Ford test (Connecticut) · Go Syfert
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Ford test in Connecticut

5 Connecticut opinions name it 3 courts 1994–2008 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Connecticut courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (4)

CaseFollowedCited
Johnson v. Palmagreen
ca2 · 1991 · cited in 1 Connecticut opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
2 sentences

2008“A causal connection may be established either indirectly by showing that the protected activity was followed closely by discriminatory treatment, or through other evidence such as disparate treatment of fellow employees who engaged in similar conduct, or directly through evidence of retaliatory animus directed against a plaintiff by a defendant.” (Emphasis in original; internal quotation marks omitted.) Johnson v. Palma, 931 F.2d 203, 207 (2d Cir. 1991).

2008“A causal connection may be established either indirectly by showing that the protected activity was followed closely by discriminatory treatment, or through other evidence such as disparate treatment of fellow employees who engaged in similar conduct, or directly through evidence of retaliatory animus directed against a plaintiff by a defendant.” (Emphasis in original; internal quotation marks omitted.) Johnson v. Palma, 931 F.2d 203, 207 (2d Cir. 1991).

11
Pagano v. Ippolitigreen
conn · 1998 · cited in 1 Connecticut opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
2 sentences

2004See Pagano v. Ippoliti, 245 Conn. 640, 651-52 , 716 A.2d 848 (1998) (noting that even where there is error, it is harmless where it does not affect result).

2004See Pagano v. Ippoliti, 245 Conn. 640, 651-52 , 716 A.2d 848 (1998) (noting that even where there is error, it is harmless where it does not affect result).

11
Cadle Co. v. Gabelgreen
connappct · 2002 · cited in 1 Connecticut opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
2 sentences

2004See Cadle Co. v. Gabel, 69 Conn. App. 279, 295 , 794 A.2d 1029 (2002). 6 In her brief, the plaintiff asserts that, “By precluding the jury from considering whether the [pjlaintiff took the toilet, the [pjlaintiff was prejudiced in attempting to prove that the [djefendant fail[ed] to offer a legitimate explanation for the [pjlaintiffs discharge.” The second step of the Ford test requires the defendant to “produc[e] evidence of a legitimate, nondiscriminatory reason for its actions.” Ford v. Blue Cross & Blue Shield of Connecticut, Inc., supra, 216 Conn. 53 -54. 7 Section 8-5 (1) of the Connecti

2004See Cadle Co. v. Gabel, 69 Conn. App. 279, 295 , 794 A.2d 1029 (2002). 6 In her brief, the plaintiff asserts that, “By precluding the jury from considering whether the [pjlaintiff took the toilet, the [pjlaintiff was prejudiced in attempting to prove that the [djefendant fail[ed] to offer a legitimate explanation for the [pjlaintiffs discharge.” The second step of the Ford test requires the defendant to “produc[e] evidence of a legitimate, nondiscriminatory reason for its actions.” Ford v. Blue Cross & Blue Shield of Connecticut, Inc., supra, 216 Conn. 53 -54. 7 Section 8-5 (1) of the Connecti

11
Erwin M. Jennings Co. v. DiGenovagreen
conn · 1928 · cited in 1 Connecticut opinions naming this issue, 1994–1994
2 sentences

1994See Jennings Co. v. DiGenova, 107 Conn. 491, 498-99 , 141 A. 866 (1928).

1994See Jennings Co. v. DiGenova, 107 Conn. 491, 498-99 , 141 A. 866 (1928).

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Connecticut. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (2)

CaseCitedYears
Independence One Mortgage Corp. v. Katsaros green
connappct · 1996
1 sentence

2000The plaintiffs reliance on Independence One Mortgage Corp. v. Katsaros, supra, 43 Conn. App. 71 , to defeat Ford’s claim for priority is misplaced.

12000–2000
Doe v. Marselle green
conn · 1996
2 sentences

1996Whether Ford's violation of § 36a-786 was "wilful" raises a genuine issue of material fact. "`Wilful' has been defined in many ways, and the applicable definition often turns on the specific facts of the case and the context in which it is used." Doe v. Marselle , 236 Conn. 845 , 851 , 675 A.2d 835 (1996).

1996Whether Ford's violation of § 36a-786 was "wilful" raises a genuine issue of material fact. "`Wilful' has been defined in many ways, and the applicable definition often turns on the specific facts of the case and the context in which it is used." Doe v. Marselle , 236 Conn. 845 , 851 , 675 A.2d 835 (1996).

11996–1996

Where else courts name it

TX 47 (1994–2025) CA 37 (1970–2025) OH 24 (1978–2025) IL 23 (1979–2025) MO 14 (1921–2020) NY 12 (1961–2009) AL 12 (1971–2024) IN 11 (1988–2024) WA 10 (1990–2026) MS 10 (1999–2023) GA 10 (1981–2024) DC 9 (1992–2007) SC 9 (2003–2023) KY 7 (2011–2024) MI 7 (1986–2023) LA 6 (1986–2021) MN 6 (1986–2019) MT 6 (2000–2023) NV 5 (1989–2017) FL 5 (1992–2025) CT 5 (1994–2008) KS 5 (1992–2024) PA 5 (1995–2022) MA 4 (2006–2008) AR 4 (1999–2018) MD 4 (2014–2020) TN 4 (2005–2017) WI 3 (2001–2019) NC 3 (2014–2026) NJ 3 (1981–1999) OK 2 (2012–2017) IA 2 (2018–2019) ME 2 (2006–2016) SD 2 (1999–1999) VA 2 (2012–2013) DE 2 (2020–2025) ID 2 (2000–2011)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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