97 S.Ct. at 2225 .

1992The confusion regarding the proper application of the Blockburger test comes from its use both as a device for determining legislative intent, Whalen, 445 U.S. at 693-94 , 100 S.Ct. at 1439 , and as a test of double jeopardy protections, Brown, 432 U.S. at 166 , 97 S.Ct. at 2225 .

51987–2002
Missouri v. Hunter green
scotus · 1983
2 sentences

1993Hunter, 459 U.S. 359 , 103 S.Ct. 673 ; Brown, 432 U.S. 161 , 97 S.Ct. 2221 .

1993Hunter, 459 U.S. 359 , 103 S.Ct. 673 ; Brown, 432 U.S. 161 , 97 S.Ct. 2221 .

51987–1993
Razzaq v. Old Dominion University green
scotus · 2000
2 sentences

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

22010–2013
Mancillas v. United States green
scotus · 2000
2 sentences

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

22010–2013
Earp v. California green
scotus · 2000
2 sentences

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

22010–2013
Wright v. United States green
scotus · 2004
2 sentences

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

22010–2013
Barajas-Arcilia v. United States green
scotus · 2004
2 sentences

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

22010–2013
Watkins v. Pennsylvania green
scotus · 2004
2 sentences

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

22010–2013
Armstrong v. Boulden green
scotus · 2004
2 sentences

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

22010–2013
Gonzales-Velasquez v. United States green
scotus · 2004
2 sentences

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

2013Rather than determining whether one act falls within two distinct statutes, as in Blockburger, we are asking whether two acts constitute one statutory offense.") (citation omitted), cert. denied, 543 U.S. 949 , 125 S.Ct. 364 , 160 L.Ed.2d 266 , and cert. denied, 543 U.S. 960 , 125 S.Ct. 430 , 160 L.Ed.2d 324 (2004); United States v. Weathers, 186 F.3d 948, 952 (D.C.Cir.1999) ("Where two violations of the same statute rather than two violations of different statutes are charged, courts determine whether a single offense is involved not by applying the Blockburger test, but rather by asking what

22010–2013
Vigil v. State green
wyo · 1977
2 sentences

2010In these situations, we have held that "statutory construction and legislative intent will control the determination whether, when there are multiple victims from a single act or course of conduct, there is only one crime or as many crimes as there are victims." Id. at 864 ; Tuggle v. State, 733 P.2d 610, 612 (Wyo.1987); Vigil, 563 P.2d at 1352-53 ; see also United States v. Ansaldi, 372 F.3d 118 , 125 n. 3 (2d Cir.2004) ("Ordinarily, courts apply the so-called Blockburger test' to determine whether or not two charged offenses constitute different crimes.

2010In these situations, we have held that "statutory construction and legislative intent will control the determination whether, when there are multiple victims from a single act or course of conduct, there is only one crime or as many crimes as there are victims." Id. at 864 ; Tuggle v. State, 733 P.2d 610, 612 (Wyo.1987); Vigil, 563 P.2d at 1352-53 ; see also United States v. Ansaldi, 372 F.3d 118 , 125 n. 3 (2d Cir.2004) ("Ordinarily, courts apply the so-called `Blockburger test' to determine whether or not two charged offenses constitute different crimes.

21987–2010
DeSpain v. State green
wyo · 1993
2 sentences

1995We outlined the Blockburger test in our DeSpain decision: *193 “The applicable rule is that where the same act or transaction constitutes a violation of two distinct statutory provisions, the test to be applied to determine whether there are two offenses or only one, is whether each provision requires proof of an additional fact which the other does not.” DeSpain, 865 P.2d at 589 (quoting State v. Keffer, 860 P.2d 1118, 1130 (Wyo.1993)).

1995We outlined the Blockburger test in our DeSpain decision: *193 “The applicable rule is that where the same act or transaction constitutes a violation of two distinct statutory provisions, the test to be applied to determine whether there are two offenses or only one, is whether each provision requires proof of an additional fact which the other does not.” DeSpain, 865 P.2d at 589 (quoting State v. Keffer, 860 P.2d 1118, 1130 (Wyo.1993)).

21995–1998
Schultz v. State green
wyo · 1988
2 sentences

1989Howard, 762 P.2d at 32 ; Schultz, 751 P.2d at 370 ; Carrett, 471 U.S. at 779 , 105 S.Ct. at 2411 . [6] The "different evidence" test, also known as the "same evidence" test, was developed in cases concerning successive prosecutions.

1989Howard, 762 P.2d at 32 ; Schultz, 751 P.2d at 370 ; Carrett, 471 U.S. at 779 , 105 S.Ct. at 2411 . [6] The "different evidence" test, also known as the "same evidence" test, was developed in cases concerning successive prosecutions.

21989–1989
Geiser v. State green
wyo · 1996
2 sentences

2023Id. [¶12] Mr. Veatch asks us to look at the elements of his two charges—where the events occurred on the same date, in the same county, and with the same person—and apply the same-elements test, also known as the Blockburger test.

2023Id. [¶12] Mr. Veatch asks us to look at the elements of his two charges—where the events occurred on the same date, in the same county, and with the same person—and apply the same-elements test, also known as the Blockburger test.

12023–2023
Amrein v. State green
wyo · 1992
12010–2010
Burks v. United States green
scotus · 1978
11995–1995
Morey v. Commonwealth green
mass · 1871
11993–1993
Baines v. Hilton green
scotus · 1980
11993–1993
Grady v. Corbin red
scotus · 1990
11992–1992
Gore v. United States green
scotus · 1958
11992–1992
United States v. Central Eureka Mining Co. green
scotus · 1958
11992–1992
Ashe v. Swenson green
scotus · 1970
11992–1992
State v. Tolbert green
ohio · 1991
11992–1992
Miller v. Department of the Treasury green
scotus · 1992
11992–1992
Spencer v. United States green
scotus · 1988
11992–1992
De La Fuente v. United States green
scotus · 1988
11992–1992
Carlson v. State green
fla · 1981
11989–1989
People v. Jackson green
ill · 1987
11989–1989
People v. Walker green
ill · 1985
11989–1989
People v. Zegart green
ill · 1980
11989–1989
Illinois v. Zegart green
scotus · 1981
11989–1989
State v. Seats green
ariz · 1981
11989–1989
Local Lodge No. 875, Brotherhood Railway Carmen of the United States & Canada v. Donovan green
scotus · 1981
11989–1989
Brooklier v. United States green
scotus · 1981
11989–1989
Simpson v. United States green
scotus · 1978
11988–1988
State v. Haggard green
mo · 1981
11987–1987
State v. Tobin green
wyo · 1924
11987–1987
Hunter v. State green
del · 1981
11987–1987
United States v. Leisa Beatrice Gibson green
ca5 · 1987
11987–1987

Statutes the citing opinions construe

WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-2-101 (7) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-2-401 (6) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-3-402 (6) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-1-303 (5) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-1-304 (5) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-2-502 (5) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-2-104 (4) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-2-105 (4) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-2-201 (4) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-2-301 (4) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-2-302 (4) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-3-301 (4)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

TX 409 (1982–2026) FL 171 (1981–2026) NM 151 (1991–2026) LA 139 (1980–2025) WA 133 (1982–2026) TN 130 (1977–2026) OH 105 (1980–2026) CT 96 (1985–2026) VA 89 (1979–2026) MI 88 (1978–2026) AL 71 (1977–2025) KY 66 (1984–2026) IN 65 (1978–2020) MD 61 (1962–2022) DC 57 (1981–2026) MO 57 (1977–2024) MS 54 (1981–2023) PA 53 (1982–2025) IL 48 (1977–2023) WI 37 (1979–2023) ID 34 (1980–2025) WV 32 (1983–2025) MT 32 (1981–2024) WY 30 (1987–2023) NC 26 (1981–2026) NJ 25 (1982–2019) CO 23 (1980–2017) DE 22 (1980–2025) IA 22 (1983–2026) SC 21 (1990–2021) NV 20 (1984–2024) NY 20 (1978–2019) AZ 19 (1981–2024) SD 19 (1988–2019) RI 17 (1980–2013) NE 16 (1991–2025) VT 16 (1998–2024) GA 14 (1979–2023) AR 14 (1993–2024) ME 14 (1992–2025) OK 11 (1981–2024) HI 9 (1991–2005) MN 9 (1979–2013) OR 8 (1982–2020) CA 7 (2001–2020) MA 7 (1981–2023) VI 7 (1997–2013) KS 6 (1989–2006) AK 4 (1995–2024) ND 4 (2006–2023) GU 2 (2023–2025) NH 2 (1984–2006)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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