92 Washington opinions name it 2 courts 1986–2026 13 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by Washington courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
Mathews v. Eldridgegreen2 sentences2024See Fields v. Dep’t of Early Learning, 193 Wn.2d 36 , 45, 434 P.3d 999 (2019) (“Our analysis of Fields’s federal procedural due process claim is guided by the Mathews test”) (citing Mathews v. Eldridge, 424 U.S. 319, 335 , 96 S. Ct. 893 , 47 L. 2024See Fields v. Dep’t of Early Learning, 193 Wn.2d 36 , 45, 434 P.3d 999 (2019) (“Our analysis of Fields’s federal procedural due process claim is guided by the Mathews test”) (citing Mathews v. Eldridge, 424 U.S. 319, 335 , 96 S. Ct. 893 , 47 L. | 9 | 50 |
Department of Social & Health Services v. Luakgreen2 sentences2016In considering whether to appoint counsel for a child in a termination hearing, the trial court must conduct a three-part balancing test.11 The United States Supreme Court developed that test in Mathews v. Eldridqe as the appropriate framework for measuring the necessary protections of procedural due process.12 That test requires that the court weigh three factors: (1) the private interests at stake in a given proceeding; (2) the government's interest; and (3) the risk that the extant procedures will lead to erroneous deprivations of a private right.13 The Washington supreme court recently app 2016In considering whether to appoint counsel for a child in a termination hearing, the trial court must conduct a three-part balancing test.11 The United States Supreme Court developed that test in Mathews v. Eldridqe as the appropriate framework for measuring the necessary protections of procedural due process.12 That test requires that the court weigh three factors: (1) the private interests at stake in a given proceeding; (2) the government's interest; and (3) the risk that the extant procedures will lead to erroneous deprivations of a private right.13 The Washington supreme court recently app | 3 | 6 |
Moore v. Superior Courtgreen2 sentences2014See, e.g., Moore, 237 P.3d at 543-47 . ¶45 A complete Mathews analysis supports the conclusion that procedural due process requires an accused SVP be competent to stand trial. 2014See, e.g., Moore, 237 P.3d at 543-47 . ¶45 A complete Mathews analysis supports the conclusion that procedural due process requires an accused SVP be competent to stand trial. | 3 | 3 |
State v. Stoutgreen2 sentences2024Procedural Due Process “Procedural due process requires that when the State seeks to deprive a person of a protected interest, the State provides the individual adequate notice of the deprivation and a meaningful opportunity to be heard.” Beaver, 184 Wn.2d at 336 . 9 No. 57332-6-II “In determining what procedural due process requires in a given context, we employ the Mathews test, which balances: (1) the private interest affected, (2) the risk of erroneous deprivation of that interest through existing procedures and the probable value, if any, of additional procedural safeguards, and (3) the g 2024Procedural Due Process “Procedural due process requires that when the State seeks to deprive a person of a protected interest, the State provides the individual adequate notice of the deprivation and a meaningful opportunity to be heard.” Beaver, 184 Wn.2d at 336 . 9 No. 57332-6-II “In determining what procedural due process requires in a given context, we employ the Mathews test, which balances: (1) the private interest affected, (2) the risk of erroneous deprivation of that interest through existing procedures and the probable value, if any, of additional procedural safeguards, and (3) the g | 2 | 11 |
Nguyen v. Department of Healthgreen2 sentences2014Courts generally apply the Mathews test to determine whether minimum constitutional due process is met in a variety of procedural situations. 12 No. 43552 -7 -II Nguyen, 144 Wn.2d at 526 ( citing Mathews, 424 U. S. at 335 ). 2014Courts generally apply the Mathews test to determine whether minimum constitutional due process is met in a variety of procedural situations. 12 No. 43552 -7 -II Nguyen, 144 Wn.2d at 526 ( citing Mathews, 424 U. S. at 335 ). | 2 | 6 |
Fields v. Wash. Dep't of Early Learninggreen2 sentences2024See Fields v. Dep’t of Early Learning, 193 Wn.2d 36 , 45, 434 P.3d 999 (2019) (“Our analysis of Fields’s federal procedural due process claim is guided by the Mathews test”) (citing Mathews v. Eldridge, 424 U.S. 319, 335 , 96 S. Ct. 893 , 47 L. 2024See Fields v. Dep’t of Early Learning, 193 Wn.2d 36 , 45, 434 P.3d 999 (2019) (“Our analysis of Fields’s federal procedural due process claim is guided by the Mathews test”) (citing Mathews v. Eldridge, 424 U.S. 319, 335 , 96 S. Ct. 893 , 47 L. | 2 | 3 |
| Spencer v. Texasgreen | 2 | 2 |
| cluster 754792green | 2 | 2 |
| Richard Stypmann v. The City and County of San Franciscogreen | 2 | 2 |
| Painter v. Abelsgreen | 2 | 2 |
Medina v. Californiagreen2 sentences2013State v. Heddrick, 166 Wn. d 898, 904 n. ,215 P. d 201 (2009).Instead, it applied the 2 3 3 due process analysis found in Medina v. California, 505 U. .437, 443, 112 S. Ct. 2572 , 120 L. 2013State v. Heddrick, 166 Wn. d 898, 904 n. ,215 P. d 201 (2009).Instead, it applied the 2 3 3 due process analysis found in Medina v. California, 505 U. .437, 443, 112 S. Ct. 2572 , 120 L. | 1 | 6 |
City of Bellevue v. Leegreen2 sentences2020The three factors of the Mathews test are “(1) the potentially affected interest; (2) the risk of an erroneous deprivation of that interest through the challenged procedures, and 9 No. 79458-2-I/10 probable value of additional procedural safeguards; and (3) the government’s interest, including the potential burden of additional procedures.” Id. 2020The three factors of the Mathews test are “(1) the potentially affected interest; (2) the risk of an erroneous deprivation of that interest through the challenged procedures, and 9 No. 79458-2-I/10 probable value of additional procedural safeguards; and (3) the government’s interest, including the potential burden of additional procedures.” Id. | 1 | 5 |
City of Bellevue v. Leegreen2 sentences2021See City of Bellevue v. Lee, 166 Wn.2d 581, 585 , 210 P.3d 1011 (2009) (appellate courts apply the balancing test set forth in Mathews v. Eldridge, 424 U.S. 319, 335 , 96 S. Ct. 893 , 47 L. 2021See City of Bellevue v. Lee, 166 Wn.2d 581, 585 , 210 P.3d 1011 (2009) (appellate courts apply the balancing test set forth in Mathews v. Eldridge, 424 U.S. 319, 335 , 96 S. Ct. 893 , 47 L. | 1 | 4 |
Lassiter v. Department of Social Servs. of Durham Cty.green2 sentences2018Finally, while the United States Supreme Court in Lassiter held that the Mathews test was appropriate for a case-by-case determination of whether an indigent parent in a termination proceeding was entitled to counsel, it held that courts must then set the net weight of the Mathews elements against the presumption that there is a right to appointed counsel only where the requester's personal freedom is at risk. 16 In re Dependency ofE.H. and S.K.-P. No. 94798-8 (consolidated with No. 94970-1) Lassiter, 452 U.S. at 27 . 2018Finally, while the United States Supreme Court in Lassiter held that the Mathews test was appropriate for a case-by-case determination of whether an indigent parent in a termination proceeding was entitled to counsel, it held that courts must then set the net weight of the Mathews elements against the presumption that there is a right to appointed counsel only where the requester's personal freedom is at risk. 16 In re Dependency ofE.H. and S.K.-P. No. 94798-8 (consolidated with No. 94970-1) Lassiter, 452 U.S. at 27 . | 1 | 4 |
Tellevik v. Real Property Known as 31641green2 sentences2014Rutherford St., 120 Wn.2d 68, 78 , 838 P.2d 111 (1992) (adopting and applying the Mathews test). ¶19 The analysis in Post illustrates the application of the Mathews test in a setting similar, but not identical, to that presented here. 2014Rutherford St., 120 Wn.2d 68, 78 , 838 P.2d 111 (1992) (adopting and applying the Mathews test). ¶19 The analysis in Post illustrates the application of the Mathews test in a setting similar, but not identical, to that presented here. | 1 | 4 |
Addington v. Texasgreen2 sentences2012Ed. 2d 323 (1979), which in turn relied upon the Mathews factors, see id. at 425-27 . 2012Ed. 2d 323 (1979), which in turn relied upon the Mathews factors, see id. at 425-27 . | 1 | 4 |
In Re the Welfare of Lusciergreen2 sentences2018Because the Mathews test is adequate to ensure procedural due process protections under both the state and federal constitutions, the question of RCW 13.34.100(7)(a)'s constitutionality under either is largely the same. ^ The continued viability of the state constitutional analysis ofIn re Welfare ofMyricks, 85 Wn.2d 252, 255 , 533 P.2d 841 (1975) and/« re Welfare ofLuscier, 84 Wn.2d 135, 138 , 524 P.2d 906 (1974)is not presented in this ease, nor is it questioned by this opinion. 2018Because the Mathews test is adequate to ensure procedural due process protections under both the state and federal constitutions, the question of RCW 13.34.100(7)(a)'s constitutionality under either is largely the same. ^ The continued viability of the state constitutional analysis ofIn re Welfare ofMyricks, 85 Wn.2d 252, 255 , 533 P.2d 841 (1975) and/« re Welfare ofLuscier, 84 Wn.2d 135, 138 , 524 P.2d 906 (1974)is not presented in this ease, nor is it questioned by this opinion. | 1 | 2 |
Post v. City of Tacomagreen2 sentences2014Post, 167 Wn.2d at 313 ( quoting Mathews, 424 U. S. at 335 ); see also Tellevik v. Real Prop., 120 Wn.2d 68, 78 , 838 P. 2d 111 ( 1992) ( adopting and applying the Mathews test). 2014Post, 167 Wn.2d at 313 ( quoting Mathews, 424 U. S. at 335 ); see also Tellevik v. Real Prop., 120 Wn.2d 68, 78 , 838 P. 2d 111 ( 1992) ( adopting and applying the Mathews test). | 1 | 2 |
| cluster 702383green | 1 | 2 |
| In the Interest of M.D., K.T., G.A., E.A. and S.A., Minor Childrengreen | 1 | 1 |
| State v. McConvillegreen | 1 | 1 |
| State of Wyoming, Department of Family Services v. Tanya S. Currier and Ronnie Hauckgreen | 1 | 1 |
| Housing Authority v. Saylorsgreen | 1 | 1 |
| In re the Personal Restraint of Dyergreen | 1 | 1 |
| In Re Dyergreen | 1 | 1 |
| Jones v. United Statesgreen | 1 | 1 |
| In re the Welfare of L.R.green | 1 | 1 |
| Darrow v. Department of Social & Health Servicesgreen | 1 | 1 |
| Born v. Thompsongreen | 1 | 1 |
| State v. Brousseaugreen | 1 | 1 |
| State v. Brousseaugreen | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Washington. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
City of Redmond v. Moore
green
2 sentences2005Applying the Mathews test, we found the statutes violated due process “because they do not provide adequate procedural safeguards to ensure against the erroneous deprivation of a driver’s interest in the continued use and possession of his or her driver’s license.” Moore, 151 Wn.2d at 677 . 2005Applying the Mathews test, we found the statutes violated due process “because they do not provide adequate procedural safeguards to ensure against the erroneous deprivation of a driver’s interest in the continued use and possession of his or her driver’s license.” Moore, 151 Wn.2d at 677 . | 7 | 2005–2023 |
Santosky v. Kramer
green
2 sentences2005Disciplinary Bd. v. Johnston, 99 Wash.2d 466, 474 , 663 P.2d 457 (1983). [9] 424 U.S. 319 , 96 S.Ct. 893 , 47 L.Ed.2d 18 (1976). [10] Id. at 335 , 96 S.Ct. 893 . [11] 441 U.S. 418 , 99 S.Ct. 1804 , 60 L.Ed.2d 323 (1979). [12] 455 U.S. 745 , 102 S.Ct. 1388 , 71 L.Ed.2d 599 (1982). [13] The Washington Supreme Court has observed that the Mathews factors "have some uneven relevance and application" to the burden of proof issue. 2005Disciplinary Bd. v. Johnston, 99 Wash.2d 466, 474 , 663 P.2d 457 (1983). [9] 424 U.S. 319 , 96 S.Ct. 893 , 47 L.Ed.2d 18 (1976). [10] Id. at 335 , 96 S.Ct. 893 . [11] 441 U.S. 418 , 99 S.Ct. 1804 , 60 L.Ed.2d 323 (1979). [12] 455 U.S. 745 , 102 S.Ct. 1388 , 71 L.Ed.2d 599 (1982). [13] The Washington Supreme Court has observed that the Mathews factors "have some uneven relevance and application" to the burden of proof issue. | 6 | 2001–2006 |
In Re Detention of Stout
green
2 sentences2024Procedural Due Process “Procedural due process requires that when the State seeks to deprive a person of a protected interest, the State provides the individual adequate notice of the deprivation and a meaningful opportunity to be heard.” Beaver, 184 Wn.2d at 336 . 9 No. 57332-6-II “In determining what procedural due process requires in a given context, we employ the Mathews test, which balances: (1) the private interest affected, (2) the risk of erroneous deprivation of that interest through existing procedures and the probable value, if any, of additional procedural safeguards, and (3) the g 2024Procedural Due Process “Procedural due process requires that when the State seeks to deprive a person of a protected interest, the State provides the individual adequate notice of the deprivation and a meaningful opportunity to be heard.” Beaver, 184 Wn.2d at 336 . 9 No. 57332-6-II “In determining what procedural due process requires in a given context, we employ the Mathews test, which balances: (1) the private interest affected, (2) the risk of erroneous deprivation of that interest through existing procedures and the probable value, if any, of additional procedural safeguards, and (3) the g | 5 | 2011–2024 |
City of Redmond v. Moore
green
2 sentences2005Applying the Mathews test, we found the statutes violated due process "because they do not provide adequate procedural safeguards to ensure against the erroneous deprivation of a driver's interest in the continued use and possession of his or her driver's license." Moore, 151 Wash.2d at 677 , 91 P.3d 875 . 2005Applying the Mathews test, we found the statutes violated due process "because they do not provide adequate procedural safeguards to ensure against the erroneous deprivation of a driver's interest in the continued use and possession of his or her driver's license." Moore, 151 Wash.2d at 677 , 91 P.3d 875 . | 5 | 2005–2023 |
Nguyen v. STATE HEALTH MED. QUALITY ASSUR.
green
2 sentences2020See Fields v. Dep’t of Early Learning, 193 Wn.2d 36 , 52, 434 P.3d 999 (2019) (plurality opinion) (holding that Fields’ automatic disqualification from working at a licensed child care facility violated procedural due process and remanding for an individualized decision); Nguyen v. Dep’t of Health, 144 Wn.2d 516, 534 , 29 P.3d 689 (2001) (holding that due process required a higher quantum of proof to revoke a medical doctor’s license, vacating the Medical Quality Assurance Commission’s revocation decision, and remanding to the commission for a new decision using the higher standard). 2020See Fields v. Dep’t of Early Learning, 193 Wn.2d 36 , 52, 434 P.3d 999 (2019) (plurality opinion) (holding that Fields’ automatic disqualification from working at a licensed child care facility violated procedural due process and remanding for an individualized decision); Nguyen v. Dep’t of Health, 144 Wn.2d 516, 534 , 29 P.3d 689 (2001) (holding that due process required a higher quantum of proof to revoke a medical doctor’s license, vacating the Medical Quality Assurance Commission’s revocation decision, and remanding to the commission for a new decision using the higher standard). | 5 | 2005–2020 |
Matter of Personal Restraint of Young
red
2 sentences2011Restraint of Young, 122 Wash.2d 1, 26 , 857 P.2d 989 (1993). ¶ 27 Accordingly, the Mathews factors weigh in favor of the State. 2011Restraint of Young, 122 Wash.2d 1, 26 , 857 P.2d 989 (1993). ¶ 27 Accordingly, the Mathews factors weigh in favor of the State. | 4 | 2007–2011 |
State v. Maule
green
2 sentences2011Under the Mathews framework, a court determines the procedural safeguards to which an individual is entitled by balancing "`(1) the significance of the private interest to be protected; (2) the risk of erroneous deprivation of that interest through the procedures used; and (3) the fiscal and administrative burdens that the additional procedural safeguards would entail.'" State v. Maule, 112 Wash.App. 887, 893 , 51 P.3d 811 , 77 P.3d 362 (2002) (quoting Stone v. Prosser Consol. 2011Under the Mathews framework, a court determines the procedural safeguards to which an individual is entitled by balancing "`(1) the significance of the private interest to be protected; (2) the risk of erroneous deprivation of that interest through the procedures used; and (3) the fiscal and administrative burdens that the additional procedural safeguards would entail.'" State v. Maule, 112 Wash.App. 887, 893 , 51 P.3d 811 , 77 P.3d 362 (2002) (quoting Stone v. Prosser Consol. | 3 | 2011–2022 |
State v. Maule
green
2 sentences2022Under the Mathews test, a court determines the procedural safeguards to which an individual is entitled by balancing “(1) the significance of the private interest to be protected; (2) the risk of erroneous deprivation of that interest through the procedures used; and (3) the fiscal and administrative burdens that the additional procedural safeguards would entail.” State v. Maule, 112 Wn. 2022Under the Mathews test, a court determines the procedural safeguards to which an individual is entitled by balancing “(1) the significance of the private interest to be protected; (2) the risk of erroneous deprivation of that interest through the procedures used; and (3) the fiscal and administrative burdens that the additional procedural safeguards would entail.” State v. Maule, 112 Wn. | 3 | 2011–2022 |
Downey v. Pierce County
green
2 sentences2015The ordinance required a cited dog owner to pay $250 to obtain an informal, unrecorded auditor's review.51 If the auditor upheld the DAD, a dog owner who wished to appeal had to pay an additional $500 to obtain a full evidentiary review before a hearing officer.52 The court found that pet owners have "arguably more than a mere economic interest because pets are not fungible."53 The court also found that the county's procedures to issue and review a DAD were insufficient under the Mathews factors, especially because the initial fee did not cover a constitutionally adequate evidentiary review.54 2015The ordinance required a cited dog owner to pay $250 to obtain an informal, unrecorded auditor's review.51 If the auditor upheld the DAD, a dog owner who wished to appeal had to pay an additional $500 to obtain a full evidentiary review before a hearing officer.52 The court found that pet owners have "arguably more than a mere economic interest because pets are not fungible."53 The court also found that the county's procedures to issue and review a DAD were insufficient under the Mathews factors, especially because the initial fee did not cover a constitutionally adequate evidentiary review.54 | 3 | 2012–2015 |
In re Dependency of E.H.
green
2 sentences2019Additionally, RCW 13.34.100(7)(a) states that "[t]he court may appoint an attorney to represent the child's position in any dependency action on its own initiative, or upon the request of a parent, the child, a guardian ad litem, a caregiver, or the department." "In determining whether counsel is required, courts are to apply the Mathews factors on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the specific interests at risk in each instance, the additional decisional accuracy that would be afforded by appointing an attorney, and the government's interest in not appointing counsel." In re Dependenc 2019Additionally, RCW 13.34.100(7)(a) states that "[t]he court may appoint an attorney to represent the child's position in any dependency action on its own initiative, or upon the request of a parent, the child, a guardian ad litem, a caregiver, or the department." "In determining whether counsel is required, courts are to apply the Mathews factors on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the specific interests at risk in each instance, the additional decisional accuracy that would be afforded by appointing an attorney, and the government's interest in not appointing counsel." In re Dependenc | 2 | 2019–2019 |
State v. Gunwall
green
2 sentences2018State v. Gunwall, 106 Wash.2d 54 , 62, 720 P.2d 808 (1986). ¶ 8 Beginning from the premise that there is no federal due process right to appointed counsel for all children in dependency cases, the court analyzed the Mathews factors as applied to E.H.'s case individually. 2018State v. Gunwall, 106 Wash.2d 54 , 62, 720 P.2d 808 (1986). ¶ 8 Beginning from the premise that there is no federal due process right to appointed counsel for all children in dependency cases, the court analyzed the Mathews factors as applied to E.H.'s case individually. | 2 | 2006–2018 |
Green v. Hooper
green
2 sentences2014As to the second factor, we do not see that trying Leek on the personality disorder alternative risked an erroneous deprivation of that liberty. ¶21 We are guided to this conclusion, in part, by CR 15(b), which provides that “[w]hen issues not raised by the pleadings are tried by express or implied consent of the parties, they shall be treated in all respects as if they had been raised in the pleadings.” The rule adds that the failure to formally amend the pleadings “does not affect the result of the trial of these issues.” CR 15(b); Green v. Hooper, 149 Wn. 2014As to the second factor, we do not see that trying Leek on the personality disorder alternative risked an erroneous deprivation of that liberty. ¶21 We are guided to this conclusion, in part, by CR 15(b), which provides that “[w]hen issues not raised by the pleadings are tried by express or implied consent of the parties, they shall be treated in all respects as if they had been raised in the pleadings.” The rule adds that the failure to formally amend the pleadings “does not affect the result of the trial of these issues.” CR 15(b); Green v. Hooper, 149 Wn. | 2 | 2013–2014 |
State v. Heddrick
green
2 sentences2013State v. Heddrick, 166 Wn.2d 898 , 904 n. 3, 215 P. 3d 201 ( 2009). 2013State v. Heddrick, 166 Wn.2d 898 , 904 n. 3, 215 P. 3d 201 ( 2009). | 2 | 2010–2013 |
Eidson v. Department of Licensing
green
2 sentences2013The three Mathews factors are (1) private interest at stake, 2) risk the ( the of erroneous deprivation, and (3) government interest. 424 U. .at 335. the S 6 No. 42992 6 II - - administrative hearings that affect an individual's ability to engage in [his or] her occupation of choice." Hardee, 172 Wn. d at 9 (citing Eidson v. Dep't of Licensing, 108 Wn. 2005Nguyen v. State, Dep't of Health, 144 Wash.2d 516, 526 , 29 P.3d 689 (2001) (citing Santosky, 455 U.S. at 747 , 102 S.Ct. 1388 ). [14] Id. [15] 144 Wash.2d at 522 , 29 P.3d 689 . [16] 144 Wash.2d at 527-33 , 29 P.3d 689 . [17] Addington, 441 U.S. at 423 , 99 S.Ct. 1804 (quoting In re Winship, 397 U.S. 358, 370 , 90 S.Ct. 1068 , 25 L.Ed.2d 368 (1970) (Harlan, J., concurring)). [18] 108 Wash.App. 712, 720-21 , 32 P.3d 1039 (2001). [19] We are aware that Division Two of this court has broadly interpreted Nguyen to apply to all professional disciplinary proceedings. | 2 | 2005–2013 |
State v. Heddrick
green
2 sentences2013State v. Heddrick, 166 Wn.2d 898 , 904 n. 3, 215 P. 3d 201 ( 2009). 2013State v. Heddrick, 166 Wn.2d 898 , 904 n. 3, 215 P. 3d 201 ( 2009). | 2 | 2010–2013 |
Morrissey v. Brewer
green
2 sentences2011Inasmuch as the due process *582 clause of the Fourteenth Amendment provides a floor under which the State may not fall below, a Mathews analysis does provide a useful baseline for determining whether due process requires appointed counsel for children at initial truancy hearings. ¶ 34 "`[D]ue process is flexible and calls for such procedural protections as the particular situation demands.'" Mathews, 424 U.S. at 334 , 96 S.Ct. 893 (alteration in original) (quoting Morrissey v. Brewer, 408 U.S. 471, 481 , 92 S.Ct. 2593 , 33 L.Ed.2d 484 (1972)). 2011Inasmuch as the due process *582 clause of the Fourteenth Amendment provides a floor under which the State may not fall below, a Mathews analysis does provide a useful baseline for determining whether due process requires appointed counsel for children at initial truancy hearings. ¶ 34 "`[D]ue process is flexible and calls for such procedural protections as the particular situation demands.'" Mathews, 424 U.S. at 334 , 96 S.Ct. 893 (alteration in original) (quoting Morrissey v. Brewer, 408 U.S. 471, 481 , 92 S.Ct. 2593 , 33 L.Ed.2d 484 (1972)). | 2 | 2011–2011 |
| Soundgarden v. Eikenberry green | 2 | 2010–2010 |
| Gourley v. Gourley green | 2 | 2010–2010 |
| In re the Marriage of King green | 2 | 2010–2010 |
| Gourley v. Gourley green | 2 | 2010–2010 |
| King v. King green | 2 | 2010–2010 |
| Armstrong v. Manzo green | 2 | 2009–2009 |
| Morris v. Blaker green | 2 | 2009–2009 |
| Goldberg v. Kelly green | 2 | 2006–2006 |
| Rabon v. City of Seattle green | 2 | 2001–2001 |
| Marshall v. Jerrico, Inc. green | 2 | 2001–2001 |
| State v. Beaver green | 1 | 2024–2024 |
| Nelson v. Colorado green | 1 | 2024–2024 |
| In re the Detention of Johnson green | 1 | 2023–2023 |
| Johnson v. City of Seattle neutral | 1 | 2023–2023 |
| Aiken v. Aiken green | 1 | 2022–2022 |
| Doggett v. United States green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| In re the Detention of Morgan green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| In re the Detention of Coe green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| Vitek v. Jones green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| In the Interest of J.O. green | 1 | 2020–2020 |
| U. S. Bank N. A. v. Village at Lakeridge, LLC green | 1 | 2018–2018 |
| In Re the Welfare of Myricks green | 1 | 2018–2018 |
| State v. Houston-Sconiers green | 1 | 2018–2018 |
| Stanley v. Illinois green | 1 | 2016–2016 |
Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.