determined rule (New Jersey) · Go Syfert
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determined rule in New Jersey

25 New Jersey opinions name it 3 courts 1980–2025 5 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by New Jersey courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (8)

CaseFollowedCited
Idaho v. Wrightgreen
scotus · 1990 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025Although it found no fault with the forensic interviewer, the court determined the factors were largely in equipoise and stated that because a tie goes to defendant, C.H.'s FVI would not 3 497 U.S. 805, 821-22 (1990).

11
United States v. Anthony Lapierregreen
ca9 · 1993 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
2 sentences

2024In United States v. LaPierre, 998 F.2d 1460, 1465 (9th Cir. 1993), the court determined it was error to admit the lay opinion identification testimony of a police officer who identified the defendant in robbery surveillance photographs where the testimony was not helpful to the jury.

2024The police officer A-1064-21 19 had never met the defendant before the robbery and had never seen the defendant "in person." Ibid.

11
Patterson v. Board of Trustees, State Police Retirement Systemgreen
nj · 2008 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
2 sentences

2021In Patterson v. Board of Trustees, State Police Retirement System, 194 N.J. 29, 33 (2008), the Court determined the standard governing a claim for accidental disability retirement benefits premised on "a permanent mental disability as a result of a mental stressor, without any physical impact." Following the "direct result" requirement in N.J.S.A. 43:16A-7(a)(1) and Richardson, the Court in Patterson held a claimant making a claim premised on "a permanent mental disability as a result of a mental stressor, without any physical impact" had to prove his disability "result[ed] from direct persona

2021In Patterson v. Board of Trustees, State Police Retirement System, 194 N.J. 29, 33 (2008), the Court determined the standard governing a claim for accidental disability retirement benefits premised on "a permanent mental disability as a result of a mental stressor, without any physical impact." Following the "direct result" requirement in N.J.S.A. 43:16A-7(a)(1) and Richardson, the Court in Patterson held a claimant making a claim premised on "a permanent mental disability as a result of a mental stressor, without any physical impact" had to prove his disability "result[ed] from direct persona

11
French v. Assurance Company of Americagreen
ca4 · 2006 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
1 sentence

2016Id. at 704, 706.

11
Westphal v. Guarinogreen
njsuperctappdiv · 1978 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1994–1994
2 sentences

1994See Westphal v. Guarino, 163 N.J.Super. 139, 145 , 394 A.2d 377 (App.Div.) (noting that exclusion of evidence is proper sanction for violation of Rule 4:17-7), af f'd o.b., 78 N.J. 308 , 394 A.2d 354 (1978).

1994See Westphal v. Guarino, 163 N.J.Super. 139, 145 , 394 A.2d 377 (App.Div.) (noting that exclusion of evidence is proper sanction for violation of Rule 4:17-7), af f'd o.b., 78 N.J. 308 , 394 A.2d 354 (1978).

11
White Motor Co. v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1963 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1980–1980
2 sentences

1980Id. 441 U.S. at 19-20 , 99 S.Ct. at 1562, 60 L.Ed.2d at 16 (citation omitted); see White Motor Co. v. United States, supra, 372 U.S. at 261-263 , 83 S.Ct. at 700-702 , 9 L.Ed.2d at 745-747 ; see also Northwest Power Products, Inc. v. Omark Industries, Inc., supra, 576 F.2d at 88 ; but see Catalano, Inc. v. Target Sales, Inc., 446 U.S. 643, 644-645 , 100 S.Ct. 1925, 1926 , 64 L.Ed.2d 580, 583 (1980); Nannes, “A Price-Fixing Surprise, Per Se: Implications of the Catalano Case,” 2(43) Nat’l L.J. 23 (1980).

1980Id. 441 U.S. at 19-20 , 99 S.Ct. at 1562, 60 L.Ed.2d at 16 (citation omitted); see White Motor Co. v. United States, supra, 372 U.S. at 261-263 , 83 S.Ct. at 700-702 , 9 L.Ed.2d at 745-747 ; see also Northwest Power Products, Inc. v. Omark Industries, Inc., supra, 576 F.2d at 88 ; but see Catalano, Inc. v. Target Sales, Inc., 446 U.S. 643, 644-645 , 100 S.Ct. 1925, 1926 , 64 L.Ed.2d 580, 583 (1980); Nannes, “A Price-Fixing Surprise, Per Se: Implications of the Catalano Case,” 2(43) Nat’l L.J. 23 (1980).

11
Broadcast Music, Inc. v. Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc.green
scotus · 1979 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1980–1980
2 sentences

1980Id. 441 U.S. at 19-20 , 99 S.Ct. at 1562, 60 L.Ed.2d at 16 (citation omitted); see White Motor Co. v. United States, supra, 372 U.S. at 261-263 , 83 S.Ct. at 700-702 , 9 L.Ed.2d at 745-747 ; see also Northwest Power Products, Inc. v. Omark Industries, Inc., supra, 576 F.2d at 88 ; but see Catalano, Inc. v. Target Sales, Inc., 446 U.S. 643, 644-645 , 100 S.Ct. 1925, 1926 , 64 L.Ed.2d 580, 583 (1980); Nannes, “A Price-Fixing Surprise, Per Se: Implications of the Catalano Case,” 2(43) Nat’l L.J. 23 (1980).

1980Id. 441 U.S. at 19-20 , 99 S.Ct. at 1562, 60 L.Ed.2d at 16 (citation omitted); see White Motor Co. v. United States, supra, 372 U.S. at 261-263 , 83 S.Ct. at 700-702 , 9 L.Ed.2d at 745-747 ; see also Northwest Power Products, Inc. v. Omark Industries, Inc., supra, 576 F.2d at 88 ; but see Catalano, Inc. v. Target Sales, Inc., 446 U.S. 643, 644-645 , 100 S.Ct. 1925, 1926 , 64 L.Ed.2d 580, 583 (1980); Nannes, “A Price-Fixing Surprise, Per Se: Implications of the Catalano Case,” 2(43) Nat’l L.J. 23 (1980).

11
Northwest Power Products, Inc. v. Omark Industries, Inc., Bob Wooten, and Bosco Fastening Service Center, Inc.green
ca5 · 1978 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1980–1980
2 sentences

1980Id. 441 U.S. at 19-20 , 99 S.Ct. at 1562, 60 L.Ed.2d at 16 (citation omitted); see White Motor Co. v. United States, supra, 372 U.S. at 261-263 , 83 S.Ct. at 700-702 , 9 L.Ed.2d at 745-747 ; see also Northwest Power Products, Inc. v. Omark Industries, Inc., supra, 576 F.2d at 88 ; but see Catalano, Inc. v. Target Sales, Inc., 446 U.S. 643, 644-645 , 100 S.Ct. 1925, 1926 , 64 L.Ed.2d 580, 583 (1980); Nannes, “A Price-Fixing Surprise, Per Se: Implications of the Catalano Case,” 2(43) Nat’l L.J. 23 (1980).

1980Id. 441 U.S. at 19-20 , 99 S.Ct. at 1562, 60 L.Ed. 2d at 16 (citation omitted); see White Motor Co. v. United States, supra, 372 U.S. at 261-263 , 83 S.Ct. at 700-702 , 9 L.Ed. 2d at 745-747 ; see also Northwest Power Products, Inc. v. Omark Industries, Inc., supra, 576 F. 2d at 88 ; but see Catalano, Inc. v. Target Sales, Inc., 446 U.S. 643, 644-645 , 100 S.Ct. 1925, 1926 , 64 L.Ed. 2d 580, 583 (1980); Nannes, "A Price-Fixing Surprise, Per Se: Implications of the Catalano Case," 2(43) Nat'l L.J. 23 (1980).

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (1)

CaseNegativeCited
Catalano, Inc. v. Target Sales, Inc.green
scotus · 1980 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1980–1980
2 sentences

1980Id. 441 U.S. at 19-20 , 99 S.Ct. at 1562, 60 L.Ed.2d at 16 (citation omitted); see White Motor Co. v. United States, supra, 372 U.S. at 261-263 , 83 S.Ct. at 700-702 , 9 L.Ed.2d at 745-747 ; see also Northwest Power Products, Inc. v. Omark Industries, Inc., supra, 576 F.2d at 88 ; but see Catalano, Inc. v. Target Sales, Inc., 446 U.S. 643, 644-645 , 100 S.Ct. 1925, 1926 , 64 L.Ed.2d 580, 583 (1980); Nannes, “A Price-Fixing Surprise, Per Se: Implications of the Catalano Case,” 2(43) Nat’l L.J. 23 (1980).

1980Id. 441 U.S. at 19-20 , 99 S.Ct. at 1562, 60 L.Ed.2d at 16 (citation omitted); see White Motor Co. v. United States, supra, 372 U.S. at 261-263 , 83 S.Ct. at 700-702 , 9 L.Ed.2d at 745-747 ; see also Northwest Power Products, Inc. v. Omark Industries, Inc., supra, 576 F.2d at 88 ; but see Catalano, Inc. v. Target Sales, Inc., 446 U.S. 643, 644-645 , 100 S.Ct. 1925, 1926 , 64 L.Ed.2d 580, 583 (1980); Nannes, “A Price-Fixing Surprise, Per Se: Implications of the Catalano Case,” 2(43) Nat’l L.J. 23 (1980).

11

Also cited on this issue (21)

CaseCitedYears
Auerbach v. Bennett green
ny · 1979
2 sentences

2002Id. at 623-24 , 419 N.Y.S. 2d 920 , 393 N.E. 2d 994 .

2002Id. at 623-24 , 419 N.Y.S. 2d 920 , 393 N.E. 2d 994 .

22002–2002
In Re a Resolution of the State Commission of Investigation green
nj · 1987
2 sentences

2001Ibid.

2001Ibid.

22001–2001
State v. Warren green
nj · 1989
1 sentence

2025First, the court determined defense counsel's representation at sentencing did not fall below an objective standard of reasonableness because, although counsel had a right to argue for a lesser sentence under State v. Warren, 115 N.J. 433 (1989), he was not obligated to do so.

12025–2025
Watkins v. Nelson green
nj · 2000
1 sentence

2021The court determined a hearing would be held A-0629-19 7 pursuant to Watkins v. Nelson, 163 N.J. 235 (2000), to determine if there was clear and convincing evidence that A.A.W. was unfit as a parent or that there were other exceptional circumstances, such as that the caretakers were the psychological parents of the children.

12021–2021
State v. Keaton green
nj · 2015
1 sentence

2019A motorist must be given a meaningful opportunity to produce ownership credentials, but if he is either unable or unwilling to do so, an officer may conduct a brief and targeted search of the area where the registration might normally be kept in the vehicle. [Id. at 238-39 (citing Keaton, 222 N.J. at 448 ).] The Court determined the exception continued to "rest[] on solid constitutional ground[,]" id. at 242, but held it did not apply where "a driver or passenger explains to an officer that he has lost or forgotten his registration, and the officer can readily determine that either is the lawf

12019–2019
Tevis v. Tevis green
nj · 1979
1 sentence

2018Id. at 433-34 .

12018–2018
United States v. Fagan green
ca1 · 2009
1 sentence

2017So long as the officers executing the warrant have an objectively reasonable basis, in light of the known characteristics of the location and the evidence at hand, for concluding that a structure is appurtenant to the premises specified in the search warrant, that structure may validly be searched under the purview of the warrant. [Id. at 13 (citation omitted).] The court noted case law provided "guideposts" for courts determining "[w]hether a searching officer reasonably could conclude that a specific structure is appurtenant to the premises specified in a particular search warrant." Id. at 1

12017–2017
State v. Dunbar green
nj · 1987
1 sentence

2017The Court determined that the standard for the imposition of an extended term under the standard that had been established in State v. Dunbar, 108 N.J. 80 (1987), was no longer constitutionally viable under the principles in Apprendi.

12017–2017
State v. Pierce green
nj · 2006
1 sentence

2017Pierce, supra, 188 N.J. at 168-69 .

12017–2017
Securities and Exchange Commission v. W. J. Howey Co. green
scotus · 1946
2 sentences

2009The Court determined that the test of an investment contract was “whether the scheme involves an investment of money in a common enterprise with profits to come solely from the efforts of others.” Id. at 301 , 66 S.Ct. at 1104 , 90 L.Ed. at 1251 .

2009The Court determined that the test of an investment contract was “whether the scheme involves an investment of money in a common enterprise with profits to come solely from the efforts of others.” Id. at 301 , 66 S.Ct. at 1104 , 90 L.Ed. at 1251 .

12009–2009
State v. Evers green
nj · 2003
2 sentences

2004Id. at 397 , 815 A. 2d 432 .

2004Id. at 397 , 815 A. 2d 432 .

12004–2004
State v. Olivio green
nj · 1991
2 sentences

1999On the merits of the claim, the court ruled that the evidence should be excluded for the following reasons: the passage of time made the evidence’s relevance suspect; the incidents in the past are not similar enough to the present incident because the past incidents involved friends and the present incident involves a stranger; and, admitting the evidence would distract the jury by “delving into the circumstances of those cases and trying to assess what [T.O.’s] mental capacity may have been at the time.” Ill The defendant was charged and convicted of sexual assault under N.J.S.A. 2C:14-2c(l)

1999On the merits of the claim, the court ruled that the evidence should be excluded for the following reasons: the passage of time made the evidence’s relevance suspect; the incidents in the past are not similar enough to the present incident because the past incidents involved friends and the present incident involves a stranger; and, admitting the evidence would distract the jury by “delving into the circumstances of those cases and trying to assess what [T.O.’s] mental capacity may have been at the time.” Ill The defendant was charged and convicted of sexual assault under N.J.S.A. 2C:14-2c(l)

11999–1999
Fregara v. Jet Aviation Business Jets green
njd · 1991
1 sentence

1996The court determined that his claim was barred because he failed to follow the detailed grievance procedure set forth in the handbook: "If the plaintiff seeks to rely on provisions in the employee handbook as the source of an implied contract of employment, then he must accept that agreement as a whole with its attendant responsibilities." Id. at 951 .

11996–1996
Westphal v. Guarino green
nj · 1978
2 sentences

1994See Westphal v. Guarino, 163 N.J.Super. 139, 145 , 394 A.2d 377 (App.Div.) (noting that exclusion of evidence is proper sanction for violation of Rule 4:17-7), af f'd o.b., 78 N.J. 308 , 394 A.2d 354 (1978).

1994See Westphal v. Guarino, 163 N.J.Super. 139, 145 , 394 A.2d 377 (App.Div.) (noting that exclusion of evidence is proper sanction for violation of Rule 4:17-7), af f'd o.b., 78 N.J. 308 , 394 A.2d 354 (1978).

11994–1994
Madsen v. Women's Health Center, Inc. green
scotus · 1994
2 sentences

1994Accordingly, the Court determined that the test to be applied in the evaluation of a content-neutral injunction should be “whether *219 the challenged provisions of the injunction burden no more speech than necessary to serve a significant government interest.” Id. at -, 114 S.Ct. at 2525, 129 L.Ed.2d at 608 .

1994Accordingly, the Court determined that the test to be applied in the evaluation of a content-neutral injunction should be “whether *219 the challenged provisions of the injunction burden no more speech than necessary to serve a significant government interest.” Id. at -, 114 S.Ct. at 2525, 129 L.Ed.2d at 608 .

11994–1994
Crawn v. Campo green
njsuperctappdiv · 1993
2 sentences

1994The court determined that those factors had resulted “in a manifest denial of justice.” The Appellate Division, finding support in the record for trial court’s deter *511 mination, upheld it decision to grant a new trial. 266 N.J.Super. at 601 , 630 A.2d 368 .

1994The court determined that those factors had resulted “in a manifest denial of justice.” The Appellate Division, finding support in the record for trial court’s deter *511 mination, upheld it decision to grant a new trial. 266 N.J.Super. at 601 , 630 A.2d 368 .

11994–1994
United States v. Pond green
usafctmilrev · 1993
2 sentences

1993However, the court determined that the test was not valid under the implied consent statute because the police officer did not provide Pond with any of the “advice the statute required concerning the consequences of refusing to consent.” Id. at 1057 .

1993However, the court determined that the test was not valid under the implied consent statute because the police officer did not provide Pond with any of the "advice the statute required concerning the consequences of refusing to consent." Id. at 1057 .

11993–1993
State v. Pitts green
nj · 1989
2 sentences

1993The Court determined that the defense expert's testimony had failed to link the defendant's symptoms, which consisted of rage and loss of control, with the diagnosis of a personality disorder. 116 N.J. at 609 , 562 A. 2d 1320 .

1993The Court determined that the defense expert's testimony had failed to link the defendant's symptoms, which consisted of rage and loss of control, with the diagnosis of a personality disorder. 116 N.J. at 609 , 562 A. 2d 1320 .

11993–1993
Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. v. Bruch green
scotus · 1989
2 sentences

1992Looking to "established principles of trust law," the Court determined that this standard of review was appropriate when, as here, "the benefit plan gives the administrator or fiduciary discretionary authority to determine eligibility for benefits or to *666 construe the terms of the plan." 489 U.S. at 115 , 109 S.Ct. at 956 , 103 L.Ed. 2d at 95 .

1992Looking to "established principles of trust law," the Court determined that this standard of review was appropriate when, as here, "the benefit plan gives the administrator or fiduciary discretionary authority to determine eligibility for benefits or to *666 construe the terms of the plan." 489 U.S. at 115 , 109 S.Ct. at 956 , 103 L.Ed. 2d at 95 .

11992–1992
Spring Motors Distributors, Inc. v. Ford Motor Co. green
nj · 1985
1 sentence

1987There the Court determined that a claim by a commercial purchaser for economic losses resulting from the purchase of defective goods is limited by the remedies afforded under the Uniform Commercial Code, id. at 561 , and that such economic expectations that are protected by the U.C.C. are not entitled to supplemental protection by negligence principles....

11987–1987
United States v. Topco Associates, Inc. green
scotus · 1972
2 sentences

1980Id. 441 U.S. at 19-20 , 99 S.Ct. at 1562, 60 L.Ed.2d at 16 (citation omitted); see White Motor Co. v. United States, supra, 372 U.S. at 261-263 , 83 S.Ct. at 700-702 , 9 L.Ed.2d at 745-747 ; see also Northwest Power Products, Inc. v. Omark Industries, Inc., supra, 576 F.2d at 88 ; but see Catalano, Inc. v. Target Sales, Inc., 446 U.S. 643, 644-645 , 100 S.Ct. 1925, 1926 , 64 L.Ed.2d 580, 583 (1980); Nannes, “A Price-Fixing Surprise, Per Se: Implications of the Catalano Case,” 2(43) Nat’l L.J. 23 (1980).

1980Id. 441 U.S. at 19-20 , 99 S.Ct. at 1562, 60 L.Ed. 2d at 16 (citation omitted); see White Motor Co. v. United States, supra, 372 U.S. at 261-263 , 83 S.Ct. at 700-702 , 9 L.Ed. 2d at 745-747 ; see also Northwest Power Products, Inc. v. Omark Industries, Inc., supra, 576 F. 2d at 88 ; but see Catalano, Inc. v. Target Sales, Inc., 446 U.S. 643, 644-645 , 100 S.Ct. 1925, 1926 , 64 L.Ed. 2d 580, 583 (1980); Nannes, "A Price-Fixing Surprise, Per Se: Implications of the Catalano Case," 2(43) Nat'l L.J. 23 (1980).

11980–1980

Statutes the citing opinions construe

NJ § N.J. Stat. § 2C:24-4 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

IL 79 (1973–2026) TX 69 (1970–2025) CA 62 (1953–2025) PA 44 (1909–2024) FL 43 (1978–2025) WA 34 (1966–2025) OH 29 (1943–2025) NY 28 (1981–2023) NJ 25 (1980–2025) IN 25 (1945–2019) MD 23 (1994–2024) MS 23 (1994–2026) MI 21 (1981–2026) TN 19 (1993–2022) CT 16 (1986–2019) MO 15 (1990–2024) WI 14 (1974–2024) KS 13 (1934–2020) UT 13 (1984–2022) OR 12 (2007–2022) LA 12 (1977–2018) IA 12 (1988–2019) NM 10 (1998–2013) AZ 10 (1977–2025) AL 9 (1991–2024) NC 9 (1987–2020) NE 8 (1999–2023) GA 8 (1996–2024) OK 8 (1986–2016) WY 7 (1979–2021) MN 7 (1993–2016) MT 7 (1989–2021) ID 6 (1990–2015) CO 6 (1992–2001) HI 5 (2002–2012) RI 5 (1981–2020) VA 5 (2000–2013) KY 4 (2008–2019) SD 4 (1986–2004) DE 4 (1974–2025) SC 4 (1993–2021) MA 3 (2002–2010) WV 3 (1979–2018) NV 3 (1982–2016) ND 2 (1965–2025) AR 2 (2001–2004) DC 2 (1982–1985) AK 2 (1980–1985)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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