Texas Codes
Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002 (2026)
Practice Of Chiropractic
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Sec. 201.002. PRACTICE OF CHIROPRACTIC. (a) In this section:
(1) "Controlled substance" has the meaning assigned to that term by Section 481.002, Health and Safety Code.
(2) "Dangerous drug" has the meaning assigned to that term by Section 483.001, Health and Safety Code.
(3) "Incisive or surgical procedure" includes making an incision into any tissue, cavity, or organ by any person or implement. The term does not include the use of a needle for the purpose of drawing blood for diagnostic testing.
(4) "Surgical procedure" includes a procedure described in the surgery section of the common procedure coding system as adopted by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services of the United States Department of Health and Human Services.
(b) A person practices chiropractic under this chapter if the person:
(1) uses objective or subjective means to diagnose, analyze, examine, or evaluate the biomechanical condition of the spine and musculoskeletal system of the human body;
(2) performs nonsurgical, nonincisive procedures, including adjustment and manipulation, to improve the subluxation complex or the biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system;
(3) represents to the public that the person is a chiropractor; or
(4) uses the term "chiropractor," "chiropractic," "doctor of chiropractic," "D.C.," or any derivative of those terms or initials in connection with the person's name.
(c) The practice of chiropractic does not include:
(1) incisive or surgical procedures;
(2) the prescription of controlled substances, dangerous drugs, or any other drug that requires a prescription; or
(3) the use of x-ray therapy or therapy that exposes the body to radioactive materials.
Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 388, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Amended by:
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 1020 (H.B. 972), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 294 (S.B. 304), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2017.
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 30
cases (2 in the last 5 years), 2001–2021 · leading case: Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 375 S.W.3d 464 (Tex. App.—Austin 2012).
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 375 S.W.3d 464 (Tex. App.—Austin 2012). “As previously noted, the statutory scope of chiropractic practice includes “using objective or subjective means to analyze, examine, or evaluate the biomechanical condition of the spine and musculoskeletal system of the human body,” see Tex. Occ. Code Ann. § 201.002 (b)(1); see…”
Texas Ass'n of Acupuncture & Oriental Med. v. Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners & Patricia Gilbert, 524 S.W.3d 734 (Tex. App.—Austin 2017). “See Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002. And although we have determined that the Chiropractic Act does not necessarily preclude the use of all needles in the practice of chiropractic, the Chiropractic Act does not refer to the practice of acupuncture, acupuncture needles, or to the…”
Grp. v. Vicento, 164 S.W.3d 724 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2005). “Tex. Occ.Code Ann. § 201.002(b) (Vernon 2004).”
Carlson v. Bioremedi Therapeutic Sys., Inc., 822 F.3d 194 (5th Cir. 2016). “” Tex. Occ.Code § 201.002(b)(l)-(2). We do not rely on this definition for our holding, but note it for context.”
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 270 S.W.3d 777 (Tex. App.—Austin 2008). “Laws 3464 , 3465 (current version at Tex. Occ.Code Ann. § 201.002(a)(4) (West Supp.”
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners Patricia Gilbert v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 566 S.W.3d 776 (Tex. App.—Austin 2018). “”6 Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002(b). The Rule defines “musculoskeletal system” as the “system of muscles and tendons and ligaments and bones and joints and associated tissues and nerves that move the body and maintain its form” and “subluxation complex” as a “neuromusculoskeletal…”
Guadalupe Moreno v. C'Tara Ingram, 454 S.W.3d 186 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2015). “” See Tex. Occ. Code Ann. § 201.002 (c) (West 2012).”
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners v. Texas Med. Ass'n, No. 03-10-00673-CV (Tex. App.—Austin July 6, 2012). “Laws 4789 , 4802-03 (current version at Tex. Occ. Code Ann. § 201.002 (b)-(c)). The Legislature defined or described "incisive or surgical procedures" as follows: In this act, "incisive or surgical procedure" includes but is not limited to making an incision into any tissue,…”
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners v. Texas Med. Ass'n, No. 03-10-00673-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Apr. 5, 2012). “Laws 4789 , 4802-03 (current version at Tex. Occ. Code Ann. § 201.002 (b)-(c)). The Legislature defined or described "incisive or surgical procedures" as follows: In this act, "incisive or surgical procedure" includes but is not limited to making an incision into any tissue,…”
Texas State Bd. of Veterinary Med. Examiners v. Ellen Jefferson, No. 03-14-00774-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Aug. 28, 2015). “See Tex. Occ.Code Ann. §§ 201.002(a)(3) (“ ‘Incisive or surgical procedure’ includes making an incision into any tissue, cavity or organ by any person or implement.”
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners Patrick Fortner v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 616 S.W.3d 558 (Tex. 2021). “Laws 1005 , 1005 (current version at TEX. OCC. CODE §§ 201.002(b)(1)–(2)). 19 See Act of May 29, 1995, 74th Leg.”
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners v. Texas Med. Ass'n, No. 03-10-00673-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Apr. 5, 2012). “Laws 4789 , 4802-03 (current version at Tex. Occ. Code Ann. § 201.002 (b)-(c)). The Legislature defined or described “incisive or surgical procedures” as follows: In this act, “incisive or surgical procedure” includes but is not limited to making an incision into any tissue,…”
Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002(a)(3): 8 cases
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 375 S.W.3d 464 (Tex. App.—Austin 2012). “As previously noted, the statutory scope of chiropractic practice includes “using objective or subjective means to analyze, examine, or evaluate the biomechanical condition of the spine and musculoskeletal system of the human body,” see Tex. Occ. Code Ann. § 201.002 (b)(1); see…”
Texas Ass'n of Acupuncture & Oriental Med. v. Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners & Patricia Gilbert, 524 S.W.3d 734 (Tex. App.—Austin 2017). “See Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002. And although we have determined that the Chiropractic Act does not necessarily preclude the use of all needles in the practice of chiropractic, the Chiropractic Act does not refer to the practice of acupuncture, acupuncture needles, or to the…”
Texas Ass'n of Acupuncture & Oriental Med. v. Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners & Patricia Gilbert, No. 03-15-00262-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Aug. 10, 2015).
Texas State Bd. of Veterinary Med. Examiners v. Ellen Jefferson, No. 03-14-00774-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Aug. 28, 2015). “See Tex. Occ.Code Ann. §§ 201.002(a)(3) (“ ‘Incisive or surgical procedure’ includes making an incision into any tissue, cavity or organ by any person or implement.”
Texas Ass'n of Acupuncture & Oriental Med. v. Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners & Patricia Gilbert, No. 03-15-00262-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Oct. 14, 2015).
Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002(a)(4): 5 cases
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 375 S.W.3d 464 (Tex. App.—Austin 2012). “As previously noted, the statutory scope of chiropractic practice includes “using objective or subjective means to analyze, examine, or evaluate the biomechanical condition of the spine and musculoskeletal system of the human body,” see Tex. Occ. Code Ann. § 201.002 (b)(1); see…”
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 270 S.W.3d 777 (Tex. App.—Austin 2008). “Laws 3464 , 3465 (current version at Tex. Occ.Code Ann. § 201.002(a)(4) (West Supp.”
Texas Ass'n of Acupuncture & Oriental Med. v. Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners & Patricia Gilbert, No. 03-15-00262-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Oct. 14, 2015).
Texas Ass'n of Acupuncture & Oriental Med. v. Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners & Patricia Gilbert, No. 03-15-00262-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Aug. 10, 2015).
Texas State Bd. of Veterinary Med. Examiners v. Ellen Jefferson, No. 03-14-00774-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Aug. 28, 2015). “See Tex. Occ.Code Ann. §§ 201.002(a)(3) (“ ‘Incisive or surgical procedure’ includes making an incision into any tissue, cavity or organ by any person or implement.”
Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002(b): 9 cases
Grp. v. Vicento, 164 S.W.3d 724 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2005). “Tex. Occ.Code Ann. § 201.002(b) (Vernon 2004).”
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 375 S.W.3d 464 (Tex. App.—Austin 2012). “As previously noted, the statutory scope of chiropractic practice includes “using objective or subjective means to analyze, examine, or evaluate the biomechanical condition of the spine and musculoskeletal system of the human body,” see Tex. Occ. Code Ann. § 201.002 (b)(1); see…”
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners Patricia Gilbert v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 566 S.W.3d 776 (Tex. App.—Austin 2018). “”6 Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002(b). The Rule defines “musculoskeletal system” as the “system of muscles and tendons and ligaments and bones and joints and associated tissues and nerves that move the body and maintain its form” and “subluxation complex” as a “neuromusculoskeletal…”
Texas Ass'n of Acupuncture & Oriental Med. v. Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners & Patricia Gilbert, No. 03-15-00262-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Aug. 10, 2015).
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners Patrick Fortner v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 616 S.W.3d 558 (Tex. 2021).
Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002(b)(1): 9 cases
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 375 S.W.3d 464 (Tex. App.—Austin 2012). “As previously noted, the statutory scope of chiropractic practice includes “using objective or subjective means to analyze, examine, or evaluate the biomechanical condition of the spine and musculoskeletal system of the human body,” see Tex. Occ. Code Ann. § 201.002 (b)(1); see…”
Texas Ass'n of Acupuncture & Oriental Med. v. Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners & Patricia Gilbert, 524 S.W.3d 734 (Tex. App.—Austin 2017). “See Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002. And although we have determined that the Chiropractic Act does not necessarily preclude the use of all needles in the practice of chiropractic, the Chiropractic Act does not refer to the practice of acupuncture, acupuncture needles, or to the…”
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners Patricia Gilbert v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 566 S.W.3d 776 (Tex. App.—Austin 2018). “”6 Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002(b). The Rule defines “musculoskeletal system” as the “system of muscles and tendons and ligaments and bones and joints and associated tissues and nerves that move the body and maintain its form” and “subluxation complex” as a “neuromusculoskeletal…”
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners Patrick Fortner v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 616 S.W.3d 558 (Tex. 2021). “Laws 1005 , 1005 (current version at TEX. OCC. CODE §§ 201.002(b)(1)–(2)). 19 See Act of May 29, 1995, 74th Leg.”
Texas State Bd. of Veterinary Med. Examiners v. Ellen Jefferson, No. 03-14-00774-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Aug. 28, 2015). “See Tex. Occ.Code Ann. §§ 201.002(a)(3) (“ ‘Incisive or surgical procedure’ includes making an incision into any tissue, cavity or organ by any person or implement.”
Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002(b)(2): 6 cases
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 375 S.W.3d 464 (Tex. App.—Austin 2012). “As previously noted, the statutory scope of chiropractic practice includes “using objective or subjective means to analyze, examine, or evaluate the biomechanical condition of the spine and musculoskeletal system of the human body,” see Tex. Occ. Code Ann. § 201.002 (b)(1); see…”
Texas State Bd. of Veterinary Med. Examiners v. Ellen Jefferson, No. 03-14-00774-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Aug. 28, 2015). “See Tex. Occ.Code Ann. §§ 201.002(a)(3) (“ ‘Incisive or surgical procedure’ includes making an incision into any tissue, cavity or organ by any person or implement.”
Texas Ass'n of Acupuncture & Oriental Med. v. Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners & Patricia Gilbert, No. 03-15-00262-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Aug. 10, 2015).
Texas Ass'n of Acupuncture & Oriental Med. v. Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners & Patricia Gilbert, No. 03-15-00262-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Nov. 19, 2015).
Texas Ass'n of Acupuncture & Oriental Med. v. Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners & Patricia Gilbert, No. 03-15-00262-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Nov. 20, 2015).
Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002(b)(3): 1 case
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners Patricia Gilbert v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 566 S.W.3d 776 (Tex. App.—Austin 2018). “”6 Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002(b). The Rule defines “musculoskeletal system” as the “system of muscles and tendons and ligaments and bones and joints and associated tissues and nerves that move the body and maintain its form” and “subluxation complex” as a “neuromusculoskeletal…”
Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002(b)(l): 1 case
Carlson v. Bioremedi Therapeutic Sys., Inc., 822 F.3d 194 (5th Cir. 2016). “” Tex. Occ.Code § 201.002(b)(l)-(2). We do not rely on this definition for our holding, but note it for context.”
Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002(c): 4 cases
Grp. v. Vicento, 164 S.W.3d 724 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2005). “Tex. Occ.Code Ann. § 201.002(b) (Vernon 2004).”
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners Patrick Fortner v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 616 S.W.3d 558 (Tex. 2021). “Laws 1005 , 1005 (current version at TEX. OCC. CODE §§ 201.002(b)(1)–(2)). 19 See Act of May 29, 1995, 74th Leg.”
Dr. Amber Brooks, D.C. v. Texas Med. Bd. &, No. 03-14-00239-CV (Tex. App.—Austin June 18, 2015).
Texas State Bd. of Veterinary Med. Examiners v. Ellen Jefferson, No. 03-14-00774-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Aug. 28, 2015). “See Tex. Occ.Code Ann. §§ 201.002(a)(3) (“ ‘Incisive or surgical procedure’ includes making an incision into any tissue, cavity or organ by any person or implement.”
Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002(c)(1): 5 cases
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 375 S.W.3d 464 (Tex. App.—Austin 2012). “As previously noted, the statutory scope of chiropractic practice includes “using objective or subjective means to analyze, examine, or evaluate the biomechanical condition of the spine and musculoskeletal system of the human body,” see Tex. Occ. Code Ann. § 201.002 (b)(1); see…”
Texas Ass'n of Acupuncture & Oriental Med. v. Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners & Patricia Gilbert, 524 S.W.3d 734 (Tex. App.—Austin 2017). “See Tex. Occ. Code § 201.002. And although we have determined that the Chiropractic Act does not necessarily preclude the use of all needles in the practice of chiropractic, the Chiropractic Act does not refer to the practice of acupuncture, acupuncture needles, or to the…”
Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners v. Texas Med. Ass'n, 270 S.W.3d 777 (Tex. App.—Austin 2008). “Laws 3464 , 3465 (current version at Tex. Occ.Code Ann. § 201.002(a)(4) (West Supp.”
Texas State Bd. of Veterinary Med. Examiners v. Ellen Jefferson, No. 03-14-00774-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Aug. 28, 2015). “See Tex. Occ.Code Ann. §§ 201.002(a)(3) (“ ‘Incisive or surgical procedure’ includes making an incision into any tissue, cavity or organ by any person or implement.”
Texas Ass'n of Acupuncture & Oriental Med. v. Texas Bd. of Chiropractic Examiners & Patricia Gilbert, No. 03-15-00262-CV (Tex. App.—Austin Oct. 14, 2015).
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