proceedings bar (Arkansas) · Go Syfert
← Arkansas issues

proceedings bar in Arkansas

6 Arkansas opinions name it 2 courts 1922–2014 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Arkansas courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (2)

CaseFollowedCited
Bradford v. Stategreen
ark · 2003 · cited in 3 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2005–2014
2 sentences

2014Robinson v. State, 353 Ark. 372 , 108 S.W.3d 622 (2003); Bradford, v. State, 351 Ark. 394 , 94 S.W13d 904 (2003) (emphasizing that a verbatim record of the proceedings is a requirement).

2014Robinson v. State, 353 Ark. 372 , 108 S.W.3d 622 (2003); Bradford v. State, 351 Ark. 394 , 94 S.W.3d 904 (2003) (emphasizing that a verbatim record of the proceedings is a requirement).

23
Thompson v. Guthriegreen
ark · 2008 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
2 sentences

2014The rule has been described as “mandatory.” Thompson v. Guthrie, 373 Ark. 443, 447 , 284 S.W.3d 455, 457 (2008).

2014The rule has been described as “mandatory.” Thompson v. Guthrie, 373 Ark. 443, 447 , 284 S.W.3d 455, 457 (2008).

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Arkansas. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (17)

CaseCitedYears
Robinson v. State green
ark · 2003
2 sentences

2014Robinson v. State, 353 Ark. 372 , 108 S.W.3d 622 (2003); Bradford, v. State, 351 Ark. 394 , 94 S.W13d 904 (2003) (emphasizing that a verbatim record of the proceedings is a requirement).

2014Robinson v. State, 353 Ark. 372 , 108 S.W.3d 622 (2003); Bradford, v. State, 351 Ark. 394 , 94 S.W13d 904 (2003) (emphasizing that a verbatim record of the proceedings is a requirement).

22005–2014
Donaldson v. Allen neutral
mo · 1908
1 sentence

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

11970–1970
Gilchrist v. Bryant green
mo · 1908
1 sentence

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

11970–1970
People v. Ruiz green
prsupreme · 1906
1 sentence

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

11970–1970
Randell v. Randell green
cal · 1935
2 sentences

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

11970–1970
Jennings v. Jennings green
moctapp · 1930
2 sentences

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

11970–1970
Sarbach v. Newell green
kan · 1886
1 sentence

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

11970–1970
Murray v. Conlon neutral
mont · 1897
1 sentence

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

11970–1970
Willoughby v. Reynolds neutral
mont · 1897
1 sentence

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

11970–1970
Clement v. Ferguson green
okla · 1955
1 sentence

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

11970–1970
Capuccio v. Caire green
cal · 1929
2 sentences

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

11970–1970
Plant v. Fate green
iowa · 1901
2 sentences

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

11970–1970
Capuccio v. Caire green
cal · 1932
2 sentences

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

11970–1970
Foureman v. Foureman neutral
ohioctapp · 1947
2 sentences

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

11970–1970
Fibbe v. Poland neutral
ohioctapp · 1927
1 sentence

1970Clement v. Ferguson, 287 P. 2d 207 (Okla. 1955); Sarbach v. Newell, 35 Kan. 180 . 10 P. 529 (1886); Fibbe v. Poland, 240 Ohio App. 532 , 157 N. E. 808 (1927); Foureman v. Foureman, 82 Ohio App. 380 , 80 N. E. 2d 266 (1947); Donaldson v. Allen, 213 Mo. 293 , 111 S. W. 1128 (1908); Jennings v. Jennings, 225 Mo. App. 1010 , 33 S. W. 2d 165 (1930); Cappucio v. Caire, 207 Cal. 200 , 277 P. 475 (1929), 215 Cal. 518 , 11 P. 2d 1097 (1932); Randell v. Randell, 4 Cal. 2d 575 , 50 P. 2d 806 (1935); Plant v. Fate, 114 Iowa 283 , 86 N. W. 276 (1901); Murray v. Conlon, 19 Mont. 389 , 48 P. 743 (1897).

11970–1970
Jackson v. Denno green
scotus · 1964
2 sentences

1968The Circuit Court of Appeals set out in its opinion the entire proceedings of the hearing in chambers at the state court trial, and as related to the voluntariness of the confession, the court of appeals considered the hearing in the light of Jackson v. Denno, 378 U. S. 368 , 84 S. Ct. 1774 , 12 L.

1968The Circuit Court of Appeals set out in its opinion the entire proceedings of the hearing in chambers at the state court trial, and as related to the voluntariness of the confession, the court of appeals considered the hearing in the light of Jackson v. Denno, 378 U. S. 368 , 84 S. Ct. 1774 , 12 L.

11968–1968
Wheat v. Smith green
ark · 1887
2 sentences

1922In the case of Wheat v. Smith, 50 Ark. 266 , construing the usurpation statute, this court said: “The design of these provisions is to enlarge the remedy formerly afforded by information in the nature of quo warranto. * * * * It opens the way for the person who would have •been the relator in an action by the State under the common-law practice to institute the proceedings to test his title to an office in his own name, without leave of court, or the intervention of the State or one of her officials, as a party. * * * * it is operative in so far as it is not inconsistent with the jurisdiction

1922In the case of Wheat v. Smith, 50 Ark. 266 , construing the usurpation statute, this court said: “The design of these provisions is to enlarge the remedy formerly afforded by information in the nature of quo warranto. * * * * It opens the way for the person who would have •been the relator in an action by the State under the common-law practice to institute the proceedings to test his title to an office in his own name, without leave of court, or the intervention of the State or one of her officials, as a party. * * * * it is operative in so far as it is not inconsistent with the jurisdiction

11922–1922

Where else courts name it

OH 53 (1905–2025) OK 51 (1905–2011) CA 47 (1863–2026) IL 45 (1895–2026) NY 33 (1877–2021) TX 25 (1884–2025) WY 24 (1880–2006) FL 24 (1903–2018) KS 23 (1880–1980) NE 19 (1881–1987) MI 18 (1876–2021) IN 17 (1906–2019) PA 14 (1918–2025) LA 13 (1911–2024) SC 12 (1905–2023) AL 12 (1858–2009) WI 10 (1940–2025) GA 9 (1923–2022) WA 8 (1904–2021) MO 8 (1913–2018) MD 8 (1931–2006) OR 7 (1929–2025) CO 6 (1904–2024) AR 6 (1922–2014) MA 6 (1898–2023) VA 5 (1872–1918) MS 5 (1995–2024) NC 4 (1905–2025) MN 4 (1888–2001) NJ 4 (1952–2021) ME 4 (1953–2022) CT 3 (1979–2002) UT 3 (1992–2018) HI 3 (1913–2003) DC 3 (2011–2017) SD 3 (1932–2010) DE 2 (1972–2015) AZ 2 (1945–1989) IA 2 (1906–1924) MT 2 (1932–1956) KY 2 (1889–2022) AK 2 (1966–1981) RI 2 (1917–1992) WV 2 (1965–2003)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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