refusal instruction (Missouri) · Go Syfert
← Missouri issues

refusal instruction in Missouri

64 Missouri opinions name it 2 courts 1886–2014 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Missouri courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (31)

CaseFollowedCited
State v. Colegreen
moctapp · 2008 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
1 sentence

2011State v. Cole, 248 S.W.3d 91, 94-95 (Mo.App.2008).

11
Gulf Insurance Co. v. Noble Broadcastgreen
mo · 1997 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
1 sentence

2002Co. v. Noble Broad., 936 S.W.2d 810, 816 (Mo. banc 1997)).

11
Rinehart v. Andersongreen
moctapp · 1998 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
2 sentences

2002This court has held that an insured, faced with a refusal of a defense by their insurer, “is justified in reaching a settlement which enables the insured to be released from personal liability.” Rinehart *325 v. Anderson, 985 S.W.2d 363, 371 (Mo.App.1998). 10 Indeed, “An insured, ‘although not engaging in collusive conduct for fraudulent or deceitful purpose, may act in a self-interested way in an attempt to protect himself from personal liability.’ ” Id. (quoting Gulf Ins.

2002This court has held that an insured, faced with a refusal of a defense by their insurer, “is justified in reaching a settlement which enables the insured to be released from personal liability.” Rinehart *325 v. Anderson, 985 S.W.2d 363, 371 (Mo.App.1998). 10 Indeed, “An insured, ‘although not engaging in collusive conduct for fraudulent or deceitful purpose, may act in a self-interested way in an attempt to protect himself from personal liability.’ ” Id. (quoting Gulf Ins.

11
Hackman v. Kindrickgreen
moctapp · 1994 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
1 sentence

2001Hackman v. Kindrick, 882 S.W.2d 157, 159 (Mo.App.1994); Titsworth v. Powell, 776 S.W.2d 416, 423 (Mo.App.1989).

11
Titsworth v. Powellgreen
moctapp · 1989 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
1 sentence

2001Hackman v. Kindrick, 882 S.W.2d 157, 159 (Mo.App.1994); Titsworth v. Powell, 776 S.W.2d 416, 423 (Mo.App.1989).

11
Harris v. Woolworthgreen
moctapp · 1991 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1994–1994
1 sentence

1994Harris v. Woolworth, 824 S.W.2d 31, 34 [6] (Mo.App.1991).

11
State v. Waltongreen
mo · 1990 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1993–1993
1 sentence

1993The time saved by not doing so is not worth the serious risk it involves to defendant’s right to an impartial jury, which, if violated, inevitably results in having to try the case over again.” In State v. Walton, 796 S.W.2d 374, 378 (Mo. banc 1990), the court said: A prolonged friendship by a venireman with a witness for a party, of itself, does not sustain contention that the refusal of the challenge for cause by the trial court was an abuse of discretion — absent a clearly drawn prejudice.

11
Bentlage v. Springgategreen
moctapp · 1990 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1992–1992
2 sentences

1992Petitioner’s first point states, “The trial court’s refusal to rule on [petitioner’s] constitutional claims may mean that its decision is not a final appealable judgment.” That point does not comport with the requirements of Rule 84.04. “[T]he point is a mere abstract assertion in that it does not state why the actions [or, in this case, the inaction] ... complained about are in error.” Bentlage v. Springgate, 793 S.W.2d 228, 231 (Mo.App.1990).

1992“It preserves nothing for review.” Id.

11
State v. Owensgreen
moctapp · 1981 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1990–1990
2 sentences

1990"A prolonged friendship by a venireman with a witness for a party, of itself, does not sustain contention that the refusal of the challenge for cause by the trial court was an abuse of discretion—absent a clearly drawn prejudice." State v. Owens, 620 S.W.2d 448, 450 (Mo.App.1981).

1990“A prolonged friendship by a venireman with a witness for a party, of itself, does not sustain contention that the refusal of the challenge for cause by the trial court was an abuse of discretion — absent a clearly drawn prejudice.” State v. Owens, 620 S.W.2d 448, 450 (Mo.App.1981).

11
Claude T. v. Claire T.green
moctapp · 1979 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1989–1989
2 sentences

1989Hurlock v. Park Lane Medical Center, Inc., 709 S.W.2d at 878 ; Claude T. v. Claire T., 579 S.W.2d 141, 143 (Mo.App.1979).

1989Hurlock v. Park Lane Medical Center, Inc., 709 S.W.2d at 878 ; Claude T. v. Claire T., 579 S.W.2d 141, 143 (Mo.App. 1979).

11
State v. Waynegreen
moctapp · 1986 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1988–1988
1 sentence

1988State v. McClintic, 731 S.W.2d 853, 857 (Mo.App.1987); State v. Wayne, 706 S.W.2d 298, 299 (Mo.App.1986).

11
State v. McClinticgreen
moctapp · 1987 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1988–1988
1 sentence

1988State v. McClintic, 731 S.W.2d 853, 857 (Mo.App.1987); State v. Wayne, 706 S.W.2d 298, 299 (Mo.App.1986).

11
State v. Storygreen
mo · 1983 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1987–1987
1 sentence

1987State v. Story, 646 S.W.2d 68, 73 (Mo. banc 1983).

11
State v. Williamsgreen
mo · 1983 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1986–1986
1 sentence

1986The court in Williams, 652 S.W.2d at 112 [21], held that the trial court correctly refused to give a first degree murder instruction and relied on State v. Baker, 636 S.W.2d 902 (Mo. banc 1982) cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1183 , 103 S.Ct. 834 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1983), for its holding.

11
Tennis v. General Motors Corp.green
moctapp · 1981 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1985–1985
1 sentence

1985Tennis v. General Motors Corp., 625 S.W.2d 218, 233 [22] (Mo.App.1981).

11
Thummel v. Kinggreen
mo · 1978 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1982–1982
1 sentence

1982Thummel v. King, 570 S.W.2d 679, 685 [5] (Mo.banc 1978).

11
Wigand v. State Department of Public Health & Welfaregreen
moctapp · 1970 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1980–1980
11
Middleman v. Complete Auto Transit, Inc.green
mo · 1972 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1977–1977
11
Crook v. Dooleygreen
mo · 1965 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1977–1977
11
Page v. Baxtergreen
moctapp · 1973 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1977–1977
11
Hood v. Hepplergreen
moctapp · 1973 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1977–1977
11
Worley Ex Rel. Worley v. Tucker Nevils, Inc.green
mo · 1973 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1977–1977
11
State v. Hundleygreen
mo · 1870 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1975–1975
11
State v. Gregorygreen
mo · 1936 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1975–1975
11
State v. Moxleygreen
· 1890 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1955–1955
11
State v. Tritchgreen
moctapp · 1913 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1955–1955
11
State v. Bowmangreen
· 1919 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1953–1953
11
State v. Richardsongreen
· 1942 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1953–1953
11
State v. Cobbgreen
ga · 1949 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1953–1953
11
State v. Browngreen
mo · 1904 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1939–1939
11
Peterson v. United Railways Co.green
mo · 1917 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1935–1935
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Missouri. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (49)

CaseCitedYears
State v. Frost green
moctapp · 2001
2 sentences

2014The State argued that the general rule applied and no prejudice thus existed from the refusal because had the instruction been submitted, “no reasonable basis exist[ed] to believe that the jury would have exercised even greater leniency and convicted her of involuntary manslaughter.” Id. at 218 .

2014The State argued that the general rule applied and no prejudice thus existed from the refusal because had the instruction been submitted, “no reasonable basis exist[ed] to believe that the jury would have exercised even greater leniency and convicted her of involuntary manslaughter.” Id. at 218 .

22014–2014
State v. Caviness green
· 1930
2 sentences

1949State v. Caviness, 326 Mo. 992, 998 , 33 S.W.2d 940 , 943; Farmers' State Bank v. Miller, Mo.App., 26 S.W.2d 863 , 864.

1949State v. Caviness, 326 Mo. 992, 998 , 33 S.W.2d 940 , 943; Farmers' State Bank v. Miller, Mo.App., 26 S.W.2d 863 , 864.

21949–1949
Miles v. Davis neutral
mo · 1854
2 sentences

1887Dempsey v. Rein sedler, 22 Mo. App. 43 ; Mills v. Davis, 19 Mo. 408 .

1886Miles v. Davis, 19 Mo. 408 .

21886–1887
Howard v. McNeill green
moctapp · 1986
1 sentence

2005At the refusal hearing, McNeill “admitted that he was intoxicated at the time of his arrest, but explained the condition was brought about by his consumption of a half pint of whiskey supplied to him by [his friend] after the accident.” Id.

12005–2005
Cypret v. Templeton green
moctapp · 1995
1 sentence

2001Id.

12001–2001
Hurlock v. Park Lane Medical Center, Inc. green
moctapp · 1986
2 sentences

1989Hurlock v. Park Lane Medical Center, Inc., 709 S.W.2d at 878 ; Claude T. v. Claire T., 579 S.W.2d 141, 143 (Mo.App.1979).

1989Hurlock v. Park Lane Medical Center, Inc., 709 S.W.2d at 878 ; Claude T. v. Claire T., 579 S.W.2d 141, 143 (Mo.App. 1979).

11989–1989
State v. Baker green
mo · 1982
1 sentence

1986The court in Williams, 652 S.W.2d at 112 [21], held that the trial court correctly refused to give a first degree murder instruction and relied on State v. Baker, 636 S.W.2d 902 (Mo. banc 1982) cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1183 , 103 S.Ct. 834 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1983), for its holding.

11986–1986
Baker v. Missouri green
scotus · 1982
1 sentence

1986The court in Williams, 652 S.W.2d at 112 [21], held that the trial court correctly refused to give a first degree murder instruction and relied on State v. Baker, 636 S.W.2d 902 (Mo. banc 1982) cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1183 , 103 S.Ct. 834 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1983), for its holding.

11986–1986
Treasure Isle, Inc. v. United States green
scotus · 1983
1 sentence

1986The court in Williams, 652 S.W.2d at 112 [21], held that the trial court correctly refused to give a first degree murder instruction and relied on State v. Baker, 636 S.W.2d 902 (Mo. banc 1982) cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1183 , 103 S.Ct. 834 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1983), for its holding.

11986–1986
Metropolitan County Board of Education v. Kelley green
scotus · 1983
1 sentence

1986The court in Williams, 652 S.W.2d at 112 [21], held that the trial court correctly refused to give a first degree murder instruction and relied on State v. Baker, 636 S.W.2d 902 (Mo. banc 1982) cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1183 , 103 S.Ct. 834 , 74 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1983), for its holding.

11986–1986
Culp v. Rexnord & Booth-Rouse Equipment Co. green
coloctapp · 1976
1 sentence

1984Cases from other jurisdictions support that proposition: In Culp v. Rexnard, 553 P.2d 844 (Colo.App.1976), defendant claimed error in the refusal of its instruction that Culp voluntarily and unreasonably proceeded to encounter a known danger in using a concrete mixer.

11984–1984
State v. McMullin green
moctapp · 1979
1 sentence

1981State v. McMullin, 576 S.W.2d 581 (Mo.App.1979).

11981–1981
Ingle v. Illinois Central Gulf Railroad green
moctapp · 1980
1 sentence

1981Co., 608 S.W.2d 76 (Mo.App.1980).

11981–1981
Chevron Oil Co. v. Huson red
scotus · 1971
2 sentences

1981In that case, the court applied the test of retroactivity laid down in Chevron Oil Co. v. Hudson, 404 U.S. 97, 106-107 , 92 S.Ct. 349, 355 , 30 L.Ed.2d 296 (1971), and concluded that Liepelt should not be applied to make the refusal of such an instruction error in a case tried before Liepelt and decided, on appeal, subsequent to Liepelt .

1981In that case, the court applied the test of retroactivity laid down in Chevron Oil Co. v. Hudson, 404 U.S. 97, 106-107 , 92 S.Ct. 349, 355 , 30 L.Ed.2d 296 (1971), and concluded that Liepelt should not be applied to make the refusal of such an instruction error in a case tried before Liepelt and decided, on appeal, subsequent to Liepelt .

11981–1981
Williams ex rel. Williams v. Tuttle neutral
mo · 1966
11977–1977
State v. Benson green
iowa · 1941
11976–1976
People v. Sudduth green
cal · 1966
11976–1976
Randolph v. Supreme Liberty Life Insurance green
mo · 1949
11969–1969
Harris v. Quality Dairy Co. green
moctapp · 1967
11968–1968
Wegener v. St. Louis County Transit Company green
mo · 1962
11967–1967
State Ex Rel. State Highway Commission v. Manzer neutral
moctapp · 1934
11965–1965
State v. Markel green
· 1934
11965–1965
State v. Chevlin green
mo · 1955
11965–1965
State v. McWilliams green
mo · 1960
11965–1965
Naughton Mulgrew Motor Car Co. v. Westchester Fish Co. neutral
nyappterm · 1919
11964–1964
Vetter v. Browne green
moctapp · 1935
11964–1964
Luckel v. De Vor neutral
texapp · 1929
11964–1964
State v. Long green
mo · 1929
11962–1962
State v. Gadwood green
· 1938
11962–1962
State v. Denison green
· 1944
11962–1962
Jackson v. Farmers Union Livestock Commission green
moctapp · 1944
11962–1962
State v. Revard green
· 1937
11962–1962
Blivis v. Franklin Investment Co. neutral
moctapp · 1917
11962–1962
State v. Rutledge green
mo · 1954
11962–1962
State v. Henderson green
mo · 1905
11955–1955
State v. Hendricks green
mo · 1903
11955–1955
State v. McDonald neutral
moctapp · 1879
11955–1955
Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe Railway Co. v. Harriett green
tex · 1891
11955–1955
Musgrave v. Great Falls Manufacturing Co. neutral
nh · 1933
11954–1954
Edwards v. Woods. green
· 1938
11954–1954

Statutes the citing opinions construe

MO § Mo. Rev. Stat. § 556.046 (4) USC § 45u.s.c.51 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

TX 342 (1874–2026) CA 118 (1867–2024) IL 104 (1885–2026) MO 64 (1886–2014) IN 55 (1875–2014) WI 52 (1932–2025) MA 51 (1870–2025) NY 49 (1871–2025) MS 48 (1889–2024) PA 34 (1849–2026) VA 25 (1912–2026) AL 24 (1895–2007) WV 24 (1896–2021) OH 23 (1889–2024) NM 22 (1910–2023) GA 19 (1882–2024) CO 15 (1922–2026) FL 14 (1913–2014) NE 13 (1893–2024) IA 12 (1897–2021) KS 12 (1892–1996) AR 11 (1914–2020) ID 11 (1921–2020) AZ 10 (1966–2021) OK 10 (1911–2008) MD 9 (1963–2010) NV 9 (1887–2013) MN 9 (1902–2015) NJ 8 (1964–2020) WY 8 (1952–2020) WA 8 (1917–2000) ME 8 (1926–2019) KY 7 (1916–2024) NC 7 (1947–2019) OR 7 (1885–2015) ND 6 (1960–2007) UT 6 (1968–2026) SD 5 (1925–2014) VT 5 (1884–1990) LA 4 (1969–2006) MT 4 (1935–2016) NH 4 (1974–1997) HI 4 (1945–1999) DC 4 (1989–2025) CT 4 (1975–2018) MI 3 (1927–1978) TN 3 (1935–2013) SC 3 (1988–2024) RI 3 (1970–1987) AK 2 (1978–1981)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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