admissibility test in Michigan

26 Michigan opinions name it 2 courts 1976–2026 3 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Michigan courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (4)

Case	Followed	Cited
People v. Whitegreen michctapp · 1994 · cited in 2 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017 2 sentences 2017See generally People v White, 208 Mich App 126, 130 ; 527 NW2d 34 (1994). 2017See generally People v White, 208 Mich App 126, 130 ; 527 NW2d 34 (1994).	2	2
Crawford v. Washingtongreen scotus · 2004 · cited in 2 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004 2 sentences 2004Defendant's confrontation argument consists of general references in his appellate brief to the protections afforded by the Confrontation Clause, and his citation and brief synopsis of the recent United States Supreme Court decision in Crawford v. Washington, 541 U.S. ___ , 124 S.Ct. 1354, 1364 , 158 L.Ed.2d 177, 192-193 (2004), that he filed as supplemental authority just before oral argument. 2004Defendant's confrontation argument consists of general references in his appellate brief to the protections afforded by the Confrontation Clause, and his citation and brief synopsis of the recent United States Supreme Court decision in Crawford v. Washington, 541 U.S. ___ , 124 S.Ct. 1354, 1364 , 158 L.Ed.2d 177, 192-193 (2004), that he filed as supplemental authority just before oral argument.	2	2
People v. Mardlingreen mich · 2010 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016 1 sentence 2016See Mardlin, 487 Mich at 625 (“Although defendant. . . emphasize [s] that he offered innocent explanations for the past [conduct], his innocent explanations do not control the admissibility analysis.”).	1	1
Manko v. Rootgreen michctapp · 1991 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 2003–2003 2 sentences 2003See Manko v Root, 190 Mich App 702, 704-705 ; 476 NW2d 776 (1991) (the implied-consent statute is inapplicable to blood seized pursuant to a search warrant). 2003See Manko v Root, 190 Mich App 702, 704-705 ; 476 NW2d 776 (1991) (the implied-consent statute is inapplicable to blood seized pursuant to a search warrant).	1	1

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Michigan. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (34)

Case	Cited	Years
People v. Goddard green mich · 1988 2 sentences 2024As the statement of a party opponent, the admissibility analysis involves instead first determining whether the statement was relevant, and second whether its probative -6- value outweighed its possible prejudicial effect.” People v Goddard, 429 Mich 505, 514-515 ; 418 NW2d 881 (1988). 2024As the statement of a party opponent, the admissibility analysis involves instead first determining whether the statement was relevant, and second whether its probative -6- value outweighed its possible prejudicial effect.” People v Goddard, 429 Mich 505, 514-515 ; 418 NW2d 881 (1988).	7	2014–2024
Vanderberg v. General Motors Corp. green michctapp · 1980 2 sentences 1986Although the admissibility of test results and experiments performed by experts and nonexperts is a matter within the discretion of the trial court, "before such test results can be admitted, a proper foundation must be laid to show that the test in question properly duplicated the actual conditions giving rise to the lawsuit.” Hartford Fire Ins Co v Walter Kidde & Co, Inc, 120 Mich App 283, 288 ; 328 NW2d 29 (1982); Vanderberg v General Motors Corp, 96 Mich App 683, 688 ; 293 NW2d 676 (1980). 1986Although the admissibility of test results and experiments performed by experts and nonexperts is a matter within the discretion of the trial court, "before such test results can be admitted, a proper foundation must be laid to show that the test in question properly duplicated the actual conditions giving rise to the lawsuit.” Hartford Fire Ins Co v Walter Kidde & Co, Inc, 120 Mich App 283, 288 ; 328 NW2d 29 (1982); Vanderberg v General Motors Corp, 96 Mich App 683, 688 ; 293 NW2d 676 (1980).	2	1982–1986
Hartford Fire Ins. Co. v. Walter Kidde & Co., Inc. green michctapp · 1982 2 sentences 1986Although the admissibility of test results and experiments performed by experts and nonexperts is a matter within the discretion of the trial court, "before such test results can be admitted, a proper foundation must be laid to show that the test in question properly duplicated the actual conditions giving rise to the lawsuit.” Hartford Fire Ins Co v Walter Kidde & Co, Inc, 120 Mich App 283, 288 ; 328 NW2d 29 (1982); Vanderberg v General Motors Corp, 96 Mich App 683, 688 ; 293 NW2d 676 (1980). 1986Although the admissibility of test results and experiments performed by experts and nonexperts is a matter within the discretion of the trial court, "before such test results can be admitted, a proper foundation must be laid to show that the test in question properly duplicated the actual conditions giving rise to the lawsuit.” Hartford Fire Ins Co v Walter Kidde & Co, Inc, 120 Mich App 283, 288 ; 328 NW2d 29 (1982); Vanderberg v General Motors Corp, 96 Mich App 683, 688 ; 293 NW2d 676 (1980).	2	1983–1986
People v. Morse green michctapp · 1998 1 sentence 2026More relevant is Masi, ___ Mich at ___; slip op at 2, 13-17, where the Court held that “evidence related to prior sexual abuse of a minor is ‘sexual conduct’ under MCL 750.520j(1),” “overrule[d] the admissibility test articulated in Morse to the extent that it require[d] evidence of a prior conviction,” and remanded to the trial court for “an in camera evidentiary hearing to apply the new standard[.]” In Masi, id. at ___; slip at 1-2, the defendant argued that the evidence the victim “viewed pornography during the course of alleged sexual abuse committed by [the victim’s] uncle is not ‘sexual	1	2026–2026
In Re CR green michctapp · 2002 1 sentence 2025Therefore, if DHHS “requests termination based on new or changed circumstances, [the trial court] must retreat to the admissibility standard used in an adjudication.” In re CR, 250 Mich App at 201 .	1	2025–2025
People v. Yost green michctapp · 2008 2 sentences 2018Although remoteness in time may, in some cases, limit the logical relevance of the challenged evidence, People v Yost, 278 Mich App 341, 405 ; 749 NW2d 753 (2008), statements that Keel-Haywood made about the Wisner Street shooting a year later to a witness whom he expected to testify were highly relevant to Keel-Haywood’s identity as the shooter or aider and abettor. 2018Although remoteness in time may, in some cases, limit the logical relevance of the challenged evidence, People v Yost, 278 Mich App 341, 405 ; 749 NW2d 753 (2008), statements that Keel-Haywood made about the Wisner Street shooting a year later to a witness whom he expected to testify were highly relevant to Keel-Haywood’s identity as the shooter or aider and abettor.	1	2018–2018
People v. VanderVliet green mich · 1993 1 sentence 2016For purposes of MRE 404(b), when considering the relevancy of evidence under MRE 402 and the relevancy is conditioned on fact, as enforced through MRE 104(b), “the trial court neither weighs credibility nor makes a finding that the Government has proved the conditional fact by a preponderance of the evidence.” VanderVliet, 444 Mich at 68 n 20, quoting Huddleston v United States, 485 US 681, 690 ; 108 S Ct 1496 ; 99 L Ed 2d 771 (1988).	1	2016–2016
Huddleston v. United States green scotus · 1988 2 sentences 2016For purposes of MRE 404(b), when considering the relevancy of evidence under MRE 402 and the relevancy is conditioned on fact, as enforced through MRE 104(b), “the trial court neither weighs credibility nor makes a finding that the Government has proved the conditional fact by a preponderance of the evidence.” VanderVliet, 444 Mich at 68 n 20, quoting Huddleston v United States, 485 US 681, 690 ; 108 S Ct 1496 ; 99 L Ed 2d 771 (1988). 2016For purposes of MRE 404(b), when considering the relevancy of evidence under MRE 402 and the relevancy is conditioned on fact, as enforced through MRE 104(b), “the trial court neither weighs credibility nor makes a finding that the Government has proved the conditional fact by a preponderance of the evidence.” VanderVliet, 444 Mich at 68 n 20, quoting Huddleston v United States, 485 US 681, 690 ; 108 S Ct 1496 ; 99 L Ed 2d 771 (1988).	1	2016–2016
People v. Crawford green mich · 1998 1 sentence 2014As the statement of a party opponent, the admissibility analysis involves instead first determining whether the statement was relevant, and second whether its probative value outweighed its possible prejudicial effect.” People v Goddard, 429 Mich 505 , 514–515; 418 NW2d 881 (1988).7 As noted, “[r]elevance is a relationship between the evidence and a material fact at issue that must be demonstrated by reasonable inferences that make a material fact at issue more probable or less probable than it would be without the evidence.” Crawford, 458 Mich at 387 .	1	2014–2014
Old Chief v. United States green scotus · 1997 2 sentences 1998It is now well established that Rule 403 assigns the party opposing the admission .... [Imwinkelried & Margolin, The case for the admissibility of defense testimony about customary political practices in official corruption prosecutions, 29 Am Crim L R 1, 29, 31-32 (1991).] The majority has thus simply amended Rule 404(b) by imposing its “judicial oversight” on the discretionary decisions of the trial bench. m The analysis and conclusion reveal the majority’s angst regarding two of the fundamental principles underlying the Rules of Evidence — the basic premise of MRE 402 14 that all relevant e 1998It is now well established that Rule 403 assigns the party opposing the admission .... [Imwinkelried & Margolin, The case for the admissibility of defense testimony about customary political practices in official corruption prosecutions, 29 Am Crim L R 1, 29, 31-32 (1991).] The majority has thus simply amended Rule 404(b) by imposing its “judicial oversight” on the discretionary decisions of the trial bench. m The analysis and conclusion reveal the majority’s angst regarding two of the fundamental principles underlying the Rules of Evidence — the basic premise of MRE 402 14 that all relevant e	1	1998–1998
People v. Stark green michctapp · 1977 2 sentences 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej	1	1990–1990
People v. John Willie Williams green michctapp · 1970 2 sentences 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej	1	1990–1990
People v. Ferency green michctapp · 1984 2 sentences 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej	1	1990–1990
People v. Gonzales green mich · 1982 2 sentences 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej	1	1990–1990
People v. Watkins green michctapp · 1977 2 sentences 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej	1	1990–1990
People v. Tobey green mich · 1977	1	1990–1990
Dudek v. Popp green mich · 1964 2 sentences 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej	1	1990–1990
State v. Rimmasch green utah · 1989 1 sentence 1990The Court noted that [a]lthough we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [ Id. at 22 .] [44] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectrophotometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People	1	1990–1990
People v. Wesley neutral michctapp · 1981 2 sentences 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej	1	1990–1990
People v. O'BRIEN green michctapp · 1982 2 sentences 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej	1	1990–1990
People v. Collins green michctapp · 1972 2 sentences 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej	1	1990–1990
People v. Riemersma green michctapp · 1981 2 sentences 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej	1	1990–1990
People v. Farnsley green michctapp · 1979	1	1990–1990
O'DOWD v. Linehan green mich · 1971 2 sentences 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej	1	1990–1990
People v. Soltis green michctapp · 1981 2 sentences 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej	1	1990–1990
People v. Cox green michctapp · 1978 2 sentences 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej	1	1990–1990
People v. Ebejer green michctapp · 1976 2 sentences 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej	1	1990–1990
Moerman v. Kalamazoo County Road Commission green michctapp · 1983 2 sentences 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej 1990The Court noted that [although we do not doubt that the technique of electrophoresis enjoys general acceptance as a diagnostic and a research tool, the record before us is devoid of impartial and disinterested expert opinion that serological electrophoresis is sensitive and specific in measuring what it purports to measure. [Id. at 22.] People v Soltis, 104 Mich App 53 ; 304 NW2d 811 (1981), modified on other grounds 411 Mich 1037 ; 309 NW2d 186 (1981) (spectropho tometer test results); People v Wesley, 103 Mich App 240 ; 303 NW2d 194 (1981) (fingernail identification procedure); People v Ebej	1	1990–1990
Smith v. Grange Mutual Fire Insurance green mich · 1926	1	1989–1989
Hubenschmidt v. Shears green mich · 1978	1	1989–1989
Jenkins v. Frison Building Maintenance Co. green michctapp · 1988	1	1989–1989
People v. Krulikowski green michctapp · 1975	1	1988–1988
Kalamazoo Yellow Cab Co. v. Kalamazoo Circuit Judge green mich · 1961	1	1982–1982
People v. Renno green mich · 1974	1	1976–1976

Statutes the citing opinions construe

MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 257.625a (6) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 750.520b (6) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 257.625 (5) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 769.10 (5) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 769.34 (5) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 750.317 (4) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 769.26 (4)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

OH 112 (1972–2026) TX 65 (1976–2024) IN 40 (1969–2020) GA 40 (1975–2021) IL 39 (1924–2026) PA 29 (1974–2026) NJ 28 (1930–2026) NY 28 (1984–2024) MI 26 (1976–2026) CA 25 (1946–2023) WI 24 (1975–2026) FL 23 (1966–2020) CT 22 (1990–2025) VT 18 (1980–2023) LA 16 (1983–2024) AL 16 (1982–2017) MO 15 (1987–2020) WA 15 (1959–2026) KS 15 (1976–2024) UT 15 (1979–2026) MD 14 (1980–2024) VA 14 (1980–2025) MN 14 (1980–2025) NC 14 (1882–2020) OR 12 (1987–2017) IA 12 (1894–2025) ND 11 (1978–2014) MT 11 (1989–2024) CO 10 (1976–2021) TN 10 (1979–2020) MA 10 (1974–2016) ID 10 (1992–2022) DC 9 (1985–2024) HI 8 (1987–2012) OK 7 (1975–1995) RI 6 (1971–2024) KY 6 (1964–2024) WV 6 (1979–2002) SC 6 (1984–2024) MS 6 (2001–2019) ME 6 (1978–2026) NM 6 (1974–2022) NE 6 (1982–2018) AR 5 (1982–2025) AZ 4 (1975–2014) WY 3 (1988–2003) DE 3 (1993–2015) NH 3 (1984–1992) SD 3 (1976–1996) AK 2 (1996–1996)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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