two-tiered standard in Indiana

2026For any such issue “covered by the findings, we apply the two-tiered standard of whether the evidence supports the findings, and whether the findings support the judgment.” Id.

2026Servs., 144 N.E.3d 686 , 689 (Ind. 2020). [24] Here, the trial court entered, sua sponte, findings of fact and conclusions thereon in granting the CHINS petition. “‘As to the issues covered by the findings, we apply the two-tiered standard of whether the evidence supports the findings, and whether the findings support the judgment.’” N.E., 228 N.E.3d at 475 (quoting In re S.D., 2 N.E.3d 1283, 1287 (Ind. 2014)).

2020In re S.P.H., 806 N.E.2d 874, 879 (Ind. Ct. App. 2004). [16] Where, as here, the juvenile court entered specific findings and conclusions, we apply a two-tiered standard of review.

2020In re S.P.H., 806 N.E.2d 874, 879 (Ind. Ct. App. 2004). [22] Where, as here, the juvenile court entered specific findings and conclusions, we apply a two-tiered standard of review.

2017Clark v. Crowe, 778 N.E.2d 835, 839 (Ind. Ct. App. 2002).

2013Clark v. Crowe, 778 N.E.2d 835, 839 (Ind. Ct. App. 2002).

2019In re L.S., 717 N.E.2d 204 , 208 (Ind. Ct. App. 1999), trans. denied , cert. denied , 534 U.S. 1161 , 122 S.Ct. 1197 , 152 L.Ed.2d 136 (2002) . [9] Where, as here, the juvenile court enters findings of fact and conclusions thereon, we apply a two-tiered standard of review.

2018In re L.S., 717 N.E.2d 204, 208 (Ind. Ct. App. 1999), trans. denied, cert. denied, 534 U.S. 1161 (2002). [11] The juvenile court entered findings of fact and conclusions thereon as required in termination cases,2 and we therefore apply a two-tiered standard of review.

2020Hazelett v. Hazelett, 119 N.E.3d 153, 157 (Ind. Ct. App. 2019) (citing Tompa v. Tompa, 867 N.E.2d 158, 163 (Ind. Ct. App. 2007)).

2014Standard of Review Pursuant to Indiana Trial Rule 52, when a trial court issues specific findings of fact and conclusions of law, we apply a two-tiered standard of review: we must determine “whether the evidence supports the findings and whether the findings support the judgment.” Tompa v. Tompa, 867 N.E.2d 158,163 (Ind.Ct.App.2007).

2018When, as in this case, the trial court has made findings of fact and conclusions of law, we apply a two-tiered standard of review: "we must first determine whether the evidence supports the findings and second, whether the findings support the judgment." In re Adoption of T.W., 859 N.E.2d 1215 , 1217 (Ind. Ct. App. 2006) ; see also Ind. Trial Rule 52(A) (providing that where the trial court has made findings of fact and conclusions of law, "the court on appeal shall not set aside the findings or judgment unless clearly erroneous, and due regard shall be given to the opportunity of the trial co

2018Where, as here, the trial court has entered findings and conclusions, Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 82A04-1707-AD-1590 | January 23, 2018 Page 3 of 8 “we apply a two-tiered standard of review: ‘we must first determine whether the evidence supports the findings and second, whether the findings support the judgment.’” In re Adoption of T.L., 4 N.E.3d 658, 662 (Ind. 2014) (quoting In re Adoption of T.W., 859 N.E.2d 1215, 1217 (Ind. Ct. App. 2006)).

2020Mysliwy v. Mysliwy, 953 N.E.2d 1072 (Ind. Ct. App. 2011) (citations omitted), trans. denied.

2015Discussion and Decision [13] Where, as here, on request of the parties, the trial court issues findings of fact and conclusions thereon pursuant to Indiana Trial Rule 52(A), we apply a two-tiered standard of review. 3 Mysliwy v. Mysliwy, 953 N.E.2d 1072, 1076-77 (Ind.Ct.App.2011), tmns. denied First, we determine whether the evidence supports the findings, and second whether the findings support the judgment.

2020In re R.P., 949 N.E.2d 395, 400 (Ind. Ct. App. 2011).

2019Where the trial court issues findings of fact and conclusions thereon, we apply a two-tiered standard of review. *1155 In re R.P. , 949 N.E.2d 395 , 400 (Ind. Ct. App. 2011).

2019In re Adoption of A.S., 912 N.E.2d 840, 851 (Ind. Ct. App. 2009), trans. denied.

2019In re Adoption of A.S. , 912 N.E.2d 840 , 851 (Ind. Ct. App. 2009), trans. denied .

2019When the trial court makes findings of fact and conclusions of law, we apply a two-tiered standard of review: “we [ ] first determine whether the evidence supports the findings and second, whether the findings support the judgment.” In re T.L., 4 N.E.3d 658, 662 (Ind. 2014).

2018Where, as here, the trial court has entered findings and conclusions, Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 82A04-1707-AD-1590 | January 23, 2018 Page 3 of 8 “we apply a two-tiered standard of review: ‘we must first determine whether the evidence supports the findings and second, whether the findings support the judgment.’” In re Adoption of T.L., 4 N.E.3d 658, 662 (Ind. 2014) (quoting In re Adoption of T.W., 859 N.E.2d 1215, 1217 (Ind. Ct. App. 2006)).

2002In applying a two-tiered standard of review, we " 'determine whether the evidence supports the findings and the findings support the judgment.' In deference to the trial court's proximity to the issues, 'we disturb the judgment only where there is no evidence supporting the findings or the findings fail to support the judgment" Oil Supply Co. v. Hires Parts Serv., Inc., 726 N.E.2d 246, 248 (Ind.2000) (citation omitted) (quoting Chidester v. City of Hobart, 631 *227 N.E.2d 908, 910 (Ind.1994)).

2002In applying a two-tiered standard of review, we “ ‘determine whether the evidence supports the findings and the findings support the judgment.’ In deference to the trial court’s proximity to the issues, *we disturb the judgment only where there is no evidence supporting the findings or the findings fail to support the judgment.’ ” Oil Supply Co. v. Hires Parts Serv., Inc., 726 N.E.2d 246, 248 (Ind.2000) (citation omitted) (quoting Chidester v. City of Hobart, 631 N.E.2d 908, 910 (Ind.1994)).

2025First, we determine whether the evidence supports the findings, and second[,] we determine whether the findings support the judgment.” Id. “[W]e will not set aside the trial court’s findings or judgment unless clearly erroneous.” K.T.K., 989 N.E.2d at 1229 ; Ind. Trial Rule 52(A).

2020Id. [29] The juvenile court entered findings of fact and conclusions thereon as required by Indiana Code section 31-35-2-8(c), and we therefore apply a two-tiered standard of review, Bester, 839 N.E.2d at 147 .

2026We review the remaining issues under the general judgment standard, which provides that a judgment “‘will be affirmed if it can be sustained on any legal theory supported by the evidence.’” Id. (quoting Yanoff v. Muncy, 688 N.E.2d 1259, 1262 (Ind. 16 Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another, formerly known as Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy, involves making false claims that someone within your care needs medical attention.

2015“As to the issues covered by the findings, we apply the two-tiered standard of whether the evidence supports the findings, and whether the findings support the judgment.” Id. (citing Yanoff v. Muncy, 688 N.E.2d 1259, 1262 (Ind. 1997)).

2020Quinn v. Quinn, 62 N.E.3d 1212, 1220 (Ind. Ct. App. 2016).

2020Quinn v. Quinn, 62 N.E.3d 1212, 1220 (Ind. Ct. App. 2016).

2018A.D.S. v. Indiana Dep’t of Child Servs., 987 N.E.2d 1150, 1156 (Ind. Ct. App. 2013), trans. denied.

2015Where, as here, the trial court enters findings of fact and conclusions of law in its termination of parental rights, we apply a two-tiered standard of review.2 A.D.S. v. Ind. Dep’t of Child Servs., 987 N.E.2d 1150, 1156 (Ind. Ct. App. 2013), trans. denied.

2015In re M.W., 943 N.E.2d 848, 853 (Ind. Ct. App. 2011), trans. denied.

2015In re M.W., 943 N.E.2d 848, 853 (Ind. Ct. App. 2011), trans. denied.

2009Freese v. Burns, 771 N.E.2d 697, 700-01 (Ind.Ct.App.2002).

2009Freese v. Burns, 771 N.E.2d 697, 700-01 (Ind.Ct.App.2002).

2018Id. [11] Where, as here, the trial court issues special findings and conclusions thereon pursuant to Indiana Trial Rule 52, "we apply the following two-tiered standard of review: whether the evidence supports the findings and whether the findings support the judgment." Staresnick v. Staresnick , 830 N.E.2d 127 , 131 (Ind. Ct. App. 2005), reh'g denied .

2010Where, as here, the trial court issues special findings and conclusions thereon pursuant to Indiana Trial Rule 52, "we apply the following two-tiered standard of review: whether the evidence supports the findings and whether the findings support the judgment." Staresnick v. Staresnick, 830 N.E.2d 127, 131 (Ind.Ct.App.2005).

2017When the trial court enters findings of fact, the appellate court applies a two-tiered standard of review “considering first whether the evidence supports the findings and then whether the findings support the judgment.” Id.; see also In re A.C., 905 N.E.2d 456, 461 (Ind. Ct. App. 2009) (citing Parmeter v. Cass County Dep’t. of Child Servs., 878 N.E.2d 444, 450 (Ind. Ct. App. 2007)).

2016Parmeter v. Cass County DCS, 878 N.E.2d 444, 450 (Ind. Ct. App. 2007), reh’g denied.

2024See Tibbs v. State, 59 N.E.3d 1005, 1019 (Ind. Ct. App. 2016) (citing Stonger v. Sorrell, 776 N.E.2d 353, 358 (Ind. 2002)).

2017Stonger v. Sorrell, 776 N.E.2d 353, 358 (Ind. 2002).

2019Additionally, the trial court issued specific findings of fact and conclusions thereon, which requires application of the two-tiered standard of review set forth in Indiana Trial Rule 52(A): “[f]irst, we determine whether the evidence supports the findings, and second we determine whether the findings support the judgment.” Id.

2018Additionally, the trial court issued specific findings of fact and conclusions thereon, which requires application of the two-tiered standard of review set forth in Indiana Trial Rule 52(A): “[f]irst, we determine whether the evidence supports the findings, and second we determine whether the findings support the judgment.” Id.

2019In re R.S., 56 N.E.3d at 628 .

2018In re R.S., 56 N.E.3d at 628 .