seat belt defense in Michigan

9 Michigan opinions name it 2 courts 1969–2003 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Michigan courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (4)

Case	Followed	Cited
Schmitzer v. Misener-Bennett Ford, Inc.green michctapp · 1984 · cited in 3 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 1985–2003 2 sentences 1987Following this change, the Court of Appeals reviewed the rule barring admission of the plaintiff's nonuse of a seat belt under the doctrine of comparative negligence in Schmitzer v Misener-Bennett Ford, 135 Mich App 350 ; 354 NW2d 336 (1984), lv den 422 Mich 852 (1985). 1987Following this change, the Court of Appeals reviewed the rule barring admission of the plaintiff's nonuse of a seat belt under the doctrine of comparative negligence in Schmitzer v Misener-Bennett Ford, 135 Mich App 350 ; 354 NW2d 336 (1984), lv den 422 Mich 852 (1985).	1	3
Lowe v. Estate Motors Ltd.green mich · 1987 · cited in 2 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 1993–2003 2 sentences 2003The statutory seat belt usage requirement and its accompanying provisions are inapplicable 522 in the instant case because: (1) the accident occurred prior to the statute's effective date, (2) plaintiff was a rear-seat passenger to whom the statute, by its terms, would not have applied, and (3) the accident occurred beyond the territorial boundaries of this state where it would not have been contrary to this statute for any passenger not to have used a seat belt. [ Id. at 462-463, 410 N.W.2d 706 .] This section of the opinion received four votes. 1993*Lowe, supra, 475, n 24 .	1	2
State v. Nestergreen wva · 1985 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 1988–1988 1 sentence 1988See, e.g., State v Nester, 336 SE2d 187 (W Va, 1985); Wren v State, 577 P2d 235 (Alas, 1978).	1	1
Placek v. City of Sterling Heightsgreen michctapp · 1974 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 1985–1985 2 sentences 1985See Placek v Sterling Heights, 52 Mich App 619 ; 217 NW2d 900 (1974); Selmo v Baratono, 28 Mich App 217 ; 184 NW2d 367 (1970); Romankewiz v Black, 16 Mich App 119 ; 167 NW2d 606 (1969). 1985See Placek v Sterling Heights, 52 Mich App 619 ; 217 NW2d 900 (1974); Selmo v Baratono, 28 Mich App 217 ; 184 NW2d 367 (1970); Romankewiz v Black, 16 Mich App 119 ; 167 NW2d 606 (1969).	1	1

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Michigan. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (12)

Case	Cited	Years
Placek v. City of Sterling Heights green mich · 1979 2 sentences 2003Schmitzer, supra at 358, n. 5 , 354 N.W.2d 336 . [9] Placek v. Sterling Heights, 405 Mich. 638, 650 , 275 N.W.2d 511 (1979). 2003Schmitzer, supra at 358, n. 5 , 354 N.W.2d 336 . [9] Placek v. Sterling Heights, 405 Mich. 638, 650 , 275 N.W.2d 511 (1979).	2	1987–2003
Virgilio v. Hartfield green michctapp · 1966 2 sentences 1997The opinion, however, is unclear regarding whether the trial court allowed contribution against Mr. Carissimi. n We first address whether the trial court erred in following Virgilio v Hartfield, 4 Mich App 582 ; 145 NW2d 367 (1966), and determining that the contribution action could not proceed on the basis that Mr. Carissimi was not a joint tortfeasor because his liability arose out of the statute rather than out of negligence. 1997The opinion, however, is unclear regarding whether the trial court allowed contribution against Mr. Carissimi. n We first address whether the trial court erred in following Virgilio v Hartfield, 4 Mich App 582 ; 145 NW2d 367 (1966), and determining that the contribution action could not proceed on the basis that Mr. Carissimi was not a joint tortfeasor because his liability arose out of the statute rather than out of negligence.	1	1997–1997
Wren v. State green alaska · 1978 1 sentence 1988See, e.g., State v Nester, 336 SE2d 187 (W Va, 1985); Wren v State, 577 P2d 235 (Alas, 1978).	1	1988–1988
Hampton v. State Highway Commission green kan · 1972 2 sentences 1987In rejecting the seat belt defense, the court quoted Hampton v State Hwy Comm, 209 Kan 565; 498 P2d 236 (1972): "Plaintiff was therefore not violating any statutory duty [in not wearing a seat belt]. 1987In rejecting the seat belt defense, the court quoted Hampton v State Hwy Comm, 209 Kan 565; 498 P2d 236 (1972): "Plaintiff was therefore not violating any statutory duty [in not wearing a seat belt].	1	1987–1987
Placek v. City of Sterling Heights neutral mich · 1979 2 sentences 1987Subsequently, the Court replaced the doctrine of contributory negligence with the doctrine of comparative negligence in Placek v Sterling Heights, 405 Mich 638 ; 275 NW2d 511 (1979), reh den 406 Mich 1119 (1979). [5] The doctrine of comparative negligence provided that proof of a plaintiff's contributory negligence would only be a partial bar to the plaintiff's recovery since the plaintiff could recover damages, but the amount of the damages would be reduced to the extent of the plaintiff's negligent contribution. 1987Subsequently, the Court replaced the doctrine of contributory negligence with the doctrine of comparative negligence in Placek v Sterling Heights, 405 Mich 638 ; 275 NW2d 511 (1979), reh den 406 Mich 1119 (1979). 5 The doctrine of comparative negligence provided that proof of a plaintiff’s contributory negligence would only be a partial bar to the plaintiff’s recovery since the plaintiff could recover damages, but the amount of the damages would be reduced to the extent of the plaintiff’s negligent contribution.	1	1987–1987
Selmo v. Baratono neutral michctapp · 1970 2 sentences 1985See Placek v Sterling Heights, 52 Mich App 619 ; 217 NW2d 900 (1974); Selmo v Baratono, 28 Mich App 217 ; 184 NW2d 367 (1970); Romankewiz v Black, 16 Mich App 119 ; 167 NW2d 606 (1969). 1985See Placek v Sterling Heights, 52 Mich App 619 ; 217 NW2d 900 (1974); Selmo v Baratono, 28 Mich App 217 ; 184 NW2d 367 (1970); Romankewiz v Black, 16 Mich App 119 ; 167 NW2d 606 (1969).	1	1985–1985
DeGraaf v. General Motors Corp. green michctapp · 1984 2 sentences 1985Schmitzer v Misener-Bennett Ford, Inc, 135 Mich App 350, 358-360 ; 354 NW2d 336 (1984), and DeGraaf v General Motors Corp, 135 Mich App 141 ; 352 NW2d 719 (1984). 1985Schmitzer v Misener-Bennett Ford, Inc, 135 Mich App 350, 358-360 ; 354 NW2d 336 (1984), and DeGraaf v General Motors Corp, 135 Mich App 141 ; 352 NW2d 719 (1984).	1	1985–1985
Romankewiz v. Black green michctapp · 1969 2 sentences 1985See Placek v Sterling Heights, 52 Mich App 619 ; 217 NW2d 900 (1974); Selmo v Baratono, 28 Mich App 217 ; 184 NW2d 367 (1970); Romankewiz v Black, 16 Mich App 119 ; 167 NW2d 606 (1969). 1985See Placek v Sterling Heights, 52 Mich App 619 ; 217 NW2d 900 (1974); Selmo v Baratono, 28 Mich App 217 ; 184 NW2d 367 (1970); Romankewiz v Black, 16 Mich App 119 ; 167 NW2d 606 (1969).	1	1985–1985
Bentzler v. Braun green wis · 1967 2 sentences 1984Contra, Bentzler v Braun, 34 Wis 2d 362 ; 149 NW2d 626 (1967). 1984Contra, Bentzler v Braun, 34 Wis 2d 362 ; 149 NW2d 626 (1967).	1	1984–1984
Cierpisz v. Singleton green md · 1967 1 sentence 1969Cierpisz v. Singleton (1967), 247 Md 215 ( 230 A2d 629 ), affirming trial judge who refused to charge jury that failure to use seat belt constituted contributory negligence. 4.	1	1969–1969
Robinson v. Bone neutral ord · 1968 1 sentence 1969Robinson v. Bone (Ore, 1968), 285 F Supp 423 , failure to use seat belt does not, under Oregon law, constitute contributory negligence, nor does it mitigate damages. 9.	1	1969–1969
Miller v. Miller green nc · 1968 1 sentence 1969Miller v. Miller (1968), 273 NC 228 ( 160 SE2d 65 ), motion to strike the seat-belt defense' from defendant’s answer was granted. *123 8.	1	1969–1969

Statutes the citing opinions construe

MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 257.710e (6) MI § Mich. Comp. Laws § 257.710b (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

NY 31 (1974–2015) FL 29 (1981–2011) TX 19 (1969–2015) GA 16 (1987–2024) IL 14 (1972–2020) IN 12 (1977–2023) OH 12 (1985–2023) PA 11 (1986–2025) CO 9 (1973–2006) MI 9 (1969–2003) NC 8 (1968–2007) NJ 7 (1986–2001) CT 7 (1969–2018) NM 7 (1975–2015) WA 6 (1972–2007) WI 6 (1983–2004) KS 5 (1981–2008) AZ 5 (1974–2022) IA 4 (1991–2014) MA 4 (1992–2024) KY 3 (2003–2021) CA 3 (1990–2004) OR 3 (2015–2016) MN 3 (1990–2018) TN 2 (2000–2020) DE 2 (2015–2017)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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