contemporaneous objection rule (Mississippi) · Go Syfert
← Mississippi issues

contemporaneous objection rule in Mississippi

105 Mississippi opinions name it 2 courts 1967–2026 5 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Mississippi courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (57)

CaseFollowedCited
Williams v. Stategreen
miss · 1996 · cited in 21 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1992–2015
2 sentences

2004That is, the contemporaneous objection rule applies with equal force in death penalty cases, and we have long "held that trial errors cannot be raised in this Court for the first time on appeal." Id. (citing Jefferson v. State, 386 So.2d 200, 202 (Miss.1980)).

2003See Williams v. State, 684 So.2d 1179, 1203 (Miss.1996) ("In death penalty cases, the contemporaneous objection rule is applicable.").

1821
Baker v. Stategreen
miss · 1976 · cited in 17 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1986–2023
2 sentences

2015The rationale behind the contemporaneous objection rule is “so that the trial court may, when possible, correct the error with proper instructions to the jury.” Baker v. State, 327 So.2d 288, 292-93 (Miss.1976).

2011The rationale behind the contemporaneous objection rule is “so that the [trial] court may, when possible, correct the error with proper instructions to the jury.” Baker v. State, 327 So.2d 288, 292-93 (Miss.1976).

1717
Gray v. Stategreen
miss · 1986 · cited in 16 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1999–2023
2 sentences

2023Gray v. State, 487 So. 2d 1304, 1312 (Miss. 1986) (citing Baker v. State, 327 So. 2d 288, 292-93 (Miss. 1976)).

2020“The contemporaneous objection rule is in place to enable the trial court to correct an error with proper instructions to the jury whenever possible.” Walker v. State, 913 So. 2d 198, 238 (¶148) (Miss. 2005) (citing Gray v. State, 487 So. 2d 1304, 1312 (Miss. 1986)).

1616
Cole v. Stategreen
miss · 1987 · cited in 14 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1990–2015
2 sentences

2007This rule's applicability is not diminished in a capital case." Cole v. State, 525 So.2d 365 , 368 (Miss. 1988) (citations omitted). *1028 See also Rubenstein, 941 So.2d at 755 ("The contemporaneous objection rule applies in death penalty cases.

1996Shell v. State, 554 So.2d 887, 893 (Miss. 1989), rev'd in part on other grounds, 498 U.S. 1 , 111 S.Ct. 313 , 112 L.Ed.2d 1 (1990); Cole v. State, 525 So.2d 365, 369 (Miss. 1987), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 934 , 109 S.Ct. 330 , 102 L.Ed.2d 348 (1988), post-conviction relief granted on other grounds, 666 So.2d 767 (Miss. 1995) (holding that applicability of the contemporaneous objection rule "is not diminished in a capital case"); Lockett v. State, 517 So.2d 1317, 1333 (Miss. 1987) cert. denied, 487 U.S. 1210 , 108 S.Ct. 2858 , 101 L.Ed.2d 895 (1988) (holding that where there is no indication in t

1214
Lockett v. Stategreen
miss · 1987 · cited in 7 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1990–2001
2 sentences

1996Shell v. State, 554 So.2d 887, 893 (Miss. 1989), rev'd in part on other grounds, 498 U.S. 1 , 111 S.Ct. 313 , 112 L.Ed.2d 1 (1990); Cole v. State, 525 So.2d 365, 369 (Miss. 1987), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 934 , 109 S.Ct. 330 , 102 L.Ed.2d 348 (1988), post-conviction relief granted on other grounds, 666 So.2d 767 (Miss. 1995) (holding that applicability of the contemporaneous objection rule "is not diminished in a capital case"); Lockett v. State, 517 So.2d 1317, 1333 (Miss. 1987) cert. denied, 487 U.S. 1210 , 108 S.Ct. 2858 , 101 L.Ed.2d 895 (1988) (holding that where there is no indication in t

1996Shell v. State, 554 So.2d 887, 893 (Miss. 1989), rev'd in part on other grounds, 498 U.S. 1 , 111 S.Ct. 313 , 112 L.Ed.2d 1 (1990); Cole v. State, 525 So.2d 365, 369 (Miss. 1987), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 934 , 109 S.Ct. 330 , 102 L.Ed.2d 348 (1988), post-conviction relief granted on other grounds, 666 So.2d 767 (Miss. 1995) (holding that applicability of the contemporaneous objection rule "is not diminished in a capital case"); Lockett v. State, 517 So.2d 1317, 1333 (Miss. 1987) cert. denied, 487 U.S. 1210 , 108 S.Ct. 2858 , 101 L.Ed.2d 895 (1988) (holding that where there is no indication in t

77
Oates v. Stategreen
miss · 1982 · cited in 7 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1990–1999
2 sentences

1999This Court explained the underlying bases for the existence of a contemporaneous objection rule in Oates v. State, 421 So.2d 1025, 1030 (1982) as follows: "There are three basic considerations which underlie the rule regarding specific objections.

1999This Court explained the underlying bases for the existence of a contemporaneous objection rule in Oates v. State, 421 So.2d 1025 , 1030 (1982) as follows: "There are three basic considerations which underlie the rule regarding specific objections.

77
Walker v. Stategreen
miss · 2005 · cited in 6 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1997–2020
2 sentences

2020“The contemporaneous objection rule is in place to enable the trial court to correct an error with proper instructions to the jury whenever possible.” Walker v. State, 913 So. 2d 198, 238 (¶148) (Miss. 2005) (citing Gray v. State, 487 So. 2d 1304, 1312 (Miss. 1986)).

2018In Walker v. State , 913 So.2d 198 (Miss. 2005), the capital murder defendant argued that "[a]lthough no objection was raised during the argument, under th[e] Court's heightened level of scrutiny of death penalty cases, they will be reviewed." Id. at 238 (¶ 147) (noting that we have relaxed the contemporaneous objection rule and applied the plain error rule, which allows an appellate court to address an issue not raised at trial if the record shows that error did occur and the substantive rights of the accused were violated).

66
Foster v. Stategreen
miss · 1994 · cited in 9 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1993–2010
2 sentences

2010See Doss v. State, 709 So.2d 369, 381 (Miss.1996) (citing Foster v. State, 639 So.2d 1263, 1286 (Miss.1994)) (“the contemporaneous objection rule also applies to comments by the trial judge”). ¶ 10.

2009See Doss v. State, 709 So. 2d 369, 381 (Miss. 1996) (citing Foster v. State, 639 So. 2d 1263, 1286 (Miss. 1994)) (“the contemporaneous objection rule also applies to comments by the trial judge”). ¶10.

49
Rubenstein v. Stategreen
miss · 2006 · cited in 4 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1997–2009
2 sentences

2009Application of the contemporaneous objection rule is not diminished in a capital case.” Rubenstein v. State, 941 So.2d 735, 751 (¶ 27) (Miss.2006) (internal citation omitted).

2007This rule's applicability is not diminished in a capital case." Cole v. State, 525 So.2d 365 , 368 (Miss. 1988) (citations omitted). *1028 See also Rubenstein, 941 So.2d at 755 ("The contemporaneous objection rule applies in death penalty cases.

44
Jenkins v. Stategreen
missctapp · 2011 · cited in 3 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2015–2024
2 sentences

2024Ct. App. 2019) (citing Jenkins v. State, 75 So. 3d 49, 57 (¶21) (Miss.

2024Ct. App. 2019) (citing Jenkins v. State, 75 So. 3d 49, 57 (¶21) (Miss.

33
Scott v. Stategreen
miss · 2004 · cited in 3 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2000–2006
2 sentences

2006Scott v. State, 878 So.2d 933, 988 (Miss.2004); Williams v. State, 684 So.2d 1179, 1203 (Miss.1996).

2000Scott, 878 So.2d at 988-90 (finding the contemporaneous objection rule applies in death penalty cases and applying a procedurally bar for failure to object to an alleged misstatement of law); Simmons v. State, 805 So.2d at 489; Williams, 684 So.2d at 1203. ¶413.

33
Flowers v. Stategreen
miss · 2000 · cited in 3 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1992–2001
2 sentences

2001Flowers v. State, 773 So.2d 309, 325 (Miss.2000) (citing Williams v. State, 684 So.2d 1179, 1203 (Miss.1996); Cole v. State, 525 So.2d 365, 369 (Miss.1987) (holding that applicability of contemporaneous objection rule “is not diminished in a capital case”); Lockett v. State, 517 So.2d 1317, 1333 (Miss.1987), vacated in part on other grounds sub nom., Lockett v. Anderson, 230 F.3d 695 (5th Cir.2000)).

2001Flowers v. State, 773 So.2d 309, 325 (Miss.2000) (citing Williams v. State, 684 So.2d 1179, 1203 (Miss.1996); Cole v. State, 525 So.2d 365, 369 (Miss.1987) (holding that applicability of contemporaneous objection rule "is not diminished in a capital case"); Lockett v. State, 517 So.2d 1317, 1333 (Miss.1987), vacated in part on other grounds sub nom., Lockett v. Anderson, 230 F.3d 695 (5th Cir.2000)).

33
Carr v. Stategreen
miss · 1995 · cited in 3 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1995–1997
2 sentences

1997See Carr v. State, 655 So.2d 824, 854 (Miss.1995). ¶ 67.

1997See Carr v. State, 655 So.2d 824, 854 (Miss.1995). ¶ 67.

33
Smith v. Stategreen
miss · 1998 · cited in 3 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1998–2006
2 sentences

2006See Smith v. State, 729 So.2d 1191, 1210 (Miss.1998). *1291 B.

1998That is, the contemporaneous objection rule applies with equal force in death penalty cases, and we have long “held that trial errors cannot be raised in this Court for the first time on appeal.” Id. (citing Jefferson v. State, 386 So.2d 200, 202 (Miss. 1980)).

23
Stringer v. Stategreen
miss · 1986 · cited in 3 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1986–1996
2 sentences

1996Shell v. State, 554 So.2d 887, 893 (Miss. 1989), rev'd in part on other grounds, 498 U.S. 1 , 111 S.Ct. 313 , 112 L.Ed.2d 1 (1990); Cole v. State, 525 So.2d 365, 369 (Miss. 1987), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 934 , 109 S.Ct. 330 , 102 L.Ed.2d 348 (1988), post-conviction relief granted on other grounds, 666 So.2d 767 (Miss. 1995) (holding that applicability of the contemporaneous objection rule "is not diminished in a capital case"); Lockett v. State, 517 So.2d 1317, 1333 (Miss. 1987) cert. denied, 487 U.S. 1210 , 108 S.Ct. 2858 , 101 L.Ed.2d 895 (1988) (holding that where there is no indication in t

1996Shell v. State, 554 So.2d 887, 893 (Miss. 1989), rev'd in part on other grounds, 498 U.S. 1 , 111 S.Ct. 313 , 112 L.Ed.2d 1 (1990); Cole v. State, 525 So.2d 365, 369 (Miss. 1987), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 934 , 109 S.Ct. 330 , 102 L.Ed.2d 348 (1988), post-conviction relief granted on other grounds, 666 So.2d 767 (Miss. 1995) (holding that applicability of the contemporaneous objection rule "is not diminished in a capital case"); Lockett v. State, 517 So.2d 1317, 1333 (Miss. 1987) cert. denied, 487 U.S. 1210 , 108 S.Ct. 2858 , 101 L.Ed.2d 895 (1988) (holding that where there is no indication in t

23
Havard v. Stategreen
miss · 2006 · cited in 2 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2009–2014
2 sentences

2014Havard v. State, 928 So.2d 771, 793 (¶ 39) (Miss.2006) (“Because the trial judge cannot be faulted for not ruling on an objection which was not made, and because this claim is also waived due to failure to object, this issue is without merit.”).

2009Havard v. State, 928 So. 2d 771, 793 (¶ 39) (Miss. 2006) (“Because the trial judge cannot be faulted for not ruling on an objection which was not made, and because this claim is also waived due to failure to object, this issue is without merit.”).

22
Doss v. Stategreen
miss · 1997 · cited in 2 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2009–2010
2 sentences

2010See Doss v. State, 709 So.2d 369, 381 (Miss.1996) (citing Foster v. State, 639 So.2d 1263, 1286 (Miss.1994)) (“the contemporaneous objection rule also applies to comments by the trial judge”). ¶ 10.

2009See Doss v. State, 709 So. 2d 369, 381 (Miss. 1996) (citing Foster v. State, 639 So. 2d 1263, 1286 (Miss. 1994)) (“the contemporaneous objection rule also applies to comments by the trial judge”). ¶10.

22
Brooks v. Stategreen
miss · 1950 · cited in 2 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1987–2008
2 sentences

2008Conversely, the supreme court has held that an error regarding a constitutional right “may reach such serious dimension, however, that this Court is required to address it, though first raised on appeal.” Whigham, 611 So.2d at 995 (citing Brooks v. State, 209 Miss. 150, 155 , 46 So.2d 94, 97 (1950)). ¶ 10.

2008Conversely, the supreme court has held that an error regarding a constitutional right “may reach such serious dimension, however, that this Court is required to address it, though first raised on appeal.” Whigham, 611 So.2d at 995 (citing Brooks v. State, 209 Miss. 150, 155 , 46 So.2d 94, 97 (1950)). ¶ 10.

22
Faraga v. Stategreen
miss · 1987 · cited in 2 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2003–2005
2 sentences

2005Although Walker concedes that no contemporaneous objection was made during the sentencing phase, he relies on Faraga v. State, 514 So.2d 295, 303 (Miss. 1987), for the proposition that, "Although no objection was raised during the argument, under this Court's heightened level of scrutiny for death penalty cases, they will be reviewed." See also Hansen, 592 So.2d at 142 (relaxing the contemporaneous objection rule and applying the "plain error" rule); Grubb, 584 So.2d at 789 (plain error will allow an appellate court to address an issue not raised at trial if the record shows that error did occ

2003Although Walker concedes that no contemporaneous objection was made during the sentencing phase, he relies on Faraga v. State, 514 So. 2d 295, 303 (Miss. 1987), for the proposition that, “Although no objection was raised during the argument, under this Court's heightened level of scrutiny for death penalty cases, they will be reviewed.” See also Hansen, 592 So. 2d at 142 (relaxing the contemporaneous objection rule and applying the “plain error” rule); Grubb, 584 So. 2d at 789 (plain error will allow an appellate court to address an issue not raised at trial if the record shows that error did

22
Hansen v. Stategreen
miss · 1991 · cited in 2 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2003–2005
2 sentences

2005Although Walker concedes that no contemporaneous objection was made during the sentencing phase, he relies on Faraga v. State, 514 So.2d 295, 303 (Miss. 1987), for the proposition that, "Although no objection was raised during the argument, under this Court's heightened level of scrutiny for death penalty cases, they will be reviewed." See also Hansen, 592 So.2d at 142 (relaxing the contemporaneous objection rule and applying the "plain error" rule); Grubb, 584 So.2d at 789 (plain error will allow an appellate court to address an issue not raised at trial if the record shows that error did occ

2003Although Walker concedes that no contemporaneous objection was made during the sentencing phase, he relies on Faraga v. State, 514 So. 2d 295, 303 (Miss. 1987), for the proposition that, “Although no objection was raised during the argument, under this Court's heightened level of scrutiny for death penalty cases, they will be reviewed.” See also Hansen, 592 So. 2d at 142 (relaxing the contemporaneous objection rule and applying the “plain error” rule); Grubb, 584 So. 2d at 789 (plain error will allow an appellate court to address an issue not raised at trial if the record shows that error did

22
Jefferson v. Stategreen
miss · 1980 · cited in 2 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1998–2004
2 sentences

2004That is, the contemporaneous objection rule applies with equal force in death penalty cases, and we have long "held that trial errors cannot be raised in this Court for the first time on appeal." Id. (citing Jefferson v. State, 386 So.2d 200, 202 (Miss.1980)).

1998That is, the contemporaneous objection rule applies with equal force in death penalty cases, and we have long “held that trial errors cannot be raised in this Court for the first time on appeal.” Id. (citing Jefferson v. State, 386 So.2d 200, 202 (Miss. 1980)).

22
Hill v. Stategreen
miss · 1983 · cited in 2 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1996–1999
2 sentences

1999Hill v. State, 432 So.2d 427, 439 (Miss. 1983).

1996Hill v. State, 432 So. 2d 427, 439 (Miss. 1983).

22
Shell v. Stategreen
miss · 1989 · cited in 2 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1990–1996
22
State v. Vanderbiltgreen
sc · 1986 · cited in 2 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1987–1987
22
State v. Goolsbygreen
sc · 1980 · cited in 2 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1987–1987
22
Goff v. Stategreen
miss · 2009 · cited in 3 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2006–2016
2 sentences

2016Indeed, the primary purposes of the contemporaneous objection rule are “to permit the trial court to accurately evaluate the legal issues and to enable the appellate court to apprehend the basis of the objection.” Goff v. State, 14 So.3d 625, 640 (Miss. 2009) (quoting Kettle v. State, 641 So.2d 746, 748 (Miss. 1994) (quoting Uptain v. Huntington Lab, Inc., 723 P. 2d 1322, 1330-31 (Colo. 1986))).

2010Id.

13
Williams v. Stategreen
miss · 1984 · cited in 3 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1988–1996
2 sentences

1996Foster, 639 So.2d at 1295 ; Williams v. State, 445 So.2d 798 (Miss. 1984).

1996Foster, 639 So.2d at 1295 ; Williams v. State, 445 So.2d 798 (Miss.1984).

13
Jackson Yellow Cab Co. v. Alexandergreen
miss · 1963 · cited in 2 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2003–2007
2 sentences

2007The contemporaneous objection bar is limited where "the conduct of the trial judge, on the entire record, was so reprehensible and prejudicial as to deny a fair trial or due process of law." Powell v. Ayars, 792 So.2d 240, 248 (¶ 29) (Miss.2001) (quoting Jackson Yellow Cab Co. v. Alexander, 246 Miss. 268, 277 , 148 So.2d 674, 678 (1963)).

2007The contemporaneous objection bar is limited where "the conduct of the trial judge, on the entire record, was so reprehensible and prejudicial as to deny a fair trial or due process of law." Powell v. Ayars, 792 So.2d 240, 248 (¶ 29) (Miss.2001) (quoting Jackson Yellow Cab Co. v. Alexander, 246 Miss. 268, 277 , 148 So.2d 674, 678 (1963)).

12
Anderson v. Jaegergreen
miss · 1975 · cited in 2 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 1979–2006
2 sentences

2006Anderson v. Jaeger, 317 So.2d 902, 906 (Miss.1975) (holding “[tjimely objections, followed by appropriate and timely motions, are necessary to preserve such points on appeal.”).

1979In Anderson v. Jaeger, 317 So.2d 902 (Miss. 1975), the most recent and relevant authority, we find: When, in the course of a trial before a jury, it is conceived that something has occurred of a prejudicial nature, an objection must be interposed at the time and the trial court thus be given an opportunity to rule.

12
James C. Graham v. State of Mississippigreen
missctapp · 2018 · cited in 1 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
11
Christmas v. Stategreen
miss · 2009 · cited in 1 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
11
Verenzo Cartrell Green v. State of Mississippigreen
miss · 2016 · cited in 1 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
11
Marvin Kirk v. State of Mississippigreen
miss · 2015 · cited in 1 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
11
Marion O' Bryan Strickland v. State of Mississippigreen
missctapp · 2016 · cited in 1 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Smith v. Stategreen
miss · 2008 · cited in 1 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
11
Stokes v. Stategreen
missctapp · 2013 · cited in 1 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
11
Kettle v. Stategreen
miss · 1994 · cited in 1 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Uptain v. Huntington Lab, Inc.green
colo · 1986 · cited in 1 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Brown v. Stategreen
miss · 2007 · cited in 1 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
11
Billiot v. Stategreen
miss · 1984 · cited in 1 Mississippi opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Mississippi. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (23)

CaseCitedYears
Johnson v. State green
miss · 1985
2 sentences

2008This contemporaneous objection rule is “critical because it allows the judge to avert a mistrial, if possible, by admonishing the jury to disregard the utterance.” Id. (quoting Herrington v. State, 690 So.2d 1132, 1139 (Miss.1997)).

2005In Williams v. State, 512 So.2d 666 (Miss.1987), defense counsel did not object to prosecutor's closing argument, and this Court held that "[t]he failure of an objection is fatal." Id. at 672 (citing Johnson v. State, 477 So.2d 196 (Miss.1985)).

32003–2008
Williams v. State green
miss · 1987
2 sentences

2005In Williams v. State, 512 So.2d 666 (Miss.1987), defense counsel did not object to prosecutor's closing argument, and this Court held that "[t]he failure of an objection is fatal." Id. at 672 (citing Johnson v. State, 477 So.2d 196 (Miss.1985)).

2005In Williams v. State, 512 So.2d 666 (Miss.1987), defense counsel did not object to prosecutor's closing argument, and this Court held that "[t]he failure of an objection is fatal." Id. at 672 (citing Johnson v. State, 477 So.2d 196 (Miss.1985)).

22003–2005
Lockett v. Anderson green
ca5 · 2000
2 sentences

2001Flowers v. State, 773 So.2d 309, 325 (Miss.2000) (citing Williams v. State, 684 So.2d 1179, 1203 (Miss.1996); Cole v. State, 525 So.2d 365, 369 (Miss.1987) (holding that applicability of contemporaneous objection rule “is not diminished in a capital case”); Lockett v. State, 517 So.2d 1317, 1333 (Miss.1987), vacated in part on other grounds sub nom., Lockett v. Anderson, 230 F.3d 695 (5th Cir.2000)).

2001Flowers v. State, 773 So.2d 309, 325 (Miss.2000) (citing Williams v. State, 684 So.2d 1179, 1203 (Miss.1996); Cole v. State, 525 So.2d 365, 369 (Miss.1987) (holding that applicability of contemporaneous objection rule "is not diminished in a capital case"); Lockett v. State, 517 So.2d 1317, 1333 (Miss.1987), vacated in part on other grounds sub nom., Lockett v. Anderson, 230 F.3d 695 (5th Cir.2000)).

22001–2001
Evans v. State green
miss · 1997
2 sentences

1999Evans v. State, 1997 WL 562044 , 725 So.2d 613 (Miss.1997); Williams v. State, 684 So.2d 1179, 1203 (Miss.1996).

1999Evans v. State, 1997 WL 562044 , 725 So.2d 613 (Miss.1997); Williams v. State, 684 So.2d 1179, 1203 (Miss.1996).

21996–1999
Cole v. State green
miss · 1995
21990–1996
Shell v. Mississippi green
scotus · 1990
21990–1996
Irving v. State green
miss · 1986
21990–1996
Central Machinery Co. v. Arizona green
scotus · 1987
21990–1996
Foster v. Wells green
scotus · 1988
21990–1996
Duncan v. Tennessee green
scotus · 1988
21990–1996
Culberson v. State green
miss · 1979
21983–1988
Swain v. Alabama red
scotus · 1965
21987–1987
City of Newport v. Fact Concerts, Inc. green
scotus · 1981
12017–2017
United States v. Young green
scotus · 1985
12017–2017
United States v. Frady green
scotus · 1982
12017–2017
Morris v. State green
missctapp · 2007
12009–2009
Whigham v. State green
miss · 1992
12008–2008
Moawad v. State green
miss · 1988
12000–2000
People v. Mays green
illappct · 1989
11997–1997
Gallop v. United States green
scotus · 1988
11996–1996
McQuillen v. Wisconsin Education Ass'n Council green
scotus · 1988
11996–1996
Sindram v. Reading green
scotus · 1988
11996–1996
West v. State green
miss · 1986
11988–1988

Statutes the citing opinions construe

MS § Miss. Code Ann. § 97-3-19 (40) MS § Miss. Code Ann. § 99-19-101 (38) MS § Miss. Code Ann. § 99-19-105 (30) MS § Miss. Code Ann. § 99-19-103 (11) MS § Miss. Code Ann. § 97-3-21 (9) MS § Miss. Code Ann. § 97-3-79 (9) MS § Miss. Code Ann. § 97-5-39 (8) MS § Miss. Code Ann. § 97-3-73 (7) MS § Miss. Code Ann. § 97-3-53 (6) MS § Miss. Code Ann. § 25-7-47 (5) MS § Miss. Code Ann. § 97-3-65 (5) MS § Miss. Code Ann. § 99-19-81 (5)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

LA 515 (1978–2026) FL 314 (1978–2026) VA 294 (1982–2026) TX 181 (1978–2025) AL 177 (1987–2026) KS 154 (1965–2026) IN 124 (1976–2026) MS 105 (1967–2026) AR 99 (1992–2026) GA 46 (1978–2026) CO 32 (1967–2025) WV 21 (1986–2025) MD 20 (1999–2025) OH 19 (1991–2026) ID 19 (2010–2025) CA 18 (1983–2026) KY 16 (1977–2026) NH 16 (1979–2023) IL 15 (1966–2025) PA 14 (1967–2019) NV 12 (1978–2026) MT 10 (1998–2026) DC 10 (1986–2025) MO 10 (1975–2018) NE 8 (2006–2026) AK 6 (1968–2018) TN 6 (1978–2021) MA 5 (1982–2023) SC 5 (1991–2008) AZ 5 (1974–2009) RI 5 (1965–1999) UT 4 (1985–2017) MI 4 (1994–2015) CT 4 (2002–2019) WI 4 (1978–2002) NY 3 (1989–2009) MN 3 (2006–2015) WA 2 (2012–2016) IA 2 (1978–2022) ME 2 (1979–2015) NC 2 (1968–2015) NM 2 (2013–2013) DE 2 (1980–2019)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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