fairness standard (Massachusetts) · Go Syfert
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fairness standard in Massachusetts

9 Massachusetts opinions name it 3 courts 1973–2018 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Massachusetts courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (11)

CaseFollowedCited
Carney v. Attorney Generalgreen
mass · 2006 · cited in 1 Massachusetts opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
2 sentences

2018See Gray, 474 Mass. at 644-645 , quoting Carney, 447 Mass. at 226, 230-231 .

2018See Gray , 474 Mass. at 644 -645 , 52 N.E.3d 1065 , quoting Carney , 447 Mass. at 226 , 230-231 , 850 N.E.2d 521 .

11
Gray v. Attorney Generalgreen
mass · 2016 · cited in 1 Massachusetts opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
2 sentences

2018See Gray , 474 Mass. at 644 -645 , 52 N.E.3d 1065 , quoting Carney , 447 Mass. at 226 , 230-231 , 850 N.E.2d 521 .

2018See Gray , 474 Mass. at 644 -645 , 52 N.E.3d 1065 , quoting Carney , 447 Mass. at 226 , 230-231 , 850 N.E.2d 521 .

11
Cinerama, Inc. v. Technicolor, Inc.green
del · 1995 · cited in 1 Massachusetts opinions naming this issue, 2012–2012
2 sentences

2012Rather, the transaction itself must be objectively fair, independent of the board’s beliefs.” Reis at 459 (emphasis in original), quoting Wait Disney, 906 A.2d at 52 ; Cinerama, Inc. v. Technicolor, Inc., 663 A.2d 1156, 1163 (Del. 1995); and Gesoff v. IIC Indus., Inc., 902 A.2d 1130, 1145 (Del.Ch. 2006). “[I]f actual self-interest is present and affects a majority of directors approving a transaction, the entire fairness standard applies.” Cinerama, Inc. v. Technicolor, Inc., 663 A.2d 1156, 1168 (Del. 1995).

2012Rather, the transaction itself must be objectively fair, independent of the board’s beliefs.” Reis at 459 (emphasis in original), quoting Wait Disney, 906 A.2d at 52 ; Cinerama, Inc. v. Technicolor, Inc., 663 A.2d 1156, 1163 (Del. 1995); and Gesoff v. IIC Indus., Inc., 902 A.2d 1130, 1145 (Del.Ch. 2006). “[I]f actual self-interest is present and affects a majority of directors approving a transaction, the entire fairness standard applies.” Cinerama, Inc. v. Technicolor, Inc., 663 A.2d 1156, 1168 (Del. 1995).

11
Gesoff v. IIC Industries, Inc.green
delch · 2006 · cited in 1 Massachusetts opinions naming this issue, 2012–2012
1 sentence

2012Rather, the transaction itself must be objectively fair, independent of the board’s beliefs.” Reis at 459 (emphasis in original), quoting Wait Disney, 906 A.2d at 52 ; Cinerama, Inc. v. Technicolor, Inc., 663 A.2d 1156, 1163 (Del. 1995); and Gesoff v. IIC Indus., Inc., 902 A.2d 1130, 1145 (Del.Ch. 2006). “[I]f actual self-interest is present and affects a majority of directors approving a transaction, the entire fairness standard applies.” Cinerama, Inc. v. Technicolor, Inc., 663 A.2d 1156, 1168 (Del. 1995).

11
Schaer v. Brandeis Universitygreen
mass · 2000 · cited in 1 Massachusetts opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
1 sentence

2010Schaer v. Brandeis Univ., 432 Mass. 474, 481 (2000).

11
Saporita v. Litnergreen
mass · 1976 · cited in 1 Massachusetts opinions naming this issue, 2009–2009
1 sentence

2009To the extent that Massachusetts law may require a fairness analysis under International Shoe, cf. Saporita v. Litner, 371 Mass. 607, 617-18 (1976), the Court addresses the issue below.

11
Emerald Partners v. Berlingreen
del · 2001 · cited in 1 Massachusetts opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
1 sentence

2006Cf. Emerald Partners v. Berlin, 787 A.2d 85, 92 (Del. 2001) (“if the shareholder complaint alleges only a duty of care violation, the entry of a monetary judgment following a finding of unfairness would be uncol-lectible [and] a trial pursuant to the entire fairness standard of review [to prove that the challenged transaction was entirely fair to the shareholder plaintiff] would serve no useful purpose”).

11
MUNICIPAL LIGHT CO, ASHBURNHAM v. Commonwealthgreen
massappct · 1993 · cited in 1 Massachusetts opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
1 sentence

2004See, e.g., Municipal Light Co. v. Commonwealth, 34 Mass. App. Ct. 162, 166 (1993).

11
Dalis v. Buyer Advertising, Inc.green
mass · 1994 · cited in 1 Massachusetts opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
2 sentences

2002See Dalis, supra, 418 Mass. at 225 . 1 It was for these reasons that the court entered its August 16, 2002, order denying the motions for summary judgment by Arnica Insurance Co. and Thomas A. Whooters.

2002See Dalis, supra, 418 Mass. at 225 . 1 It was for these reasons that the court entered its August 16, 2002, order denying the motions for summary judgment by Arnica Insurance Co. and Thomas A. Whooters.

11
Whitehall Co. v. Barlettagreen
mass · 1989 · cited in 1 Massachusetts opinions naming this issue, 1993–1993
1 sentence

1993Whitehall Co., Ltd. v. Barletta, 404 Mass. 497, 500-03 (1989).

11
Parklane Hosiery Co. v. Shoregreen
scotus · 1979 · cited in 1 Massachusetts opinions naming this issue, 1993–1993
1 sentence

1993Massachusetts courts have stated that mutuality of parties is not always required and has allowed collateral estoppel to be applied offensively where the fairness standard set forth in Parklane Hosiery v. Shore, 439 U.S. 322, 330-31 (1979), is met.

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Massachusetts. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (1)

CaseCitedYears
Morgan v. United States Fidelity & Guaranty Co. green
scotus · 1969
1 sentence

1973National Assn. of Broadcasters v. Federal Communications Commn. 396 U. S. 842 . 2 However, in a more closely analogous situation, the Supreme Court of the United States recently held that persons wishing to broadcast responsive, paid editorial comments on a controversial issue had no con stitutional right to insist that a broadcaster permit them to express their views, leaving to the fairness doctrine any obligation on the broadcast media to permit responsive comment on controversial issues of public importance.

11973–1973

Where else courts name it

DE 212 (1969–2026) CA 59 (1969–2025) TX 54 (1953–2026) NJ 31 (1832–2024) IL 29 (1972–2026) NY 29 (1890–2022) PA 20 (1939–2026) WI 20 (1980–2012) MD 17 (1980–2025) TN 14 (2004–2025) IA 12 (1955–2025) WA 11 (1983–2025) AL 11 (1995–2017) FL 10 (1973–2008) CO 10 (1973–2024) NC 10 (2007–2025) MI 9 (1934–2026) MA 9 (1973–2018) LA 8 (1980–2021) MN 8 (1986–2017) UT 8 (1997–2019) DC 8 (1987–2018) OH 7 (2000–2025) MO 7 (1991–2018) WV 6 (1983–2019) CT 5 (1988–2022) IN 5 (2000–2016) NM 5 (1981–2007) KS 4 (1987–2025) AZ 4 (1949–2009) RI 4 (2007–2018) MT 3 (2005–2016) OK 3 (2007–2009) MS 3 (1984–2001) VT 3 (1977–2008) OR 3 (1968–1994) AK 3 (1980–2011) ID 2 (1985–2013) GA 2 (2019–2019) AR 2 (2002–2002) NH 2 (1982–1986)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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