writing requirement (Pennsylvania) · Go Syfert
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writing requirement in Pennsylvania

15 Pennsylvania opinions name it 7 courts 1919–2025 1 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Pennsylvania courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (7)

CaseFollowedCited
Conaway v. 20th Century Corp.green
pa · 1980 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025See Exhibit P-25 at 22; see also CM Goat, 318 A.3d at 397 (writing must be signed by parties to satisfy statute of frauds); Conaway v. 20th Century Corp., 420 A.2d 405, 411 (Pa. 1980) (stating that “writings which show that the parties are still in the process of negotiation . . . do not satisfy the writing requirement of the statute of frauds”).

11
CM Goat v. Valdez, B.green
pasuperct · 2024 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025See Exhibit P-25 at 22; see also CM Goat, 318 A.3d at 397 (writing must be signed by parties to satisfy statute of frauds); Conaway v. 20th Century Corp., 420 A.2d 405, 411 (Pa. 1980) (stating that “writings which show that the parties are still in the process of negotiation . . . do not satisfy the writing requirement of the statute of frauds”).

11
Fannin v. Crattygreen
pa · 1984 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
1 sentence

2019See Fannin, supra, at 1160 (“Because of the provisions of the statute of frauds, an agreement for the sale of land cannot be specifically enforced unless in writing signed by the parties to be charged or their agents thereunto lawfully authorized by writing[.]”) (citations omitted).

11
Webcor Packaging Corporation, a Michigan Corporation v. Autozone, Inc., a Nevada Corporationgreen
ca6 · 1998 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
1 sentence

2006Techniques, Inc. v. Wackenhut Protective Sys., Inc., 669 F.2d 1026 (5th Cir. 1982), one of the leading specially-manufactured-goods cases, the court explained that the UCC exempts such goods from the writing requirement because “in these cases the very nature of the goods serves as a reliable indication that a contract was indeed formed.” Id. at 1037 ; see also Colorado Carpet Installation, Inc. v. Palermo, 668 P.2d 1384, 1390 (Colo.1983) (“It is a reasonable assumption ... that a seller will not make or procure goods not suitable for sale to others in the normal *333 course of the seller’s bu

11
Colorado Carpet Installation, Inc. v. Palermogreen
colo · 1983 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
2 sentences

2006Techniques, Inc. v. Wackenhut Protective Sys., Inc., 669 F.2d 1026 (5th Cir. 1982), one of the leading specially-manufactured-goods cases, the court explained that the UCC exempts such goods from the writing requirement because “in these cases the very nature of the goods serves as a reliable indication that a contract was indeed formed.” Id. at 1037 ; see also Colorado Carpet Installation, Inc. v. Palermo, 668 P.2d 1384, 1390 (Colo.1983) (“It is a reasonable assumption ... that a seller will not make or procure goods not suitable for sale to others in the normal *333 course of the seller’s bu

2006Techniques, Inc. v. Wackenhut Protective Sys., Inc., 669 F.2d 1026 (5th Cir. 1982), one of the leading specially-manufactured-goods cases, the court explained that the UCC exempts such goods from the writing requirement because “in these cases the very nature of the goods serves as a reliable indication that a contract was indeed formed.” Id. at 1037 ; see also Colorado Carpet Installation, Inc. v. Palermo, 668 P.2d 1384, 1390 (Colo.1983) (“It is a reasonable assumption ... that a seller will not make or procure goods not suitable for sale to others in the normal *333 course of the seller’s bu

11
Shovel Transfer & Storage, Inc. v. Pennsylvania Liquor Control Boardgreen
pa · 1999 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2003–2003
2 sentences

2003See Shovel Transfer & Storage, Inc. v. Pennsylvania Liquor Control Bd., 559 Pa. 56 , 739 A.2d 133, 137 (1999).

2003See Shovel Transfer & Storage, Inc. v. Pennsylvania Liquor Control Bd., 559 Pa. 56 , 739 A.2d 133, 137 (1999).

11
Hessenthaler v. Farzingreen
pa · 1989 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1990–1990
2 sentences

1990In Hessenthaler v. Farzin, 388 Pa.Super. 37 , 564 A.2d 990, 992 (1989), we stated: [t]he purpose of the Statute is to prevent the possibility of enforcing unfounded, fraudulent claims by requiring that contracts pertaining to interests in real estate be supported by written evidence signed by the party creating the interest____ Pennsylvania courts have emphasized that the Statute is not designed to prevent the performance or enforcement of oral contracts that in fact were made. (citations omitted, emphasis in original).

1990In Hessenthaler v. Farzin, 388 Pa.Super. 37 , 564 A.2d 990, 992 (1989), we stated: [t]he purpose of the Statute is to prevent the possibility of enforcing unfounded, fraudulent claims by requiring that contracts pertaining to interests in real estate be supported by written evidence signed by the party creating the interest____ Pennsylvania courts have emphasized that the Statute is not designed to prevent the performance or enforcement of oral contracts that in fact were made. (citations omitted, emphasis in original).

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Pennsylvania. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (15)

CaseCitedYears
Marland v. Royal Insurance neutral
pa · 1872
2 sentences

1934Co., 71 Pa. 393 , thus: ‘If deceived or lulled into security it was not by any act of the company, but by trusting to the mere opinion of one who had no authority to bind the company by any such expression.’ ” See also Greene, to use, v. Lycoming Fire Ins.

1922“If the insured . . . chose to rely on the voluntary promise, of the local agent as his warrant for expunging from his contract some of its important provisions, and ignoring the warnings therein given against such attempts to alter or waive the terms of the writing on which his claim is founded, he placed himself in the position described by Agnew, J., in Marland v. Insurance Co., 71 Pa. 393 , thus: ‘If deceived or lulled into security, it was not by any act of the company, but by trusting to the mere opinion of one who had no authority to bind the company by any such expression:’ ” Hottner v

21922–1934
Hottner v. Aachen & Munich Fire Insurance neutral
· 1906
2 sentences

1934Co., etc., 31 Pa. Superior Ct. 461, 464 , wherein the court stated: “If the insured, under such circumstances, chose to rely on the voluntary promise of the local agent as his warrant for expunging from his contract some of its important provisions and ignoring the warnings therein given against such attempts to alter or waive the terms of the writing on which his claim is founded, he placed himself in the position described by Agnew, J., in Marland v. Ins.

1922Co., 31 Pa. Superior Ct. 461, 464 .

21922–1934
Gandy v. Weckerly green
pa · 1908
2 sentences

1929Where the writing is induced upon a promise given at the time and honestly intended to be kept, so that there was no fraud at the inception, the broken promise may be set up as a defense because the person attempting to use the writing in violation of his promise, without which the writing would not have been given, is guilty of a fraud: Gandy v. Weckerly, 220 Pa. 285 .

1919In doubtful cases and especially in those requiring broad inquiry into facts, where the court refuses judgment, the matter in controversy should go to the jury as the proper tribunal to decide the cause under proper instructions from the court”; and in Ætna Insurance Company v. Confer, 158 Pa. 598 , 604: “It must be a very plain case of error in law, if we sustain appeals in such cases as this, from the decree of the common pleas discharging the rule.” It is true a party who sets up a contemporaneous parol agreement, varying the terms of a written instrument sued or defended upon, has a heavy

21919–1929
Keil v. Good green
pa · 1976
2 sentences

2008Keil v. Good, 467 Pa. 317 , 356 A.2d 768 (1976).

2008Keil v. Good, 467 Pa. 317 , 356 A.2d 768 (1976).

12008–2008
Feigley v. Department of Corrections green
pacommwct · 2005
1 sentence

2007Defendants cite to Feigley v. Department of Corrections, 872 A.2d 189 (Pa. Commw. 2005), as support for their claim that plaintiff failed to provide the material sections of a writing for which a claim was based.

12007–2007
Impossible Electronics Techniques, Inc. v. Wackenhut Protective Systems, Inc. green
ca5 · 1982
2 sentences

2006Techniques, Inc. v. Wackenhut Protective Sys., Inc., 669 F.2d 1026 (5th Cir. 1982), one of the leading specially-manufactured-goods cases, the court explained that the UCC exempts such goods from the writing requirement because “in these cases the very nature of the goods serves as a reliable indication that a contract was indeed formed.” Id. at 1037 ; see also Colorado Carpet Installation, Inc. v. Palermo, 668 P.2d 1384, 1390 (Colo.1983) (“It is a reasonable assumption ... that a seller will not make or procure goods not suitable for sale to others in the normal *333 course of the seller’s bu

2006Techniques, Inc. v. Wackenhut Protective Sys., Inc., 669 F.2d 1026 (5th Cir. 1982), one of the leading specially-manufactured-goods cases, the court explained that the UCC exempts such goods from the writing requirement because “in these cases the very nature of the goods serves as a reliable indication that a contract was indeed formed.” Id. at 1037 ; see also Colorado Carpet Installation, Inc. v. Palermo, 668 P.2d 1384, 1390 (Colo.1983) (“It is a reasonable assumption ... that a seller will not make or procure goods not suitable for sale to others in the normal *333 course of the seller’s bu

12006–2006
Alice v. Robett Manufacturing Co. green
gand · 1970
1 sentence

1980Airways, Inc., supra, or which only evidence an offer, Alice v. Robett Manufacturing Co., 328 F.Supp. 1377 (N.D.Ga.1970), aff'd, 445 F.2d 316 (5th Cir. 1971), do not satisfy the writing requirement of the statute of frauds.

11980–1980
Emmett E. Doherty and Mary Ellen Doherty, Husband and Wife v. Louis F. Coniglio neutral
ca9 · 1971
1 sentence

1980Airways, Inc., supra, or which only evidence an offer, Alice v. Robett Manufacturing Co., 328 F.Supp. 1377 (N.D.Ga.1970), aff'd, 445 F.2d 316 (5th Cir. 1971), do not satisfy the writing requirement of the statute of frauds.

11980–1980
Harvey Probber, Inc. v. Kauffman green
pasuperct · 1956
2 sentences

1980It is only if the claim is based upon a writing that the requirement that it be attached is applicable: Harvey Probber, Inc. v. Kauffman, 181 Pa. Superior Ct. 281 , 124 A. 2d 699 (1956); Goodbody & Co. v. Levine, 59 Luz.

1980It is only if the claim is based upon a writing that the requirement that it be attached is applicable: Harvey Probber, Inc. v. Kauffman, 181 Pa. Superior Ct. 281 , 124 A. 2d 699 (1956); Goodbody & Co. v. Levine, 59 Luz.

11980–1980
Commonwealth v. Brown green
pa · 1970
1 sentence

1975Relying on Mullen v. DuBois Area School District, 436 Pa. 211 , 259 A.2d 877 (1969), appellants, therefore, urge that appellee should not be permitted to take advantage of its failure to comply with the statute by raising preliminary objections based upon the absence of written contracts.

11975–1975
Mullen v. DuBois Area School District green
pa · 1969
1 sentence

1975Relying on Mullen v. DuBois Area School District, 436 Pa. 211 , 259 A.2d 877 (1969), appellants, therefore, urge that appellee should not be permitted to take advantage of its failure to comply with the statute by raising preliminary objections based upon the absence of written contracts.

11975–1975
Commonwealth v. Pollack green
pasuperct · 1953
2 sentences

1958Cupples, Jr. v. Yearick, 99 Pa. Superior Ct. 269 (1930); Commonwealth v. Pollack, 174 Pa. Superior Ct. 621 , 101 A. 2d 140 (1953).

1958Cupples, Jr. v. Yearick, 99 Pa. Superior Ct. 269 (1930); Commonwealth v. Pollack, 174 Pa. Superior Ct. 621 , 101 A. 2d 140 (1953).

11958–1958
Cupples, Jr. v. Yearick neutral
pasuperct · 1930
1 sentence

1958Cupples, Jr. v. Yearick, 99 Pa. Superior Ct. 269 (1930); Commonwealth v. Pollack, 174 Pa. Superior Ct. 621 , 101 A. 2d 140 (1953).

11958–1958
Ætna Ins. v. Confer neutral
pa · 1893
1 sentence

1919In doubtful cases and especially in those requiring broad inquiry into facts, where the court refuses judgment, the matter in controversy should go to the jury as the proper tribunal to decide the cause under proper instructions from the court”; and in Ætna Insurance Company v. Confer, 158 Pa. 598 , 604: “It must be a very plain case of error in law, if we sustain appeals in such cases as this, from the decree of the common pleas discharging the rule.” It is true a party who sets up a contemporaneous parol agreement, varying the terms of a written instrument sued or defended upon, has a heavy

11919–1919
Noel v. Kessler green
pa · 1916
1 sentence

1919In doubtful cases and especially in those requiring broad inquiry into facts, where the court refuses judgment, the matter in controversy should go to the jury as the proper tribunal to decide the cause under proper instructions from the court”; and in Ætna Insurance Company v. Confer, 158 Pa. 598 , 604: “It must be a very plain case of error in law, if we sustain appeals in such cases as this, from the decree of the common pleas discharging the rule.” It is true a party who sets up a contemporaneous parol agreement, varying the terms of a written instrument sued or defended upon, has a heavy

11919–1919

Where else courts name it

IL 43 (1977–2026) NY 42 (1897–2017) CA 39 (1915–2023) LA 38 (1971–2025) IN 34 (1990–2025) TX 33 (1915–2026) MI 21 (1983–2025) GA 16 (1929–2026) WA 15 (1982–2019) PA 15 (1919–2025) MO 15 (1980–2025) NJ 10 (1979–2024) UT 10 (1998–2023) FL 9 (1978–2026) VA 9 (1991–2024) CT 9 (1994–2019) AR 8 (1942–2015) SC 7 (2007–2022) MA 7 (1959–2020) TN 7 (1956–2026) OH 7 (1989–2025) WY 6 (1981–2019) IA 6 (1988–2016) NM 6 (1985–2011) KY 6 (1915–2025) RI 6 (1969–2012) MD 5 (1976–2025) NV 5 (1983–2012) KS 5 (1975–2007) ID 5 (1993–2019) ND 5 (1980–2021) AZ 4 (1975–2018) MN 4 (1988–2009) MS 4 (1978–2007) HI 4 (2001–2020) ME 4 (2004–2022) MT 4 (2003–2009) SD 3 (2005–2026) DC 3 (1993–2011) AL 3 (1967–1986) VT 2 (1922–1986) WV 2 (1893–1997) DE 2 (2014–2019) OR 2 (1984–1999) WI 2 (2006–2006) NC 2 (2000–2019) OK 2 (1994–2016)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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