of review standard (Texas) · Go Syfert
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of review standard in Texas

108 Texas opinions name it 2 courts 1989–2025 12 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Texas courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (70)

CaseFollowedCited
Nixon v. Mr. Property Management Co.green
tex · 1985 · cited in 18 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1992–2019
2 sentences

2019See Nixon v. Mr. Property Management Co., 690 S.W.2d 546, 548 (Tex. 1985).

2018See Nixon v. Mr. Property Management Company, Inc. , 690 S.W.2d 546 , 548 (Tex. 1985).

1818
Lear Siegler, Inc. v. Perezgreen
tex · 1991 · cited in 11 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1994–2002
2 sentences

2002Lear Siegler, Inc. v. Perez, 819 S.W.2d 470, 471 (Tex. 1991).

2000Lear Siegler, Inc. v. *414 Perez, 819 S.W.2d 470, 471 (Tex.1991); Nixon v. Mr. Property Mgmt.

1111
Sysco Food Services, Inc. v. Trapnellgreen
tex · 1995 · cited in 7 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2005–2015
2 sentences

2015Sysco Food Servs. v. Trapnell, 890 S.W.2d 796, 800 (Tex. 1994); Nixon v. Mr. Prop.

2012See Sysco Food Servs. v. Trapnell, 890 S.W.2d 796, 800 (Tex. 1994); Nixon v. Mr. Prop.

77
In Re JFCgreen
tex · 2002 · cited in 5 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2014–2025
2 sentences

2025Code Ann. §§ 101.007 , 161.001(b); In re E.N.C., 384 S.W.3d 796, 802 (Tex. 2012) (citing In re J.F.C., 96 S.W.3d 256, 263 (Tex. 2002)) (other citations omitted).

2023STANDARD OF REVIEW The standard of proof required in cases involving termination of parental rights is clear and convincing evidence, which is “the measure or degree of proof that will produce in the mind of the trier of fact a firm belief or conviction as to the truth of the allegations sought to be established.” Id. §§ 101.007, 161.001(b); In re E.N.C., 384 S.W.3d 796, 802 (Tex. 2012) (citing In re J.F.C., 96 S.W.3d 256, 263 (Tex. 2002)) (other citations omitted).

55
Carmouche v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 2000 · cited in 5 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2004–2021
2 sentences

2021STANDARD OF REVIEW The standard for reviewing a trial court’s ruling on a motion to suppress is a bifurcated standard of review: “giving ‘almost total deference to a trial court’s determination of historical facts’ and reviewing de novo the court’s application of the law 3 of search and seizure.” Carmouche v. State, 10 S.W.3d 323, 327 (Tex. Crim.

2021STANDARD OF REVIEW The standard for reviewing a trial court’s ruling on a motion to suppress is a bifurcated standard of review: “giving ‘almost total deference to a trial court’s determination of historical facts’ and reviewing de novo the court’s application of the law of search and seizure.” Carmouche v. State, 10 S.W.3d 323, 327 (Tex. Crim.

55
Jackson v. Virginiared
scotus · 1979 · cited in 7 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1997–2025
2 sentences

2025STANDARD OF REVIEW The standard we apply in determining whether the evidence is sufficient to support a conviction is the standard set forth in Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319 , 99 S. Ct. 2781 , 61 L.

2025STANDARD OF REVIEW The standard we apply in determining whether the evidence is sufficient to support a conviction is the standard set forth in Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319 , 99 S. Ct. 2781 , 61 L.

37
Hernandez v. Kasco Ventures, Inc.green
texapp · 1992 · cited in 4 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1994–1996
2 sentences

1996Lear Siegler, Inc. v. Perez, 819 S.W.2d 470, 471 (Tex.1991); Nixon v. Mr. Property Management Company, Inc., 690 S.W.2d 646, 548 (Tex.1985); Hernandez v. Kasco Ventures, Inc., 832 S.W.2d 629 (Tex.App.—El Paso 1992, no writ); Marsh v. Travelers Indemnity Company of Rhode Island, 788 S.W.2d 720 (Tex.App.—El Paso 1990, writ denied).

1996Lear Siegler, Inc. v. Perez, 819 S.W.2d 470, 471 (Tex.1991); Nixon v. Mr. Property Management Co., Inc. 690 S.W.2d 546, 548 (Tex.1985); Hernandez v. Kasco Ventures, Inc., 832 S.W.2d 629, 631 (Tex.App.—El Paso 1992, no writ).

34
In the Interest of E.N.C., J.A.C., S.A.L., N.A.G. and C.G.L.green
tex · 2012 · cited in 3 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2023–2025
2 sentences

2025Code Ann. §§ 101.007 , 161.001(b); In re E.N.C., 384 S.W.3d 796, 802 (Tex. 2012) (citing In re J.F.C., 96 S.W.3d 256, 263 (Tex. 2002)) (other citations omitted).

2023STANDARD OF REVIEW The standard of proof required in cases involving termination of parental rights is clear and convincing evidence, which is “the measure or degree of proof that will produce in the mind of the trier of fact a firm belief or conviction as to the truth of the allegations sought to be established.” Id. §§ 101.007, 161.001(b); In re E.N.C., 384 S.W.3d 796, 802 (Tex. 2012) (citing In re J.F.C., 96 S.W.3d 256, 263 (Tex. 2002)) (other citations omitted).

33
City of Keller v. Wilsongreen
tex · 2005 · cited in 3 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2014–2021
2 sentences

2014LEGAL SUFFICIENCY STANDARD OF REVIEW The test for legal sufficiency is whether the evidence at trial “would enable reasonable and fair-minded people to reach the verdict under review.” City of Keller v. Wilson, 168 S.W.3d 802, 827 (Tex. 2005).

2014LEGAL SUFFICIENCY STANDARD OF REVIEW The test for legal sufficiency is whether the evidence at trial “would enable reasonable and fair-minded people to reach the verdict under review.” City of Keller v. Wilson, 168 S.W.3d 802, 827 (Tex. 2005).

33
Cathey v. Boothgreen
tex · 1995 · cited in 3 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2003–2003
2 sentences

2003See Cathey v. Booth, 900 S.W.2d 339, 341 (Tex.1995); Nixon v. Mr. Prop.

2003See Cathey v. Booth, 900 S.W.2d 339, 341 (Tex. 1995); Nixon v. Mr. Prop.

33
Nisbett, Rex Allengreen
texcrimapp · 2018 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
2 sentences

2020App. 2018); accord Nisbett v. State, 552 S.W.3d 244, 262 (Tex. Crim.

2020App. 2018); accord Nisbett v. State, 552 S.W.3d 244, 262 (Tex. Crim.

22
Arroyo v. Stategreen
· 2018 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
2 sentences

2020STANDARD OF REVIEW The standard for reviewing the legal sufficiency of the evidence to support a finding of guilt is “whether, after viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt.” Arroyo v. State, 559 S.W.3d 484, 487 (Tex. Crim.

2020STANDARD OF REVIEW The standard for reviewing the legal sufficiency of the evidence to support a finding of guilt is “whether, after viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt.” Arroyo v. State, 559 S.W.3d 484, 487 (Tex. Crim.

22
McAfee, Inc. v. Agilysys, Inc.green
texapp · 2010 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
2 sentences

2019See McAfee, Inc. v. Agilysys, Inc., 316 S.W.3d 820, 825 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2010, no pet.).

2019See McAfee, Inc. v. Agilysys, Inc., 316 S.W.3d 820, 825 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2010, no pet.).

22
Butnaru v. Ford Motor Co.green
tex · 2002 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2010–2015
2 sentences

2015Butnaru v. Ford Motor Co., 84 S.W. 3d 198, 204 (Tex. 2002); Loye v. Travelhost, Inc., 156 S.W.3d 615, 618 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2004, no pet.).

2010Butnaru v. Ford Motor Co., 84 S.W.3d 198, 204 (Tex. 2002).

22
Menefield v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 2012 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
2 sentences

2014INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL A. STANDARD OF REVIEW The test to determine the effectiveness of counsel requires Bernal to show by a preponderance of the evidence that (1) counsel’s representation fell below 6 the standard of prevailing professional norms and (2) there is a reasonable probability that, but for these unprofessional errors, the outcome of the proceeding would have been different. 5 Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 , 687–89, 104 S. Ct. 2052 , 2064–65 (1984); Menefield v. State, 363 S.W.3d 591, 592 (Tex. Crim.

2014Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 , 687–89, 104 S. Ct. 2052 , 2064–65 (1984); Menefield v. State, 363 S.W.3d 591, 592 (Tex. Crim.

22
Brooks v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 2010 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
2 sentences

2014Brooks v. State, 323 S.W.3d 893, 895 (Tex. Crim.

2014See Brooks v. State, 323 S.W.3d 893, 912 (Tex. Crim.

22
American Tobacco Co., Inc. v. Grinnellgreen
tex · 1997 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
2 sentences

2011See American Tobacco Co., Inc. v. Grinnell, 951 S.W.2d 420, 425 (Tex.1997).

2011See American Tobacco Co., Inc. v. Grinnell , 951 S.W.2d 420, 425 (Tex. 1997).

22
Shupe v. Lingafeltergreen
tex · 2006 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010Shupe v. Lingafelter, 192 S.W.3d 577, 579 (Tex. 2006) (per curiam).

2010Shupe v. Lingafelter , 192 S.W.3d 577, 579 (Tex. 2006) (per curiam).

22
Best v. Ryan Auto Group, Inc.green
tex · 1990 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
2 sentences

2006Rush v. Barrios , 56 S.W.3d 88, 94 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2001, pet. denied) (citing Best v. Ryan Auto Group, Inc ., 786 S.W.2d 670, 671 (Tex. 1990)).

2006Rush v. Barrios, 56 S.W.3d 88, 94 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 2001, pet. denied) (citing Best v. Ryan Auto Group, Inc., 786 S.W.2d 670, 671 (Tex.1990)).

22
Rush v. Barriosgreen
texapp · 2001 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
2 sentences

2006Rush v. Barrios , 56 S.W.3d 88, 94 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2001, pet. denied) (citing Best v. Ryan Auto Group, Inc ., 786 S.W.2d 670, 671 (Tex. 1990)).

2006Rush v. Barrios, 56 S.W.3d 88, 94 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 2001, pet. denied) (citing Best v. Ryan Auto Group, Inc., 786 S.W.2d 670, 671 (Tex.1990)).

22
Dugan v. Compass Bankgreen
texapp · 2003 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005Champion Int’l Corp. v. Twelfth Court of Appeals , 762 S.W.2d 898, 899 (Tex. 1988) (orig. proceeding); Dugan v. Compass Bank , 129 S.W.3d 579, 582 (Tex.App.--Dallas 2003, no pet.).

2005Champion Int’l Corp. v. Twelfth Court of Appeals, 762 S.W.2d 898, 899 (Tex.1988) (orig.proceeding); Dugan v. Compass Bank, 129 S.W.3d 579, 582 (Tex.App.-Dallas 2003, no pet .).

22
Champion International Corp. v. Twelfth Court of Appealsgreen
tex · 1988 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005Champion Int’l Corp. v. Twelfth Court of Appeals , 762 S.W.2d 898, 899 (Tex. 1988) (orig. proceeding); Dugan v. Compass Bank , 129 S.W.3d 579, 582 (Tex.App.--Dallas 2003, no pet.).

2005Champion Int’l Corp. v. Twelfth Court of Appeals, 762 S.W.2d 898, 899 (Tex.1988) (orig.proceeding); Dugan v. Compass Bank, 129 S.W.3d 579, 582 (Tex.App.-Dallas 2003, no pet .).

22
Villarreal v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 1996 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2002–2003
2 sentences

2003Villareal v. State , 935 S.W.2d 134, 138 (Tex. Crim.

2002Villarreal v. State , 935 S.W.2d 134, 138 (Tex. Crim.

22
Larsen v. Carlene Langford & Associates, Inc.green
texapp · 2001 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
2 sentences

2001Nixon v. Mr. Property Management Co., 690 S.W.2d 546, 548-49 (Tex.1985); Larsen v. Carlene Langford & Assoes., 41 S.W.3d 245, 248-249 (Tex.App.—Waco 2001, pet. denied).

2001Nixon v. Mr. Property Management Co., 690 S.W.2d 546, 548-49 (Tex.1985); Larsen v. Carlene Langford & Assocs., 41 S.W.3d 245, 248-249 (Tex.App.-Waco 2001, pet. denied).

22
Skillern v. Stategreen
texapp · 1995 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
2 sentences

1998See Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319 , 99 S.Ct. 2781 , 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979); Skillern v. State, 890 S.W.2d 849, 879 (Tex.App.—Austin 1994, pet. ref'd).

1998See Jackson v. Virginia , 443 U.S. 307, 319 (1979); Skillern v. State , 890 S.W.2d 849, 879 (Tex. App.--Austin 1994, pet. ref'd).

22
Texas Department of Parks & Wildlife v. Mirandagreen
tex · 2004 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025See Tex. Dep’t of Parks & Wildlife v. Miranda, 133 S.W.3d 217, 226 (Tex. 2004).2 2 The sole error raised on appeal is the trial court erred in granting TTU’s plea to the jurisdiction. 3 ANALYSIS Section 101.106(f) of the Texas Tort Claims Act provides a procedural mechanism to ensure suits against governmental employees based on actions within the scope of employment are redirected to the proper party—the governmental entity itself.

11
Martin v. Stategreen
texapp · 2005 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
1 sentence

2022See Martin v. State, 176 S.W.3d 887, 897 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2005, no pet.).

11
Cluck v. Commission for Lawyer Disciplinegreen
texapp · 2007 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
11
Thawer v. Commission for Lawyer Disciplinegreen
texapp · 2017 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
11
Sauceda v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 2004 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
11
Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission v. IT-Davygreen
tex · 2002 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Shah v. Mossgreen
tex · 2002 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Mayhew v. Town of Sunnyvalegreen
tex · 1998 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Joyner v. Joynergreen
texapp · 2011 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Tenet Health Ltd. v. Zamoragreen
texapp · 2000 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Krause v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 2013 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Barnum v. Munson, Munson, Pierce & Cardwell, P.C.green
texapp · 1999 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Lowenberg v. City of Dallasgreen
tex · 2008 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Loye v. Travelhost, Inc.green
texapp · 2004 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Harbor Perfusion, Inc. v. Floydgreen
texapp · 2001 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Texas. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (10)

CaseCitedYears
Strickland v. Washington green
scotus · 1984
2 sentences

2014INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL A. STANDARD OF REVIEW The test to determine the effectiveness of counsel requires Bernal to show by a preponderance of the evidence that (1) counsel’s representation fell below 6 the standard of prevailing professional norms and (2) there is a reasonable probability that, but for these unprofessional errors, the outcome of the proceeding would have been different. 5 Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 , 687–89, 104 S. Ct. 2052 , 2064–65 (1984); Menefield v. State, 363 S.W.3d 591, 592 (Tex. Crim.

2014INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL A. STANDARD OF REVIEW The test to determine the effectiveness of counsel requires Bernal to show by a preponderance of the evidence that (1) counsel’s representation fell below 6 the standard of prevailing professional norms and (2) there is a reasonable probability that, but for these unprofessional errors, the outcome of the proceeding would have been different. 5 Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 , 687–89, 104 S. Ct. 2052 , 2064–65 (1984); Menefield v. State, 363 S.W.3d 591, 592 (Tex. Crim.

41996–2014
Guzman v. State green
texcrimapp · 1997
2 sentences

2021App. 2000) (quoting Guzman v. State, 955 S.W.2d 85 , 88–89 (Tex. Crim.

2021App. 2000) (quoting Guzman v. State, 955 S.W.2d 85 , 88–89 (Tex. Crim.

22021–2021
Griggs v. Capitol MacHine Works, Inc. green
tex · 1985
1 sentence

2023Downer v. Aquamarine Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238 , 241–42 (Tex. 1985).

12023–2023
Almanza v. State green
texcrimapp · 1985
12015–2015
Haines v. Kerner green
scotus · 1972
12015–2015
Walling v. Metcalfe green
tex · 1993
12015–2015
Minuteman Press International, Inc. v. Sparks green
texapp · 1989
12004–2004
Johnson v. State green
texcrimapp · 2000
12001–2001
Clewis v. State red
texcrimapp · 1996
12001–2001
Marsh v. Travelers Indemnity Co. of Rhode Island green
texapp · 1990
11996–1996

Statutes the citing opinions construe

TX § Tex. Fam. Code § 161.001 (6) USC § 42u.s.c.1983 (5) TX § Tex. Fam. Code § 109.002 (4)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

TX 108 (1989–2025) MI 102 (2000–2026) KY 90 (2004–2026) LA 68 (1993–2026) ID 57 (1990–2026) WV 54 (1996–2026) TN 52 (1996–2024) NE 40 (1989–2023) DE 31 (2015–2025) MD 31 (1991–2026) FL 31 (2004–2025) MT 30 (1993–2021) CA 28 (1986–2025) SC 21 (2001–2026) MO 21 (1993–2022) VI 19 (2005–2016) UT 16 (1987–2011) WY 15 (1992–2016) WA 14 (2002–2026) IL 12 (1991–2009) PA 9 (1989–2021) SD 9 (1987–1999) CT 8 (1991–2002) IN 8 (1994–2013) KS 6 (1991–2010) HI 5 (1995–2018) AK 5 (1991–2025) NC 4 (2009–2010) WI 3 (1988–1993) VA 3 (2020–2023) MS 3 (1996–2005) IA 2 (2015–2023) DC 2 (1998–2000) NM 2 (1995–1995) OH 2 (1999–1999) RI 2 (2002–2005)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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