diminished capacity defense (Arizona) · Go Syfert
← Arizona issues

diminished capacity defense in Arizona

12 Arizona opinions name it 2 courts 1995–2024 2 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Arizona courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (19)

CaseFollowedCited
State v. Mottgreen
ariz · 1997 · cited in 9 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 1997–2024
2 sentences

2024We remand to the superior court to determine whether Gilpin is eligible for restitution, the amount of restitution owed, whether Martinez is liable for restitution payments while suffering from a mental disease or defect, and for further proceedings consistent with this Opinion. criminal liability); see also State v. Mott, 187 Ariz. 536 , 544–55 (1997) (holding that expert testimony of mental incapacity cannot be used to establish a diminished-capacity defense by negating a crime’s mens rea). 12

2019The Mott Court similarly declined to adopt MPC § 4.02(1) after considering legislative policy. 187 Ariz. at 541 , 931 P.2d at 1051 ("Because the legislature has not provided for a diminished capacity defense, we have since consistently refused to allow psychiatric testimony to negate specific intent."); see also State v. Laffoon , 125 Ariz. 484 , 486, 610 P.2d 1045 , 1047 (1980) ("Since the legislature has not seen fit to provide for a defense of diminished responsibility, we have consistently declined to allow psychiatric testimony to negate specific intent."). ¶27 Although this Court is cons

49
United States v. Pohlot, Stephengreen
ca3 · 1987 · cited in 2 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 1997–2019
2 sentences

2019See Pohlot , 827 F.2d at 897 (noting that "[p]roperly understood, [ MPC § 4.02 ] is therefore not a defense at all but merely a rule of evidence").

1997See Cameron, 907 F.2d at 1061 ; United States v. Bartlett, 856 F.2d 1071, 1079-81 (8th Cir.1988); United States v. Twine, 853 F.2d 676, 678 (9th Cir.1988); Pohlot, 827 F.2d at 897 .

22
State v. Laffoongreen
ariz · 1980 · cited in 2 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 1997–2019
2 sentences

2019The Mott Court similarly declined to adopt MPC § 4.02(1) after considering legislative policy. 187 Ariz. at 541 , 931 P.2d at 1051 ("Because the legislature has not provided for a diminished capacity defense, we have since consistently refused to allow psychiatric testimony to negate specific intent."); see also State v. Laffoon , 125 Ariz. 484 , 486, 610 P.2d 1045 , 1047 (1980) ("Since the legislature has not seen fit to provide for a defense of diminished responsibility, we have consistently declined to allow psychiatric testimony to negate specific intent."). ¶27 Although this Court is cons

2019The Mott Court similarly declined to adopt MPC § 4.02(1) after considering legislative policy. 187 Ariz. at 541 , 931 P.2d at 1051 ("Because the legislature has not provided for a diminished capacity defense, we have since consistently refused to allow psychiatric testimony to negate specific intent."); see also State v. Laffoon , 125 Ariz. 484 , 486, 610 P.2d 1045 , 1047 (1980) ("Since the legislature has not seen fit to provide for a defense of diminished responsibility, we have consistently declined to allow psychiatric testimony to negate specific intent."). ¶27 Although this Court is cons

22
Clark v. Arizonagreen
scotus · 2006 · cited in 2 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 2017–2018
2 sentences

2018Because the legislature had purposely declined to adopt a 1962 Model Penal Code provision that permitted a diminished-capacity defense to a criminal charge, we concluded that "Arizona does not allow evidence of a defendant's mental disorder short of insanity either as an affirmative defense or to negate the mens rea element of a crime." Id . at 540-41, 931 P.2d at 1050-51 ; see also A.R.S. § 13-502 (allowing only mental disorders or defects that constitute legal insanity as a defense to criminal responsibility); Clark v. Arizona , 548 U.S. 735 , 762, 126 S.Ct. 2709 , 165 L.Ed.2d 842 (2006) ("

2018Because the legislature had purposely declined to adopt a 1962 Model Penal Code provision that permitted a diminished-capacity defense to a criminal charge, we concluded that "Arizona does not allow evidence of a defendant's mental disorder short of insanity either as an affirmative defense or to negate the mens rea element of a crime." Id . at 540-41, 931 P.2d at 1050-51 ; see also A.R.S. § 13-502 (allowing only mental disorders or defects that constitute legal insanity as a defense to criminal responsibility); Clark v. Arizona , 548 U.S. 735 , 762, 126 S.Ct. 2709 , 165 L.Ed.2d 842 (2006) ("

12
State of Arizona v. Andre Michael Letevegreen
ariz · 2015 · cited in 2 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
2 sentences

2018Because the legislature had purposely declined to adopt a 1962 Model Penal Code provision that permitted a diminished-capacity defense to a criminal charge, we concluded that "Arizona does not allow evidence of a defendant's mental disorder short of insanity either as an affirmative defense or to negate the mens rea element of a crime." Id . at 540-41, 931 P.2d at 1050-51 ; see also A.R.S. § 13-502 (allowing only mental disorders or defects that constitute legal insanity as a defense to criminal responsibility); Clark v. Arizona , 548 U.S. 735 , 762, 126 S.Ct. 2709 , 165 L.Ed.2d 842 (2006) ("

2018Because the legislature had purposely declined to adopt a 1962 Model Penal Code provision that permitted a diminished-capacity defense to a criminal charge, we concluded that "Arizona does not allow evidence of a defendant's mental disorder short of insanity either as an affirmative defense or to negate the mens rea element of a crime." Id . at 540-41, 931 P.2d at 1050-51 ; see also A.R.S. § 13-502 (allowing only mental disorders or defects that constitute legal insanity as a defense to criminal responsibility); Clark v. Arizona , 548 U.S. 735 , 762, 126 S.Ct. 2709 , 165 L.Ed.2d 842 (2006) ("

12
Readenour v. Marion Power Shovelgreen
ariz · 1986 · cited in 1 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
2 sentences

2019See Readenour v. Marion Power Shovel, a Div. of Dresser Indus., Inc. , 149 Ariz. 442 , 446, 719 P.2d 1058 , 1060 (1986) ("Under our constitutional rule-making power we cannot let the legislature define what is relevant; however, when it is appropriate we may defer to legislative decisions regarding the use or exclusion of relevant evidence to promote substantive goals of public policy such as accident prevention.").

2019See Readenour v. Marion Power Shovel, a Div. of Dresser Indus., Inc. , 149 Ariz. 442 , 446, 719 P.2d 1058 , 1060 (1986) ("Under our constitutional rule-making power we cannot let the legislature define what is relevant; however, when it is appropriate we may defer to legislative decisions regarding the use or exclusion of relevant evidence to promote substantive goals of public policy such as accident prevention.").

11
State v. Huntergreen
ariz · 1984 · cited in 1 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007Fundamental error is “ ‘error going to the foundation of the case, error that takes from the defendant a right essential to [the] defense, and error of such magnitude that the defendant could not possibly have received a fair trial.’ ” State v. Henderson, 210 Ariz. 561, ¶ 19 , 115 P.3d 601, 607 (2005), quoting State v. Hunter, 142 Ariz. 88, 90 , 688 P.2d 980, 982 (1984).

2007Fundamental error is “ ‘error going to the foundation of the case, error that takes from the defendant a right essential to [the] defense, and error of such magnitude that the defendant could not possibly have received a fair trial.’ ” State v. Henderson, 210 Ariz. 561, ¶ 19 , 115 P.3d 601, 607 (2005), quoting State v. Hunter, 142 Ariz. 88, 90 , 688 P.2d 980, 982 (1984).

11
State v. Hendersongreen
ariz · 2005 · cited in 1 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007Fundamental error is “ ‘error going to the foundation of the case, error that takes from the defendant a right essential to [the] defense, and error of such magnitude that the defendant could not possibly have received a fair trial.’ ” State v. Henderson, 210 Ariz. 561, ¶ 19 , 115 P.3d 601, 607 (2005), quoting State v. Hunter, 142 Ariz. 88, 90 , 688 P.2d 980, 982 (1984).

2007Fundamental error is “ ‘error going to the foundation of the case, error that takes from the defendant a right essential to [the] defense, and error of such magnitude that the defendant could not possibly have received a fair trial.’ ” State v. Henderson, 210 Ariz. 561, ¶ 19 , 115 P.3d 601, 607 (2005), quoting State v. Hunter, 142 Ariz. 88, 90 , 688 P.2d 980, 982 (1984).

11
Long v. Corvogreen
arizctapp · 1981 · cited in 1 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 2000–2000
2 sentences

2000See id.

2000See id.

11
State v. Briggsgreen
ariz · 1975 · cited in 1 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
2 sentences

1997State v. Ramos, 133 Ariz. 4, 6 , 648 P.2d 119, 121 (1982); State v. Laffoon, 125 Ariz. 484, 486 , 610 P.2d 1045, 1047 (1980); State v. Briggs, 112 Ariz. 379, 382 , 542 P.2d 804, 807 (1975).

1997State v. Ramos, 133 Ariz. 4, 6 , 648 P.2d 119, 121 (1982); State v. Laffoon, 125 Ariz. 484, 486 , 610 P.2d 1045, 1047 (1980); State v. Briggs, 112 Ariz. 379, 382 , 542 P.2d 804, 807 (1975).

11
United States v. James Twinegreen
ca9 · 1988 · cited in 1 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
2 sentences

1997See Cameron, 907 F.2d at 1061 ; United States v. Bartlett, 856 F.2d 1071, 1079-81 (8th Cir.1988); United States v. Twine, 853 F.2d 676, 678 (9th Cir.1988); Pohlot, 827 F.2d at 897 .

1997But as many courts have recognized, “the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity.” United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

11
United States v. John David Bartlettgreen
ca8 · 1988 · cited in 1 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
11
State v. Ramosgreen
ariz · 1982 · cited in 1 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
2 sentences

1997State v. Ramos, 133 Ariz. 4, 6 , 648 P.2d 119, 121 (1982); State v. Laffoon, 125 Ariz. 484, 486 , 610 P.2d 1045, 1047 (1980); State v. Briggs, 112 Ariz. 379, 382 , 542 P.2d 804, 807 (1975).

1997State v. Ramos, 133 Ariz. 4, 6 , 648 P.2d 119, 121 (1982); State v. Laffoon, 125 Ariz. 484, 486 , 610 P.2d 1045, 1047 (1980); State v. Briggs, 112 Ariz. 379, 382 , 542 P.2d 804, 807 (1975).

11
United States v. Karen Camerongreen
ca11 · 1990 · cited in 1 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
2 sentences

1997See Cameron, 907 F.2d at 1061 ; United States v. Bartlett, 856 F.2d 1071, 1079-81 (8th Cir.1988); United States v. Twine, 853 F.2d 676, 678 (9th Cir.1988); Pohlot, 827 F.2d at 897 .

1997But as many courts have recognized, “the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity.” United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

11
Charles G. Rhodes v. United Statesgreen
ca4 · 1960 · cited in 1 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
11
United States v. Archie W. Brawnergreen
cadc · 1972 · cited in 1 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
2 sentences

1997But as many courts have recognized, “the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity.” United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

1997But as many courts have recognized, "the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity." United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

11
United States v. Odell Bennettgreen
ca10 · 1976 · cited in 1 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
2 sentences

1997But as many courts have recognized, “the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity.” United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

1997But as many courts have recognized, "the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity." United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

11
United States v. Lonnie Paul Staggsgreen
ca7 · 1977 · cited in 1 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
2 sentences

1997But as many courts have recognized, “the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity.” United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

1997But as many courts have recognized, "the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity." United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

11
State v. Drukegreen
arizctapp · 1984 · cited in 1 Arizona opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Arizona. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (20)

CaseCitedYears
State v. Schantz green
ariz · 1965
2 sentences

1997Furthermore, we found that this Court does not have the authority to adopt the diminished capacity defense. 98 Ariz. at 212-13 , 403 P.2d at 529 .

1997Furthermore, we found that this Court does not have the authority to adopt the diminished capacity defense. 98 Ariz. at 212-13 , 403 P.2d at 529 .

21997–2019
State v. Smyers green
ariz · 2004
2 sentences

2007In this case our expert was going to testify that [Wright’s] mental capacity was lowered and that he is a naive-type of person.” The state argued the first trial judge had “already ruled in favor of the State regarding the requested testimony,” and that ruling was “the law of the case.” The state also characterized the proposed testimony as supporting “a diminished capacity defense which is expressly prohibited under Arizona law.” The trial court agreed and precluded the testimony. ¶ 9 As a preliminary matter, “[t]he courts of this state are bound by the decisions of [the Arizona Supreme Court

2007In this case our expert was going to testify that [Wright’s] mental capacity was lowered and that he is a naive-type of person.” The state argued the first trial judge had “already ruled in favor of the State regarding the requested testimony,” and that ruling was “the law of the case.” The state also characterized the proposed testimony as supporting “a diminished capacity defense which is expressly prohibited under Arizona law.” The trial court agreed and precluded the testimony. ¶ 9 As a preliminary matter, “[t]he courts of this state are bound by the decisions of [the Arizona Supreme Court

22007–2007
State v. Martinez green
ariz · 2005
2 sentences

2007Based on our review of the record, we agree that Wright generally challenged the Mott rule rejecting the diminished capacity defense, but did not argue below that the trial court had improperly precluded the type of observation evidence admissible under Mott 4 ¶ 14 Because Wright failed to raise this ground below, he has “forfeited] the right to obtain appellate relief unless [he] prove[s] that fundamental error occurred.” State v. Martinez, 210 Ariz. 578, n. 2 , 115 P.3d 618 , 620 n. 2, cert. denied, — U.S. -, 126 S.Ct. 762 , 163 L.Ed.2d 592 (2005).

2007Based on our review of the record, we agree that Wright generally challenged the Mott rule rejecting the diminished capacity defense, but did not argue below that the trial court had improperly precluded the type of observation evidence admissible under Mott 4 ¶ 14 Because Wright failed to raise this ground below, he has “forfeited] the right to obtain appellate relief unless [he] prove[s] that fundamental error occurred.” State v. Martinez, 210 Ariz. 578, n. 2 , 115 P.3d 618 , 620 n. 2, cert. denied, — U.S. -, 126 S.Ct. 762 , 163 L.Ed.2d 592 (2005).

22007–2007
Cohen v. Oregon green
scotus · 2005
2 sentences

2007Based on our review of the record, we agree that Wright generally challenged the Mott rule rejecting the diminished capacity defense, but did not argue below that the trial court had improperly precluded the type of observation evidence admissible under Mott 4 ¶ 14 Because Wright failed to raise this ground below, he has “forfeited] the right to obtain appellate relief unless [he] prove[s] that fundamental error occurred.” State v. Martinez, 210 Ariz. 578, n. 2 , 115 P.3d 618 , 620 n. 2, cert. denied, — U.S. -, 126 S.Ct. 762 , 163 L.Ed.2d 592 (2005).

2007Wright’s argument below was confined to a direct challenge to State v. Mott, 187 Ariz. 536 , 931 P.2d 1046 (1997), and did not, in any way, suggest the testimony was admissible under Mott. 8 ¶14 Because Wright failed to raise this ground below, he has “forfeit[ed] the right to obtain appellate relief unless [he] prove[s] that fundamental error occurred.” State v. Martinez, 210 Ariz. 578, n.2 , 115 P.3d 618 , 620 n.2, cert. denied, __ U.S. __, 126 S. Ct. 762 (2005).

22007–2007
State of Arizona v. Darrel Peter Pandeli green
ariz · 2017
1 sentence

2024State v. Pandeli, 242 Ariz. 175 , 180 ¶ 4 (2017). ¶5 First, Kashkool argues defense counsel erred by not raising a diminished capacity defense or admitting a letter Kashkool wrote to the bank explaining his mental health problems.

12024–2024
State v. Buot green
arizctapp · 2013
2 sentences

2017Similarly, in State v. Buot, 232 Ariz. 432 , 306 P.3d 89 (App. 2013), the defendant sought to introduce evidence that he had “behavior consistent with an intermittent explosive disorder and that his actions are reflexive and therefore impulsive and not the result of a conscious thought process.” Id. ¶ 11.

2017Similarly, in State v. Buot, 232 Ariz. 432 , 306 P.3d 89 (App. 2013), the defendant sought to introduce evidence that he had “behavior consistent with an intermittent explosive disorder and that his actions are reflexive and therefore impulsive and not the result of a conscious thought process.” Id. ¶ 11.

12017–2017
State v. Wright green
arizctapp · 2007
2 sentences

2017The court in Mott observed that our legislature declined to adopt a diminished capacity defense when given the opportunity, id. at 540-41 , 931 P.2d at 1050-51 , and instead confined “any consideration of characteristic behavior associated with mental disease” to its bearing on an insanity defense, 4 Clark v. Arizona, 548 U.S. 735, 762 , 126 S.Ct. 2709 , 166 L.Ed.2d 842 (2006); Wright, 214 Ariz. 540, ¶ 15 , 155 P.3d at 1069 . ¶ 16 In Mott , our supreme court affirmed preclusion of evidence that “battered-woman syndrome” and low intelligence diminished the defendant’s capacity to decide to seek

2017The court in Mott observed that our legislature declined to adopt a diminished capacity defense when given the opportunity, id. at 540-41 , 931 P.2d at 1050-51 , and instead confined “any consideration of characteristic behavior associated with mental disease” to its bearing on an insanity defense, 4 Clark v. Arizona, 548 U.S. 735, 762 , 126 S.Ct. 2709 , 166 L.Ed.2d 842 (2006); Wright, 214 Ariz. 540, ¶ 15 , 155 P.3d at 1069 . ¶ 16 In Mott , our supreme court affirmed preclusion of evidence that “battered-woman syndrome” and low intelligence diminished the defendant’s capacity to decide to seek

12017–2017
Walters v. City of St. Louis green
scotus · 1954
11997–1997
State v. Gonzales green
ariz · 1984
2 sentences

1997Id. at 351-52 , 681 P.2d at 1370-71 .

1997Id. at 351-52 , 681 P.2d at 1370-71 .

11997–1997
United States v. Paul Fazzini green
ca7 · 1989
1 sentence

1997But as many courts have recognized, “the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity.” United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

11997–1997
Ritholz v. Michigan neutral
scotus · 1960
11997–1997
Renfield Importers, Ltd. v. Brandt green
scotus · 1960
1 sentence

1997But as many courts have recognized, “the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity.” United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

11997–1997
Rhodes v. United States neutral
scotus · 1960
1 sentence

1997But as many courts have recognized, “the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity.” United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

11997–1997
United States v. Anthony J. Demma, United States of America v. Henry Brulay green
ca9 · 1975
2 sentences

1997But as many courts have recognized, “the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity.” United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

1997But as many courts have recognized, "the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity." United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

11997–1997
Raines v. United States green
scotus · 1976
2 sentences

1997But as many courts have recognized, “the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity.” United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

1997But as many courts have recognized, "the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity." United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

11997–1997
Collier v. United States green
scotus · 1976
2 sentences

1997But as many courts have recognized, “the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity.” United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

1997But as many courts have recognized, "the use of expert testimony for this purpose is entirely distinct from the use of such testimony to relieve a defendant of criminal responsibility based on the insanity defense or one of its variants, such as diminished capacity." United States v. Pohlot, 827 F.2d 889, 897 (3rd Cir.1987) (citing United States v. Demma, 523 F.2d 981 , 986 n. 14 (9th Cir.1975)), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1011 , 108 S.Ct. 710 , 98 L.Ed.2d 660 (1988); United States v. Staggs, 553 F.2d 1073, 1075 (7th Cir.1977); United States v. Bennett, 539 F.2d 45, 53 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 4

11997–1997
General Electric Co. v. M/V Nedlloyd Rouen green
scotus · 1988
11997–1997
Teamsters Local No. 728 v. Mims green
scotus · 1988
11997–1997
Watts v. Johnson green
scotus · 1989
11997–1997
Fazzini v. United States green
scotus · 1989
11997–1997

Statutes the citing opinions construe

AZ § Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 13-502 (6) AZ § Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-120.21 (3) AZ § Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 13-105 (3) AZ § Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 13-1105 (3) AZ § Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 13-3623 (3) AZ § Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 13-4401 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 178 (1967–2026) PA 141 (1979–2026) WA 114 (1981–2026) NJ 56 (1985–2026) MI 37 (1982–2026) WV 27 (1983–2024) OH 24 (1982–2023) RI 21 (1980–2016) TX 21 (2005–2026) MO 19 (1981–2025) IA 18 (1986–2020) NC 17 (1997–2025) TN 13 (1993–2024) AZ 12 (1995–2024) MS 12 (1984–2023) AL 12 (1986–2016) VT 12 (1989–2021) IL 12 (1993–2024) FL 11 (1989–2024) KS 10 (1984–2012) AK 10 (1977–2007) NM 8 (1996–2025) NV 7 (1996–2026) LA 6 (1987–2007) NY 6 (1982–2006) MA 5 (1990–2025) MD 5 (1982–2012) MN 5 (1988–2008) UT 5 (1982–2015) DC 5 (1976–2020) MT 4 (1978–1981) WY 3 (1983–2020) VA 3 (1992–2023) WI 3 (1985–2002) OR 3 (1978–2020) NE 2 (1995–2018) SC 2 (2006–2010)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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