formulation rule (New Jersey) · Go Syfert
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formulation rule in New Jersey

19 New Jersey opinions name it 3 courts 1977–2025 2 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by New Jersey courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (8)

CaseFollowedCited
State v. Dorngreen
nj · 2018 · cited in 5 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2020–2025
2 sentences

2025However, the court may not amend "[a]n error relating to the substance or 'essence' of an offense . . . by operation of that [Rule]." State v. Dorn, 233 N.J. 81, 94 (2018). "[T]he analysis as to whether an indictment was sufficient and whether an amendment under Rule 3:7-4 was appropriate hinges upon whether the defendant was provided with adequate notice of the charges and whether an amendment would prejudice [the] defendant in the formulation of a defense." Id. at 96 .

2025However, the court may not amend "[a]n error relating to the substance or 'essence' of an offense . . . by operation of that [Rule]." State v. Dorn, 233 N.J. 81, 94 (2018). "[T]he analysis as to whether an indictment was sufficient and whether an amendment under Rule 3:7-4 was appropriate hinges upon whether the defendant was provided with adequate notice of the charges and whether an amendment would prejudice [the] defendant in the formulation of a defense." Id. at 96 .

35
State v. LeFurgegreen
nj · 1986 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
2 sentences

2018See LeFurge , 101 N.J. at 415 , 502 A.2d 35 ; Middleton , 299 N.J.

2018See LeFurge , 101 N.J. at 415 , 502 A.2d 35 ; Middleton , 299 N.J.

11
In Re Supreme Court Advisory Committee on Professional Ethics Opinion No. 697green
nj · 2006 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2009–2009
1 sentence

2009We hold that, as so restricted, “membership” in the “municipal family” establishes a per se “substantial risk that the lawyer’s responsibilities to the public entity would limit the lawyer’s ability to provide independent advice or diligent and competent representation to either the public entity or the client” and, therefore, a per se proscribed conflict of interest. [Id. at 566, 911 A.2d 51 (emphasis supplied).] Thus, the best formulation of the test remains that prescribed in Reardon, supra. Its application was best described by Justice Clifford, despite the court’s explicit disavowal of th

11
Maynard v. Board of Trustees of the Teachers' Pension & Annuity Fundgreen
nj · 1988 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007See, e.g., Maynard, supra, 113 N.J. at 177-79 , 549 A.2d 1213 (Stein, J., concurring and O’Hern, J., dissenting); Ciecwisz v. Bd. of Trs., Police and Firemen’s Ret.

2007See, e.g., Maynard, supra, 113 N.J. at 177-79 , 549 A.2d 1213 (Stein, J., concurring and O’Hern, J., dissenting); Ciecwisz v. Bd. of Trs., Police and Firemen’s Ret.

11
North American Oil Consolidated v. Burnetgreen
scotus · 1932 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1992–1992
2 sentences

1992In 1932, in North American Oil Consolidated v. Burnet, 286 U.S. 417 , 52 S.Ct. 613 , 76 L.Ed. 1197 (1932), Justice Brandéis set forth the classic formulation of this doctrine as follows: If a taxpayer receives earnings under a claim of right and without restriction as to its disposition, he has received income which he is required to [report on his tax] return, even though it may still be claimed that he is not entitled to retain the money, and even though he may still be adjudged liable to restore its equivalent. [ 286 U.S. at 424 , 52 S.Ct. at 615 , 76 L.Ed. at 1200-01 (citations omitted).]

1992In 1932, in North American Oil Consolidated v. Burnet, 286 U.S. 417 , 52 S.Ct. 613 , 76 L.Ed. 1197 (1932), Justice Brandéis set forth the classic formulation of this doctrine as follows: If a taxpayer receives earnings under a claim of right and without restriction as to its disposition, he has received income which he is required to [report on his tax] return, even though it may still be claimed that he is not entitled to retain the money, and even though he may still be adjudged liable to restore its equivalent. [ 286 U.S. at 424 , 52 S.Ct. at 615 , 76 L.Ed. at 1200-01 (citations omitted).]

11
Berko v. Fredagreen
nj · 1983 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1992–1992
2 sentences

1992See, e.g., Berko v. Freda, 93 N.J. 81, 85 , 459 A. 2d 663 (1983) ("Case law draws a distinction between injuries stemming from the negligence that brought the firefighters or police to the scene in the first place and injuries suffered from independent causes that may follow."); Krauth v. Geller, supra, 31 N.J. at 273 , 157 A. 2d 129 ("It is quite generally agreed the owner or occupier is not liable to a paid fireman for negligence with respect to the creation of a fire"); Cella v. Interstate Properties, 232 N.J.

1992See, e.g., Berko v. Freda, 93 N.J. 81, 85 , 459 A. 2d 663 (1983) ("Case law draws a distinction between injuries stemming from the negligence that brought the firefighters or police to the scene in the first place and injuries suffered from independent causes that may follow."); Krauth v. Geller, supra, 31 N.J. at 273 , 157 A. 2d 129 ("It is quite generally agreed the owner or occupier is not liable to a paid fireman for negligence with respect to the creation of a fire"); Cella v. Interstate Properties, 232 N.J.

11
Olesak v. Central Mut. Ins. Co.green
njsuperctappdiv · 1987 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1988–1988
1 sentence

1988Co., 215 N.J.

11
Gullo v. American Lead Pencil Co.green
nj · 1938 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1977–1977
1 sentence

1977But if "[t]here must come a time when the employee is on his own" during trips to and from work, Gullo v. American Lead Pencil Co., 119 N.J.L. 484, 486 (E. & A. 1937), and thus not be covered, we think it should be limited to travel which has no special circumstances suggesting particular benefits to the employer.

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in New Jersey. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (21)

CaseCitedYears
Dewey v. R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. green
nj · 1988
2 sentences

2010Reynolds Tobacco Co., 109 N.J. 201, 212 , 536 A.2d 243 (1988), the Tax Court nonetheless concluded that “the best formulation of the test remains that prescribed in Reardon[.]” City of Atlantic City, supra, 25 N.J.

2010Reynolds Tobacco Co., 109 N.J. 201, 212 , 536 A.2d 243 (1988), the Tax Court nonetheless concluded that “the best formulation of the test remains that prescribed in Reardon[.]” City of Atlantic City, supra, 25 N.J.

22009–2010
State v. Sugar green
nj · 1985
2 sentences

2019The court followed the formulation of that doctrine adopted for use in New Jersey in State v. Sugar, 100 N.J. 214 (1985) (Sugar II).

2019The court followed the formulation of that doctrine adopted for use in this State in State v. Sugar, 100 N.J. 214 (1985) (Sugar II), which has a three-pronged test that the State must satisfy by clear and convincing evidence.

12019–2019
State v. Middleton green
njsuperctappdiv · 1997
1 sentence

2018See LeFurge , 101 N.J. at 415 , 502 A.2d 35 ; Middleton , 299 N.J.

12018–2018
Ruiz v. Mero green
nj · 2007
2 sentences

2012Although the original formulation of the rule was limited to bar recovery only for the negligence that was the source of the emergency requiring response, eventually the rule was expanded to “any tangential negligent act ‘posing a hazard that is incidental to and inherent in the performance of the officer’s duties.’ ” Id. at 532 , 917 A.2d 239 (quoting Rosa v. Dunkin’ Donuts, 122 N.J. 66, 76 , 583 A.2d 1129 (1991)).

2012Although the original formulation of the rule was limited to bar recovery only for the negligence that was the source of the emergency requiring response, eventually the rule was expanded to “any tangential negligent act ‘posing a hazard that is incidental to and inherent in the performance of the officer’s duties.’ ” Id. at 532 , 917 A.2d 239 (quoting Rosa v. Dunkin’ Donuts, 122 N.J. 66, 76 , 583 A.2d 1129 (1991)).

12012–2012
Rosa v. Dunkin' Donuts of Passaic green
nj · 1991
2 sentences

2012Although the original formulation of the rule was limited to bar recovery only for the negligence that was the source of the emergency requiring response, eventually the rule was expanded to “any tangential negligent act ‘posing a hazard that is incidental to and inherent in the performance of the officer’s duties.’ ” Id. at 532 , 917 A.2d 239 (quoting Rosa v. Dunkin’ Donuts, 122 N.J. 66, 76 , 583 A.2d 1129 (1991)).

2012Although the original formulation of the rule was limited to bar recovery only for the negligence that was the source of the emergency requiring response, eventually the rule was expanded to “any tangential negligent act ‘posing a hazard that is incidental to and inherent in the performance of the officer’s duties.’ ” Id. at 532 , 917 A.2d 239 (quoting Rosa v. Dunkin’ Donuts, 122 N.J. 66, 76 , 583 A.2d 1129 (1991)).

12012–2012
State v. Brown green
njsuperctappdiv · 2007
2 sentences

2009The rule of collateral estoppel directs that once an issue of ultimate fact has been litigated and determined by a valid and final judgment, the issue cannot again be relitigated in a subsequent proceeding between the same parties. [ State v. Yormark, 117 N.J.Super. 315, 333 , 284 A. 2d 549 (App.Div.1971), certif. denied, 60 N.J. 138 , 286 A. 2d 511 , cert. denied, Perwin v. N.J., 409 U.S. 862 , 93 S.Ct. 151 , 34 L.Ed. 2d 109 (1972).] We have recently summarized the current formulation of the principle of collateral estoppel. [I]n order for collateral estoppel to foreclose re-litigation of an

2009The rule of collateral estoppel directs that once an issue of ultimate fact has been litigated and determined by a valid and final judgment, the issue cannot again be relitigated in a subsequent proceeding between the same parties. [ State v. Yormark, 117 N.J.Super. 315, 333 , 284 A. 2d 549 (App.Div.1971), certif. denied, 60 N.J. 138 , 286 A. 2d 511 , cert. denied, Perwin v. N.J., 409 U.S. 862 , 93 S.Ct. 151 , 34 L.Ed. 2d 109 (1972).] We have recently summarized the current formulation of the principle of collateral estoppel. [I]n order for collateral estoppel to foreclose re-litigation of an

12009–2009
State v. Yormark green
njsuperctappdiv · 1971
2 sentences

2009The rule of collateral estoppel directs that once an issue of ultimate fact has been litigated and determined by a valid and final judgment, the issue cannot again be relitigated in a subsequent proceeding between the same parties. [ State v. Yormark, 117 N.J.Super. 315, 333 , 284 A. 2d 549 (App.Div.1971), certif. denied, 60 N.J. 138 , 286 A. 2d 511 , cert. denied, Perwin v. N.J., 409 U.S. 862 , 93 S.Ct. 151 , 34 L.Ed. 2d 109 (1972).] We have recently summarized the current formulation of the principle of collateral estoppel. [I]n order for collateral estoppel to foreclose re-litigation of an

2009The rule of collateral estoppel directs that once an issue of ultimate fact has been litigated and determined by a valid and final judgment, the issue cannot again be relitigated in a subsequent proceeding between the same parties. [ State v. Yormark, 117 N.J.Super. 315, 333 , 284 A. 2d 549 (App.Div.1971), certif. denied, 60 N.J. 138 , 286 A. 2d 511 , cert. denied, Perwin v. N.J., 409 U.S. 862 , 93 S.Ct. 151 , 34 L.Ed. 2d 109 (1972).] We have recently summarized the current formulation of the principle of collateral estoppel. [I]n order for collateral estoppel to foreclose re-litigation of an

12009–2009
Brown v. Wisconsin State Department of Public Welfare green
scotus · 1972
1 sentence

2009The rule of collateral estoppel directs that once an issue of ultimate fact has been litigated and determined by a valid and final judgment, the issue cannot again be relitigated in a subsequent proceeding between the same parties. [ State v. Yormark, 117 N.J.Super. 315, 333 , 284 A. 2d 549 (App.Div.1971), certif. denied, 60 N.J. 138 , 286 A. 2d 511 , cert. denied, Perwin v. N.J., 409 U.S. 862 , 93 S.Ct. 151 , 34 L.Ed. 2d 109 (1972).] We have recently summarized the current formulation of the principle of collateral estoppel. [I]n order for collateral estoppel to foreclose re-litigation of an

12009–2009
Carter v. Roberts neutral
scotus · 1972
1 sentence

2009The rule of collateral estoppel directs that once an issue of ultimate fact has been litigated and determined by a valid and final judgment, the issue cannot again be relitigated in a subsequent proceeding between the same parties. [ State v. Yormark, 117 N.J.Super. 315, 333 , 284 A. 2d 549 (App.Div.1971), certif. denied, 60 N.J. 138 , 286 A. 2d 511 , cert. denied, Perwin v. N.J., 409 U.S. 862 , 93 S.Ct. 151 , 34 L.Ed. 2d 109 (1972).] We have recently summarized the current formulation of the principle of collateral estoppel. [I]n order for collateral estoppel to foreclose re-litigation of an

12009–2009
State v. Yormark neutral
nj · 1972
2 sentences

2009The rule of collateral estoppel directs that once an issue of ultimate fact has been litigated and determined by a valid and final judgment, the issue cannot again be relitigated in a subsequent proceeding between the same parties. [ State v. Yormark, 117 N.J.Super. 315, 333 , 284 A. 2d 549 (App.Div.1971), certif. denied, 60 N.J. 138 , 286 A. 2d 511 , cert. denied, Perwin v. N.J., 409 U.S. 862 , 93 S.Ct. 151 , 34 L.Ed. 2d 109 (1972).] We have recently summarized the current formulation of the principle of collateral estoppel. [I]n order for collateral estoppel to foreclose re-litigation of an

2009The rule of collateral estoppel directs that once an issue of ultimate fact has been litigated and determined by a valid and final judgment, the issue cannot again be relitigated in a subsequent proceeding between the same parties. [ State v. Yormark, 117 N.J.Super. 315, 333 , 284 A. 2d 549 (App.Div.1971), certif. denied, 60 N.J. 138 , 286 A. 2d 511 , cert. denied, Perwin v. N.J., 409 U.S. 862 , 93 S.Ct. 151 , 34 L.Ed. 2d 109 (1972).] We have recently summarized the current formulation of the principle of collateral estoppel. [I]n order for collateral estoppel to foreclose re-litigation of an

12009–2009
Deerhurst Estates v. Meadow Homes, Inc. green
nj · 1961
1 sentence

2003That subsection defines “compensable occupational disease[s]” as those diseases established by a preponderance of the credible evidence to have arisen “out of and in the course of employment, which are due in a material degree to causes and conditions which are or were characteristic of or peculiar to a particular trade, occupation, process or place of employment.” Ibid. (emphasis added).

12003–2003
East Cape May Associates v. State green
njsuperctappdiv · 1997
2 sentences

2001In East Cape May I, we examined the federal and state case law addressing the denominator issue, and developed the following list of ten, nonexclusive factual questions that "may affect the formulation of the rule for the definition of the `property.' " Id. at 353-54 , 693 A. 2d 114 .

2001In East Cape May I, we examined the federal and state case law addressing the denominator issue, and developed the following list of ten, nonexclusive factual questions that "may affect the formulation of the rule for the definition of the `property.' " Id. at 353-54 , 693 A. 2d 114 .

12001–2001
Karam v. State green
njsuperctappdiv · 1998
2 sentences

2001Protection, 308 N.J.Super. 225, 238-39 , 705 A. 2d 1221 (App.Div.), aff'd o.b., 157 N.J. 187 , 723 A. 2d 943 (1999), cert. denied, 528 U.S. 814 , 120 S.Ct. 51 , 145 L.Ed. 2d 45 (1999), we observed that the questions posed by East Cape May I, pertained to the history of the ownership and development of the property.

2001Protection, 308 N.J.Super. 225, 238-39 , 705 A. 2d 1221 (App.Div.), aff'd o.b., 157 N.J. 187 , 723 A. 2d 943 (1999), cert. denied, 528 U.S. 814 , 120 S.Ct. 51 , 145 L.Ed. 2d 45 (1999), we observed that the questions posed by East Cape May I, pertained to the history of the ownership and development of the property.

12001–2001
Karam v. STATE, DEPT. OF ENVIR. PROTECTION green
nj · 1999
2 sentences

2001Protection, 308 N.J.Super. 225, 238-39 , 705 A. 2d 1221 (App.Div.), aff'd o.b., 157 N.J. 187 , 723 A. 2d 943 (1999), cert. denied, 528 U.S. 814 , 120 S.Ct. 51 , 145 L.Ed. 2d 45 (1999), we observed that the questions posed by East Cape May I, pertained to the history of the ownership and development of the property.

2001Protection, 308 N.J.Super. 225, 238-39 , 705 A. 2d 1221 (App.Div.), aff'd o.b., 157 N.J. 187 , 723 A. 2d 943 (1999), cert. denied, 528 U.S. 814 , 120 S.Ct. 51 , 145 L.Ed. 2d 45 (1999), we observed that the questions posed by East Cape May I, pertained to the history of the ownership and development of the property.

12001–2001
United States v. Virginia green
scotus · 1996
2 sentences

2001In his concurring opinion in that case, Chief Justice Rehnquist lamented the majority's confusing use of the "exceedingly persuasive" phrase, and he offered his clarification that the "phrase is best confined, as it was first used, as an observation on the difficulty of meeting the applicable test, not as a formulation of the test itself." Id. at 559 , 116 S.Ct. 2264 , (Rehnquist, C.J., concurring).

2001In his concurring opinion in that case, Chief Justice Rehnquist lamented the majority's confusing use of the "exceedingly persuasive" phrase, and he offered his clarification that the "phrase is best confined, as it was first used, as an observation on the difficulty of meeting the applicable test, not as a formulation of the test itself." Id. at 559 , 116 S.Ct. 2264 , (Rehnquist, C.J., concurring).

12001–2001
United States v. Morrison green
scotus · 2000
2 sentences

2001Furthermore, in Morrison, supra, 529 U.S. at 620 , 120 S.Ct. 1740 , the Court reaffirmed the traditional test for assessing gender-based classification.

2001Furthermore, in Morrison, supra, 529 U.S. at 620 , 120 S.Ct. 1740 , the Court reaffirmed the traditional test for assessing gender-based classification.

12001–2001
McClain v. Scharrer green
scotus · 1999
1 sentence

2001Protection, 308 N.J.Super. 225, 238-39 , 705 A. 2d 1221 (App.Div.), aff'd o.b., 157 N.J. 187 , 723 A. 2d 943 (1999), cert. denied, 528 U.S. 814 , 120 S.Ct. 51 , 145 L.Ed. 2d 45 (1999), we observed that the questions posed by East Cape May I, pertained to the history of the ownership and development of the property.

12001–2001
Everett v. US Airways Group, Inc. green
scotus · 1999
2 sentences

2001Protection, 308 N.J.Super. 225, 238-39 , 705 A. 2d 1221 (App.Div.), aff'd o.b., 157 N.J. 187 , 723 A. 2d 943 (1999), cert. denied, 528 U.S. 814 , 120 S.Ct. 51 , 145 L.Ed. 2d 45 (1999), we observed that the questions posed by East Cape May I, pertained to the history of the ownership and development of the property.

2001Protection, 308 N.J.Super. 225, 238-39 , 705 A. 2d 1221 (App.Div.), aff'd o.b., 157 N.J. 187 , 723 A. 2d 943 (1999), cert. denied, 528 U.S. 814 , 120 S.Ct. 51 , 145 L.Ed. 2d 45 (1999), we observed that the questions posed by East Cape May I, pertained to the history of the ownership and development of the property.

12001–2001
Cella v. Interstate Properties green
njsuperctappdiv · 1989
1 sentence

1992See, e.g., Berko v. Freda, 93 N.J. 81, 85 , 459 A. 2d 663 (1983) ("Case law draws a distinction between injuries stemming from the negligence that brought the firefighters or police to the scene in the first place and injuries suffered from independent causes that may follow."); Krauth v. Geller, supra, 31 N.J. at 273 , 157 A. 2d 129 ("It is quite generally agreed the owner or occupier is not liable to a paid fireman for negligence with respect to the creation of a fire"); Cella v. Interstate Properties, 232 N.J.

11992–1992
Krauth v. Israel Geller and Buckingham Homes, Inc. green
nj · 1960
2 sentences

1992See, e.g., Berko v. Freda, 93 N.J. 81, 85 , 459 A. 2d 663 (1983) ("Case law draws a distinction between injuries stemming from the negligence that brought the firefighters or police to the scene in the first place and injuries suffered from independent causes that may follow."); Krauth v. Geller, supra, 31 N.J. at 273 , 157 A. 2d 129 ("It is quite generally agreed the owner or occupier is not liable to a paid fireman for negligence with respect to the creation of a fire"); Cella v. Interstate Properties, 232 N.J.

1992See, e.g., Berko v. Freda, 93 N.J. 81, 85 , 459 A. 2d 663 (1983) ("Case law draws a distinction between injuries stemming from the negligence that brought the firefighters or police to the scene in the first place and injuries suffered from independent causes that may follow."); Krauth v. Geller, supra, 31 N.J. at 273 , 157 A. 2d 129 ("It is quite generally agreed the owner or occupier is not liable to a paid fireman for negligence with respect to the creation of a fire"); Cella v. Interstate Properties, 232 N.J.

11992–1992
Ricciardi v. Aniero Concrete Co. green
nj · 1973
1 sentence

1977This formulation of the rule concededly owes as much to administrative convenience and judicial manageability as to logic or policy. [2] Cf. Ricciardi v. Aniero Concrete Co., 64 N.J. 60 , 63 (1973).

11977–1977

Statutes the citing opinions construe

NJ § N.J. Stat. § 2C:43-7.2 (4) NJ § N.J. Stat. § 2C:15-1 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 121 (1945–2026) NY 31 (1896–2024) PA 22 (1960–2024) NJ 19 (1977–2025) TX 17 (1957–2025) OR 15 (1972–2025) WI 14 (1963–2008) UT 13 (1979–2025) MA 13 (1975–2024) IL 13 (1897–2023) MI 12 (1977–2025) CT 11 (1974–2024) DE 10 (1988–2024) WA 10 (1981–2014) CO 10 (1975–2023) MD 10 (1975–2018) IN 8 (1969–2008) ME 8 (1973–2023) ID 7 (1988–2025) MN 7 (1974–2024) AZ 6 (1965–2004) HI 6 (1975–2021) AK 6 (1980–2022) ND 6 (1982–2016) FL 6 (1980–2007) NC 5 (1978–2019) DC 5 (1980–2022) WV 5 (1977–1997) TN 5 (1914–2010) MO 4 (1922–1994) IA 4 (1983–2026) NM 4 (1975–2015) AL 4 (1932–2004) KY 3 (1979–2010) KS 3 (1980–2022) SC 3 (1961–1996) AR 3 (1986–2006) VA 2 (2007–2019) OH 2 (1982–1982) MS 2 (1981–1986) SD 2 (1948–2022)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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