twofold requirement (Michigan) · Go Syfert
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twofold requirement in Michigan

6 Michigan opinions name it 2 courts 1972–2008 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Michigan courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (1)

CaseFollowedCited
People v. Rufus Williamsgreen
mich · 1971 · cited in 1 Michigan opinions naming this issue, 1972–1972
1 sentence

1972People v Rufus Williams, 386 Mich 277, 284 (1971), interpreted Barrows as formulating a twofold test as to whether a factual basis existed for acceptance of the guilty plea.

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Michigan. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (3)

CaseCitedYears
Katz v. United States green
scotus · 1967
2 sentences

2008Generally, as here, the answer to that question requires reference to a "place." My understanding of the rule that has emerged from prior decisions is that there is a twofold requirement, first that a person have exhibited an actual (subjective) expectation of privacy and, second, that the expectation be one that society is prepared to recognize as "reasonable." Thus a man's home is, for most purposes, a place where he expects privacy.... [ Id. at 361 , 88 S.Ct. 507 (Harlan, J., concurring).] By focusing on the illegality of the contraband obtained by the search, the majority disregards the si

2008Generally, as here, the answer to that question requires reference to a "place." My understanding of the rule that has emerged from prior decisions is that there is a twofold requirement, first that a person have exhibited an actual (subjective) expectation of privacy and, second, that the expectation be one that society is prepared to recognize as "reasonable." Thus a man's home is, for most purposes, a place where he expects privacy.... [ Id. at 361 , 88 S.Ct. 507 (Harlan, J., concurring).] By focusing on the illegality of the contraband obtained by the search, the majority disregards the si

31981–2008
State Employees Ass'n v. Department of Management & Budget green
mich · 1987
1 sentence

1989State Employees, supra, pp 127-128 .

11989–1989
Hlady v. Wolverine Bolt Company green
mich · 1949
2 sentences

1981After following the twofold standard of Lovalo , and later West , for almost 30 years, this Court abruptly switched its focus in Hlady v Wolverine Bolt Co, 325 Mich 23 ; 37 NW2d 576 (1949).

1981After following the twofold standard of Lovalo , and later West , for almost 30 years, this Court abruptly switched its focus in Hlady v Wolverine Bolt Co, 325 Mich 23 ; 37 NW2d 576 (1949).

11981–1981

Where else courts name it

CT 37 (1982–2015) CA 27 (1955–2021) IL 26 (1974–2025) LA 26 (1975–2023) PA 22 (1980–2025) OH 22 (1966–2023) NY 17 (1978–2025) NC 15 (1954–2024) AL 15 (1987–2014) OR 11 (1971–1985) HI 11 (1982–2025) MD 11 (1925–2018) ND 8 (1983–2012) TX 8 (1982–2014) WA 7 (1983–2013) NJ 7 (1970–1995) AK 7 (1973–2009) MO 6 (1881–2018) WI 6 (1976–2013) MI 6 (1972–2008) SD 6 (1986–2008) DC 6 (1975–2011) FL 6 (1977–1993) NM 5 (1974–2014) MA 5 (1982–2013) IN 4 (1981–2002) CO 4 (1975–2021) NH 4 (2003–2007) IA 4 (2008–2022) KY 3 (1955–2017) AZ 3 (1985–1993) WV 3 (1985–2007) KS 2 (2010–2015) VT 2 (1991–2002) DE 2 (1980–2016) TN 2 (1979–2014) UT 2 (1989–1997) OK 2 (1982–1982) MS 2 (2020–2022)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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