agreement bar (New York) · Go Syfert
← New York issues

agreement bar in New York

98 New York opinions name it 12 courts 1885–2026 4 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by New York courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (32)

CaseFollowedCited
People v. Evansgreen
ny · 2000 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
2 sentences

2015Initially, we reject plaintiffs contention that Supreme Court was required to rule that defendants were liable for breaching the agreement by the doctrine of the law of the case, which bars courts from reconsidering “pre-judgment rulings made by courts of coordinate jurisdiction” in the same case (People v Evans, 94 NY2d 499, 503 [2000]; accord Gadani v DeBrino Caulking Assoc., Inc., 86 AD3d 689, 691 [2011]).

2015Initially, we reject plaintiffs contention that Supreme Court was required to rule that defendants were liable for breaching the agreement by the doctrine of the law of the case, which bars courts from reconsidering “pre-judgment rulings made by courts of coordinate jurisdiction” in the same case (People v Evans, 94 NY2d 499, 503 [2000]; accord Gadani v DeBrino Caulking Assoc., Inc., 86 AD3d 689, 691 [2011]).

22
Gadani v. Debrino Caulking Associates, Inc.green
nyappdiv · 2011 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
2 sentences

2015Initially, we reject plaintiffs contention that Supreme Court was required to rule that defendants were liable for breaching the agreement by the doctrine of the law of the case, which bars courts from reconsidering “pre-judgment rulings made by courts of coordinate jurisdiction” in the same case (People v Evans, 94 NY2d 499, 503 [2000]; accord Gadani v DeBrino Caulking Assoc., Inc., 86 AD3d 689, 691 [2011]).

2015Initially, we reject plaintiffs contention that Supreme Court was required to rule that defendants were liable for breaching the agreement by the doctrine of the law of the case, which bars courts from reconsidering “pre-judgment rulings made by courts of coordinate jurisdiction” in the same case (People v Evans, 94 NY2d 499, 503 [2000]; accord Gadani v DeBrino Caulking Assoc., Inc., 86 AD3d 689, 691 [2011]).

22
Brown v. Stategreen
nyappdiv · 1998 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
2 sentences

2015The doctrine applies only when the prior ruling directly passed upon a question of law that is essential to the determination of the matter (see Scofield v Trustees of Union Coll., 288 AD2d 807, 808 [2001]; Brown v State of New York, 250 AD2d 314, 320 [1998]).

2015The doctrine applies only when the prior ruling directly passed upon a question of law that is essential to the determination of the matter (see Scofield v Trustees of Union Coll., 288 AD2d 807, 808 [2001]; Brown v State of New York, 250 AD2d 314, 320 [1998]).

22
Scofield v. Trustees of Union Collegegreen
nyappdiv · 2001 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
2 sentences

2015The doctrine applies only when the prior ruling directly passed upon a question of law that is essential to the determination of the matter (see Scofield v Trustees of Union Coll., 288 AD2d 807, 808 [2001]; Brown v State of New York, 250 AD2d 314, 320 [1998]).

2015The doctrine applies only when the prior ruling directly passed upon a question of law that is essential to the determination of the matter (see Scofield v Trustees of Union Coll., 288 AD2d 807, 808 [2001]; Brown v State of New York, 250 AD2d 314, 320 [1998]).

22
Dzek v. Desco Vitroglaze of Schenectady, Inc.green
nyappdiv · 2001 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
2 sentences

2013Given Bitner’s admission to the existence of the settlement and reliance on the letter for its terms, the court’s application of the Statute of Frauds and resultant determination that Norelli’s letter did not modify the original agreement was in error (see Dzek v Desco Vitroglaze of Schenectady, 285 AD2d 926, 927 [2001]).

2013Given Bitner’s admission to the existence of the settlement and reliance on the letter for its terms, the court’s application of the Statute of Frauds and resultant determination that Norelli’s letter did not modify the original agreement was in error (see Dzek v Desco Vitroglaze of Schenectady, 285 AD2d 926, 927 [2001]).

22
Arici v. Pomagreen
nyappdiv · 2022 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026There is nothing in the 2019 Agreement which states that the obligations in the 2017 Agreement were extinguished which is a key element to a finding of novation (see Arici v Poma, 202 AD3d 584, 585 [1st Dept 2022] ["the elements of a novation are a previously valid obligation, agreement of the parties to the new obligation, extinguishment of the old obligation, and a valid new contract"]).

11
Facebook, Inc. v. DLA Piper LLP (US)green
nyappdiv · 2015 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
2 sentences

2026Even if the complaint were not barred by the documentary evidence, it should still have been dismissed, as it fails to sufficiently plead all the elements of a cause of action for fraudulent inducement ( see CPLR 3211[a][7]; Eurycleia Partners, LP v Seward & Kissel, LLP , 12 NY3d 553, 559 [2009]; Facebook, Inc. v DLA Piper LLP [US] , 134 AD3d 610, 615 [1st Dept 2015], lv denied 28 NY3d 903 [2016]).

2026Further, plaintiff agreed to purchase the property "as is" and "where is." These terms in the parties' agreement bar plaintiff's claim arising out of reliance on the purported misrepresentations (<i>see</i> <i>Suber v Churchill Owners Corp.</i>, 228 AD3d 414 , 415 [1st Dept 2024]; <i>Dille v Zoelle LLC</i>, 220 AD3d 409 , 410 [1st Dept 2023]).</p> <p>Even if the complaint were not barred by the documentary evidence, it should still have been dismissed, as it fails to sufficiently plead all the elements of a cause of action for fraudulent inducement (<i>see </i>CPLR 3211[a][7]; <i>Eurycleia Par

11
Eurycleia Partners, LP v. Seward & Kissel, LLPgreen
ny · 2009 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
2 sentences

2026Even if the complaint were not barred by the documentary evidence, it should still have been dismissed, as it fails to sufficiently plead all the elements of a cause of action for fraudulent inducement ( see CPLR 3211[a][7]; Eurycleia Partners, LP v Seward & Kissel, LLP , 12 NY3d 553, 559 [2009]; Facebook, Inc. v DLA Piper LLP [US] , 134 AD3d 610, 615 [1st Dept 2015], lv denied 28 NY3d 903 [2016]).

2026Further, plaintiff agreed to purchase the property "as is" and "where is." These terms in the parties' agreement bar plaintiff's claim arising out of reliance on the purported misrepresentations (<i>see</i> <i>Suber v Churchill Owners Corp.</i>, 228 AD3d 414 , 415 [1st Dept 2024]; <i>Dille v Zoelle LLC</i>, 220 AD3d 409 , 410 [1st Dept 2023]).</p> <p>Even if the complaint were not barred by the documentary evidence, it should still have been dismissed, as it fails to sufficiently plead all the elements of a cause of action for fraudulent inducement (<i>see </i>CPLR 3211[a][7]; <i>Eurycleia Par

11
Wilk v. Columbia Universitygreen
nyappdiv · 2017 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
2 sentences

2025The court properly dismissed the claims for common-law indemnification, and contribution, [*2]which also require a finding of negligence ( see Wilk v Columbia Univ. , 150 AD3d 502, 503-504 [1st Dept 2017]).

2025The court properly dismissed the claims for common-law indemnification, and contribution, [*2]which also require a finding of negligence ( see Wilk v Columbia Univ. , 150 AD3d 502, 503-504 [1st Dept 2017]).

11
Sager v. Friedmangreen
ny · 1936 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
1 sentence

2018Sager v Friedman, 270 NY 472, 479-481 [1936]; see also Danaan Realty Corp. v Harris, 5 NY2d 317, 319, 323 [1959]).

11
Danann Realty Corp. v. Harrisgreen
ny · 1959 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
1 sentence

2018Sager v Friedman, 270 NY 472, 479-481 [1936]; see also Danaan Realty Corp. v Harris, 5 NY2d 317, 319, 323 [1959]).

11
Glenn v. Annunziatagreen
nyappdiv · 2010 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
1 sentence

2015Contrary to the defendants’ contention, the exculpatory clause in the subject amended and restated limited partnership agreement did not clearly and unequivocally insulate the defendants from liability for their own negligent acts and, thus, the agreement does not bar or conclusively dispose of a cause of action alleging that the defendants’ negligent conduct caused *741 or contributed to the plaintiffs’ damages (see Gross v Sweet, 49 NY2d 102, 107-108 [1979]; Glenn v Annunziata, 72 AD3d 886, 887-888 [2010]; Trummer v Niewisch, 17 AD3d 349, 349-350 [2005]; Conteh v Majestic Farms, 292 AD2d 485

11
Trummer v. Niewischgreen
nyappdiv · 2005 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
1 sentence

2015Contrary to the defendants’ contention, the exculpatory clause in the subject amended and restated limited partnership agreement did not clearly and unequivocally insulate the defendants from liability for their own negligent acts and, thus, the agreement does not bar or conclusively dispose of a cause of action alleging that the defendants’ negligent conduct caused *741 or contributed to the plaintiffs’ damages (see Gross v Sweet, 49 NY2d 102, 107-108 [1979]; Glenn v Annunziata, 72 AD3d 886, 887-888 [2010]; Trummer v Niewisch, 17 AD3d 349, 349-350 [2005]; Conteh v Majestic Farms, 292 AD2d 485

11
Conteh v. Majestic Farmsgreen
nyappdiv · 2002 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
1 sentence

2015Contrary to the defendants’ contention, the exculpatory clause in the subject amended and restated limited partnership agreement did not clearly and unequivocally insulate the defendants from liability for their own negligent acts and, thus, the agreement does not bar or conclusively dispose of a cause of action alleging that the defendants’ negligent conduct caused *741 or contributed to the plaintiffs’ damages (see Gross v Sweet, 49 NY2d 102, 107-108 [1979]; Glenn v Annunziata, 72 AD3d 886, 887-888 [2010]; Trummer v Niewisch, 17 AD3d 349, 349-350 [2005]; Conteh v Majestic Farms, 292 AD2d 485

11
Gross v. Sweetgreen
ny · 1979 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
1 sentence

2015Contrary to the defendants’ contention, the exculpatory clause in the subject amended and restated limited partnership agreement did not clearly and unequivocally insulate the defendants from liability for their own negligent acts and, thus, the agreement does not bar or conclusively dispose of a cause of action alleging that the defendants’ negligent conduct caused *741 or contributed to the plaintiffs’ damages (see Gross v Sweet, 49 NY2d 102, 107-108 [1979]; Glenn v Annunziata, 72 AD3d 886, 887-888 [2010]; Trummer v Niewisch, 17 AD3d 349, 349-350 [2005]; Conteh v Majestic Farms, 292 AD2d 485

11
Littman v. Mageegreen
nyappdiv · 2008 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
11
In re the Accounting of United States Trust Co.green
ny · 1957 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
11
Matter of Bieleygreen
ny · 1998 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
11
Blackmon v. Estate of Battcockgreen
ny · 1991 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
1 sentence

2011Notably, this principle of interpretation “is true despite the fact that a literal reading of the portion under construction might yield an inconsistent or contradictory meaning because of the use of awkward language inadvertently or carelessly chosen” (Matter of Fabbri, 2 NY2d at 240; see Matter of Bieley, 91 NY2d at 525 [“where the entire will manifests a general testamentary scheme, it is the duty of the courts to carry out the testator’s purpose, notwithstanding that general rules of interpretation might point to a different result” (internal quotation marks omitted)]; Blackmon v Estate of

11
Atkin v. Hill, Darlington & Grimmgreen
nyappdiv · 1962 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
11
Gillman v. Chase Manhattan Bank, N. A.green
ny · 1988 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
11
Town of Clarkstown v. M.R.O. Pump & Tank, Inc.green
nyappdiv · 2001 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
11
Kaf-Kaf, Inc. v. Rodless Decorations, Inc.green
ny · 1997 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
11
Eredics v. Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A.green
ny · 2003 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
11
Naginsky v. State Farm Life & Accident Assurance Co.green
nyappdiv · 1996 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
11
Silber v. Silbergreen
ny · 2003 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
11
Storozynski v. Storozynskigreen
nyappdiv · 2004 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
11
Gordon v. Ellimangreen
ny · 1954 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
11
Cunnison v. Richardson Greenshields Securities, Inc.green
nyappdiv · 1985 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995
11
Loretto v. Teleprompter Manhattan CATV Corp.green
scotus · 1982 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 1994–1994
11
Loretto v. Teleprompter Manhattan CATV Corp.green
ny · 1981 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 1994–1994
11
Westhill Exports, Ltd. v. Popegreen
ny · 1963 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 1987–1987
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in New York. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (48)

CaseCitedYears
Kel Kim Corp. v. Central Markets, Inc. green
ny · 1987
2 sentences

2014Nor, as defendants contend, was it foreseeable at the time of contracting that plaintiff and Valenti would enter into an agreement to bar contact between each other (cf. Kel Kim, 70 NY2d at 902 ).

2014Nor, as defendants contend, was it foreseeable at the time of contracting that plaintiff and Valenti would enter into an agreement to bar contact between each other (cf. Kel Kim, 70 NY2d at 902 ).

31996–2014
In Re the Accounting of Rhinelander green
ny · 1943
2 sentences

1981To be violative of that statute, it must be shown that the agreement offered inducement to a spouse to end the marriage, usually with a promise of a larger sum of money than would be realized by the recalcitrant spouse if the action were litigated (Matter of Rhinelander, 290 NY 31, 37 ).

1945(Matter of Rhinelander, 290 N. Y. 31 ; 6 Williston on Contracts [Rev. ed.], § 1741.) But the agreement at bar is so directly and completely inconsistent with, and destructive of, plaintiff’s marriage, and defendant’s as well, as to be utterly void in our system of morals.

31945–1981
Wilson v. Le Van green
ny · 1968
2 sentences

1995(See, Wilson v La Van, 22 NY2d 131 [oral promise to convey farm property unenforceable despite improvements since such part performance is not unequivocally referable to an agreement to convey and is equally consistent with landlord-tenant relationship].)” (Cunnison v Richardson Greenshields Sec., 107 AD2d 50, 54 [1st Dept 1985].) Importantly, SLU, as in Gonyo v Drake Univ. ( 837 F Supp 989 [SD Iowa 1993]), continues to offer its financial assistance despite termination of the wrestling program.

1985(See, Wilson v La Van, 22 NY2d 131 [oral promise to convey farm property unenforceable despite improvements since such part performance is not unequivocally referable to an agreement to convey and is equally consistent with landlord-tenant relationship].) In New York, the part performance of an oral contract for employment, not to be performed within a year, does not remove the contract from the operation of the Statute of Frauds.

21985–1995
Pallone v. New York Telephone Co. neutral
nyappdiv · 1970
2 sentences

1994Co., 34 AD2d 1091 , affd 30 NY2d 865 ; Historic Estates v United Paper Bd. Co., supra, at 348; Sanzone v Niagara Mohawk Power Corp., 36 Misc 2d 279, 283 , affd 19 AD2d 861 , lv denied 13 NY2d 601 ; see also, Loretto v Teleprompter Manhattan CATV Corp., 53 NY2d 124, 135, revd on other grounds 458 US 419 ).

1981Co., 34 AD2d 1091 , affd 30 NY2d 865 ; Historic Estates v United Paper Bd. Co., 260 App Div 344 , affd 285 NY 658 ; see Butterworth v Crawford, 46 NY 349 ; 17 NY Jur, Easements & Licenses, § 187, p 482; Ann., 74 ALR 1250 ).

21981–1994
Pallone v. New York Telephone Co. neutral
ny · 1972
2 sentences

1994Co., 34 AD2d 1091 , affd 30 NY2d 865 ; Historic Estates v United Paper Bd. Co., supra, at 348; Sanzone v Niagara Mohawk Power Corp., 36 Misc 2d 279, 283 , affd 19 AD2d 861 , lv denied 13 NY2d 601 ; see also, Loretto v Teleprompter Manhattan CATV Corp., 53 NY2d 124, 135, revd on other grounds 458 US 419 ).

1981Co., 34 AD2d 1091 , affd 30 NY2d 865 ; Historic Estates v United Paper Bd. Co., 260 App Div 344 , affd 285 NY 658 ; see Butterworth v Crawford, 46 NY 349 ; 17 NY Jur, Easements & Licenses, § 187, p 482; Ann., 74 ALR 1250 ).

21981–1994
1130 President St. Corp. v. Bolton Realty Corp. green
ny · 1949
2 sentences

1980Corp. v. Bolton Realty Corp., 300 N. Y. 63, 68 ).” (Supra, p 333.) The court found that even though there were memoranda of agreement prepared after oral negotiations, there was no indication as to the date on which the arrangement was to be commenced nor as to the method of payment, nor as to the rights of the parties in the event of various contingencies coming to pass.

1960Corp. v. Bolton Realty Corp., 300 N. Y. 63, 68 ).

21960–1980
Schmelzel v. Schmelzel green
ny · 1941
2 sentences

1960(Hettich v. Hettich, 304 N. Y. 8, 14 ; Holahan v. Holahan, 298 N. Y. 798 ; Schmelzel v. Schmelzel, 287 N. Y. 21, 25-26 ; Goldman v. Goldman, 282 N. Y. 296 ; Galusha v. Galusha, 116 N. Y. 635, 645 .) The agreement at bar requires the provision for the support of the infant to be part of any divorce decree; consequently, the adoption by the Texas court of the said provision for support did not serve to merge the agreement with the decree.

1947(Johnson v. Johnson, 206 N. Y. 561 ; Stoddard v. Stoddard, 227 N. Y. 13 ; Goldman v. Goldman, 282 N. Y. 296 ; Schmehel v. Sehmelzel, 287 N. Y. 21 ; Oarlson v. Carlson, 269 App. Div. 21 .) It appears from the evidence that the defendant has faithfully performed his obligations under the separation agreement and that it is a valid and subsisting agreement. - The agreement is therefore a bar to this separation action and to plaintiff’s application for counsel fees.

21947–1960
Galusha v. . Galusha green
ny · 1889
2 sentences

1960(Hettich v. Hettich, 304 N. Y. 8, 14 ; Holahan v. Holahan, 298 N. Y. 798 ; Schmelzel v. Schmelzel, 287 N. Y. 21, 25-26 ; Goldman v. Goldman, 282 N. Y. 296 ; Galusha v. Galusha, 116 N. Y. 635, 645 .) The agreement at bar requires the provision for the support of the infant to be part of any divorce decree; consequently, the adoption by the Texas court of the said provision for support did not serve to merge the agreement with the decree.

1921So holding in the case of Galusha v. Galusha, supra, the court said: ‘ ‘ The argument that upon the granting of the decree of divorce there was a failure of consideration to support the agreement is without force.” Clearly that would be so.

21921–1960
Goldman v. Goldman green
ny · 1940
2 sentences

1960(Hettich v. Hettich, 304 N. Y. 8, 14 ; Holahan v. Holahan, 298 N. Y. 798 ; Schmelzel v. Schmelzel, 287 N. Y. 21, 25-26 ; Goldman v. Goldman, 282 N. Y. 296 ; Galusha v. Galusha, 116 N. Y. 635, 645 .) The agreement at bar requires the provision for the support of the infant to be part of any divorce decree; consequently, the adoption by the Texas court of the said provision for support did not serve to merge the agreement with the decree.

1947(Johnson v. Johnson, 206 N. Y. 561 ; Stoddard v. Stoddard, 227 N. Y. 13 ; Goldman v. Goldman, 282 N. Y. 296 ; Schmehel v. Sehmelzel, 287 N. Y. 21 ; Oarlson v. Carlson, 269 App. Div. 21 .) It appears from the evidence that the defendant has faithfully performed his obligations under the separation agreement and that it is a valid and subsisting agreement. - The agreement is therefore a bar to this separation action and to plaintiff’s application for counsel fees.

21947–1960
Gould v. Gould neutral
nyappdiv · 1941
2 sentences

1951Agreements which fall within the ban of the doctrine are those which “ promote ”, “ stimulate ” or “ facilitate ” the procurement of a divorce (Schley v. Andrews, 225 N. Y. 110 ; Gould v. Gould, 261 App. Div. 733 ; Matter of Rhinelander, 290 N. Y. 31, 37 ).

1945(Gould v. Gould, 261 App. Div. 733 ; Sweinhart v. Bamberger, 166 Misc. 256 , affd. 254 App. Div. 665 .) A like result is reached on other, if narrower, grounds.

21945–1951
Reed v. . Randall green
ny · 1864
2 sentences

1897(Reed v. Randall, 29 N. Y. 358 .) It is suggested by the appellant that the doctrine stated in Reed v. Randall (supra) does not apply to contracts for the erection of structures upon, and additions to real property, of such a character that- a mechanic’s lien will attach for the price of the material furnished.

1897Reed v. Randall, 29 N. Y. 358 .

21897–1897
Board of Mgrs. v. Chavez green
ny · 2016
2 sentences

2026Even if the complaint were not barred by the documentary evidence, it should still have been dismissed, as it fails to sufficiently plead all the elements of a cause of action for fraudulent inducement ( see CPLR 3211[a][7]; Eurycleia Partners, LP v Seward & Kissel, LLP , 12 NY3d 553, 559 [2009]; Facebook, Inc. v DLA Piper LLP [US] , 134 AD3d 610, 615 [1st Dept 2015], lv denied 28 NY3d 903 [2016]).

2026Further, plaintiff agreed to purchase the property "as is" and "where is." These terms in the parties' agreement bar plaintiff's claim arising out of reliance on the purported misrepresentations (<i>see</i> <i>Suber v Churchill Owners Corp.</i>, 228 AD3d 414 , 415 [1st Dept 2024]; <i>Dille v Zoelle LLC</i>, 220 AD3d 409 , 410 [1st Dept 2023]).</p> <p>Even if the complaint were not barred by the documentary evidence, it should still have been dismissed, as it fails to sufficiently plead all the elements of a cause of action for fraudulent inducement (<i>see </i>CPLR 3211[a][7]; <i>Eurycleia Par

12026–2026
The People of the State of New York v., Sprint Nextel Corp. neutral
ny · 2015
1 sentence

2021This includes the part of the claim seeking damages caused within the five-year contractual limitations period but not realized until after the period has expired, as the nature of reverse mortgages is such that a servicer, such as plaintiff, often does not see a loss until the loan is terminated, which is generally upon the sale of the property or the death of the mortgagee ( see Remet Corp. v Estate of Pyne, 26 NY3d 58 [2015]).

12021–2021
Counties of Warren & Washington Industrial Development Agency v. Boychuck green
nyappdiv · 1985
1 sentence

2016Agency v Boychuck, 109 AD2d 1024 [3d Dept 1985].) Although the language used in the agency tax agreement herein is very similar to that found invalid in Barker, the court concludes that the IDA’s determination to enter into the agreement was not a violation of lawful procedure, affected by error of law, arbitrary and capricious, or an abuse of discretion.

12016–2016
Matter of Feinberg green
ny · 2005
12009–2009
Carmine v. Murphy green
ny · 1941
12008–2008
Scotto v. Mei green
nyappdiv · 1996
12008–2008
American Motorist Insurance Company v. Morris Goldman Real Estate Corp. green
nysd · 2003
12006–2006
Burkhart v. Quilici green
scotus · 2003
12004–2004
Curley v. Giltrop green
ny · 1986
12004–2004
TNS Holdings, Inc. v. MKI Securities Corp. green
nyappdiv · 1997
11998–1998
Matisoff v. Dobi green
ny · 1997
11997–1997
Matisoff v. Dobi green
nyappdiv · 1996
11997–1997
City of New York v. Local 333, Marine Division, International Longshoremen's Ass'n green
nyappdiv · 1981
11996–1996
City of New York v. Local 333, Marine Division, International Longshoremen's Ass'n neutral
ny · 1982
11996–1996
Gonyo v. Drake University green
iasd · 1993
11995–1995
Sanzone v. Niagara Mohawk Power Corp. neutral
nysupct · 1962
11994–1994
Carr v. Town of Fleming green
nyappdiv · 1986
11994–1994
Darling v. Darling neutral
ny · 1934
11992–1992
In re the Estate of Lynch green
nysurct · 1935
11992–1992
Bock v. Bock green
nyappdiv · 1986
11992–1992
Garguilio v. Garguilio green
nyappdiv · 1990
11992–1992
In re Tuthill green
nyappdiv · 1939
11992–1992
Darling v. Darling neutral
nyappdiv · 1934
11992–1992
Szerdahelyi v. Harris green
ny · 1986
11992–1992
Garfield v. Equitable Life Assurance Society of United States neutral
nysupct · 1957
11991–1991
Lawrence v. Smith neutral
nyappdiv · 1957
11991–1991
In re the Estate of Maslanka green
nysurct · 1970
11990–1990
In re the Estate of Bowen neutral
nysurct · 1973
11990–1990
Marco v. Sachs green
ny · 1962
11988–1988

Where else courts name it

NY 98 (1885–2026) TX 85 (1912–2026) CA 71 (1902–2024) IL 49 (1917–2025) GA 37 (1939–2026) PA 35 (1811–2023) MI 26 (1941–2023) FL 18 (1903–2021) MD 17 (1977–2022) OH 17 (1941–2025) CT 16 (1982–2024) MO 16 (1865–2024) AZ 15 (1977–2026) MA 15 (1862–2018) WA 15 (2004–2025) NC 13 (1922–2014) DE 12 (1989–2024) NE 11 (1928–2015) VA 11 (1913–2025) IN 11 (1839–2007) NJ 11 (1949–2022) OR 10 (1894–2022) WI 9 (1902–2020) NM 8 (1990–2024) OK 8 (1930–2002) AL 8 (1906–2026) WY 8 (1975–2020) MS 7 (1943–2021) LA 7 (1931–2017) TN 7 (1953–2024) WV 6 (1890–2017) MT 6 (1906–1997) NV 5 (1882–2020) SD 5 (1977–2026) IA 5 (1890–2018) MN 5 (1867–2024) RI 5 (1985–2026) SC 4 (1983–2020) ME 4 (1957–2010) ID 4 (1927–2023) VT 3 (1997–2022) KS 3 (1912–1993) AR 2 (1918–1928) CO 2 (1984–1991) HI 2 (1939–2009) DC 2 (2009–2021) KY 2 (1933–1952)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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