view doctrine (New Jersey) · Go Syfert
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view doctrine in New Jersey

54 New Jersey opinions name it 3 courts 1918–2026 2 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by New Jersey courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (23)

CaseFollowedCited
Harrison v. Middlesex Water Companygreen
nj · 1979 · cited in 3 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1990–2026
2 sentences

2026Harrison, relying upon the notion that the legislative grant of immunity should be construed “narrow[ly],” laid out a series of factors that, if “disregard[ed],” might lead the courts to take “too expansive a view of the immunity conferred by the Legislature.” 80 N.J. at 401 .

2026Prior to the 1991 amendments, the Court identified factors for courts to consider about the area in which a property is located to avoid taking “too expansive a view of the immunity conferred by the Legislature.” Harrison v. Middlesex Water Co., 80 N.J. 391, 401 (1979).

13
Jersey City v. Dept. of Civil Servicegreen
njsuperctappdiv · 1959 · cited in 2 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1996–2000
2 sentences

1996The court adopted the view of the doctrine expressed in State v. Carroll, 38 Conn. 449 (Sup.Ct.Err.1871), the leading ease on the subject. “ An officer de facto is one whose acts, though not those of a lawful officer, the law, upon principles of policy and justice, will hold valid so far as they involve the interests of the public and third persons, where the duties of the office were exercised.’ ” Jersey City, supra, 57 N.J.Super. at 27 , 153 A.2d 757 (quoting Carroll, supra, 38 Conn. at 471-72 ).

1996The court adopted the view of the doctrine expressed in State v. Carroll, 38 Conn. 449 (Sup.Ct.Err.1871), the leading ease on the subject. “ An officer de facto is one whose acts, though not those of a lawful officer, the law, upon principles of policy and justice, will hold valid so far as they involve the interests of the public and third persons, where the duties of the office were exercised.’ ” Jersey City, supra, 57 N.J.Super. at 27 , 153 A.2d 757 (quoting Carroll, supra, 38 Conn. at 471-72 ).

12
McDarby v. Merck & Co., Inc.green
njsuperctappdiv · 2008 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
1 sentence

2017Consequently, this view of the presumption poses a question relevant to this appeal: what type and degree of proof will rebut the N.J.S.A. 2A:58C-4 "super presumption?" In Kendall I, supra, slip op. at 53, we said the "strength of the statutory presumption may be lessened . . . if the warning at issue is not the initial warning approved by the FDA for the drug," as in these cases, "but rather is a modified warning that was negotiated post-market between the manufacturer and the FDA." And we recognized in McDarby v. Merck & Co., 401 N.J.

11
Suntrust Bank v. Riverside Nat. Bankgreen
fladistctapp · 2001 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2012–2012
1 sentence

2012See, e.g., Suntrust Bank v. Riverside Nat'l Bank of Fla., 792 So.2d 1222, 1225-27 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App.2001); Bank of N.Y. v. Nally, 820 N.E. 2d 644, 652-54 (Ind.2005); Am.

11
Bank of New York v. Nallygreen
ind · 2005 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2012–2012
1 sentence

2012See, e.g., Suntrust Bank v. Riverside Nat'l Bank of Fla., 792 So.2d 1222, 1225-27 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App.2001); Bank of N.Y. v. Nally, 820 N.E. 2d 644, 652-54 (Ind.2005); Am.

11
Div. of Youth & Fam. Svcs. v. Jdgreen
njsuperctappdiv · 2010 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010Div. of Youth and Family Servs. v. J.D., 417 N.J.Super. 1, 21 , 8 A. 3d 236, 248 (App.Div.2010).

2010Div. of Youth and Family Servs. v. J.D., 417 N.J.Super. 1, 21 , 8 A. 3d 236, 248 (App.Div.2010).

11
Carpet Remnant Warehouse, Inc. v. New Jersey Department of Laborgreen
nj · 1991 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
2 sentences

1997See Carpet Remnant Warehouse, Inc. v. New Jersey Dep’t of Labor, 125 N.J. 567, 580-81 , 593 A.2d 1177 (1991) (the Unemployment Compensation Law is remedial legislation which should be liberally construed).

1997See Carpet Remnant Warehouse, Inc. v. New Jersey Dep’t of Labor, 125 N.J. 567, 580-81 , 593 A.2d 1177 (1991) (the Unemployment Compensation Law is remedial legislation which should be liberally construed).

11
Bruno v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1939 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1996–1996
2 sentences

1996Bruno v. United States, 308 U.S. 287, 293-94 , 60 S.Ct. 198, 200 , 84 L.Ed. 257, 260 (1939).

1996Bruno v. United States, 308 U.S. 287, 293-94 , 60 S.Ct. 198, 200 , 84 L.Ed. 257, 260 (1939).

11
State v. Carrollgreen
conn · 1871 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1996–1996
2 sentences

1996The court adopted the view of the doctrine expressed in State v. Carroll, 38 Conn. 449 (Sup.Ct.Err.1871), the leading ease on the subject. “ An officer de facto is one whose acts, though not those of a lawful officer, the law, upon principles of policy and justice, will hold valid so far as they involve the interests of the public and third persons, where the duties of the office were exercised.’ ” Jersey City, supra, 57 N.J.Super. at 27 , 153 A.2d 757 (quoting Carroll, supra, 38 Conn. at 471-72 ).

1996The court adopted the view of the doctrine expressed in State v. Carroll, 38 Conn. 449 (Sup.Ct.Err.1871), the leading ease on the subject. “ An officer de facto is one whose acts, though not those of a lawful officer, the law, upon principles of policy and justice, will hold valid so far as they involve the interests of the public and third persons, where the duties of the office were exercised.’ ” Jersey City, supra, 57 N.J.Super. at 27 , 153 A.2d 757 (quoting Carroll, supra, 38 Conn. at 471-72 ).

11
Palko v. Palkogreen
nj · 1977 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1993–1993
2 sentences

1993See Palko v. Palko, 73 N.J. 395, 397-398 , 375 A. 2d 625 (1977); Palko v. Palko, 150 N.J.

1993See Palko v. Palko, 73 N.J. 395, 397-398 , 375 A. 2d 625 (1977); Palko v. Palko, 150 N.J.

11
Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. v. Pfeifergreen
scotus · 1983 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1987–1987
2 sentences

1987See Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. v. Pfeifer, 462 U.S. 523, 537 , 103 S.Ct. 2541, 2550 , 76 L.Ed.2d 768, 783 (1983).

1987See Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. v. Pfeifer, 462 U.S. 523, 537 , 103 S.Ct. 2541, 2550 , 76 L.Ed.2d 768, 783 (1983).

11
State v. Stewartgreen
njsuperctappdiv · 1984 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1985–1985
1 sentence

1985Cf. State v. Stewart, 196 N.J.

11
State v. Divelygreen
nj · 1983 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1985–1985
11
Cashen v. Spanngreen
nj · 1975 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1982–1982
11
State v. Healdgreen
me · 1973 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1979–1979
11
State v. Melvingreen
nj · 1974 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1979–1979
11
State v. MacOngreen
nj · 1971 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1979–1979
11
Augustus F. Heald v. Garrell S. Mullaney, Warden, Maine State Prisongreen
ca1 · 1975 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1979–1979
11
Hudik-Ross, Inc. v. 1530 Palisade Ave. Corp.green
njsuperctappdiv · 1974 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1979–1979
11
State v. Inmangreen
njsuperctappdiv · 1976 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1977–1977
11
Henningsen v. Bloomfield Motors, Inc.green
nj · 1960 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1961–1961
11
Di Mieri v. Metafield, Inc.green
nj · 1941 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1960–1960
11
In Re Selsergreen
nj · 1954 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1959–1959
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (1)

CaseNegativeCited
State v. Des Maretsgreen
nj · 1983 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1983–1983
11

Also cited on this issue (41)

CaseCitedYears
Fidelity Union Trust Co. v. Robert green
nj · 1962
2 sentences

2008We continue to adhere to the view of the doctrine of probable intent expressed in Fidelity Union[ Trust Co. v. Robert, 36 N.J. 561 , 178 A.2d 185 (1962)].

2008We continue to adhere to the view of the doctrine of probable intent expressed in Fidelity Union[ Trust Co. v. Robert, 36 N.J. 561 , 178 A.2d 185 (1962)].

42006–2008
State v. Harris green
nj · 2004
2 sentences

2021This standard of review "is 13 A-5136-17 consistent with the view that defense attorneys are in a better position to assess a defendant's competency; it is they who should bring such matters to the court's attention." Harris, 181 N.J. at 458 .

2020The clear and convincing standard of review of a court's decision not to sua sponte hold a competency hearing "is consistent with the view that defense attorneys are in a better position to assess a defendant's competency . . . ." Harris, 181 N.J. at 458 .

22020–2021
Drope v. Missouri green
scotus · 1975
2 sentences

2020Counsel's failure to raise the issue of competency weighs against a finding there was clear and convincing evidence a defendant is incompetent because "judges must depend to some extent on counsel to bring [these] issues into focus." Ibid. (alteration in original) (quoting Drope, 420 U.S. at 176-77 ). "[B]ecause defense attorneys are in a better position than the trial court to question a defendant's competency, the fact that [counsel finds] no reason to question [a defendant's] competency must be given substantial weight" in determining whether a hearing was required.

2004It is to be ordinarily expected that defense counsel, who is in a far better position than the trial judge to assay the salient facts concerning the defendant’s ability to stand trial and assist in his own defense, would originate the request that such an inquiry be conducted. [ Lucas, supra 30 N.J. at 74 , 152 A.2d 50 .] The United States Supreme Court approaches the question similarly, stating that “judges must depend to some extent on counsel to bring [these] issues into focus.” Drope, supra, 420 U.S. at 176-77 , 95 S.Ct. at 906 , 43 L.Ed.2d at 116 .

22004–2020
Fb v. Alg green
njsuperctappdiv · 2002
2 sentences

2003The Appellate Division took a strict view of the principle’s applicability, stating that “by its own terms, the principle has limited, if any, application [where] ... there is no traditional family setting, i.e., no marriage or even continuing cohabitation over time.” F.B., supra, 350 N.J.Super. at 400 , 795 A.2d 331 .

2003The Appellate Division took a strict view of the principle’s applicability, stating that “by its own terms, the principle has limited, if any, application [where] ... there is no traditional family setting, i.e., no marriage or even continuing cohabitation over time.” F.B., supra, 350 N.J.Super. at 400 , 795 A.2d 331 .

22003–2003
United States v. Morton Salt Co. green
scotus · 1950
2 sentences

1968R. 531, in reference to the Administrator’s subpoena power under the Fair Labor Standards Act, the Court said ‘his investigative function, in searching out violations with a view to securing enforcement of the Act, is essentially the same as the grand jury’s, or the court’s in issuing other pretrial orders for the discovery of evidence, and is governed by the same limitations,’ and accordingly applied the view that inquiry must be ‘ “limited * * * by forecasts of the probable result of the investigation.” ’ In United States v. Morton Salt Co., 338 U. S. 632, 642-643 , 70 S. Ct. 357, 364 , 94 L

1968R. 531, in reference to the Administrator’s subpoena power under the Fair Labor Standards Act, the Court said ‘his investigative function, in searching out violations with a view to securing enforcement of the Act, is essentially the same as the grand jury’s, or the court’s in issuing other pretrial orders for the discovery of evidence, and is governed by the same limitations,’ and accordingly applied the view that inquiry must be ‘ “limited * * * by forecasts of the probable result of the investigation.” ’ In United States v. Morton Salt Co., 338 U. S. 632, 642-643 , 70 S. Ct. 357, 364 , 94 L

21968–1968
Weeks v. United States red
· 1914
2 sentences

1963In Weeks , the Supreme Court announced the rule that evidence seized illegally by federal officers is to be excluded from federal criminal trials; Justice Day expressed the view that if the rule were otherwise the Fourth Amendment would be of no value and "might as well be stricken from the Constitution." 232 U.S., *264 at p. 393, 34 S.Ct., at p. 344 , 58 L.Ed., at p. 656 .

1963In Weeks , the Supreme Court announced the rule that evidence seized illegally by federal officers is to be excluded from federal criminal trials; Justice Day expressed the view that if the rule were otherwise the Fourth Amendment would be of no value and "might as well be stricken from the Constitution." 232 U.S., *264 at p. 393, 34 S.Ct., at p. 344 , 58 L.Ed., at p. 656 .

21963–1963
In re the Estate of Payne green
nj · 2006
2 sentences

2018The Court "continue[s] to adhere to the view of the doctrine of probable intent expressed in Fidelity Union ." Payne , 186 N.J. at 335 , 895 A.2d 428 .

2018The Court "continue[s] to adhere to the view of the doctrine of probable intent expressed in Fidelity Union ." Payne , 186 N.J. at 335 , 895 A.2d 428 .

12018–2018
In Re the Estate of Burke green
nj · 1966
2 sentences

2018The doctrine does not permit a court to "conjure up an interpretation or derive a missing testamentary provision out of whole cloth." Engle v. Siegel , 74 N.J. 287 , 291, 377 A.2d 892 (1977) (quoting *159 In re Estate of Burke , 48 N.J. 50 , 64, 222 A.2d 273 (1966) ).

2018The doctrine does not permit a court to "conjure up an interpretation or derive a missing testamentary provision out of whole cloth." Engle v. Siegel , 74 N.J. 287 , 291, 377 A.2d 892 (1977) (quoting *159 In re Estate of Burke , 48 N.J. 50 , 64, 222 A.2d 273 (1966) ).

12018–2018
MERCHANTS IND. CORP., OF NY v. Eggleston green
nj · 1962
2 sentences

2018Indeed, Eggleston hardly supports such a view because waiver instead of estoppel was found implicated there. 37 N.J. at 130 , 179 A.2d 505 .

2018Indeed, Eggleston hardly supports such a view because waiver instead of estoppel was found implicated there. 37 N.J. at 130 , 179 A.2d 505 .

12018–2018
Engle v. Siegel green
nj · 1977
2 sentences

2018The doctrine does not permit a court to "conjure up an interpretation or derive a missing testamentary provision out of whole cloth." Engle v. Siegel , 74 N.J. 287 , 291, 377 A.2d 892 (1977) (quoting *159 In re Estate of Burke , 48 N.J. 50 , 64, 222 A.2d 273 (1966) ).

2018The doctrine does not permit a court to "conjure up an interpretation or derive a missing testamentary provision out of whole cloth." Engle v. Siegel , 74 N.J. 287 , 291, 377 A.2d 892 (1977) (quoting *159 In re Estate of Burke , 48 N.J. 50 , 64, 222 A.2d 273 (1966) ).

12018–2018
McDarby v. Merck & Co. green
nj · 2009
1 sentence

2017Super. 10, 65 (App. Div. 2008), appeal dismissed, 200 N.J. 267 (2009), that, prior to 2007, the FDA did not have the "authority to compel labeling changes, but instead had to negotiate changes with the drug's sponsor." And, given the manufacturers' "common resistance to such labeling changes, a 35 A-4760-14T1 revised label may be the result of a compromise, rather than a unilateral expression of the FDA's preferred regulatory approach." Kendall I, supra, slip op. at 54.

12017–2017
Maressa v. New Jersey Monthly green
nj · 1982
2 sentences

2007In Maressa, swpra, we concluded that it was “inconceivable that the Legislature intended a broader view of waiver in civil matters, where the public interest in disclosure is less compelling.” 89 N.J. at 195 , 445 A.2d 376 .

2007In Maressa, swpra, we concluded that it was “inconceivable that the Legislature intended a broader view of waiver in civil matters, where the public interest in disclosure is less compelling.” 89 N.J. at 195 , 445 A.2d 376 .

12007–2007
State v. Lucas green
nj · 1959
2 sentences

2004It is to be ordinarily expected that defense counsel, who is in a far better position than the trial judge to assay the salient facts concerning the defendant’s ability to stand trial and assist in his own defense, would originate the request that such an inquiry be conducted. [ Lucas, supra 30 N.J. at 74 , 152 A.2d 50 .] The United States Supreme Court approaches the question similarly, stating that “judges must depend to some extent on counsel to bring [these] issues into focus.” Drope, supra, 420 U.S. at 176-77 , 95 S.Ct. at 906 , 43 L.Ed.2d at 116 .

2004It is to be ordinarily expected that defense counsel, who is in a far better position than the trial judge to assay the salient facts concerning the defendant’s ability to stand trial and assist in his own defense, would originate the request that such an inquiry be conducted. [ Lucas, supra 30 N.J. at 74 , 152 A.2d 50 .] The United States Supreme Court approaches the question similarly, stating that “judges must depend to some extent on counsel to bring [these] issues into focus.” Drope, supra, 420 U.S. at 176-77 , 95 S.Ct. at 906 , 43 L.Ed.2d at 116 .

12004–2004
Edwards v. National Audubon Society, Inc. green
ca2 · 1977
2 sentences

1994The publisher is protected because of the public's interest in reading the testimony in order to resolve for itself the issues at trial (and thus evaluate the fairness and conduct of the trial). *627 [David Marburger, More Protection for the Press: The Third Circuit Expands the Fair Report Privilege, 43 U.Pitt.L.Rev. 1143, 1160 (1982).] Such a view of the privilege "provid[es] protection for the republisher to help the public resolve the issues of life. * * * The statement provides the public with knowledge of what is being said about the issues of the day and by whom, while at the same time p

1994The publisher is protected because of the public’s interest in reading the testimony in order to resolve for itself the issues at trial (and thus evaluate the fairness and conduct of the trial). [David Marburger, More Protection for the Press: The Third Circuit Expands the Fair Report Privilege, 43 U.PittL.Rev. 1143, 1160 (1982).] Such a view of the privilege “provid[es] protection for the republisher to help the public resolve the issues of life. * * * The statement provides the public with knowledge of what is being said about the issues of the day and by whom, while at the same time prompti

11994–1994
Palko v. Palko green
njsuperctappdiv · 1976
1 sentence

1993See Palko v. Palko, 73 N.J. 395, 397-398 , 375 A. 2d 625 (1977); Palko v. Palko, 150 N.J.

11993–1993
People v. McLoughlin neutral
nycrimct · 1980
2 sentences

1992The court noted the, "proliferation of private security forces many of whose employees have criminal records," 427 N.Y.S. 2d at 398 and, that a defendant's rights are equally trampled when a privately engineered or police sponsored confrontation is suggestive. 427 N.Y.S. 2d at 402 .

1992The court noted the, "proliferation of private security forces many of whose employees have criminal records," 427 N.Y.S. 2d at 398 and, that a defendant's rights are equally trampled when a privately engineered or police sponsored confrontation is suggestive. 427 N.Y.S. 2d at 402 .

11992–1992
State v. Baylass green
nj · 1989
1 sentence

1989It reflects a view of a violation of probation similar *93 to that expressed by our Supreme Court in State v. Molina and State v. Baylass, supra .

11989–1989
Newburgh v. Arrigo green
nj · 1982
2 sentences

1988In making this determination, we are not unmindful that the duty to contribute to higher education costs, as described by the Supreme Court in Newburgh v. Arrigo, supra , was said to depend on "financially capable parents," 88 N.J. at 544 , and the "ability ... to pay," 88 N.J. at 545 , such amounts.

1988In making this determination, we are not unmindful that the duty to contribute to higher education costs, as described by the Supreme Court in Newburgh v. Arrigo, supra , was said to depend on "financially capable parents," 88 N.J. at 544 , and the "ability ... to pay," 88 N.J. at 545 , such amounts.

11988–1988
Illinois v. Vitale green
scotus · 1980
11985–1985
Ridgefield Park Education Ass'n v. Ridgefield Park Board of Education green
nj · 1978
11984–1984
Miller v. NJ Ins. Underwriting Ass'n green
njsuperctappdiv · 1981
11983–1983
Morgan v. Burnett neutral
nj · 1938
11982–1982
Vesey v. Driscoll green
nj · 1944
11982–1982
Mastrian v. Cudd green
scotus · 1975
11979–1979
Heald v. Mullaney green
scotus · 1975
11979–1979
Reamer v. Beall green
scotus · 1975
11979–1979
Rendon v. Kassimis green
njsuperctappdiv · 1976
11978–1978
State v. Saulnier green
nj · 1973
11977–1977
Immer v. Risko green
nj · 1970
11974–1974
Oklahoma Press Publishing Co. v. Walling green
scotus · 1946
11968–1968
United States v. Powell green
scotus · 1964
11968–1968
Miranda v. Arizona green
scotus · 1966
11967–1967
Parker v. Womack green
cal · 1951
11964–1964
Wolf v. Colorado red
scotus · 1949
11963–1963
Dimieri v. Metafield, Inc. neutral
nj · 1942
11960–1960
Davaillon v. City of Elizabeth green
nj · 1938
11959–1959
Hudson Transit Corp. v. Antonucci green
nj · 1948
11959–1959
The Admiral Peoples green
scotus · 1935
11949–1949
Soper v. Cisco green
· 1915
11937–1937
Shaw v. Mayor of Macon green
ga · 1857
11918–1918

Statutes the citing opinions construe

NJ § N.J. Stat. § 23:7-7 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 105 (1894–2025) NY 73 (1886–2014) NJ 54 (1918–2026) PA 51 (1898–2024) TX 43 (1909–2023) IL 35 (1897–2026) FL 33 (1939–2018) MO 26 (1876–2001) OR 25 (1884–2025) WA 25 (1910–2018) MD 22 (1932–2020) IA 21 (1874–2024) SC 21 (1884–2013) MA 20 (1929–2025) OH 19 (1898–2021) NC 18 (1891–2024) AL 17 (1905–2012) MI 16 (1915–2024) OK 14 (1895–2021) WY 14 (1907–2022) CO 13 (1887–2016) IN 13 (1888–2013) KY 13 (1913–2025) LA 13 (1880–2017) MN 12 (1919–2008) UT 12 (1903–2025) AZ 12 (1952–2005) SD 11 (1914–2010) DC 11 (1991–2025) VA 10 (1906–2010) CT 10 (1989–2021) HI 10 (1901–2015) MS 10 (1893–2001) AK 9 (1969–2014) KS 9 (1907–2022) WI 9 (1930–2026) TN 9 (1917–2024) AR 8 (1915–2020) GA 7 (1854–1992) NM 6 (1939–2013) ID 6 (1911–2015) WV 5 (1912–1994) RI 5 (1961–1995) ME 4 (1905–2017) NV 4 (1967–1995) NE 4 (1896–1979) MT 4 (1905–2017) VT 3 (1896–1998) NH 3 (1965–2007) DE 3 (1924–1996) VI 2 (2017–2026) ND 2 (1966–1972)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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