Aguilar-Spinelli test in Montana

6 Montana opinions name it 1 courts 1978–2020 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Montana courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (6)

Case	Followed	Cited
Aguilar v. Texasred scotus · 1964 · cited in 4 Montana opinions naming this issue, 1980–1990 2 sentences 1980The Aguilar-Spinelli test is derived from Aguilar v. Texas (1964), 378 U.S. 108 , 84 S.Ct. 1509 , 12 L.Ed.2d 723 ; and Spinelli v. United States (1969), 393 U.S. 410 , 89 S.Ct. 584 , 21 L.Ed.2d 496 637. 1980The Aguilar-Spinelli test is derived from Aguilar v. Texas (1964), 378 U.S. 108 , 84 S.Ct. 1509 , 12 L.Ed.2d 723 ; and Spinelli v. United States (1969), 393 U.S. 410 , 89 S.Ct. 584 , 21 L.Ed.2d 496 637.	2	4
Spinelli v. United Statesred scotus · 1969 · cited in 4 Montana opinions naming this issue, 1980–1990 2 sentences 1980The Aguilar-Spinelli test is derived from Aguilar v. Texas (1964), 378 U.S. 108 , 84 S.Ct. 1509 , 12 L.Ed.2d 723 ; and Spinelli v. United States (1969), 393 U.S. 410 , 89 S.Ct. 584 , 21 L.Ed.2d 496 637. 1980The Aguilar-Spinelli test is derived from Aguilar v. Texas (1964), 378 U.S. 108 , 84 S.Ct. 1509 , 12 L.Ed.2d 723 ; and Spinelli v. United States (1969), 393 U.S. 410 , 89 S.Ct. 584 , 21 L.Ed.2d 496 637.	2	4
Illinois v. Gatesgreen scotus · 1983 · cited in 2 Montana opinions naming this issue, 1986–2020 2 sentences 2020Marks, ¶¶ 14, 18 (clarifying seemingly inconsistent precedential references to “substantial basis” standard of review as “the same thing as” a conclusion of “sufficient probable cause”); Marks, ¶¶ 16-20; United States v. Hicks, 575 F.3d 130, 136 (1st Cir. 2009); Velardi v. Walsh, 40 F.3d 569, 574 (2d Cir. 1994); United States v. Riedesel, 987 F.2d 1383, 1391 (8th Cir. 1993). 6 information test); Gates, 462 U.S. at 229-44 , 103 S. Ct. at 2328-36 (rejecting rigid Aguilar-Spinelli test for informat information).8 Consequently, contrary to Grandchamp’s assertion, the totality of the circumstances 2020Marks, ¶¶ 14, 18 (clarifying seemingly inconsistent precedential references to “substantial basis” standard of review as “the same thing as” a conclusion of “sufficient probable cause”); Marks, ¶¶ 16-20; United States v. Hicks, 575 F.3d 130, 136 (1st Cir. 2009); Velardi v. Walsh, 40 F.3d 569, 574 (2d Cir. 1994); United States v. Riedesel, 987 F.2d 1383, 1391 (8th Cir. 1993). 6 information test); Gates, 462 U.S. at 229-44 , 103 S. Ct. at 2328-36 (rejecting rigid Aguilar-Spinelli test for informat information).8 Consequently, contrary to Grandchamp’s assertion, the totality of the circumstances	1	2
Mary Velardi and Frances Velardi v. Cornelius R. Walsh, Jr. And Robert L. Boekgreen ca2 · 1994 · cited in 1 Montana opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020 1 sentence 2020Marks, ¶¶ 14, 18 (clarifying seemingly inconsistent precedential references to “substantial basis” standard of review as “the same thing as” a conclusion of “sufficient probable cause”); Marks, ¶¶ 16-20; United States v. Hicks, 575 F.3d 130, 136 (1st Cir. 2009); Velardi v. Walsh, 40 F.3d 569, 574 (2d Cir. 1994); United States v. Riedesel, 987 F.2d 1383, 1391 (8th Cir. 1993). 6 information test); Gates, 462 U.S. at 229-44 , 103 S. Ct. at 2328-36 (rejecting rigid Aguilar-Spinelli test for informat information).8 Consequently, contrary to Grandchamp’s assertion, the totality of the circumstances	1	1
United States v. Hicksgreen ca1 · 2009 · cited in 1 Montana opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020 1 sentence 2020Marks, ¶¶ 14, 18 (clarifying seemingly inconsistent precedential references to “substantial basis” standard of review as “the same thing as” a conclusion of “sufficient probable cause”); Marks, ¶¶ 16-20; United States v. Hicks, 575 F.3d 130, 136 (1st Cir. 2009); Velardi v. Walsh, 40 F.3d 569, 574 (2d Cir. 1994); United States v. Riedesel, 987 F.2d 1383, 1391 (8th Cir. 1993). 6 information test); Gates, 462 U.S. at 229-44 , 103 S. Ct. at 2328-36 (rejecting rigid Aguilar-Spinelli test for informat information).8 Consequently, contrary to Grandchamp’s assertion, the totality of the circumstances	1	1
United States v. Kevin Dale Riedeselgreen ca8 · 1993 · cited in 1 Montana opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020 1 sentence 2020Marks, ¶¶ 14, 18 (clarifying seemingly inconsistent precedential references to “substantial basis” standard of review as “the same thing as” a conclusion of “sufficient probable cause”); Marks, ¶¶ 16-20; United States v. Hicks, 575 F.3d 130, 136 (1st Cir. 2009); Velardi v. Walsh, 40 F.3d 569, 574 (2d Cir. 1994); United States v. Riedesel, 987 F.2d 1383, 1391 (8th Cir. 1993). 6 information test); Gates, 462 U.S. at 229-44 , 103 S. Ct. at 2328-36 (rejecting rigid Aguilar-Spinelli test for informat information).8 Consequently, contrary to Grandchamp’s assertion, the totality of the circumstances	1	1

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Montana. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (5)

Case	Cited	Years
State v. Erler neutral mont · 1983 2 sentences 1985For discussions of that test, see Aguilar v. Texas (1964), 378 U.S. 108 , 84 S.Ct. 1509 , 12 L.Ed.2d 723 ; Spinelli v. United States (1969), 393 U.S. 410 , 89 S. Ct. 584 , 21 L.Ed.2d 637 ; and State v. Erler (Mont.1983), [ 207 Mont. 88 ,] 672 P.2d 624 , 40 St. 1985For discussions of that test, see Aguilar v. Texas (1964), 378 U.S. 108 , 84 S.Ct. 1509 , 12 L.Ed.2d 723 ; Spinelli v. United States (1969), 393 U.S. 410 , 89 S. Ct. 584 , 21 L.Ed.2d 637 ; and State v. Erler (Mont.1983), [ 207 Mont. 88 ,] 672 P.2d 624 , 40 St.	1	1985–1985
State v. Leighty green mont · 1978 2 sentences 1980State v. Jackson (1979), 180 Mont. 195 , 589 P.2d 1009 ; State v. Leighty (1978), 179 Mont. 366 , 588 P.2d 526 . 1980State v. Jackson (1979), 180 Mont. 195 , 589 P.2d 1009 ; State v. Leighty (1978), 179 Mont. 366 , 588 P.2d 526 .	1	1980–1980
State v. Jackson green mont · 1979 2 sentences 1980State v. Jackson (1979), 180 Mont. 195 , 589 P.2d 1009 ; State v. Leighty (1978), 179 Mont. 366 , 588 P.2d 526 . 1980State v. Jackson (1979), 180 Mont. 195 , 589 P.2d 1009 ; State v. Leighty (1978), 179 Mont. 366 , 588 P.2d 526 .	1	1980–1980
State ex rel. Townsend v. District Court of the Fourth Judicial District neutral mont · 1975 2 sentences 1978State ex rel Townsend v. District Court (1975), 168 Mont. 357, 361 , 543 P.2d 193 . 1978State ex rel Townsend v. District Court (1975), 168 Mont. 357, 361 , 543 P.2d 193 .	1	1978–1978
State Ex Rel. Townsend v. DIST. CT. OF 4TH JD green mont · 1975 2 sentences 1978State ex rel Townsend v. District Court (1975), 168 Mont. 357, 361 , 543 P.2d 193 . 1978State ex rel Townsend v. District Court (1975), 168 Mont. 357, 361 , 543 P.2d 193 .	1	1978–1978

Where else courts name it

NY 312 (1975–2025) MA 119 (1985–2025) WA 87 (1973–2023) TN 86 (1991–2025) CT 44 (1984–2021) CO 43 (1973–2021) TX 35 (1982–2012) NM 29 (1989–2025) PA 29 (1973–2018) AK 21 (1985–2016) IL 17 (1977–2006) GA 15 (1975–1992) ID 15 (1980–2012) MI 13 (1982–2021) AL 12 (1982–2004) CA 10 (1983–2017) VA 9 (1972–2011) UT 8 (1984–2003) FL 8 (1978–1995) MD 8 (1974–2007) VT 7 (1989–2018) OH 7 (1988–2025) DC 6 (1977–2017) MT 6 (1978–2020) NC 5 (1983–2008) OK 5 (1973–1991) SD 4 (1976–2006) OR 3 (1985–2020) RI 3 (1984–2001) MS 3 (1985–2007) LA 3 (1983–1983) DE 2 (2008–2018) NH 2 (1985–1986) WY 2 (1992–1993) ND 2 (1985–1988) IN 2 (1988–1988) MN 2 (1978–1985) IA 2 (1990–2022) NJ 2 (1987–1991)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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