Cal. Codes » Civil Code / DIVISION 3. OBLIGATIONS / PART 4. OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS / TITLE 9. AGENCY / CHAPTER 1. Agency in General / ARTICLE 1. Definition of Agency
California Codes

Cal. Civil Code § 2295 (2026)

Definition of Agency

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An agent is one who represents another, called the principal, in dealings with third persons. Such representation is called agency.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 129 cases (33 in the last 5 years), 1947–2026 · leading case: Castillo v. Glenair, Inc., 23 Cal. App. 5th 262 (Cal. Ct. App. 2018).
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Castillo v. Glenair, Inc., 23 Cal. App. 5th 262 (Cal. Ct. App. 2018). · cites it 4× “( Civ. Code § 2295 (' "Agent" defined. An agent is one who represents another, called the principal, in dealings with third persons.”
Fiol v. Doellstedt, 50 Cal. App. 4th 1318 (Cal. Ct. App. 1996). · cites it 4× “Such individual supervisory employees should not be placed at risk of personal liability, however, for personnel management decisions which have been delegated to the supervisor by the *1328 employer, such as deciding whether to investigate or take action on a complaint of…”
Baxter v. Cal. State Teachers' Ret. Sys., 18 Cal. App. 5th 340 (Cal. Ct. App. 2017). “CalSTRS explained that there are approximately 1,600 districts statewide and that CalSTRS['s] staff is too small to respond to the high volume of inquiries it receives from these districts.”
Gerritsen v. Warner Bros. Ent., 112 F. Supp. 3d 1011 (C.D. Cal. 2015). “" CAL. CIV. CODE § 2295. “In determining if ah agent relationship exists,- the court considers three' essential characteristics: (1) an agent or apparent agent holds a power to alter the legal relationships between the principal and third persons and between the principal and…”
Sam Francis Found. v. Christies, Inc., 784 F.3d 1320 (9th Cir. 2015). · cites it 2× “” (citing Cal Civ. Code § 2295)). 4 The defendant auction houses in this case are Christie’s, Inc.”
Ralphs Grocery Co. v. Victory Consultants, Inc., 17 Cal. App. 5th 245 (Cal. Ct. App. 2017). “" ( Civ. Code, § 2295.) "An agent for a particular act or transaction is called a special agent.”
Valentine v. Plum Healthcare Grp., LLC, 37 Cal. App. 5th 1076 (Cal. Ct. App. 2019). “) Actual authority "is such as a principal intentionally confers upon the agent, or intentionally, or by want of ordinary care, allows the agent to believe himself to possess.”
Keo Ratha v. Phatthana Seafood Co., 35 F.4th 1159 (9th Cir. 2022). “The district court properly rejected this argument.”
John Murphy v. Directv, Inc., 724 F.3d 1218 (9th Cir. 2013). “in dealings with third persons,” Cal. Civ.Code § 2295, Best Buy is not entitled to compel arbitration based merely on the fact that it sells DirecTV products in its stores.”
Channel Lumber Co. v. Porter Simon, 78 Cal. App. 4th 1222 (Cal. Ct. App. 2000). · cites it 3× “” (Civ. Code, § 2295.) The essence of an agency relationship is the delegation of authority from the principal to the agent which permits the agent to act “not only for, but in the place of, his principal” in dealings with third parties.”
Van't Rood v. Cnty. of Santa Clara, 113 Cal. App. 4th 549 (Cal. Ct. App. 2003). “” (Civ. Code, § 2295.) “An agency is either actual or ostensible.”
Madden v. Kaiser Found. Hospitals, 552 P.2d 1178 (Cal. 1976). “" An agent, however, is defined as "one who represents another" (Civ. Code, § 2295), and application of established principles of the law of agency suffice to resolve the present case without resort to the allegedly broader authority of a "representative.”
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