99 California opinions name it 2 courts 1941–2026 40 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by California courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
Artiglio v. Corning Inc.green2 sentences2003Sills, P. J., and O'Leary, J., concurred. 1 "The published text of section 324A uses ‘protect’ rather than ‘perform.’ Such was apparently a typographical error. [Citations.]” (Artiglio v. Corning Inc., supra, 18 Cal.4th 604, 613, fn. 4 .) 2002For ease of reference, we will refer to Contreras and Con Pro Serve collectively as "landlord" or "defendants." [2] We state the evidence supplied by appellant in accord with the summary judgment standard of review, which standard we discuss post. [3] The published text of section 324A uses the term "protect" rather than "perform." The California Supreme Court has observed that the published text apparently reflects a typographical error. ( Artiglio v. Corning Inc. (1998) 18 Cal.4th 604, 613, fn. 4 , 76 Cal. Rptr.2d 479 , 957 P.2d 1313 .) [4] The negligence, if any, of plaintiff's parents may | 3 | 3 |
People v. Mitchellgreen2 sentences2025(See People v. Mitchell (2001) 26 Cal.4th 181, 185 [“ ‘It is not open to question that a court has the inherent power to correct clerical errors in its records so as to make these records reflect the true facts.’ ”].) Nor has Eric demonstrated he was prejudiced by the typographical error on the special verdict form or the correction of the error. 2014(People v. Mitchell (2001) 26 Cal.4th 181, 185-186 [“An abstract of judgment is not the judgment of conviction; it does not control if different from the trial court’s oral judgment and may not add to or modify the judgment it purports to digest or summarize.”].) The typographical error in the abstract of judgment must be modified to correctly reflect the court’s pronouncement of sentence. | 2 | 2 |
Luz v. Lopesgreen2 sentences2022(See Cal. Rules of Court, rule 8.104(a)(2); Luz v. Lopes (1960) 55 Cal.2d 54, 59 [“notices of appeal are to be liberally construed so as to protect the right of appeal if it is reasonably clear what appellant was trying to appeal from, and where the respondent could not possibly have been misled or prejudiced”].) Finally, because Cruz’s February 5, 2021 notice of appeal was filed less than 60 days after the trial court entered the December 14, 2020 decision, Cruz’s 14 III. 1968(Vibert v. Berger (1966) 64 Cal.2d 65 [ 48 Cal.Rptr. 886 , 410 P.2d 390 ]; Luz v. Lopes (1960) 55 Cal.2d 54, 59-60 [ 10 Cal.Rptr. 161 , 358 P.2d 289 ]; Thompson v. Keckler (1964) 228 Cal.App.2d 199, 209-211 [ 39 Cal.Rptr. 267 ]; Libby v. Conway (1961) 192 Cal.App.2d 865, 867-868 [ 13 Cal.Rptr. 830 ].) 9 On January 6, 1966 when the notice in this ease was filed, rule 1 (a), Buies on Appeal, read in pertinent part •.“... | 2 | 2 |
Zavala v. BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF LELAND STANFORDgreen2 sentences1994(Zavala v. Board of Trustees (1993) 16 Cal.App.4th 1755, 1760-1761 [ 20 Cal.Rptr.2d 768 ].) In this case William’s attorney represented to the court that William would swear under penalty of perjury to the information on the income and expense declaration, except that a typographical error had been made with respect to his income. 1994(Zavala v. Board of Trustees (1993) 16 Cal.App.4th 1755, 1760-1761 [ 20 Cal.Rptr.2d 768 ].) In this case William’s attorney represented to the court that William would swear under penalty of perjury to the information on the income and expense declaration, except that a typographical error had been made with respect to his income. | 2 | 2 |
People v. Hartsellgreen2 sentences1981Hammond Co. (1924) 67 Cal. App. 420, 423 [ 277 P. 938 ].) [4] *898 Respondent insists that the "Correction to Intended Decision" filed on November 6, 1980, reveals that the trial court did not intend its "Decision" to be a final judgment, noting that, in addition to correcting a typographical error, the document requested the executor to prepare "findings and form of Judgment...." However, the amendment merely corrected a clerical error, an action which the court was at liberty to take even if the earlier decision were deemed a final judgment. ( People v. Hartsell (1973) 34 Cal. App.3d 8, 13 [ 1981Hammond Co. (1924) 67 Cal. App. 420, 423 [ 277 P. 938 ].) [4] *898 Respondent insists that the "Correction to Intended Decision" filed on November 6, 1980, reveals that the trial court did not intend its "Decision" to be a final judgment, noting that, in addition to correcting a typographical error, the document requested the executor to prepare "findings and form of Judgment...." However, the amendment merely corrected a clerical error, an action which the court was at liberty to take even if the earlier decision were deemed a final judgment. ( People v. Hartsell (1973) 34 Cal. App.3d 8, 13 [ | 2 | 2 |
Gulf Mail Steamship Co. v. W. A. Hammond Steamship Co.green2 sentences1981Hammond Co. (1924) 67 Cal. App. 420, 423 [ 277 P. 938 ].) [4] *898 Respondent insists that the "Correction to Intended Decision" filed on November 6, 1980, reveals that the trial court did not intend its "Decision" to be a final judgment, noting that, in addition to correcting a typographical error, the document requested the executor to prepare "findings and form of Judgment...." However, the amendment merely corrected a clerical error, an action which the court was at liberty to take even if the earlier decision were deemed a final judgment. ( People v. Hartsell (1973) 34 Cal. App.3d 8, 13 [ 1981A. Hammond Co. (1924) 67 Cal.App. 420, 423 [ 277 P. 938 ].) 4 Respondent insists that the “Correction to Intended Decision” filed on November 6, 1980, reveals that the trial court did not intend its “Decision” to be a final judgment, noting that, in addition to correcting a typographical error, the document requested the executor to prepare “findings and form of Judgment... . ” However, the amendment merely corrected a clerical error, an action which the court was at liberty to take even if the earlier decision were deemed a final judgment. | 2 | 2 |
Taylor v. Nabors Drilling USA, LPgreen2 sentences2026(Taylor, supra, 222 Cal.App.4th at p. 1240 .) The court evaluated the evidence in the record and the jury’s other findings and concluded that, in the absence of the typographical error, the jury would have answered “yes” to both questions. 2020(See Taylor v. Nabors Drilling USA, LP (2014) 222 Cal.App.4th 1228, 1242-1243 [verdict form contained a typographical error causing jury to skip two questions. | 1 | 2 |
Teselle v. McLoughlingreen1 sentence2025(See id. at p. 869 [elements of accounting cause of action including that some balance is due plaintiff]; Teselle v. McLoughlin (2009) 173 Cal.App.4th 156, 179 [same]; see also Baxter v. Krieger (1958) 157 Cal.App.2d 730, 731-732 [plaintiff is not entitled to an accounting where no amounts were found to be due from the defendant to the plaintiff].) In their reply brief, plaintiffs argue that defendant’s “assertion that no cause of action for accounting can be supported due to a play on words or a typographical error in the First Amended Complaint is a non-issue. [Citation.] That is a quite sim | 1 | 1 |
Westside Center Associates v. Safeway Stores 23, Inc.green1 sentence2025(Westside Center Associates v. Safeway Stores 23, Inc. (1996) 42 Cal.App.4th 507, 529 [a party “effectively concedes” an issue by failing to address it in briefing]; People v. Bouzas (1991) 53 Cal.3d 467, 480 [an argument is conceded by failure to address it on appeal].) Instead, the only claim of error raised on appeal is the typographical error in identifying Geronimo as a maternal relative rather than a paternal relative. | 1 | 1 |
HUSCHER v. Wells Fargo Bankgreen1 sentence2025(Huscher v. Wells Fargo Bank (2004) 121 Cal.App.4th 956, 972 (Huscher).) “If the language of the instrument clearly sets forth the intent, the court does not consider extrinsic evidence; it only looks to extrinsic evidence in the event of an ambiguity.” (Trolan v. Trolan (2019) 31 Cal.App.5th 939, 949 (Trolan).) “[T]he court must consider the whole of the trust instrument, not just separate parts of it.” (Ibid.) Rule 7.776 provides a list of eight factors a court may consider in determining or approving a trustee’s compensation. 4 Appellant’s brief specifies section 4.01 of the trust, but this | 1 | 1 |
People v. Fuhrmangreen1 sentence2025(See People v. Fuhrman (1997) 16 Cal.4th 930, 945 [“in the absence of any affirmative indication in the record that the trial court committed error . . . , relief on appeal is not appropriate”].) Although the court need not reconsider the People’s motion, there is a typographical error in the abstract of judgment that the court must correct on remand. | 1 | 1 |
Baxter v. Kriegergreen1 sentence2025(See id. at p. 869 [elements of accounting cause of action including that some balance is due plaintiff]; Teselle v. McLoughlin (2009) 173 Cal.App.4th 156, 179 [same]; see also Baxter v. Krieger (1958) 157 Cal.App.2d 730, 731-732 [plaintiff is not entitled to an accounting where no amounts were found to be due from the defendant to the plaintiff].) In their reply brief, plaintiffs argue that defendant’s “assertion that no cause of action for accounting can be supported due to a play on words or a typographical error in the First Amended Complaint is a non-issue. [Citation.] That is a quite sim | 1 | 1 |
People v. Bouzasgreen1 sentence2025(Westside Center Associates v. Safeway Stores 23, Inc. (1996) 42 Cal.App.4th 507, 529 [a party “effectively concedes” an issue by failing to address it in briefing]; People v. Bouzas (1991) 53 Cal.3d 467, 480 [an argument is conceded by failure to address it on appeal].) Instead, the only claim of error raised on appeal is the typographical error in identifying Geronimo as a maternal relative rather than a paternal relative. | 1 | 1 |
Gillotti v. Stewartgreen1 sentence2025Specifically, the lease states that, “[i]n the event either party hereto desires to establish said fair market value of the [property] for the purpose of determining the monthly base rent[] to be paid by Tenant,” then (1) the “party desiring to establish the fair market value” “shall,” “[o]n or before twelve (12) months prior to each [reappraisal4] adjustment date” (which, as noted above, is the 4 Although the lease refers here to a “rental adjustment date,” this appears to be a typographical error because the full phrase states “rental adjustment date as provided hereinabove” and the lease de | 1 | 1 |
Waiters v. Leegreen1 sentence2025There it says “ABP’s baseball position statement . . . 857 F.3d 466, 479, fn. 22 [declining to read literally a typographical error that was obviously contrary to intent established by context].) ABP offers the alternative explanation that the arbitrator did mean “Rule 33 should be followed” but was referring to rule 33(d) as overriding rule 33(b)’s exception to rule 24(h)’s written statement requirement where money damages are not at issue. | 1 | 1 |
Trolan v. Trolangreen1 sentence2025(Huscher v. Wells Fargo Bank (2004) 121 Cal.App.4th 956, 972 (Huscher).) “If the language of the instrument clearly sets forth the intent, the court does not consider extrinsic evidence; it only looks to extrinsic evidence in the event of an ambiguity.” (Trolan v. Trolan (2019) 31 Cal.App.5th 939, 949 (Trolan).) “[T]he court must consider the whole of the trust instrument, not just separate parts of it.” (Ibid.) Rule 7.776 provides a list of eight factors a court may consider in determining or approving a trustee’s compensation. 4 Appellant’s brief specifies section 4.01 of the trust, but this | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Superior Court (Romero)green | 1 | 1 |
| Mount Shasta Bioregional Ecology Center v. County of Siskiyougreen | 1 | 1 |
| East Sacramento Partnerships for a Livable City v. City of Sacramentogreen | 1 | 1 |
City of Irvine v. County of Orangegreen1 sentence2024(Cf. Tiburon Open Space Committee v. County of Marin (2022) 78 Cal.App.5th 700 , 758 [agreeing omission was “ ‘at most, a scrivener’s error’ ”].) Appellants do not establish 36 this typographical error, or BayWa’s subsequent clarification, impaired the “public’s ability to participate in the process and comment meaningfully on the EIR.” (SOC, supra, 87 Cal.App.5th at p. 674; see East Sacramento Partnerships for a Livable City v. City of Sacramento (2016) 5 Cal.App.5th 281, 292 (East Sacramento) [petitioner “failed to show . . . slight increase in housing units precluded meaningful decisionmaki | 1 | 1 |
| Giles v. Horngreen | 1 | 1 |
| Susan McShannock v. Jp Morgan Chase Bankgreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Martinezgreen | 1 | 1 |
| Andre Flowers v. Dancygreen | 1 | 1 |
| Aguayo v. Amarogreen | 1 | 1 |
| Los Angeles County Department of Children & Family Services v. Ashlee R.green | 1 | 1 |
| Charter Township of Clinton Police & Fire Retirement System v. Martingreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Blackburngreen | 1 | 1 |
| Thrifty Payless, Inc. v. MARINERS MILE GATEWAY, LLC.green | 1 | 1 |
| Curry v. Moodygreen | 1 | 1 |
| DiCola v. White Brothers Performance Products, Inc.green | 1 | 1 |
| Greer v. Buzgheiagreen | 1 | 1 |
| Henrioulle v. Marin Ventures, Inc.green | 1 | 1 |
| Varjabedian v. City of Maderagreen | 1 | 1 |
| Yamaha Corp. of America v. State Board of Equalizationgreen | 1 | 1 |
| Ahdout v. Hekmatjahgreen | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in California. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
Today's Fresh Start, Inc. v. Los Angeles County Office of Education
green
2 sentences2025The 14th Amendment provides: “No State shall . . . deprive any person of . . . property, without due process of law.” (U.S. Const. Amend XIV, § 1.) “ ‘The essence of due process is the requirement that “a person in jeopardy of serious loss [be given] notice of the case against him and [the] opportunity to meet it.” ’ ” (Today’s Fresh Start, Inc. v. Los Angeles County Office of Education (2013) 57 Cal.4th 197, 212 .) Husband did not face a loss because the checkmark on the 2014 order was a typographical error in that it contradicted the family court’s findings. 2025The 14th Amendment provides: “No State shall . . . deprive any person of . . . property, without due process of law.” (U.S. Const. Amend XIV, § 1.) “ ‘The essence of due process is the requirement that “a person in jeopardy of serious loss [be given] notice of the case against him and [the] opportunity to meet it.” ’ ” (Today’s Fresh Start, Inc. v. Los Angeles County Office of Education (2013) 57 Cal.4th 197, 212 .) Husband did not face a loss because the checkmark on the 2014 order was a typographical error in that it contradicted the family court’s findings. | 2 | 2025–2025 |
Zamora v. Clayborn Contracting Group, Inc.
green
2 sentences2024(Zamora v. Clayborn Contracting Group, Inc. (2002) 28 Cal.4th 249, 258 .) But here, as the trial court explained when it denied plaintiffs’ motion, plaintiffs’ counsel’s erroneous procedural strategy of voluntarily dismissing the case in order to obtain appellate review of the summary adjudication ruling was not a mistake that a reasonably prudent person under the same circumstances might have made, such as a typographical error. 2024After a hearing, the trial court granted the motion and vacated the offer to compromise and the order of dismissal.3 In a written order, the court found that defendants “made a reasonable mistake by typing” $100,000 instead of $10,000 and that defendants had “quickly notified Avila of their error.” The court concluded defendants’ mistake was a typographical error similar to the one in Zamora v. Clayborn Contracting Group, Inc. (2002) 28 Cal.4th 249 (Zamora). | 2 | 2024–2024 |
People v. Bolin
green
2 sentences2024We are confident, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the typographical error on the verdict form was not prejudicial under the circumstances. “ ‘[T]echinical defects in a verdict may be disregarded if the jury’s intent to convict of a specified offense within the charges is unmistakably clear, and the accused’s substantial rights suffered no prejudice.’ ” (People v. Bolin (1998) 18 Cal.4th 297, 331 .) We reject Sanchez’s assertion to the contrary. 12. 2024We are confident, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the typographical error on the verdict form was not prejudicial under the circumstances. “ ‘[T]echinical defects in a verdict may be disregarded if the jury’s intent to convict of a specified offense within the charges is unmistakably clear, and the accused’s substantial rights suffered no prejudice.’ ” (People v. Bolin (1998) 18 Cal.4th 297, 331 .) We reject Sanchez’s assertion to the contrary. | 2 | 2024–2024 |
People v. Wende
green
2 sentences2021(People v. Kelly (2006) 40 Cal.4th 106 ; Wende, supra, 25 Cal.3d 436 .) However, we note the abstract of judgment contains a typographical error, erroneously designating defendant’s Penal Code section 594 conviction as “criminal threats.” Defendant was acquitted of the criminal threats count, and section 594 refers to vandalism. 2021(People v. Kelly (2006) 40 Cal.4th 106 ; Wende, supra, 25 Cal.3d 436 .) However, we note the abstract of judgment contains a typographical error, erroneously designating defendant’s Penal Code section 594 conviction as “criminal threats.” Defendant was acquitted of the criminal threats count, and section 594 refers to vandalism. | 2 | 2016–2021 |
Behr v. Redmond
green
2 sentences2026Correction of that error requires a reversal of the judgment. ( Behr, supra, 193 Cal.App.4th at pp. 538–539 [reversing judgment as to the cause of action for fraud by misrepresentation, while affirming it in all other respects].) As the court in Taylor acknowledged, its facts were distinct from those in Behr: “Unlike the plaintiff in Behr, respondent did not make a choice ‘not to include a proposed factual finding essential to one of [his] claims.’ ” (Taylor, supra, 222 Cal.App.4th at p. 1244 , citing Behr, supra, at pp. 531–532.) Whereas in Behr, “both parties and the trial court agreed on a 2026Correction of that error requires a reversal of the judgment. ( Behr, supra, 193 Cal.App.4th at pp. 538–539 [reversing judgment as to the cause of action for fraud by misrepresentation, while affirming it in all other respects].) As the court in Taylor acknowledged, its facts were distinct from those in Behr: “Unlike the plaintiff in Behr, respondent did not make a choice ‘not to include a proposed factual finding essential to one of [his] claims.’ ” (Taylor, supra, 222 Cal.App.4th at p. 1244 , citing Behr, supra, at pp. 531–532.) Whereas in Behr, “both parties and the trial court agreed on a | 1 | 2026–2026 |
Fracasse v. Brent
green
1 sentence2025We presume that this is a typographical error and that Tacomania intended to refer to section “2023.010,” subdivisions (a) and (h). 4 employment records were irrelevant to Skinner’s complaint because “when an attorney enters into a contingency fee agreement with the client and is later terminated by that client, with or without cause . . ., the measure of damages is determined based on the reasonable value of services rendered up to the time of termination.” (Citing Fracasse v. Brent (1972) 6 Cal.3d 784, 789 ; Salopek v. Schoemann (1942) 20 Cal.2d 150, 153 ; Brown v. Connolly (1969) 2 Cal.App. | 1 | 2025–2025 |
Perez v. Grajales
green
1 sentence2025Such arguments raised for the first time on appeal are generally deemed forfeited.” (Perez v. Grajales (2008) 169 Cal.App.4th 580 , 591–592.) “ ‘This rule is based on fairness—it would be 3 This appears to be either a misstatement by counsel or a typographical error in the reporter’s transcript, as Mother stated in her reply declaration that she had “approximately $412,000 in assets remaining from what [Father] gave to me when I moved.” 12 unfair, both to the trial court and the opposing litigants, to permit a change of theory on appeal.’ ” (American Indian Health & Services Corp. v. Kent (201 | 1 | 2025–2025 |
Brown v. Connolly
green
1 sentence2025We presume that this is a typographical error and that Tacomania intended to refer to section “2023.010,” subdivisions (a) and (h). 4 employment records were irrelevant to Skinner’s complaint because “when an attorney enters into a contingency fee agreement with the client and is later terminated by that client, with or without cause . . ., the measure of damages is determined based on the reasonable value of services rendered up to the time of termination.” (Citing Fracasse v. Brent (1972) 6 Cal.3d 784, 789 ; Salopek v. Schoemann (1942) 20 Cal.2d 150, 153 ; Brown v. Connolly (1969) 2 Cal.App. | 1 | 2025–2025 |
Mattco Forge, Inc. v. Arthur Young & Co.
green
1 sentence2025(See Mattco Forge, Inc. v. Arthur Young & Co. (1997) 52 Cal.App.4th 820, 847 .) Here, fairness dictates that Father cannot raise his new theory for the first time on appeal, as the record indicates that Father had adequate notice and information about Mother’s interest-bearing accounts a sufficient time prior to the February 21 and April 25 hearings to present this factual issue to the trial court. | 1 | 2025–2025 |
Salopek v. Schoemann
green
1 sentence2025We presume that this is a typographical error and that Tacomania intended to refer to section “2023.010,” subdivisions (a) and (h). 4 employment records were irrelevant to Skinner’s complaint because “when an attorney enters into a contingency fee agreement with the client and is later terminated by that client, with or without cause . . ., the measure of damages is determined based on the reasonable value of services rendered up to the time of termination.” (Citing Fracasse v. Brent (1972) 6 Cal.3d 784, 789 ; Salopek v. Schoemann (1942) 20 Cal.2d 150, 153 ; Brown v. Connolly (1969) 2 Cal.App. | 1 | 2025–2025 |
Am. Indian Health & Servs. Corp. v. Kent
green
1 sentence2025Such arguments raised for the first time on appeal are generally deemed forfeited.” (Perez v. Grajales (2008) 169 Cal.App.4th 580 , 591–592.) “ ‘This rule is based on fairness—it would be 3 This appears to be either a misstatement by counsel or a typographical error in the reporter’s transcript, as Mother stated in her reply declaration that she had “approximately $412,000 in assets remaining from what [Father] gave to me when I moved.” 12 unfair, both to the trial court and the opposing litigants, to permit a change of theory on appeal.’ ” (American Indian Health & Services Corp. v. Kent (201 | 1 | 2025–2025 |
Taylor v. Union Pacific Railroad
green
1 sentence2024Tails you lose[.]” with the trial court.’ ” (Taylor v. Union Pacific Railroad Corporation (1976) 16 Cal.3d 893, 900 .) 11 Although we could deny Appellants’ arguments on either of these bases, out of an abundance of caution, we will consider their arguments on the merits. c. | 1 | 2024–2024 |
Electronic Equipment Express, Inc. v. Donald H. Seiler & Co.
green
1 sentence2024Seiler & Co. (1981) 122 Cal.App.3d 834 is instructive. | 1 | 2024–2024 |
| Cooper v. Lavely & Singer Professional Corp. green | 1 | 2024–2024 |
| Bowden v. Green green | 1 | 2023–2023 |
| Fryer v. Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, Inc. green | 1 | 2023–2023 |
| People v. Manzo green | 1 | 2023–2023 |
| Lamps Plus, Inc. v. Varela green | 1 | 2023–2023 |
| Even Zohar Construction & Remodeling, Inc. v. Bellaire Townhouses, LLC green | 1 | 2023–2023 |
| Brown v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. green | 1 | 2022–2022 |
| Poindexter v. Wachovia Mortgage Corporation neutral | 1 | 2022–2022 |
| In Re Candelario green | 1 | 2022–2022 |
| Biddle v. Superior Court green | 1 | 2022–2022 |
| People v. Hyung Joon Kim green | 1 | 2022–2022 |
| People v. Kelly green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| Lucy v. Cochran green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| Consolidated World Investments, Inc. v. Lido Preferred Ltd. green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| Ronald L. Obrey, Jr. v. Hansford T. Johnson, in His Capacity as the Acting Secretary of the Navy green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| People v. Jackson green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| Dreyer's Grand Ice Cream, Inc. v. County of Kern green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| People v. Dinh Van Nguyen green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| People v. DeVaughn CA4/2 green | 1 | 2021–2021 |
| Rusheen v. Cohen green | 1 | 2020–2020 |
| People v. Soto green | 1 | 2020–2020 |
| Kumar v. Kumar (In re Kumar) green | 1 | 2019–2019 |
| Peet v. Peet green | 1 | 2018–2018 |
| In Re Marriage of Crook green | 1 | 2017–2017 |
| Jessen v. Keystone Savings & Loan Assn. green | 1 | 2017–2017 |
| Sterling Park, L.P. v. City of Palo Alto green | 1 | 2016–2016 |
| People v. High green | 1 | 2016–2016 |
Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.