oral instruction in Alabama

57 Alabama opinions name it 4 courts 1915–2012 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Alabama courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (8)

Case	Followed	Cited
Blanton v. Blantongreen alacivapp · 1984 · cited in 2 Alabama opinions naming this issue, 2011–2012 2 sentences 2012See Blanton v. Blanton, 463 So.2d 158, 161 (Ala.Civ.App.1984) (concluding that the husband was not denied due process when the trial court denied his motion to dismiss without a hearing because the husband did not request an oral hearing). 2011See Blanton v. Blanton, 463 So.2d 158, 161 (Ala.Civ.App.1984) (concluding that the husband was not denied due process when the trial court denied his motion to dismiss without a hearing because the husband did not request an oral hearing).	2	2
Thomas v. Stategreen alacrimapp · 1984 · cited in 2 Alabama opinions naming this issue, 1986–1990 2 sentences 1990See also Thomas v. State , 452 So.2d 899 , 903 (Ala.Cr.App. 1984) ("An oral instruction on subsection (3) felony-murder constitutes a fatal variance from an indictment charging subsection (1) intentional murder unless felony-murder can be deemed a lesser-included offense of intentional murder," which is not possible under Alabama's statutory scheme.). 1986See also Thomas v. State, 452 So.2d 899, 903 (Ala.Cr.App.1984) (“An oral instruction on subsection (3) felony-murder constitutes a fatal variance from an indictment charging subsection (1) intentional murder.”).	2	2
Ex Parte Washingtongreen ala · 1984 · cited in 2 Alabama opinions naming this issue, 1984–1987 2 sentences 1987I In Ex parte Washington , 448 So.2d 404 (Ala. 1984), the Alabama Supreme Court condemned the giving of an oral instruction as "reckless murder" in a case in which the indictment only alleges "intentional murder." In Washington , supra, the defendant was indicted in a one-count indictment on the charge of "intentional murder." During the trial court's oral charge, the judge 1 defined the term "recklessness" Page 841 for the jury and instructed them that they could find the defendant guilty of murder if they concluded he acted "recklessly." The Alabama Supreme Court in its opinion in Washingto 1987I In Ex parte Washington , 448 So.2d 404 (Ala. 1984), the Alabama Supreme Court condemned the giving of an oral instruction as "reckless murder" in a case in which the indictment only alleges "intentional murder." In Washington , supra, the defendant was indicted in a one-count indictment on the charge of "intentional murder." During the trial court's oral charge, the judge 1 defined the term "recklessness" Page 841 for the jury and instructed them that they could find the defendant guilty of murder if they concluded he acted "recklessly." The Alabama Supreme Court in its opinion in Washingto	1	2
Givens v. Heilig-Meyers Co., Inc.green alacivapp · 1999 · cited in 1 Alabama opinions naming this issue, 2000–2000 1 sentence 2000See Givens v. Heilig-Meyers Co., 738 So.2d 1282 (Ala.Civ.App.1999) (stating that it is a legislative function, not a judicial function, to create an exception to the at-will employment doctrine).	1	1
Raper v. Stategreen alacrimapp · 1991 · cited in 1 Alabama opinions naming this issue, 1992–1992 1 sentence 1992See Raper v. State , 584 So.2d 544 (Ala.Cr.App. 1991); Blackmon v. State , 574 So.2d 1037 (Ala.Cr.App. 1990).	1	1
Matkins v. Stategreen alacrimapp · 1985 · cited in 1 Alabama opinions naming this issue, 1986–1986 1 sentence 1986See Matkins v. State, 497 So.2d 194 (Ala.Cr.App.1985).	1	1
Hackney v. Griffingreen ala · 1943 · cited in 1 Alabama opinions naming this issue, 1975–1975	1	1
Gordon v. Stategreen ala · 1959 · cited in 1 Alabama opinions naming this issue, 1972–1972	1	1

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Alabama. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (72)

Case	Cited	Years
Mansell v. Mansell neutral alacivapp · 1983 2 sentences 1989Mansell v. Mansell, 437 So.2d 588 (Ala.Civ.App.1983). 1984Mansell v. Mansell, 437 So.2d 588 (Ala.Civ.App.1983).	2	1984–1989
Reaves v. Reaves neutral alacivapp · 1981 2 sentences 1984Fassina v. Fassina , 401 So.2d 113 (Ala.Civ.App. 1981); Reaves v. Reaves , 399 So.2d 311 (Ala.Civ.App. 1981). 1983Fassina v. Fassina , 401 So.2d 113 (Ala.Civ.App. 1981); Reaves v. Reaves , 399 So.2d 311 (Ala.Civ.App. 1981).	2	1983–1984
Fassina v. Fassina green alacivapp · 1981 2 sentences 1984Fassina v. Fassina , 401 So.2d 113 (Ala.Civ.App. 1981); Reaves v. Reaves , 399 So.2d 311 (Ala.Civ.App. 1981). 1983Fassina v. Fassina , 401 So.2d 113 (Ala.Civ.App. 1981); Reaves v. Reaves , 399 So.2d 311 (Ala.Civ.App. 1981).	2	1983–1984
Elsevier v. Elsevier neutral alacivapp · 1978 2 sentences 1981Elsevier v. Elsevier, supra. And an award of alimony after an oral hearing is surrounded with a presumption of correctness and will not be set aside except for gross abuse of the court's discretion. 1980Elsevier v. Elsevier , Ala.Civ.App., 355 So.2d 382 (1978).	2	1980–1981
Cox v. State green ala · 1967 2 sentences 1980Thomas v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 352 So.2d 25 ; Owens v. State , 53 Ala. App. 553 , 302 So.2d 240 , cert. denied, 293 Ala. 769 , 302 So.2d 243 (1974); Cox v. State , 280 Ala. 318 , 193 So.2d 759 (1967)." Maund v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 361 So.2d 1144 (1978). 1980Thomas v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 352 So.2d 25 ; Owens v. State , 53 Ala. App. 553 , 302 So.2d 240 , cert. denied, 293 Ala. 769 , 302 So.2d 243 (1974); Cox v. State , 280 Ala. 318 , 193 So.2d 759 (1967)." Maund v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 361 So.2d 1144 (1978).	2	1978–1980
Owens v. State neutral alacrimapp · 1974 2 sentences 1980Thomas v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 352 So.2d 25 ; Owens v. State , 53 Ala. App. 553 , 302 So.2d 240 , cert. denied, 293 Ala. 769 , 302 So.2d 243 (1974); Cox v. State , 280 Ala. 318 , 193 So.2d 759 (1967)." Maund v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 361 So.2d 1144 (1978). 1980Thomas v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 352 So.2d 25 ; Owens v. State , 53 Ala. App. 553 , 302 So.2d 240 , cert. denied, 293 Ala. 769 , 302 So.2d 243 (1974); Cox v. State , 280 Ala. 318 , 193 So.2d 759 (1967)." Maund v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 361 So.2d 1144 (1978).	2	1978–1980
Owens v. State green ala · 1974 2 sentences 1980Thomas v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 352 So.2d 25 ; Owens v. State , 53 Ala. App. 553 , 302 So.2d 240 , cert. denied, 293 Ala. 769 , 302 So.2d 243 (1974); Cox v. State , 280 Ala. 318 , 193 So.2d 759 (1967)." Maund v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 361 So.2d 1144 (1978). 1980Thomas v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 352 So.2d 25 ; Owens v. State , 53 Ala. App. 553 , 302 So.2d 240 , cert. denied, 293 Ala. 769 , 302 So.2d 243 (1974); Cox v. State , 280 Ala. 318 , 193 So.2d 759 (1967)." Maund v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 361 So.2d 1144 (1978).	2	1978–1980
Maund v. State green alacrimapp · 1978 2 sentences 1980Thomas v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 352 So.2d 25 ; Owens v. State , 53 Ala. App. 553 , 302 So.2d 240 , cert. denied, 293 Ala. 769 , 302 So.2d 243 (1974); Cox v. State , 280 Ala. 318 , 193 So.2d 759 (1967)." Maund v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 361 So.2d 1144 (1978). 1979BOOKOUT, Judge, concurring specially: In Maund v. State, Ala.Cr.App., 361 So.2d 1144 (1978), we stated: “Exceptions to the oral instruction of the court must be taken in the presence of the jury and before the jury retires so that the trial judge will have an opportunity to make any corrections. . . .” (Emphasis supplied.) In Turberville v. State, Ala.Cr.App., 348 So.2d 868 , cert. denied, Ala., 348 So.2d 870 (1977), we stated: “It is well settled in Alabama that an exception to the oral charge of the trial judge must be made in the presence of the jury before it retires from the courtroom. .	2	1979–1980
Ex parte Chambers green ala · 1977 2 sentences 1980Thomas v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 352 So.2d 25 ; Owens v. State , 53 Ala. App. 553 , 302 So.2d 240 , cert. denied, 293 Ala. 769 , 302 So.2d 243 (1974); Cox v. State , 280 Ala. 318 , 193 So.2d 759 (1967)." Maund v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 361 So.2d 1144 (1978). 1978Thomas v. State , Ala.Cr.App., 352 So.2d 25 ; Owens v. State , 53 Ala. App. 553 , 302 So.2d 240 , cert. denied, 293 Ala. 769 , 302 So.2d 243 (1974); Cox v. State , 280 Ala. 318 , 193 So.2d 759 (1967).	2	1978–1980
Montgomery v. State green alactapp · 1920 2 sentences 1979In Montgomery v. State , 17 Ala. App. 469 , 86 So. 132 , reviewed by this court in Montgomery v. State , 204 Ala. 389 , 85 So. 785 , it was pointed out that before a jury is authorized to disregard the testimony upon the principle of falsus in uno, falsus in omnibus, it must appear that the testimony so given was wilfully false, and that it related to material matters. 1979In Montgomery v. State , 17 Ala. App. 469 , 86 So. 132 , reviewed by this court in Montgomery v. State , 204 Ala. 389 , 85 So. 785 , it was pointed out that before a jury is authorized to disregard the testimony upon the principle of falsus in uno, falsus in omnibus, it must appear that the testimony so given was wilfully false, and that it related to material matters.	2	1945–1979
Montgomery v. State neutral ala · 1920 2 sentences 1979In Montgomery v. State , 17 Ala. App. 469 , 86 So. 132 , reviewed by this court in Montgomery v. State , 204 Ala. 389 , 85 So. 785 , it was pointed out that before a jury is authorized to disregard the testimony upon the principle of falsus in uno, falsus in omnibus, it must appear that the testimony so given was wilfully false, and that it related to material matters. 1979In Montgomery v. State , 17 Ala. App. 469 , 86 So. 132 , reviewed by this court in Montgomery v. State , 204 Ala. 389 , 85 So. 785 , it was pointed out that before a jury is authorized to disregard the testimony upon the principle of falsus in uno, falsus in omnibus, it must appear that the testimony so given was wilfully false, and that it related to material matters.	2	1945–1979
McPherson v. State neutral ala · 1916 2 sentences 1947McPherson v. State, 198 Ala. 5 , 73 So. 387 ; Davis v. State, 246 Ala. 101 , 19 So.2d 358 . 1947McPherson v. State, 198 Ala. 5 , 73 So. 387 ; Davis v. State, 246 Ala. 101 , 19 So.2d 358 .	2	1934–1947
Baptist Memorial Hosp. v. Bowen green ala · 1991 2 sentences 2001Baptist Mem'l Hosp. v. Bowen, 591 So.2d 74 (Ala.1991), and Owens, supra . 2001Baptist Mem'l Hosp. v. Bowen , 591 So.2d 74 (Ala. 1991), and Owens , supra .	1	2001–2001
Southeast Enterprises, Inc. v. Byrd green ala · 1998 1 sentence 2001Rhoden v. Miller , 495 So.2d 54 , 58 (Ala. 1986). 3 The basis for this Court's denial of the Byrds' motion to dismiss the appeal is set out in footnote 1 of the opinion released in the prior appeal. 720 So.2d at 874 . 4 In February 1997, while the prior appeal was pending in this Court, SEI filed with this Court a motion to remand the action to the circuit court "with instructions that the circuit court grant [SEI] an oral hearing at which [SEI] will furnish evidence to the court that, not only did [the Byrds] furnish fraudulent information to [SEI], but [the Byrds] also committed a fraud on t	1	2001–2001
Rhoden v. Miller green ala · 1986 1 sentence 2001Rhoden v. Miller , 495 So.2d 54 , 58 (Ala. 1986). 3 The basis for this Court's denial of the Byrds' motion to dismiss the appeal is set out in footnote 1 of the opinion released in the prior appeal. 720 So.2d at 874 . 4 In February 1997, while the prior appeal was pending in this Court, SEI filed with this Court a motion to remand the action to the circuit court "with instructions that the circuit court grant [SEI] an oral hearing at which [SEI] will furnish evidence to the court that, not only did [the Byrds] furnish fraudulent information to [SEI], but [the Byrds] also committed a fraud on t	1	2001–2001
NORTHEAST ALA. REG. MED. CTR. v. Owens green ala · 1991 2 sentences 2001Baptist Mem'l Hosp. v. Bowen, 591 So.2d 74 (Ala.1991), and Owens, supra . 2001Baptist Mem'l Hosp. v. Bowen , 591 So.2d 74 (Ala. 1991), and Owens , supra .	1	2001–2001
Hoffman v. Chandler green ala · 1983 1 sentence 2000By this procedure, the trial court erred to reversal." 431 So.2d at 505 .	1	2000–2000
United States v. John Robert Dilg green ca11 · 1983 2 sentences 2000In United States v. Dilg, 700 F.2d 620 (11th Cir.1983), the appellant argued that the trial court erred in failing to give an oral instruction at the close of the evidence on the defendant’s presumption of innocence. 2000In United States v. Dilg, 700 F.2d 620 (11th Cir.1983), the appellant argued that the trial court erred in failing to give an oral instruction at the close of the evidence on the defendant’s presumption of innocence.	1	2000–2000
Wolfe v. State neutral alacrimapp · 1989 1 sentence 1999The Court of Criminal Appeals held in Wolfe v. State , 555 So.2d 330 (Ala.Crim.App. 1989), that an oral exception made after the court had failed to instruct on the defendant's right not to testify was sufficient to preserve the issue for appellate review.	1	1999–1999
Davenport v. City of Birmingham green alacrimapp · 1990 1 sentence 1992Although defense counsel pointed out a perceived deficiency in the court's oral instruction to the jury, Davenport v. City of Birmingham , 570 So.2d 1298 (Ala.Cr.App. 1990), the requested instruction was not specific enough to preserve for review any alleged error in the court's failure to give the instruction.	1	1992–1992
Goodson v. State green alacrimapp · 1991 1 sentence 1992First, the trial court did not err because the appellant's written requested jury instructions were "substantially covered in the court's oral instruction," Goodson v. State , 588 So.2d 509 , 515 (Ala.Cr.App. 1991).	1	1992–1992
Blackmon v. State green alacrimapp · 1990 1 sentence 1992See Raper v. State , 584 So.2d 544 (Ala.Cr.App. 1991); Blackmon v. State , 574 So.2d 1037 (Ala.Cr.App. 1990).	1	1992–1992
Williams v. Rabren green ala · 1983 1 sentence 1985By this procedure, the trial court erred to reversal." (Emphasis added.) 431 So.2d 505 .	1	1985–1985
Johnson v. Johnson neutral alacivapp · 1980 1 sentence 1984Johnson v. Johnson, 396 So.2d 697 (Ala.Civ.App.1980).	1	1984–1984
Dennis v. Dennis green alacivapp · 1980	1	1983–1983
Allen v. State green alacrimapp · 1981	1	1983–1983
Ex Parte Allen green ala · 1982	1	1983–1983
Tuck v. State green alacrimapp · 1980	1	1983–1983
Bateman v. State green alacrimapp · 1981	1	1983–1983
Taylor v. Godsey green ala · 1978	1	1982–1982
Ingram v. Horn green · 1975	1	1982–1982
Battaglia v. Battaglia green nysupct · 1958	1	1981–1981
Metcalf v. Metcalf green alacivapp · 1976	1	1981–1981
Stewart v. Grace neutral alacivapp · 1978	1	1980–1980
Kabaci v. Kabaci green alacivapp · 1979	1	1980–1980
Roley v. State neutral alactapp · 1958	1	1979–1979
Odom v. State green alacrimapp · 1978	1	1979–1979
Ward v. State green alacrimapp · 1978	1	1979–1979
Tuberville v. State neutral alacrimapp · 1977	1	1979–1979
Ex Parte Williams green ala · 1977	1	1979–1979

Statutes the citing opinions construe

AL § Ala. Code § 13A-6-20 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

TX 308 (1939–2026) OH 217 (1966–2026) NY 105 (1906–2026) CA 91 (1864–2025) AL 57 (1915–2012) IL 55 (1898–2025) GA 48 (1959–2025) FL 34 (1883–2026) WA 32 (1917–2026) TN 21 (1941–2025) MD 17 (1908–2014) MI 16 (1967–2025) MO 16 (1933–2025) VA 14 (1846–2024) KS 14 (1875–2024) IN 13 (1881–2018) MS 12 (1956–2021) OK 12 (1901–1995) PA 11 (1954–2024) CT 11 (1954–2018) KY 10 (1920–2011) NE 10 (1930–2026) ID 10 (1894–1994) NM 10 (1990–2024) WI 10 (1992–2022) DC 10 (1978–2013) LA 9 (1929–2024) WV 9 (1908–2022) MA 9 (1926–2016) VT 8 (1981–2019) OR 8 (1992–2018) HI 8 (1980–2022) MN 7 (1923–2009) IA 7 (1897–2015) NC 6 (1972–2017) NJ 6 (1953–2017) NV 5 (1914–2015) MT 5 (1928–1994) AR 5 (1886–2016) AZ 4 (1949–2012) CO 4 (1974–2009) SD 3 (1990–2022) SC 3 (1993–2011) AK 3 (1986–2006) ND 3 (1917–2014) ME 2 (1967–2017) NH 2 (1974–2007) WY 2 (1987–1993) RI 2 (1991–1994) UT 2 (2011–2020)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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