relaxed standard (New Jersey) · Go Syfert
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relaxed standard in New Jersey

35 New Jersey opinions name it 2 courts 1975–2026 5 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by New Jersey courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (15)

CaseFollowedCited
Kemp Ex Rel. Wright v. Stategreen
nj · 2002 · cited in 3 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2002–2021
2 sentences

2021Kemp, 174 N.J. at 424-25 (stating that "a theory of causation that had not yet reached general acceptance in the scientific community 'may be found to be sufficiently reliable if it is based on a sound, adequately-founded scientific methodology involving data and information of the type reasonably relied on by experts in the scientific field'") (quoting Rubanick v. Witco Chem.

2017Under the relaxed standard, as applicable here, the trial court assesses "the soundness of the proffered methodology and the qualifications of the expert." Kemp, supra, 174 N.J. at 426 53 A-4698-14T1 (quoting Rubanick, supra, 125 N.J. at 454 ).

23
State v. Cookgreen
nj · 2004 · cited in 3 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2014–2019
2 sentences

2014The defensive use of similar other-crimes evidence is sometimes referred to as “reverse 404(b)” evidence. *151 Under this more relaxed standard, trial courts must still determine that the probative value of the evidence is not substantially outweighed by any of the Rule 403 factors, which are “undue prejudice, confusion of issues, or misleading the jury,” and “undue delay, waste of time, or needless presentation of cumulative evidence.” See Cook, supra, 179 N.J. at 567 , 847 A.2d 530 .

2014The defensive use of similar other-crimes evidence is sometimes referred to as “reverse 404(b)” evidence. *151 Under this more relaxed standard, trial courts must still determine that the probative value of the evidence is not substantially outweighed by any of the Rule 403 factors, which are “undue prejudice, confusion of issues, or misleading the jury,” and “undue delay, waste of time, or needless presentation of cumulative evidence.” See Cook, supra, 179 N.J. at 567 , 847 A.2d 530 .

23
Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc.green
scotus · 1993 · cited in 2 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1995–2017
2 sentences

1995See also Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S . ___, ___-___, 113 S.Ct. 2786, 2796-97 , 125 L.Ed. 2d 469, 482-83 (1993) (federal judges must examine whether the scientific knowledge can be and has been tested, whether it has been submitted to peer review and publication, the error rate of the measuring technique and the level of acceptance in the relevant scientific community). *34 Even under the relaxed standard applicable to toxic-tort litigation, we are satisfied that the trial judge did not err in excluding Owens' testimony.

1995See also Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S . ___, ___-___, 113 S.Ct. 2786, 2796-97 , 125 L.Ed. 2d 469, 482-83 (1993) (federal judges must examine whether the scientific knowledge can be and has been tested, whether it has been submitted to peer review and publication, the error rate of the measuring technique and the level of acceptance in the relevant scientific community). *34 Even under the relaxed standard applicable to toxic-tort litigation, we are satisfied that the trial judge did not err in excluding Owens' testimony.

12
Rubanick v. Witco Chemical Corp.green
nj · 1991 · cited in 2 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2002–2017
2 sentences

2017Under the relaxed standard, as applicable here, the trial court assesses "the soundness of the proffered methodology and the qualifications of the expert." Kemp, supra, 174 N.J. at 426 53 A-4698-14T1 (quoting Rubanick, supra, 125 N.J. at 454 ).

2017Under the relaxed standard, as applicable here, the trial court assesses "the soundness of the proffered methodology and the qualifications of the expert." Kemp, supra, 174 N.J. at 426 53 A-4698-14T1 (quoting Rubanick, supra, 125 N.J. at 454 ).

12
Nanavati v. Burdette Tomlin Memorial Hospitalgreen
nj · 1987 · cited in 2 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1990–1991
2 sentences

1991Notwithstanding our more indulgent review of hospital decisions, a decision denying or revoking staff privileges merits a closer look than a decision setting the standard for the determination of those privileges. [ Id. at 249-250 , 526 A. 2d 697 , citations omitted] While neither Nanavati nor Desai dealt with rights established by the LAD, certainly the cautions expressed in Nanavati become paramount considerations in balancing the critical rights of the hospital and the equally important rights of a doctor alleging discriminatory conduct.

1991Notwithstanding our more indulgent review of hospital decisions, a decision denying or revoking staff privileges merits a closer look than a decision setting the standard for the determination of those privileges. [ Id. at 249-250 , 526 A. 2d 697 , citations omitted] While neither Nanavati nor Desai dealt with rights established by the LAD, certainly the cautions expressed in Nanavati become paramount considerations in balancing the critical rights of the hospital and the equally important rights of a doctor alleging discriminatory conduct.

12
Strickland v. Washingtongreen
scotus · 1984 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026In addressing the merits of the PCR petition, the PCR court found defendant did not satisfy the two-prong test articulated in Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984), and adopted by the New Jersey Supreme Court in State v. Fritz, 105 N.J. 42, 58 (1987).

11
State v. Fritzgreen
nj · 1987 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026In addressing the merits of the PCR petition, the PCR court found defendant did not satisfy the two-prong test articulated in Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984), and adopted by the New Jersey Supreme Court in State v. Fritz, 105 N.J. 42, 58 (1987).

11
Ryan v. Rennygreen
nj · 2010 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
1 sentence

2021Ryan v. Renny, 203 N.J. 37, 50 (2010). "[A]n abuse of discretion 'arises when a decision is "made without a rational explanation, inexplicability departed from established policies, or rested on an 14 Our court applied a more relaxed standard focused on the underlying methodology in cases involving novel theories of causation in toxic tort cases.

11
State v. Munroegreen
nj · 2012 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
1 sentence

2020State v. Munroe, 210 N.J. 429, 441 (2012).

11
In Re Lalamagreen
njsuperctappdiv · 2001 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
1 sentence

2019Although the reported New Jersey appellate decisions involving chain of custody issues have all been criminal cases, it is even clearer in an administrative proceeding that a party seeking to introduce drug test results only needs to show a "reasonable probability" that the integrity of the sample has been maintained, because a relaxed standard of admissibility of evidence applies in administrative proceedings. [In re Lalama, 343 N.J.

11
Terry v. Ohiogreen
scotus · 1968 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 2003–2003
2 sentences

2003An officer must be able to "`point to specific and articulable facts which, taken together with rational inferences from *370 those facts, reasonably warrant [the] intrusion.'" State v. Citarella, 154 N.J. 272, 278 , 712 A. 2d 1096 (1998) (quoting Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 21 , 88 S.Ct. 1868, 1880 , 20 L.Ed. 2d 889, 906 (1968)) (alteration in original).

2003An officer must be able to "`point to specific and articulable facts which, taken together with rational inferences from *370 those facts, reasonably warrant [the] intrusion.'" State v. Citarella, 154 N.J. 272, 278 , 712 A. 2d 1096 (1998) (quoting Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 21 , 88 S.Ct. 1868, 1880 , 20 L.Ed. 2d 889, 906 (1968)) (alteration in original).

11
National Treasury Employees Union v. Von Raabgreen
scotus · 1989 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1993–1993
11
United States v. Leongreen
scotus · 1984 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1987–1987
11
Miller v. National Medical Hospital of Monterey Park, Inc.green
calctapp · 1981 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1987–1987
11
Zablocki v. Redhailgreen
scotus · 1978 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1985–1985
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (1)

CaseNegativeCited
United States v. Leongreen
scotus · 1984 · cited in 1 New Jersey opinions naming this issue, 1987–1987
11

Also cited on this issue (24)

CaseCitedYears
Medici v. BPR Co. green
nj · 1987
2 sentences

2026The applicant under this more relaxed standard need not satisfy the "enhanced quality of proof" set forth by the Court in [Medici, 107 N.J. at 21 ].

2025The applicant under this more relaxed standard need not satisfy the "enhanced quality of proof" set forth by the Court in [Medici, 107 N.J. at 21 ].

32013–2026
Willie James Brown v. Louie L. Wainwright, Etc. green
ca5 · 1982
2 sentences

2019"The right of self-representation ... is waived if not asserted, while the right to counsel is not." Id. at 611 .

2019"The right of self-representation . . . is waived if not asserted, while the right to counsel is not." Id. at 611 .

32019–2019
State v. Laurick red
nj · 1990
2 sentences

2025We reject defendant's argument that the relaxed standard for the five-year bar and excusable neglect set forth in State v. Laurick, 120 N.J. 1 (1990), should apply to ineffective assistance of counsel claims.

2018A PCR petition filed in the municipal court, other than one to correct an illegal sentence, "shall not be accepted for filing more than five years after entry of the judgment or imposition of sentence sought to be attacked, unless it alleges 3 We reject defendant's additional argument that the relaxed standard for the five-year bar and excusable neglect set forth in State v. Laurick, 120 N.J. 1 (1990), should apply to ineffective assistance of counsel claims.

22018–2025
State v. Jahnell Weaver (069185) green
nj · 2014
2 sentences

2019Despite this more relaxed standard, however, "trial courts must still determine that the probative value of the evidence is not substantially outweighed by any of the Rule 403 factors, which are 'undue prejudice, confusion of issues, or misleading the jury,' and 'undue delay, waste of time, or needless presentation of cumulative evidence.'" Weaver, 219 N.J. at 151 .

2019Despite this more relaxed standard, however, "trial courts must still determine that the probative value of the evidence is not substantially outweighed by any of the Rule 403 factors, which are 'undue prejudice, confusion of issues, or misleading the jury,' and 'undue delay, waste of time, or A-0009-17T3 16 needless presentation of cumulative evidence.'" Weaver, 219 N.J. at 151 .

22019–2019
State v. Arthur green
nj · 1997
2 sentences

2003Although the Act does not define "reasonable cause," it is akin to "reasonable suspicion," which New Jersey courts have found to be a more relaxed standard than "probable cause." State v. Arthur, 149 N.J. 1, 8 , 691 A. 2d 808 (1997).

2003Although the Act does not define "reasonable cause," it is akin to "reasonable suspicion," which New Jersey courts have found to be a more relaxed standard than "probable cause." State v. Arthur, 149 N.J. 1, 8 , 691 A. 2d 808 (1997).

22003–2018
Rufo v. Inmates of Suffolk County Jail green
scotus · 1992
2 sentences

2019Under the relaxed standard, "[a] party seeking modification . . . may meet its initial burden by showing a significant change either in factual conditions or in law." Ibid. (quoting Rufo, 502 U.S. at 384 ).

2019Under the relaxed standard, "[a] party seeking modification . . . may meet its initial burden by showing a significant change either in factual conditions or in law." Ibid. (quoting Rufo, 502 U.S. at 384 ).

12019–2019
State v. Perkins green
njsuperctappdiv · 2003
2 sentences

2018We have described "reasonable cause" as "a more relaxed standard than probable cause[,]" and as "akin to 'reasonable suspicion[.]' " State v. Perkins , 358 N.J.

2018Super. 151 , 159, 817 A.2d 364 (App. Div. 2003) (citing State v. Arthur , 149 N.J. 1 , 8, 691 A.2d 808 (1997) ).

12018–2018
Hoefers v. Jones green
njsuperctappdiv · 1994
1 sentence

2017On appeal, defendant makes five principal arguments: (1) we should apply a relaxed standard of review; (2) the Family Part erred in interpreting the parties' PSA and finding that plaintiff did not have to contribute to the costs of private high school education; (3) the Family Part erred in failing to schedule an evidentiary hearing to address the alleged ambiguities in the parties' PSA; (4) the court erred in failing to address the factors identified in Newburgh v. Arrigo, 88 N.J. 529 (1982), and Hoefers 5 A-1958-15T1 v. Jones, 288 N.J.

12017–2017
Newburgh v. Arrigo green
nj · 1982
1 sentence

2017On appeal, defendant makes five principal arguments: (1) we should apply a relaxed standard of review; (2) the Family Part erred in interpreting the parties' PSA and finding that plaintiff did not have to contribute to the costs of private high school education; (3) the Family Part erred in failing to schedule an evidentiary hearing to address the alleged ambiguities in the parties' PSA; (4) the court erred in failing to address the factors identified in Newburgh v. Arrigo, 88 N.J. 529 (1982), and Hoefers 5 A-1958-15T1 v. Jones, 288 N.J.

12017–2017
Diaz v. Cobb green
flsd · 2008
1 sentence

2016Instead, it has consistently treated them as reasonable, nondiscriminatory restrictions subject to a relaxed standard of review." Id. at 1330 .

12016–2016
Grubbs v. Slothower green
njsuperctappdiv · 2007
2 sentences

2013That means that the applicant is required to demonstrate, to the board’s satisfaction, “that the site will accommodate the problems associated with a proposed use with [a greater density] than permitted by the ordinance.” Grubbs v. Slothower, 389 N.J.Super. 377, 389 , 913 A.2d 137 (App.Div.2007) (alteration in original) (quoting Randolph, supra, 324 N.J.Super. at 417 , 735 A.2d 1166 ).

2013That means that the applicant is required to demonstrate, to the board’s satisfaction, “that the site will accommodate the problems associated with a proposed use with [a greater density] than permitted by the ordinance.” Grubbs v. Slothower, 389 N.J.Super. 377, 389 , 913 A.2d 137 (App.Div.2007) (alteration in original) (quoting Randolph, supra, 324 N.J.Super. at 417 , 735 A.2d 1166 ).

12013–2013
RANDOLPH TOWN v. Tp. of Randolph green
njsuperctappdiv · 1999
2 sentences

2013That means that the applicant is required to demonstrate, to the board’s satisfaction, “that the site will accommodate the problems associated with a proposed use with [a greater density] than permitted by the ordinance.” Grubbs v. Slothower, 389 N.J.Super. 377, 389 , 913 A.2d 137 (App.Div.2007) (alteration in original) (quoting Randolph, supra, 324 N.J.Super. at 417 , 735 A.2d 1166 ).

2013That means that the applicant is required to demonstrate, to the board’s satisfaction, “that the site will accommodate the problems associated with a proposed use with [a greater density] than permitted by the ordinance.” Grubbs v. Slothower, 389 N.J.Super. 377, 389 , 913 A.2d 137 (App.Div.2007) (alteration in original) (quoting Randolph, supra, 324 N.J.Super. at 417 , 735 A.2d 1166 ).

12013–2013
State v. Slater green
nj · 2009
2 sentences

2012In such eases, “courts are to exercise their discretion liberally to allow plea withdrawals.” Id. at 156 , 966 A.2d 461 .

2012In such eases, “courts are to exercise their discretion liberally to allow plea withdrawals.” Id. at 156 , 966 A.2d 461 .

12012–2012
Greenberg v. Kimmelman green
nj · 1985
2 sentences

2010Greenberg, supra, 99 N.J. at 567 , 494 A. 2d 294 .

2010Greenberg, supra, 99 N.J. at 567 , 494 A. 2d 294 .

12010–2010
State v. Citarella green
nj · 1998
2 sentences

2003An officer must be able to "`point to specific and articulable facts which, taken together with rational inferences from *370 those facts, reasonably warrant [the] intrusion.'" State v. Citarella, 154 N.J. 272, 278 , 712 A. 2d 1096 (1998) (quoting Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 21 , 88 S.Ct. 1868, 1880 , 20 L.Ed. 2d 889, 906 (1968)) (alteration in original).

2003An officer must be able to "`point to specific and articulable facts which, taken together with rational inferences from *370 those facts, reasonably warrant [the] intrusion.'" State v. Citarella, 154 N.J. 272, 278 , 712 A. 2d 1096 (1998) (quoting Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 21 , 88 S.Ct. 1868, 1880 , 20 L.Ed. 2d 889, 906 (1968)) (alteration in original).

12003–2003
State v. Fertig green
nj · 1996
2 sentences

1997State v. Fertig, 143 N.J. 115, 126 , 668 A.2d 1076 (1996); State v. Spann, 130 N.J. 484, 509-10 , 617 A.2d 247 (1993); State v. J.Q., 130 N.J. 554, 572-73 , 617 A.2d 1196 (1993).

1997State v. Fertig, 143 N.J. 115, 126 , 668 A.2d 1076 (1996); State v. Spann, 130 N.J. 484, 509-10 , 617 A.2d 247 (1993); State v. J.Q., 130 N.J. 554, 572-73 , 617 A.2d 1196 (1993).

11997–1997
State v. Spann green
nj · 1993
2 sentences

1997State v. Fertig, 143 N.J. 115, 126 , 668 A.2d 1076 (1996); State v. Spann, 130 N.J. 484, 509-10 , 617 A.2d 247 (1993); State v. J.Q., 130 N.J. 554, 572-73 , 617 A.2d 1196 (1993).

1997State v. Fertig, 143 N.J. 115, 126 , 668 A.2d 1076 (1996); State v. Spann, 130 N.J. 484, 509-10 , 617 A.2d 247 (1993); State v. J.Q., 130 N.J. 554, 572-73 , 617 A.2d 1196 (1993).

11997–1997
State v. JQ green
nj · 1993
2 sentences

1997State v. Fertig, 143 N.J. 115, 126 , 668 A.2d 1076 (1996); State v. Spann, 130 N.J. 484, 509-10 , 617 A.2d 247 (1993); State v. J.Q., 130 N.J. 554, 572-73 , 617 A.2d 1196 (1993).

1997State v. Fertig, 143 N.J. 115, 126 , 668 A.2d 1076 (1996); State v. Spann, 130 N.J. 484, 509-10 , 617 A.2d 247 (1993); State v. J.Q., 130 N.J. 554, 572-73 , 617 A.2d 1196 (1993).

11997–1997
State v. Cameron green
nj · 1985
1 sentence

1994Ibid. *69 One modification of the rules should be made.

11994–1994
Garrow v. Elizabeth General Hospital and Dispensary green
nj · 1979
11990–1990
Bricker v. Sceva Speare Memorial Hospital green
scotus · 1971
11987–1987
Delome v. Union Barge Line Co. green
scotus · 1971
11987–1987
Bricker v. Sceva Speare Memorial Hospital green
nh · 1971
11987–1987
Barrows v. Jackson green
scotus · 1953
11975–1975

Statutes the citing opinions construe

NJ § N.J. Stat. § 2C:43-7.2 (4) NJ § N.J. Stat. § 2C:12-1 (3) NJ § N.J. Stat. § 40:55D-70 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

PA 219 (1958–2026) IL 50 (1976–2025) TX 36 (1970–2025) NJ 35 (1975–2026) NY 34 (1877–2024) CA 28 (1960–2025) FL 26 (1991–2019) WA 23 (1994–2024) LA 22 (1965–2025) OH 16 (1989–2023) CT 15 (1973–2016) IN 15 (1883–2020) WI 14 (1926–2020) MD 13 (1928–2020) TN 13 (1994–2017) KS 12 (1990–2016) GA 12 (1988–2017) OK 11 (1935–2014) RI 11 (1989–2006) ID 9 (1977–2024) IA 9 (1996–2025) KY 8 (1956–2015) UT 7 (1981–2021) VA 7 (2006–2025) CO 6 (1983–2020) AL 6 (1989–2016) NM 6 (1989–2020) MS 6 (1997–2012) MI 5 (1990–2019) MA 5 (1980–2009) MO 5 (1975–2023) AZ 5 (1985–2021) SC 5 (2000–2018) AK 4 (1985–2004) DC 4 (2000–2022) MN 4 (2014–2018) VT 3 (1998–2020) OR 3 (1990–2024) NV 3 (1990–2016) NC 3 (1995–2004) HI 3 (2002–2016) ND 2 (1986–1994) DE 2 (1980–2002) MT 2 (2015–2015) AR 2 (1985–2023)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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