adversarial hearing (Illinois) · Go Syfert
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adversarial hearing in Illinois

48 Illinois opinions name it 2 courts 1980–2025 9 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Illinois courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (14)

CaseFollowedCited
People v. Cabralesgreen
illappct · 2001 · cited in 7 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2013–2015
2 sentences

2014Where the trial court, at various times, allowed both defense counsel and the State to assert that defendant’s claims warranted no further investigation, the hearing changed from one consistent with Krankel and its progeny to an adversarial hearing where defendant, without waiving his right to be represented, was forced, unrepresented, to argue the merits of his claims.” Id. ¶ 31 We rejected the State’s invitation to find the error harmless, instead relying on cases where “courts have reversed and remanded when the preliminary inquiry morphed into an adversarial hearing with the State particip

2014Where the trial court, at various times, allowed both defense counsel and the State to assert that defendant’s claims warranted no further investigation, the hearing changed from one consistent with Krankel and its progeny to an adversarial hearing where defendant, without waiving his right to be represented, was forced, unrepresented, to argue the merits of his claims.” Id. ¶ 31 We rejected the State’s invitation to find the error harmless, instead relying on cases where “courts have reversed and remanded when the preliminary inquiry morphed into an adversarial hearing with the State particip

77
People v. Fieldsgreen
illappct · 2013 · cited in 4 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2014–2022
2 sentences

2022See Jolly, 2014 IL 117142, ¶ 46 (the proper remedy on direct appeal for the State’s improper participation in a preliminary Krankel inquiry is to remand for a new inquiry before a different judge and without the State’s adversarial participation); Fields, 2013 IL App (2d) 120945, ¶ 42 (noting that courts have reversed and remanded “when the preliminary inquiry morphed into an adversarial hearing with the State participating and the defendant appearing pro se”). ¶ 43 In sum, defendant has made a substantial showing of ineffective assistance based on appellate counsel’s failure to argue that the

2015After reviewing the record, the appellate court in Fields concluded: “Where the trial court, at various times, allowed both defense counsel and the State to assert that defendant’s claims warranted no further investigation, the hearing changed from one consistent with Krankel and its progeny to an adversarial hearing where defendant, without waiving his right to be represented, was forced, unrepresented, to argue the merits of his claims.” Fields, 2013 IL App (2d) 120945, ¶ 41 . ¶ 35 Ultimately, the Fields court rejected the State’s argument that its improper adversarial participation in the p

44
People v. Finleygreen
illappct · 1978 · cited in 4 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2013–2014
2 sentences

2014See People v. Finley, 63 Ill.

2014See People v. Finley, 63 Ill.

44
People v. Mooregreen
ill · 2003 · cited in 4 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2014–2023
2 sentences

2023Id. ¶ 14 In People v. Moore, 207 Ill. 2d 68, 78 (2003), our supreme court stated that “[t]he operative concern for the reviewing court is whether the trial court conducted an adequate inquiry into the defendant’s pro se allegations of ineffective assistance of counsel.” The court iterated that, in so evaluating defendant’s claim, the court can question trial counsel, have a discussion with the defendant, or “base its evaluation of the defendant’s pro se allegations of ineffective assistance on its knowledge of defense counsel’s performance at trial and the insufficiency of the defendant’s alle

2023Id. ¶ 14 In People v. Moore, 207 Ill. 2d 68, 78 (2003), our supreme court stated that “[t]he operative concern for the reviewing court is whether the trial court conducted an adequate inquiry into the defendant’s pro se allegations of ineffective assistance of counsel.” The court iterated that, in so evaluating defendant’s claim, the court can question trial counsel, have a discussion with the defendant, or “base its evaluation of the defendant’s pro se allegations of ineffective assistance on its knowledge of defense counsel’s performance at trial and the insufficiency of the defendant’s alle

24
People v. Munsongreen
ill · 1996 · cited in 3 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2018–2021
2 sentences

2021People v. Munson, 171 Ill. 2d 158, 199-200 (1996).

2020People v. Munson, 171 Ill. 2d 158, 199-200 (1996).

23
People v. Crequegreen
ill · 1978 · cited in 3 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
2 sentences

2019People v. Creque , 72 Ill. 2d 515 , 527, 22 Ill.Dec. 403 , 382 N.E.2d 793 (1978).

2019People v. Creque , 72 Ill. 2d 515 , 527, 22 Ill.Dec. 403 , 382 N.E.2d 793 (1978).

23
People v. McLauringreen
illappct · 2012 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
2 sentences

2013See People v. McLaurin, 2012 IL App (1st) 102943, ¶ 42 .4 Other courts have reversed and remanded when the preliminary inquiry morphed into an adversarial hearing with the State participating and the defendant appearing pro se.

2013See People v. McLaurin, 2012 IL App (1st) 102943, ¶ 42 .4 Other courts have reversed and remanded when the preliminary inquiry morphed into an adversarial hearing with the State participating and the defendant appearing pro se.

22
Gerstein v. Pughgreen
scotus · 1975 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
2 sentences

2002See Gerstein, 420 U.S. at 120 , 43 L.

2002See Gerstein, 420 U.S. at 120 , 43 L.

22
People v. Jollygreen
ill · 2014 · cited in 3 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2015–2022
2 sentences

2022Jolly, 2014 IL 117142, ¶ 46 . ¶ 37 Here, defendant asserts that what began as a standard preliminary Krankel inquiry quickly and improperly evolved into an adversarial hearing during which the ASA and defense counsel teamed up to contest the substance of his claims, while he remained unrepresented and was forced to argue pro se against them both.

2022See Jolly, 2014 IL 117142, ¶ 46 (the proper remedy on direct appeal for the State’s improper participation in a preliminary Krankel inquiry is to remand for a new inquiry before a different judge and without the State’s adversarial participation); Fields, 2013 IL App (2d) 120945, ¶ 42 (noting that courts have reversed and remanded “when the preliminary inquiry morphed into an adversarial hearing with the State participating and the defendant appearing pro se”). ¶ 43 In sum, defendant has made a substantial showing of ineffective assistance based on appellate counsel’s failure to argue that the

13
Taylor v. City of Chicagogreen
illappct · 2024 · cited in 1 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025Taylor v. City of Chicago, 2024 IL App (1st) 221232, ¶ 105 (“We review evidentiary rulings on hearsay testimony and any exceptions to hearsay under an abuse of discretion standard.”).

11
Illinois Wood Energy Partners, L.P. v. County of Cookgreen
illappct · 1995 · cited in 1 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025Id. (quoting Illinois Wood Energy Partners, LP v. County of Cook, 281 Ill.

11
People v. Pattersongreen
ill · 2014 · cited in 1 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025See Patterson, 2014 IL 115102, ¶ 81 ; Garcia, 2024 IL App (1st) 230325-U, ¶ 46 . - 15 - ¶ 34 h.

11
People v. Marsgreen
illappct · 2012 · cited in 1 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
1 sentence

2020App. 3d 134, 138 (2010)), including a determination that defendant forfeited review of claims he raises on appeal by not raising those issues in his pro se petition (Mars, 2012 IL App (2d) 110695, ¶¶ 11, 33 ). ¶ 20 Defendant claims that he presented the gist of claims that counsel was ineffective for failing to argue that (1) the trial court erred in allowing the State to introduce, at his second sentencing hearing, the transcript of his testimony at his first sentencing hearing; and (2) the court erred in conducting an adversarial hearing pursuant to Krankel without first appointing new couns

11
Mermelstein v. Rothnergreen
illappct · 2004 · cited in 1 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005See Mermelstein, 349 Ill.App.3d at 804 , 285 Ill.Dec. 641 , 812 N.E.2d 461 (one of the purposes of the saving provision is to protect potential litigants who do not promptly file every claim they may have, but instead refrain from filing against a party until that party asserts an adversarial claim against them).

2005See Mermelstein, 349 Ill.App.3d at 804 , 285 Ill.Dec. 641 , 812 N.E.2d 461 (one of the purposes of the saving provision is to protect potential litigants who do not promptly file every claim they may have, but instead refrain from filing against a party until that party asserts an adversarial claim against them).

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Illinois. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (26)

CaseCitedYears
KEY OUTDOOR, INC., Plaintiff-Appellant, v. THE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, Et Al., Defendants-Appellees green
illappct · 2001
2 sentences

2025In Key Outdoor v. Dept. of Transportation, 322 Ill.

2025Id. (quoting Illinois Wood Energy Partners, LP v. County of Cook, 281 Ill.

32008–2025
People v. Reed green
illappct · 2018
2 sentences

2023Id. ¶ 14 In People v. Moore, 207 Ill. 2d 68, 78 (2003), our supreme court stated that “[t]he operative concern for the reviewing court is whether the trial court conducted an adequate inquiry into the defendant’s pro se allegations of ineffective assistance of counsel.” The court iterated that, in so evaluating defendant’s claim, the court can question trial counsel, have a discussion with the defendant, or “base its evaluation of the defendant’s pro se allegations of ineffective assistance on its knowledge of defense counsel’s performance at trial and the insufficiency of the defendant’s alle

2021People v. Reed, 2018 IL App (1st) 160609, ¶ 52 . ¶ 53 We find that Krankel counsel, in properly dispensing her obligations after being appointed, preserved the claim that trial counsel rendered ineffective assistance of counsel by failing to object to the trial court’s entry of judgment on counts I and II. ¶ 54 The trial court’s ruling on a motion for new trial will not be reversed absent an abuse of discretion.

32021–2023
People v. Robinson green
illappct · 2015
2 sentences

2018However, we did not find persuasive defendant’s claims (1) that the State’s evidence was insufficient to prove residential burglary and aggravated battery or (2) that his sentence for residential burglary was excessive. ¶3 In addition, we remanded for a new Krankel hearing before a different judge, finding that “the State’s participation changed the preliminary Krankel hearing from an objective or neutral inquiry into an adversarial inquiry.” People v. Robinson, 2015 IL App (1st) 130837, ¶ 81 .

2017However, we did not find persuasive defendant's claims (1) that the State's evidence was insufficient to prove residential burglary and aggravated battery or (2) that his sentence for residential burglary was excessive. ¶ 3 In addition, we remanded for a new Krankel hearing before a different judge, finding that "the State's participation changed the preliminary Krankel hearing from an objective or neutral inquiry into an adversarial inquiry." People v. Robinson , 2015 IL App (1st) 130837 , ¶ 81, 394 Ill.Dec. 126 , 35 N.E.3d 1095 .

32017–2018
Petersen v. CHICAGO PLAN COM'N green
illappct · 1998
2 sentences

2000Accordingly, “ ‘the full panoply of judicial procedure’ does not apply to the fact-finding investigation, including ‘rights of discovery, confrontation, cross-examination, and other elements of due process involved in judicial and quasi-judicial proceedings.’ ” Petersen, 302 Ill.

2000Accordingly, " 'the full panoply of judicial procedure' does not apply to the fact-finding investigation, including 'rights of discovery, confrontation, cross-examination, and other elements of due process involved in judicial and quasi-judicial proceedings.' " Petersen , 302 Ill.

22000–2000
Hannah v. Larche green
scotus · 1960
2 sentences

1998Relying on Hannah v. Larche, 363 U.S. 420, 442-43 , 4 L.

1998Relying on Hannah v. Larche, 363 U.S. 420, 442-43 , 4 L.

21998–1998
Strickland v. Washington green
scotus · 1984
1 sentence

2025Moreover, a verdict or conclusion only weakly supported by the record is - 21 - more likely to have been affected by errors than one with overwhelming record support.” Strickland, 466 U.S. at 695-66 . ¶ 54 Here, the trial court conducted an adversarial hearing with witness testimony following Krankel counsel’s motion and reached a decision on the merits of the ineffective assistance claims.

12025–2025
Vincent v. Dept. of Human Services green
illappct · 2009
1 sentence

2025To overturn an agency’s decision under the Administrative Procedure Act when mixed questions are presented, the reviewing court must be “left with the definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been made.” Id. ¶ 11 In administrative review cases involving the Department’s denial or revocation of a permit, a full adversarial hearing is not necessarily required.

12025–2025
People v. Custer green
ill · 2019
2 sentences

2025Instead, the State was allowed to file a motion to dismiss, which would not have been allowed had the Krankel procedure been afforded to the defendant. ¶ 49 In People v. Custer, 2019 IL 123339 , our supreme court had the opportunity to review the differences between the common law Krankel procedure developed by Illinois courts and the Post- Conviction Hearing Act.

2025Instead, the State was allowed to file a motion to dismiss, which would not have been allowed had the Krankel procedure been afforded to the defendant. ¶ 49 In People v. Custer, 2019 IL 123339 , our supreme court had the opportunity to review the differences between the common law Krankel procedure developed by Illinois courts and the Post- Conviction Hearing Act.

12025–2025
People v. Krankel green
ill · 1984
1 sentence

2020He appeals that dismissal, contending that he presented arguable claims that his trial counsel was ineffective for failing to argue that (1) the trial court erred in allowing the State to introduce, at his second sentencing hearing, the transcript of his testimony at his first sentencing hearing, as he was denied his right against self-incrimination when he testified at that earlier hearing; and (2) the court erred in conducting an adversarial hearing pursuant to People v. Krankel, 2020 IL App (2d) 180108-U 102 Ill. 2d 181 (1984), without first appointing new counsel to represent defendant.

12020–2020
In re Commitment of Dodge green
illappct · 2013
1 sentence

2014Respondent points to nothing to establish “a reasonable probability that *** the outcome [of the proceedings] would have been different.” Id.

12014–2014
In re Commitment of Walker green
illappct · 2014
2 sentences

2014Respondent points to nothing to establish “a - 23 - 2014 IL App (2d) 130372 reasonable probability that *** the outcome [of the proceedings] would have been different.” Id.

2014Respondent points to nothing to establish “a - 23 - 2014 IL App (2d) 130372 reasonable probability that *** the outcome [of the proceedings] would have been different.” Id.

12014–2014
People v. Adkins green
ill · 2010
1 sentence

2012Adkins, 239 Ill. 2d at 43 .

12012–2012
Jabbari v. Human Rights Commission green
illappct · 1988
2 sentences

2000Accordingly, "`the full panoply of judicial procedure' does not apply to the fact-finding investigation, including `rights of discovery, confrontation, cross-examination, and other elements of due process involved in judicial and quasi-judicial proceedings.'" Petersen, 302 Ill.App.3d at 468 , 236 Ill.Dec. 305 , 707 N.E.2d 150 , quoting Jabbari v. Human Rights Comm'n, 173 Ill.App.3d 227, 233 , 123 Ill.Dec. 17 , 527 N.E.2d 480 (1988).

2000Accordingly, "`the full panoply of judicial procedure' does not apply to the fact-finding investigation, including `rights of discovery, confrontation, cross-examination, and other elements of due process involved in judicial and quasi-judicial proceedings.'" Petersen, 302 Ill.App.3d at 468 , 236 Ill.Dec. 305 , 707 N.E.2d 150 , quoting Jabbari v. Human Rights Comm'n, 173 Ill.App.3d 227, 233 , 123 Ill.Dec. 17 , 527 N.E.2d 480 (1988).

12000–2000
People v. Ivory green
illappct · 1985
2 sentences

1994Stat. 1989, ch. 38, pars. 104—16, 104—21.) Defendant therefore asserts that he was deprived of all rights afforded him pursuant to the statutes concerning fitness to stand trial. "[A] court is required to order an adversarial hearing to determine a defendant’s fitness to stand trial only if it is apprised of facts which raise a bona fide question of defendant’s fitness.” (People v. Ivory (1985), 139 Ill.

1994App. 3d 448, 451 , 487 N.E.2d 1035, 1037 .) The determination as to whether a bona fide question of defendant’s fitness to stand trial rests generally within the sound discretion of the trial court.

11994–1994
Fort Wayne Books, Inc. v. Indiana green
scotus · 1989
1 sentence

1992Ed. 2d 34, 51 , 109 S. Ct. 916, 927 .) Large scale confiscations of books and films have been invalidated by the Court where the seizure occurred prior to an adversarial hearing on the obscenity of the materials.

11992–1992
A Quantity of Copies of Books v. Kansas green
scotus · 1964
11992–1992
The PEOPLE v. Kimmel green
ill · 1966
11992–1992
Maryland v. MacOn green
scotus · 1985
1 sentence

1992Ed. 2d at 378 , 105 S. Ct. at 2783 .) Regardless of whether the police returned the boxes taken from the store or whether the seizure of multiple copies from the store’s shelves was inadvertent, the result was that “a great number” of magazines were removed from circulation for an extended period of time before an adversarial hearing on the obscenity issue was held.

11992–1992
State v. Easthope green
utah · 1983
11987–1987
People v. Davenport green
illappct · 1980
11985–1985
People v. Bivins green
illappct · 1981
11983–1983
People v. Greene green
illappct · 1981
11983–1983
Village of South Elgin v. Waste Management of Illinois, Inc. green
illappct · 1978
11983–1983
People v. Davis neutral
illappct · 1975
11981–1981
People v. Williams green
illappct · 1980
11981–1981
People v. Manning green
ill · 1979
11980–1980

Statutes the citing opinions construe

IL § 720 ILCS 5/9-1 (6) IL § 720 ILCS 5/19-3 (5) IL § 705 ILCS 105/27.3e (4) IL § 725 ILCS 5/122-1 (4) IL § 55 ILCS 5/4-2002 (3) IL § 720 ILCS 5/5-2 (3) IL § 725 ILCS 240/10 (3) IL § 725 ILCS 5/110-14 (3) IL § 735 ILCS 5/2-1401 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

IL 48 (1980–2025) TX 45 (1990–2024) NY 40 (1976–2026) FL 36 (1985–2025) CA 25 (1981–2025) WA 25 (1994–2024) MS 18 (1990–2022) NJ 13 (1983–2022) CT 13 (1987–2016) MO 13 (1994–2019) IN 12 (1985–2018) KY 12 (2000–2026) NM 11 (1995–2024) PA 11 (1980–2025) OH 9 (1989–2020) OR 8 (1981–2023) MD 7 (1984–2025) MI 7 (1989–2018) KS 7 (1991–2015) AL 7 (1989–2004) CO 7 (1989–2011) NV 7 (1984–2020) NC 6 (1990–2026) LA 6 (1986–2017) SC 6 (1994–2011) TN 6 (1995–2015) GA 6 (1970–2025) DC 5 (1992–2016) AK 5 (1995–2025) AZ 5 (1984–2018) IA 4 (2002–2023) VT 4 (1994–2022) MN 4 (1989–2017) OK 3 (1990–2013) AR 3 (2004–2019) SD 3 (1996–1996) MT 2 (1998–2025) NE 2 (1998–2017) WV 2 (1980–2002) DE 2 (2020–2021)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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