burden of rebutting presumption in Louisiana

48 Louisiana opinions name it 2 courts 1973–2019 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Louisiana courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (8)

Case	Followed	Cited
Fleming v. JE Merit Constructors, Inc.green lactapp · 2008 · cited in 1 Louisiana opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019 1 sentence 2019See Fleming, 985 So. 2d at 147 - 48; Everett, 938 So. 2d at 1042 .	1	1
Redmond v. McCoolgreen lactapp · 1991 · cited in 1 Louisiana opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001 1 sentence 2001Redmond v. McCool, 582 So.2d 262, 265 (La.App. 1 Cir.1991).	1	1
Lima v. Schmidtgreen la · 1992 · cited in 1 Louisiana opinions naming this issue, 1999–1999 1 sentence 1999Lima v. Schmidt, 595 So.2d 624, 628 (La. 1992).	1	1
Montalbano v. Lombardgreen la · 1993 · cited in 1 Louisiana opinions naming this issue, 1996–1996 1 sentence 1996See Ward v. Abasi, 616 So.2d 778 (La.App. 3 Cir.), writ denied, 617 So.2d 1182 (La.1993); Leyva v. Laga, 549 So.2d 914 (La.App. 3 Cir.1989).	1	1
Ward v. Abasigreen lactapp · 1993 · cited in 1 Louisiana opinions naming this issue, 1996–1996 1 sentence 1996See Ward v. Abasi, 616 So.2d 778 (La.App. 3 Cir.), writ denied, 617 So.2d 1182 (La.1993); Leyva v. Laga, 549 So.2d 914 (La.App. 3 Cir.1989).	1	1
Reeves v. Reevesgreen lactapp · 1992 · cited in 1 Louisiana opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995 1 sentence 1995Reeves v. Reeves, 607 So.2d 626, 628 (La.App. 2d Cir.), writ denied, 608 So.2d 1010 (La.1992); Dance v. Dance, 552 So.2d 658, 662 (La.App. 2d Cir.1989).	1	1
Dance v. Dancegreen lactapp · 1989 · cited in 1 Louisiana opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995 1 sentence 1995Reeves v. Reeves, 607 So.2d 626, 628 (La.App. 2d Cir.), writ denied, 608 So.2d 1010 (La.1992); Dance v. Dance, 552 So.2d 658, 662 (La.App. 2d Cir.1989).	1	1
State ex rel. Phillips v. Board of Zoning Adjustments of New Orleansgreen lactapp · 1967 · cited in 1 Louisiana opinions naming this issue, 1973–1973	1	1

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Louisiana. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (25)

Case	Cited	Years
State v. Short green lactapp · 1998 2 sentences 2015State v. Short, 96-2780 (La.App. 4 Cir. 11/18/98) , 725 So.2d 23 . 2015State v. Ladd, 13-1663, p. 3 (La.App. 4 Cir. 7/2/14), 146 So.3d 642, 644 , vacated and remanded on other grounds, 14-1611 (La.3/27/15), 164 So.3d 184 , (citing State v. Johnson, 97-1906, pp. 5-6 (La.3/4/98), 709 So.2d 672, 675 , and State v. Short, 96-2780, p. 8 (La.App. 4 Cir. 11/18/98), 725 So.2d 23, 27 ).	22	1999–2015
State v. Short neutral la · 1999 2 sentences 2001State v. Short, 96-2780, p. 8 (La.App. 4 Cir. 11/18/98), 725 So.2d 23, 27 , writ denied, 99-0198 (La.5/14/99), 745 So.2d 11 . 2000State v. Short, 96-2780 (La.App. 4th Cir. 11/18/98), 725 So.2d 23 , writ denied, 99-0198 (La.5/14/99), 745 So.2d 11 .	8	2000–2001
State v. Johnson green la · 1998 2 sentences 2015State v. Johnson, 97-1906 (La.3/4/98), 709 So.2d 672, 676-77 . 2014Mandatory minimum sentences imposed on multiple offenders under the Habitual Offender Law are presumed to be constitutional, State v. Johnson, 97-1906, pp. 5-6 (La.App. 4 Cir. 3/4/98), 709 So.2d 672, 675 , and defendant bears the burden of rebutting that presumption.	6	2000–2015
Trahan v. Ritterman green lactapp · 1979 2 sentences 1997"When alleged defamatory words are found to be defamatory per se, falsity and malice are presumed and defendant bears the burden of rebutting the presumption." Trahan v. Ritterman, supra . 1981Trahan v. Ritterman, supra, found that the trial court properly held that when allegedly defamatory words are found to be "defamatory per se", falsity and malice are presumed and defendant bears the burden of rebutting the presumption.	5	1981–2000
Martin v. Markley green la · 1942 2 sentences 1979Snowden v. Pearl River Broadcasting Corp., 251 So.2d 405 (La.App. 1st Cir. 1971); Parsons v. Gulf & South American Steamship Co., 194 So.2d 456 (La.App. 4th Cir. 1967). 184 Relying on Martin v. Markley, 202 La. 291 , 11 So.2d 593 (1942) and Carter v. Catfish Cabin, 316 So.2d 517 (La.App. 2d Cir. 1975), the trial court properly held that when alleged defamatory words are found to be defamatory per se, falsity and malice are presumed and defendant bears the burden of rebutting the presumption. 1979Snowden v. Pearl River Broadcasting Corp., 251 So.2d 405 (La.App. 1st Cir. 1971); Parsons v. Gulf & South American Steamship Co., 194 So.2d 456 (La.App. 4th Cir. 1967). 184 Relying on Martin v. Markley, 202 La. 291 , 11 So.2d 593 (1942) and Carter v. Catfish Cabin, 316 So.2d 517 (La.App. 2d Cir. 1975), the trial court properly held that when alleged defamatory words are found to be defamatory per se, falsity and malice are presumed and defendant bears the burden of rebutting the presumption.	4	1975–1999
State v. Ladd green lactapp · 2014 2 sentences 2015State v. Ladd, 13-1663, p. 3 (La.App. 4 Cir. 7/2/14), 146 So.3d 642, 644 , vacated and remanded on other grounds, 14-1611 (La.3/27/15), 164 So.3d 184 , (citing State v. Johnson, 97-1906, pp. 5-6 (La.3/4/98), 709 So.2d 672, 675 , and State v. Short, 96-2780, p. 8 (La.App. 4 Cir. 11/18/98), 725 So.2d 23, 27 ). 2015State v. Ladd, 13-1663, p. 3 (La.App. 4 Cir. 7/2/14), 146 So.3d 642, 644 , vacated and remanded on other grounds, 14-1611 (La.3/27/15), [164] So.3d [184], (citing State v. Johnson, 97-1906, pp. 5-6 (La.3/4/98), 709 So.2d 672, 675 , and State v. Short, 96-2780, p. 8 (La.App. 4 Cir. 11/18/98), 725 So.2d 23, 27 ).	2	2015–2015
Owen v. Gallien green lactapp · 1985 2 sentences 1990Owen v. Gallien, 477 So.2d 1240 (La.App. 3rd Cir.1985). 1990Owen v. Gallien, 477 So.2d 1240 (La.App. 3rd Cir.1985).	2	1990–1990
Carter v. Catfish Cabin green lactapp · 1975 2 sentences 1982Carter v. Catfish Cabin, supra . 1979Snowden v. Pearl River Broadcasting Corp., 251 So.2d 405 (La.App. 1st Cir. 1971); Parsons v. Gulf & South American Steamship Co., 194 So.2d 456 (La.App. 4th Cir. 1967). *184 Relying on Martin v. Markley, 202 La. 291 , 11 So.2d 593 (1942) and Carter v. Catfish Cabin, 316 So.2d 517 (La.App. 2d Cir. 1975), the trial court properly held that when alleged defamatory words are found to be defamatory per se, falsity and malice are presumed and defendant bears the burden of rebutting the presumption.	2	1979–1982
Everett v. Rubicon, Inc. green lactapp · 2006 1 sentence 2019See Fleming, 985 So. 2d at 147 - 48; Everett, 938 So. 2d at 1042 .	1	2019–2019
State v. Ladd green la · 2015 1 sentence 2015State v. Ladd, 13-1663, p. 3 (La.App. 4 Cir. 7/2/14), 146 So.3d 642, 644 , vacated and remanded on other grounds, 14-1611 (La.3/27/15), 164 So.3d 184 , (citing State v. Johnson, 97-1906, pp. 5-6 (La.3/4/98), 709 So.2d 672, 675 , and State v. Short, 96-2780, p. 8 (La.App. 4 Cir. 11/18/98), 725 So.2d 23, 27 ).	1	2015–2015
State v. Bentley green lactapp · 2003 1 sentence 2014State v. Bentley, 02-1564, p. 11 (La.App. 4 Cir. 3/12/03), 844 So.2d 149, 156 .	1	2014–2014
Kosmitis v. Bailey green lactapp · 1996 1 sentence 2003Kosmitis v. Bailey, 28,585 (La.App.2d Cir. 12/20/96), 685 So.2d 1177 .	1	2003–2003
State v. Jenkins green lactapp · 2000 2 sentences 2001State v. Jenkins, 98-2772 (La.App. 4 Cir. 3/15/00) , 759 So.2d 861 ; State v. Johnson, 97-1906 (La.3/4/98), 709 So.2d 672 . 2001State v. Jenkins, 98-2772 (La.App. 4 Cir. 3/15/00) , 759 So.2d 861 ; State v. Johnson, 97-1906 (La.3/4/98), 709 So.2d 672 .	1	2001–2001
Leyva v. Laga green lactapp · 1989 1 sentence 1996See Ward v. Abasi, 616 So.2d 778 (La.App. 3 Cir.), writ denied, 617 So.2d 1182 (La.1993); Leyva v. Laga, 549 So.2d 914 (La.App. 3 Cir.1989).	1	1996–1996
Nunez v. Wainoco Oil and Gas Co. green la · 1992 1 sentence 1995Reeves v. Reeves, 607 So.2d 626, 628 (La.App. 2d Cir.), writ denied, 608 So.2d 1010 (La.1992); Dance v. Dance, 552 So.2d 658, 662 (La.App. 2d Cir.1989).	1	1995–1995
Eubanks v. Brasseal green la · 1975 1 sentence 1990Id. 4 The question thus becomes whether defendant has proved by a preponderance that he maintained control, closely observed plaintiff’s vehicle, and kept a safe distance.	1	1990–1990
Moreau v. Brenan green lactapp · 1985 1 sentence 1988Cashio, supra; Moreau, supra. If the words are not defamatory per se then malice must be shown and will be found to exist where statements are made with reckless disregard for whether or not they are false.	1	1988–1988
Cashio v. Holt green lactapp · 1982 2 sentences 1988Cashio, supra; Madison, supra. If the words are defamatory per se, falsity and malice are presumed and defendant has the burden of rebutting the presumption. 1988Cashio, supra; Moreau, supra. If the words are not defamatory per se then malice must be shown and will be found to exist where statements are made with reckless disregard for whether or not they are false.	1	1988–1988
Stultz v. . Kiser neutral nc · 1843 1 sentence 1980A will in Stultz v. Kiser, 37 N.C. 538 (1843), made residuary legatees of the heirs.	1	1980–1980
Snowden v. Pearl River Broadcasting Corp. green lactapp · 1971 1 sentence 1979Snowden v. Pearl River Broadcasting Corp., 251 So.2d 405 (La.App. 1st Cir. 1971); Parsons v. Gulf & South American Steamship Co., 194 So.2d 456 (La.App. 4th Cir. 1967). *184 Relying on Martin v. Markley, 202 La. 291 , 11 So.2d 593 (1942) and Carter v. Catfish Cabin, 316 So.2d 517 (La.App. 2d Cir. 1975), the trial court properly held that when alleged defamatory words are found to be defamatory per se, falsity and malice are presumed and defendant bears the burden of rebutting the presumption.	1	1979–1979
Parsons v. Gulf & South American Steamship Co. green lactapp · 1967 1 sentence 1979Snowden v. Pearl River Broadcasting Corp., 251 So.2d 405 (La.App. 1st Cir. 1971); Parsons v. Gulf & South American Steamship Co., 194 So.2d 456 (La.App. 4th Cir. 1967). *184 Relying on Martin v. Markley, 202 La. 291 , 11 So.2d 593 (1942) and Carter v. Catfish Cabin, 316 So.2d 517 (La.App. 2d Cir. 1975), the trial court properly held that when alleged defamatory words are found to be defamatory per se, falsity and malice are presumed and defendant bears the burden of rebutting the presumption.	1	1979–1979
Time, Inc. v. Firestone green scotus · 1976 2 sentences 1979Defendant argues, however, that the United States Supreme Court decisions of Time, Inc. v. Firestone, 424 U.S. 448 , 96 S.Ct. 958 , 47 L.Ed.2d 154 (1975) and Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc., 418 U.S. 323 , 94 S.Ct. 2997 , 41 L.Ed.2d 789 (1973), have nullified our prior jurisprudence holding that defamatory statements, such as those involved herein, constitute defamation per se and thus relieve plaintiff of the burden of proving falsity and malice. 1979Defendant argues, however, that the United States Supreme Court decisions of Time, Inc. v. Firestone, 424 U.S. 448 , 96 S.Ct. 958 , 47 L.Ed.2d 154 (1975) and Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc., 418 U.S. 323 , 94 S.Ct. 2997 , 41 L.Ed.2d 789 (1973), have nullified our prior jurisprudence holding that defamatory statements, such as those involved herein, constitute defamation per se and thus relieve plaintiff of the burden of proving falsity and malice.	1	1979–1979
Haughton v. Fireman's Fund Am. Ins. Companies green la · 1978	1	1979–1979
Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc. green scotus · 1974 2 sentences 1979Defendant argues, however, that the United States Supreme Court decisions of Time, Inc. v. Firestone, 424 U.S. 448 , 96 S.Ct. 958 , 47 L.Ed.2d 154 (1975) and Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc., 418 U.S. 323 , 94 S.Ct. 2997 , 41 L.Ed.2d 789 (1973), have nullified our prior jurisprudence holding that defamatory statements, such as those involved herein, constitute defamation per se and thus relieve plaintiff of the burden of proving falsity and malice. 1979Defendant argues, however, that the United States Supreme Court decisions of Time, Inc. v. Firestone, 424 U.S. 448 , 96 S.Ct. 958 , 47 L.Ed.2d 154 (1975) and Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc., 418 U.S. 323 , 94 S.Ct. 2997 , 41 L.Ed.2d 789 (1973), have nullified our prior jurisprudence holding that defamatory statements, such as those involved herein, constitute defamation per se and thus relieve plaintiff of the burden of proving falsity and malice.	1	1979–1979
Decker v. Landry green la · 1955	1	1977–1977

Statutes the citing opinions construe

LA § La. Rev. Stat. § 15:529.1 (21) LA § La. Rev. Stat. § 14:2 (10) LA § La. Rev. Stat. § 40:967 (8) LA § La. Rev. Stat. § 1 (5) LA § La. Rev. Stat. § 15:438 (5)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

IL 341 (1851–2026) TX 190 (1938–2026) IN 91 (1913–2025) PA 62 (1925–2024) LA 48 (1973–2019) CA 47 (1865–2026) WA 47 (1918–2025) NY 46 (1922–2024) VA 45 (1924–2026) NC 37 (1893–2025) MO 35 (1908–2022) CT 31 (1934–2024) MN 30 (1927–2016) OH 29 (1978–2026) MI 27 (1978–2026) MS 26 (1985–2021) AL 20 (1891–2017) AR 20 (1982–2025) AZ 18 (1967–2026) WI 17 (1991–2025) FL 16 (1932–2019) GA 16 (1924–2019) NM 12 (1986–2026) CO 12 (1873–2020) ND 12 (1947–2020) DC 11 (1975–2024) NJ 11 (1954–2020) MD 11 (1990–2023) DE 11 (1962–2022) TN 10 (1980–2021) KY 7 (1955–2025) MT 7 (1990–1999) WV 6 (1983–2024) KS 5 (1977–2021) NV 5 (1990–2023) NE 5 (1903–2006) OR 5 (1952–2025) ID 5 (1986–2018) IA 5 (1925–2018) RI 3 (1979–2005) HI 3 (1983–2001) SC 3 (1941–2026) SD 3 (2002–2023) MA 2 (2003–2008) VT 2 (2015–2017) OK 2 (1953–1994) ME 2 (1998–2020)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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