comprehensive analysis (Florida) · Go Syfert
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comprehensive analysis in Florida

68 Florida opinions name it 2 courts 1934–2021 1 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Florida courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (29)

CaseFollowedCited
Anderson v. Stategreen
fla · 2003 · cited in 23 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2005–2020
2 sentences

2020“In deciding whether death - 19 - is a proportionate penalty, ‘we make a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.’ ” Offord v. State, 959 So. 2d 187, 191 (Fla. 2007) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So. 2d 390, 407-08 (Fla. 2003)).

2020Proportionality Although Bush does not argue proportionality, this Court is required to conduct “a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.” Offord v. State, 959 So. 2d 187, 191 (Fla. 2007) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So. 2d 390 , 407- 08 (Fla. 2003)).

2223
Offord v. Stategreen
fla · 2007 · cited in 18 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2010–2020
2 sentences

2020“In deciding whether death - 19 - is a proportionate penalty, ‘we make a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.’ ” Offord v. State, 959 So. 2d 187, 191 (Fla. 2007) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So. 2d 390, 407-08 (Fla. 2003)).

2020Proportionality Although Bush does not argue proportionality, this Court is required to conduct “a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.” Offord v. State, 959 So. 2d 187, 191 (Fla. 2007) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So. 2d 390 , 407- 08 (Fla. 2003)).

1818
Floyd v. Stategreen
fla · 2005 · cited in 10 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2006–2017
2 sentences

2017App. P. 9.142(a)(5). “[T]o ensure uniformity in death penalty proceedings, ‘we make a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.’” Floyd v. State, 913 So.2d 564, 578 (Fla. 2005) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla. 2003)).

2017App. P. 9.142(a)(5). “[T]o ensure uniformity in death penalty proceedings, ‘we make a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.’ ” Floyd v. State, 913 So. 2d 564, 578 (Fla. 2005) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So. 2d 390, 407-08 (Fla. 2003)).

1010
Williams v. Stategreen
fla · 2010 · cited in 9 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2011–2014
2 sentences

2014This entails “a qualitative review by this Court of the underlying basis for each aggravator and mitigator rather than a quantitative analysis.” In other words, proportionality review “is not a comparison between the number of aggravating and mitigating circumstances.” Williams v. State, 37 So. 3d 187, 205 (Fla. 2010) (quoting Offord v. State, 959 So. 2d 187, 191 (Fla. 2007) (citations omitted)).

2012This Court will also make “a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.” Williams, 37 So.3d at 205 (quoting Of ford v. State, 959 So.2d 187, 191 (Fla.2007)).

79
Porter v. Stategreen
fla · 1990 · cited in 7 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2006–2014
2 sentences

2006See Floyd v. State, 913 So.2d 564, 578 (Fla.2005); Porter v. State, 564 So.2d 1060, 1064 (Fla.1990). "[W]e make a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence." Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla.2003) (citation omitted).

2006See, e.g., Porter v. State, 564 So.2d 1060, 1064 (Fla.1990). "[T]o ensure uniformity in death penalty proceedings, `we make a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.'" Floyd v. State, 913 So.2d 564, 578 (Fla.2005) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla.2003)).

77
Tillman v. Stategreen
fla · 1991 · cited in 6 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2009–2020
2 sentences

2020“This entails ‘a qualitative review . . . of the underlying basis for each aggravator and mitigator rather than a quantitative analysis.’ ” Id. (quoting Urbin v. State, 714 So. 2d 411, 416 (Fla. 1998)). “[P]roportionality review in death cases rests at least in part on the recognition that death is a uniquely irrevocable penalty, requiring a more intensive level of judicial scrutiny or process than would lesser penalties.” Tillman v. State, 591 So. 2d 167, 169 (Fla. 1991).

2009See Tillman v. State, 591 So.2d 167, 169 (Fla.1991). “[W]e make a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.” Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla.2003) (emphasis supplied) (citation omitted).

66
Urbin v. Stategreen
fla · 1998 · cited in 7 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2003–2020
2 sentences

2020“This entails ‘a qualitative review . . . of the underlying basis for each aggravator and mitigator rather than a quantitative analysis.’ ” Id. (quoting Urbin, 714 So. 2d at 417 .

2003In conducting this review, we make a comprehensive analysis in order to determine *408 whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, see Cooper v. State, 739 So.2d 82, 85 (Fla.1999), thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence, see Urbin v. State, 714 So.2d 411, 416-17 (Fla.1998).

57
Henao v. Professional Shoe Repair, Inc.green
fladistctapp · 2006 · cited in 3 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2009–2021
2 sentences

2021“Section 542.335 contains a comprehensive framework for analyzing, evaluating and enforcing restrictive covenants in Florida based on an ‘unfair competition’ analysis.” Henao v. Prof’l Shoe Repair, Inc., 929 So. 2d 723, 726 (Fla. 5th DCA 2006). “[T]he term ‘restrictive covenants’ includes all contractual restrictions upon competition, such as noncompetition/nonsolicitation agreements, confidentiality agreements, exclusive dealing agreements, and all other contractual restraints of trade.” Id.

2021“Section 542.335 contains a comprehensive framework for analyzing, evaluating and enforcing restrictive covenants in Florida based on an ‘unfair competition’ analysis.” Henao v. Prof’l Shoe Repair, Inc., 929 So. 2d 723, 726 (Fla. 5th DCA 2006). “[T]he term ‘restrictive covenants’ includes all contractual restrictions upon competition, such as noncompetition/nonsolicitation agreements, confidentiality agreements, exclusive dealing agreements, and all other contractual restraints of trade.” Id.

33
In Re: Amendments to Florida Family Law Rules of Proceduregreen
fla · 2017 · cited in 3 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
2 sentences

2018See In re Amendments to Florida Family Law Rules of Procedure , 214 So.3d 400 , 407 (Fla. 2017).

2018See In re Amendments to Florida Family Law Rules of Procedure , 214 So.3d 400 , 407 (Fla. 2017).

33
Rodgers v. Stategreen
fla · 2006 · cited in 2 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
2 sentences

2008Because the death penalty is reserved for only the most aggravated and the least mitigated of first-degree murders, the Court undertakes "a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence." Rodgers v. State, 948 So.2d 655, 669 (Fla.2006) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla.2003)).

2008That is, this Court “make[s] a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.” Rodgers v. State, 948 So.2d 655, 669 (Fla.2006) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla.2003)), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 128 S.Ct. 59 , 169 L.Ed.2d 50 (2007).

22
Russenberger v. Russenbergergreen
fladistctapp · 1993 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
1 sentence

2018See Russenberger v. Russenberger, 623 So. 2d 1244, 1245-46 (Fla. 1st DCA 1993), aff’d 1 As of March 16, 2017, the Florida Supreme Court adopted a more comprehensive rule related to examinations in the family law context.

11
Morton's of Chicago, Inc. v. Liragreen
fladistctapp · 2010 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
1 sentence

2018KHOUZAM and SLEET, JJ., Concur. 3Beyond pictorial proscriptions against biting apples more than once or affording "extra innings," see, e.g., Morton's of Chicago, Inc. v. Lira, 48 So. 3d 76, 80 (Fla. 1st DCA 2010)—metaphors that, even on their own terms, have become increasingly riddled with exceptions, see, e.g., Paeth v. U.S. Bank Nat'l Ass'n for C- Bass Mortg.

11
Sonny Boy Oats, Jr. v. State of Floridagreen
fla · 2015 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
1 sentence

2016See Oats v. State, 181 So.3d 457 (Fla.2015).

11
Supinski v. OMNI HEALTHCARE, PAgreen
fladistctapp · 2003 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
1 sentence

2013Supinski v. Omni Healthcare, P.A., 853 So.2d 526, 529-30 (Fla. 5th DCA 2003); see also § 542.335(l)(j), Fla. Stat. Section 542.335 contains a comprehensive framework for analyzing, evaluating and enforcing restrictive covenants contained in contracts.

11
Barnes v. Stategreen
fla · 2010 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2012–2012
1 sentence

2012Barnes v. State, 29 So.3d 1010, 1028 (Fla.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 131 S.Ct. 234 , 178 L.Ed.2d 155 (2010). “[T]o ensure uniformity in death penalty proceedings, ‘[this Court] make[s] a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.’ ” Floyd v. State, 913 So.2d 564, 578 (Fla.2005) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla.2003)).

11
Beasley v. Stategreen
fla · 2000 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2009–2009
2 sentences

2009Beasley v. State, 774 So.2d 649, 673 (Fla.2000). “[T]o ensure uniformity in death penalty proceedings, ‘we make a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.’ ” Floyd v. State, 913 So.2d 564, 578 (Fla.2005) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla.2003)).

2009Beasley v. State, 774 So.2d 649, 673 (Fla.2000). "[T]o ensure uniformity in death penalty proceedings, `we make a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.'" Floyd v. State, 913 So.2d 564, 578 (Fla.2005) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla.2003)).

11
Sexton v. Stategreen
fla · 2000 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2009–2009
1 sentence

2009This review “is not a comparison between the number of aggravating and mitigating circumstances.” Sexton v. State, 775 So.2d 923, 935 (Fla.2000) (quoting Porter v. State, 564 So.2d 1060, 1064 (Fla.1990)).

11
Cramer v. Chilesgreen
flsd · 1999 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
1 sentence

2006See id.

11
Roberts v. FLORIDA DEPT. OF CHILDREN & FAMILIESgreen
fladistctapp · 1997 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
1 sentence

2004Nevertheless, if there is a fit and able non-offending parent willing to take custody, "the court shall place the child with that parent upon completion of a home study, unless the court finds that such placement would endanger the safety, well-being, or physical, mental, or emotional health of the child." See § 39.521, Fla. Stat. (2003); Roberts v. Fla. Dep't of Children & Families, 687 So.2d 51, 51 (Fla. 3d DCA 1997) (finding that because there was no evidence nor any finding that the placement "would endanger the safety and wellbeing of the child," the mandatory terms of section 39.41(1), [

11
Cooper v. Stategreen
fla · 1999 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2003–2003
1 sentence

2003In conducting this review, we make a comprehensive analysis in order to determine *408 whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, see Cooper v. State, 739 So.2d 82, 85 (Fla.1999), thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence, see Urbin v. State, 714 So.2d 411, 416-17 (Fla.1998).

11
Boschen v. City of Clearwatergreen
fla · 2001 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
2 sentences

2002While the factual setting we analyzed in Boschen differs from the instant case because "[a] final judgment validating bonds comes to this Court with a presumption of correctness," id. at 962 , the comprehensive inquiry performed by this Court in Boschen reveals that we thoroughly examined all of the legal conclusions rendered by the trial court.

2002For example, this Court both "determine[d] whether the evidence presented at the validation hearing supported the trial court's validation of the bonds," and examined whether sufficient evidence existed in the record to "demonstrate[] that the overall project promotes public health and safety." Id. at 966, 968 .

11
Rose v. Stategreen
fla · 2001 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
11
Larzelere v. Stategreen
fla · 1996 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 1996–1996
11
Johnson v. Stategreen
fladistctapp · 1990 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995
11
Hofer v. Lavendergreen
tex · 1984 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 1988–1988
11
Perry v. Meltongreen
wva · 1982 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 1988–1988
11
Schneider v. Gustafson Industries, Inc.green
fla · 1962 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 1985–1985
11
Strickland v. Washingtongreen
scotus · 1984 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 1984–1984
11
Citizens of Florida v. Mayogreen
fla · 1978 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 1982–1982
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Florida. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (32)

CaseCitedYears
Ana Maria Cardona v. State of Florida green
fla · 2016
1 sentence

2017The trial court in Cardona also failed to perform “a comprehensive analysis of all three prongs [of intellectual disability] as set forth in Hall and its progeny.” Id. at 527 .

12017–2017
Bennett v. State green
fladistctapp · 2009
1 sentence

2013The overview of the law on preservation of evidence in Bennett is actually dicta, 23 So.3d at 788 , but it presents a comprehensive analysis of Florida, federal, and out-of-state case law on this topic.

12013–2013
Agee v. Britten green
scotus · 2010
1 sentence

2012Barnes v. State, 29 So.3d 1010, 1028 (Fla.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 131 S.Ct. 234 , 178 L.Ed.2d 155 (2010). “[T]o ensure uniformity in death penalty proceedings, ‘[this Court] make[s] a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.’ ” Floyd v. State, 913 So.2d 564, 578 (Fla.2005) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla.2003)).

12012–2012
Prescott v. Thaler green
scotus · 2010
1 sentence

2012Barnes v. State, 29 So.3d 1010, 1028 (Fla.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 131 S.Ct. 234 , 178 L.Ed.2d 155 (2010). “[T]o ensure uniformity in death penalty proceedings, ‘[this Court] make[s] a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.’ ” Floyd v. State, 913 So.2d 564, 578 (Fla.2005) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla.2003)).

12012–2012
Orhs v. Florida Birth-Related Neurological green
fladistctapp · 2008
2 sentences

2011The Orlando Regional court did not articulate a comprehensive rule for limiting the scope of “the immediate postdelivery period” but instead recognized that “the application of this definition in determining plan compensability must be applied on a case-by-case basis.” Id. at 430 .

2011The Orlando Regional court did not articulate a comprehensive rule for limiting the scope of "the immediate postdelivery period" but instead recognized that "the application of this definition in determining plan compensability must be applied on a case-by-case basis." Id. at 430 .

12011–2011
Pulley v. Harris green
scotus · 1984
2 sentences

2008Further, Hunter’s invitation for this Court to overturn United States Supreme Court precedent, namely Pulley v. Harris, 465 U.S. 37 , 104 S.Ct. 871 , 79 L.Ed.2d 29 (1984), is without foundation.

2008Further, Hunter’s invitation for this Court to overturn United States Supreme Court precedent, namely Pulley v. Harris, 465 U.S. 37 , 104 S.Ct. 871 , 79 L.Ed.2d 29 (1984), is without foundation.

12008–2008
Speights v. Commissioners of Public Works green
sc · 1924
2 sentences

2008That is, this Court “make[s] a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence.” Rodgers v. State, 948 So.2d 655, 669 (Fla.2006) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla.2003)), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 128 S.Ct. 59 , 169 L.Ed.2d 50 (2007).

2008That is, this Court "make[s] a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence." Rodgers v. State, 948 So.2d 655, 669 (Fla.2006) (quoting Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla.2003)), cert. denied, ___ U.S. ____, 128 S.Ct. 59 , 169 L.Ed.2d 50 (2007).

12008–2008
Crawford v. Head, Warden green
scotus · 2003
2 sentences

2005Thus, to ensure uniformity in death penalty proceedings, "we make a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence." Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla.), cert. denied, 540 U.S. 956 , 124 S.Ct. 408 , 157 L.Ed.2d 292 (2003).

2005Thus, to ensure uniformity in death penalty proceedings, "we make a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence." Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla.), cert. denied, 540 U.S. 956 , 124 S.Ct. 408 , 157 L.Ed.2d 292 (2003).

12005–2005
Lynn v. Dretke, Director, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Correctional Institutions Division green
scotus · 2003
1 sentence

2005Thus, to ensure uniformity in death penalty proceedings, "we make a comprehensive analysis in order to determine whether the crime falls within the category of both the most aggravated and the least mitigated of murders, thereby assuring uniformity in the application of the sentence." Anderson v. State, 841 So.2d 390, 407-08 (Fla.), cert. denied, 540 U.S. 956 , 124 S.Ct. 408 , 157 L.Ed.2d 292 (2003).

12005–2005
Florida Farm Bureau Cas. Co. v. Hurtado green
fla · 1991
11993–1993
Allied Fidelity Ins. Co. v. State green
fladistctapp · 1982
11985–1985
National Labor Relations Board v. Hendricks County Rural Electric Membership Corp. green
scotus · 1981
11985–1985
Fraser v. Willey neutral
fla · 1848
11985–1985
Reid v. Southern Development Co. neutral
· 1906
11985–1985
Summonte v. First American Title Insurance neutral
nj · 1982
11984–1984
Klinko v. H. C. Gabler, Inc. neutral
nj · 1982
11984–1984
Summonte v. First Amer. Title Ins. Co. green
njsuperctappdiv · 1981
11984–1984
Jarchow v. Transamerica Title Insurance red
calctapp · 1975
11984–1984
Summonte v. First American Title Insurance Co. neutral
njsuperctappdiv · 1981
11984–1984
Knight v. State green
fla · 1981
11984–1984
Cates v. State green
fladistctapp · 1982
11982–1982
Richardson v. State green
fla · 1971
11981–1981
Meridith v. Meridith green
fla · 1978
11980–1980
Cummings v. Cummings green
fla · 1976
11980–1980
Commercial Carrier Corp. v. Indian River Cty. green
fla · 1979
11979–1979
Bernhardt v. State green
fla · 1974
11974–1974
Myrick v. State green
fladistctapp · 1965
11967–1967
Myrick v. State green
fla · 1966
11967–1967
City of Miami Beach v. ELSALTO REAL ESTATE neutral
fla · 1953
11958–1958
City of Miami Beach v. Hogan green
fla · 1953
11958–1958
Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co. green
scotus · 1926
11934–1934
City of Jackson v. McPherson green
miss · 1932
11934–1934

Statutes the citing opinions construe

FL § 921.141 (24) FL § 782.04 (9) FL § 90.804 (7) FL § 90.401 (5) FL § 90.403 (5) FL § 90.803 (5) FL § 775.082 (4) FL § 787.01 (4) FL § 921.137 (4) FL § 61.13 (3) FL § 90.404 (3) FL § 90.801 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

NJ 189 (1956–2026) CA 126 (1916–2026) NY 115 (1856–2026) PA 109 (1904–2026) FL 68 (1934–2021) OH 47 (1916–2025) TX 46 (1926–2026) IL 24 (1884–2026) WA 23 (1967–2024) MA 23 (1976–2025) IN 22 (1980–2025) MD 21 (1916–2025) CT 21 (1929–2017) TN 21 (1977–2025) CO 19 (1953–2025) MO 17 (1906–2023) WY 17 (1957–2016) NM 16 (2003–2025) MI 14 (1957–2016) AZ 14 (1955–2020) IA 13 (1963–2018) UT 13 (1937–2020) KS 12 (1973–2026) ND 12 (1961–2015) NC 11 (1955–2022) MN 9 (1949–2017) LA 9 (1947–2021) MT 9 (1951–2025) AK 8 (1972–2026) VA 8 (1963–2024) HI 8 (1942–2023) DC 8 (1978–2022) OK 7 (1928–2019) ME 7 (1972–2003) WV 7 (1981–2015) MS 7 (1902–2014) GA 6 (1958–2022) NH 6 (1958–2008) WI 6 (1916–2000) ID 6 (1975–2019) DE 6 (1881–1996) NV 6 (2009–2015) KY 6 (1929–2025) SC 5 (1992–2025) OR 5 (1979–2021) VI 4 (2012–2014) AR 3 (1954–2016) SD 3 (1974–1992) RI 3 (1975–1990) NE 3 (1938–2019) VT 2 (2007–2007)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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