obvious error (Maryland) · Go Syfert
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obvious error in Maryland

31 Maryland opinions name it 2 courts 1906–2026 4 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Maryland courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (13)

CaseFollowedCited
Felicia Dean v. Stephen McKinneygreen
ca4 · 2020 · cited in 3 Maryland opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
2 sentences

2024As the Fourth Circuit has observed, “[s]ome things are so obviously unlawful that they don’t require detailed explanation[,] and sometimes the most obviously unlawful things happen so rarely that a case on point is itself an unusual thing.” Dean for & on behalf of Harkness v. McKinney, 976 F.3d 407, 417-18 (4th Cir. 2020) (citation omitted).

2024As the Fourth Circuit has observed, “[s]ome things are so obviously unlawful that they don’t require detailed explanation[,] and sometimes the most obviously unlawful things happen so rarely that a case on point is itself an unusual thing.” Dean for & on behalf of Harkness v. McKinney, 976 F.3d 407, 417-18 (4th Cir. 2020) (citation omitted).

33
El Bey v. Moorish Science Temple of America, Inc.green
md · 2001 · cited in 3 Maryland opinions naming this issue, 2002–2017
2 sentences

2006Temple of Am., 362 Md. 339, 354-55 , 765 A.2d 132, 140 (2001) (stating that while normally a trial court's decision to grant or deny injunctive relief is reviewed for an abuse of discretion, `no such deference [is given] when we find "an obvious error in the application of the principles of equity"') (quoting Western Md.

2006Temple of Am., 362 Md. 339, 354-55 , 765 A.2d 132, 140 (2001) (stating that while normally a trial court's decision to grant or deny injunctive relief is reviewed for an abuse of discretion, `no such deference [is given] when we find "an obvious error in the application of the principles of equity"') (quoting Western Md.

33
Western Maryland Dairy, Inc. v. Chenowithgreen
md · 1942 · cited in 3 Maryland opinions naming this issue, 2001–2006
2 sentences

2006Dairy, Inc. v. Chenowith, 180 Md. 236, 244 , 23 A.2d 660, 665 (1942)); Colandrea v. Wilde Lake Community Ass'n Inc., 361 Md. 371, 394 , 761 A.2d 899, 911 (2000)." Id. at 127, 803 A.2d at 534 .

2006Dairy, Inc. v. Chenowith, 180 Md. 236, 244 , 23 A.2d 660, 665 (1942)); Colandrea v. Wilde Lake Community Ass'n Inc., 361 Md. 371, 394 , 761 A.2d 899, 911 (2000)." Id. at 127, 803 A.2d at 534 .

33
Colandrea v. Wilde Lake Community Ass'ngreen
md · 2000 · cited in 3 Maryland opinions naming this issue, 2001–2006
2 sentences

2006Dairy, Inc. v. Chenowith, 180 Md. 236, 244 , 23 A.2d 660, 665 (1942)); Colandrea v. Wilde Lake Community Ass'n Inc., 361 Md. 371, 394 , 761 A.2d 899, 911 (2000)." Id. at 127, 803 A.2d at 534 .

2001We review the exercise of the trial court’s discretion to grant or deny a request for injunctive relief under an “abuse of discretion” standard (see Colandrea, 361 Md. at 394 , 761 A.2d *355 at 911 (citing State Dep’t of Health & Mental Hygiene v. Baltimore County, 281 Md. 548, 554 , 383 A.2d 51, 55 (1977))); however, we give no such deference when we find “an obvious error in the application of the principles of equity.” Western Md.

23
Herod v. Stategreen
md · 1987 · cited in 2 Maryland opinions naming this issue, 1988–2001
2 sentences

2001(Informant indicated that Lewis would travel to Tennessee for a “cook of PCP.” The police subsequently observed, among other things, Lewis keeping company with Jeff Malcolm, who had a prior Tennessee address and a history of PCP involvement.); see Potts, 300 Md. 567 , 479 A.2d 1335 (upholding search warrant based on a reliable informant’s tip and police corroboration); see also Herod v. State, 311 Md. 288, 295-96 , 534 A.2d 362 (1987) (discussing corroboration of informant’s tip); Shrout v. *334 State, 238 Md. 170 , 208 A.2d 585 (1965) (upholding search warrant based on tip of informant and po

2001(Informant indicated that Lewis would travel to Tennessee for a “cook of PCP.” The police subsequently observed, among other things, Lewis keeping company with Jeff Malcolm, who had a prior Tennessee address and a history of PCP involvement.); see Potts, 300 Md. 567 , 479 A.2d 1335 (upholding search warrant based on a reliable informant’s tip and police corroboration); see also Herod v. State, 311 Md. 288, 295-96 , 534 A.2d 362 (1987) (discussing corroboration of informant’s tip); Shrout v. *334 State, 238 Md. 170 , 208 A.2d 585 (1965) (upholding search warrant based on tip of informant and po

22
Potts v. Stategreen
md · 1984 · cited in 2 Maryland opinions naming this issue, 1988–2001
2 sentences

2001(Informant indicated that Lewis would travel to Tennessee for a “cook of PCP.” The police subsequently observed, among other things, Lewis keeping company with Jeff Malcolm, who had a prior Tennessee address and a history of PCP involvement.); see Potts, 300 Md. 567 , 479 A.2d 1335 (upholding search warrant based on a reliable informant’s tip and police corroboration); see also Herod v. State, 311 Md. 288, 295-96 , 534 A.2d 362 (1987) (discussing corroboration of informant’s tip); Shrout v. *334 State, 238 Md. 170 , 208 A.2d 585 (1965) (upholding search warrant based on tip of informant and po

2001(Informant indicated that Lewis would travel to Tennessee for a “cook of PCP.” The police subsequently observed, among other things, Lewis keeping company with Jeff Malcolm, who had a prior Tennessee address and a history of PCP involvement.); see Potts, 300 Md. 567 , 479 A.2d 1335 (upholding search warrant based on a reliable informant’s tip and police corroboration); see also Herod v. State, 311 Md. 288, 295-96 , 534 A.2d 362 (1987) (discussing corroboration of informant’s tip); Shrout v. *334 State, 238 Md. 170 , 208 A.2d 585 (1965) (upholding search warrant based on tip of informant and po

22
Coleman v. Stategreen
md · 2013 · cited in 1 Maryland opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026As Coleman reveals, counsel’s failure to object to opposing testimony can be 15 unreasonable if it involves some obvious legal error. 434 Md. at 338 (noting that the law is “clear that admitted evidence of post-arrest silence violates due process of law” and finding accordingly that “the failure to object to the State’s numerous references to [Mr.] Coleman’s silence is an obvious error . . . and a reasonably competent attorney . . . would have raised an objection” (quoting Alston v. Garrison, 720 F.2d 812, 817 (4th Cir. 1983))).

11
George Smith Alston v. Samuel P. Garrison, Rufus Edmisten, Attorney General of N.C.green
ca4 · 1983 · cited in 1 Maryland opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026As Coleman reveals, counsel’s failure to object to opposing testimony can be 15 unreasonable if it involves some obvious legal error. 434 Md. at 338 (noting that the law is “clear that admitted evidence of post-arrest silence violates due process of law” and finding accordingly that “the failure to object to the State’s numerous references to [Mr.] Coleman’s silence is an obvious error . . . and a reasonably competent attorney . . . would have raised an objection” (quoting Alston v. Garrison, 720 F.2d 812, 817 (4th Cir. 1983))).

11
Ehrlich v. Perezgreen
md · 2006 · cited in 1 Maryland opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
2 sentences

2017Temple of Am., Inc., 362 Md. 339, 354-55 , 765 A.2d 132, 140 (2001) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted); see also City of Bowie v. MIE Props., Inc., 398 Md. 657, 677 , 922 A.2d 509, 521 (2007) (“We generally review the issuance of an injunction by a trial court for an abuse of discretion.” (Citation omitted)). “[E]ven with respect to a discretionary matter, [however,] a trial court must exercise its discretion in accordance with correct legal standards.” Ehrlich v. Perez, 394 Md. 691, 708 , 908 A.2d 1220, 1230 (2006) (citation and internal quotation marks omitted).

2017Temple of Am., Inc., 362 Md. 339, 354-55 , 765 A.2d 132, 140 (2001) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted); see also City of Bowie v. MIE Props., Inc., 398 Md. 657, 677 , 922 A.2d 509, 521 (2007) (“We generally review the issuance of an injunction by a trial court for an abuse of discretion.” (Citation omitted)). “[E]ven with respect to a discretionary matter, [however,] a trial court must exercise its discretion in accordance with correct legal standards.” Ehrlich v. Perez, 394 Md. 691, 708 , 908 A.2d 1220, 1230 (2006) (citation and internal quotation marks omitted).

11
City of Bowie v. MIE, Properties, Inc.green
md · 2007 · cited in 1 Maryland opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
2 sentences

2017Temple of Am., Inc., 362 Md. 339, 354-55 , 765 A.2d 132, 140 (2001) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted); see also City of Bowie v. MIE Props., Inc., 398 Md. 657, 677 , 922 A.2d 509, 521 (2007) (“We generally review the issuance of an injunction by a trial court for an abuse of discretion.” (Citation omitted)). “[E]ven with respect to a discretionary matter, [however,] a trial court must exercise its discretion in accordance with correct legal standards.” Ehrlich v. Perez, 394 Md. 691, 708 , 908 A.2d 1220, 1230 (2006) (citation and internal quotation marks omitted).

2017Temple of Am., Inc., 362 Md. 339, 354-55 , 765 A.2d 132, 140 (2001) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted); see also City of Bowie v. MIE Props., Inc., 398 Md. 657, 677 , 922 A.2d 509, 521 (2007) (“We generally review the issuance of an injunction by a trial court for an abuse of discretion.” (Citation omitted)). “[E]ven with respect to a discretionary matter, [however,] a trial court must exercise its discretion in accordance with correct legal standards.” Ehrlich v. Perez, 394 Md. 691, 708 , 908 A.2d 1220, 1230 (2006) (citation and internal quotation marks omitted).

11
Central Cab Co. v. Clarkegreen
md · 1970 · cited in 1 Maryland opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010In Central Cab Company v. Clarke, 259 Md. 542, 551 , 270 A.2d 662, 667 (1970), for example, an attorney failed to notify his client that he had terminated representation of the client; the omission ultimately resulted in a default judgment against the client.

2010In Central Cab Company v. Clarke, 259 Md. 542, 551 , 270 A.2d 662, 667 (1970), for example, an attorney failed to notify his client that he had terminated representation of the client; the omission ultimately resulted in a default judgment against the client.

11
State Department of Health & Mental Hygiene v. Baltimore Countygreen
md · 1977 · cited in 1 Maryland opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
2 sentences

2001We review the exercise of the trial court’s discretion to grant or deny a request for injunctive relief under an “abuse of discretion” standard (see Colandrea, 361 Md. at 394 , 761 A.2d *355 at 911 (citing State Dep’t of Health & Mental Hygiene v. Baltimore County, 281 Md. 548, 554 , 383 A.2d 51, 55 (1977))); however, we give no such deference when we find “an obvious error in the application of the principles of equity.” Western Md.

2001We review the exercise of the trial court’s discretion to grant or deny a request for injunctive relief under an “abuse of discretion” standard (see Colandrea, 361 Md. at 394 , 761 A.2d *355 at 911 (citing State Dep’t of Health & Mental Hygiene v. Baltimore County, 281 Md. 548, 554 , 383 A.2d 51, 55 (1977))); however, we give no such deference when we find “an obvious error in the application of the principles of equity.” Western Md.

11
Jones v. Stategreen
mdctspecapp · 1970 · cited in 1 Maryland opinions naming this issue, 1973–1973
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (1)

CaseNegativeCited
Paula McFarland v. Joan Yukinsgreen
ca6 · 2004 · cited in 1 Maryland opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
1 sentence

2020But see McFarland v. Yukins, 356 F.3d 688, 707 (6th Cir. 2004) (finding adverse effect “where counsel fails to pursue a strong and obvious defense, when pursuit of that defense would have inculpated counsel’s other client, and where there is no countervailing benefit to the defendant from foregoing that defense or other explanation for counsel’s conduct”).

11

Also cited on this issue (29)

CaseCitedYears
Frey v. Comptroller of the Treasury green
md · 2011
2 sentences

2019Frey v. Comptroller , 422 Md. 111 , 187, 29 A.3d 475 , 519 (2011) (emphasis added).

2019The Court explained that, when the Tax Court reviews the Comptroller's decision declining to abate interest in an assessment, the court's review "is deferential to the tax collector's discretion[,]" and the court must consider whether "the [complaining] party has demonstrated with affirmative evidence that reasonable cause exists or that the tax collector's decision was an obvious error." Id. at 187, 29 A.3d 475 .

22019–2019
Shrout v. State green
md · 1965
2 sentences

2001(Informant indicated that Lewis would travel to Tennessee for a “cook of PCP.” The police subsequently observed, among other things, Lewis keeping company with Jeff Malcolm, who had a prior Tennessee address and a history of PCP involvement.); see Potts, 300 Md. 567 , 479 A.2d 1335 (upholding search warrant based on a reliable informant’s tip and police corroboration); see also Herod v. State, 311 Md. 288, 295-96 , 534 A.2d 362 (1987) (discussing corroboration of informant’s tip); Shrout v. *334 State, 238 Md. 170 , 208 A.2d 585 (1965) (upholding search warrant based on tip of informant and po

2001(Informant indicated that Lewis would travel to Tennessee for a “cook of PCP.” The police subsequently observed, among other things, Lewis keeping company with Jeff Malcolm, who had a prior Tennessee address and a history of PCP involvement.); see Potts, 300 Md. 567 , 479 A.2d 1335 (upholding search warrant based on a reliable informant’s tip and police corroboration); see also Herod v. State, 311 Md. 288, 295-96 , 534 A.2d 362 (1987) (discussing corroboration of informant’s tip); Shrout v. *334 State, 238 Md. 170 , 208 A.2d 585 (1965) (upholding search warrant based on tip of informant and po

21988–2001
Latrobe v. Dietrich green
md · 1910
2 sentences

1976This requirement is founded upon an obvious principle of justice.” 114 Md. at 21 , 78 A. at 988 .

1976This requirement is founded upon an obvious principle of justice.” 114 Md. at 21 , 78 A. at 988 .

21926–1976
Ray v. State green
mdctspecapp · 2016
2 sentences

2017As the Court of Special Appeals noted: "The court reporter made an obvious error in transcription and wrote ‘un-executed incarceration' instead of ‘on executed incarceration.' All parties were in absolute agreement that the judge said ‘on executed incarceration,’ exactly as it was written in the formal Memorandum.” Ray v. State, 230 Md.App. 157 , 192 n.4, 146 A.3d 1157 , 1177 n.4 (2016). 2 .

2017As the Court of Special Appeals noted: "The court reporter made an obvious error in transcription and wrote ‘un-executed incarceration' instead of ‘on executed incarceration.' All parties were in absolute agreement that the judge said ‘on executed incarceration,’ exactly as it was written in the formal Memorandum.” Ray v. State, 230 Md.App. 157 , 192 n.4, 146 A.3d 1157 , 1177 n.4 (2016). 2 .

12017–2017
State Commission on Human Relations v. Talbot County Detention Center green
md · 2002
2 sentences

2006Dairy, Inc. v. Chenowith, 180 Md. 236, 244 , 23 A.2d 660, 665 (1942)); Colandrea v. Wilde Lake Community Ass’n Inc., 361 Md. 371, 394 , 761 A.2d 899, 911 (2000).” Id. at 127, 803 A.2d at 534 .

2006Dairy, Inc. v. Chenowith, 180 Md. 236, 244 , 23 A.2d 660, 665 (1942)); Colandrea v. Wilde Lake Community Ass'n Inc., 361 Md. 371, 394 , 761 A.2d 899, 911 (2000)." Id. at 127, 803 A.2d at 534 .

12006–2006
Cecil v. Cecil green
md · 1862
2 sentences

2004It is also a most obvious principle of justice, that no man ought to be bound by proceedings to which he was a stranger." Cecil v. Cecil, 19 Md. 72, 79 , 1862 WL 2345 , *5 (1862).

2004It is also a most obvious principle of justice, that no man ought to be bound by proceedings to which he was a stranger.” Cecil v. Cecil, 19 Md. 72, 79 , 1862 WL 2345 , *5 (1862).

12004–2004
Parklane Hosiery Co. v. Shore green
scotus · 1979
2 sentences

2004Thus, in its most rigid form, “the mutuality requirement provided a party who had litigated and lost in a previous action an opportunity to relitigate identical issues with new parties.” Parklane Hosiery, 439 U.S. at 327 , 99 S.Ct. at 649 , 58 L.Ed.2d at 559-560 .

2004Thus, in its most rigid form, “the mutuality requirement provided a party who had litigated and lost in a previous action an opportunity to relitigate identical issues with new parties.” Parklane Hosiery, 439 U.S. at 327 , 99 S.Ct. at 649 , 58 L.Ed.2d at 559-560 .

12004–2004
Malcolm v. State green
md · 1988
2 sentences

2001When one of these factors was lacking, the others were stronger, so that probable cause could be determined by “the totality of the circumstances.” In Malcolm v. State, 314 Md. 221, 232 , 550 A.2d 670 (1988), the Court of Appeals emphasized that “every aspect of the informant’s detailed tip was corroborated prior to the search, with the obvious exception of the drug distribution.” Id.

2001When one of these factors was lacking, the others were stronger, so that probable cause could be determined by “the totality of the circumstances.” In Malcolm v. State, 314 Md. 221, 232 , 550 A.2d 670 (1988), the Court of Appeals emphasized that “every aspect of the informant’s detailed tip was corroborated prior to the search, with the obvious exception of the drug distribution.” Id.

12001–2001
Bartholomee v. Casey green
mdctspecapp · 1994
2 sentences

2001The [trial] court properly struck the testimony and excluded any further surprise evidence from the paramedic on that subject.” “Maryland law is well settled that a trial court has broad discretion to fashion a remedy based on a party’s failure to abide by the rules of discovery.” Bartholomee v. Casey, 103 Md.App. 34, 48 , 651 A.2d 908 (1994)(citing Taliaferro v. State, 295 Md. 376, 398 , 456 A.2d 29 (1983)).

2001The [trial] court properly struck the testimony and excluded any further surprise evidence from the paramedic on that subject.” “Maryland law is well settled that a trial court has broad discretion to fashion a remedy based on a party’s failure to abide by the rules of discovery.” Bartholomee v. Casey, 103 Md.App. 34, 48 , 651 A.2d 908 (1994)(citing Taliaferro v. State, 295 Md. 376, 398 , 456 A.2d 29 (1983)).

12001–2001
Taliaferro v. State green
md · 1983
2 sentences

2001The [trial] court properly struck the testimony and excluded any further surprise evidence from the paramedic on that subject.” “Maryland law is well settled that a trial court has broad discretion to fashion a remedy based on a party’s failure to abide by the rules of discovery.” Bartholomee v. Casey, 103 Md.App. 34, 48 , 651 A.2d 908 (1994)(citing Taliaferro v. State, 295 Md. 376, 398 , 456 A.2d 29 (1983)).

2001The [trial] court properly struck the testimony and excluded any further surprise evidence from the paramedic on that subject.” “Maryland law is well settled that a trial court has broad discretion to fashion a remedy based on a party’s failure to abide by the rules of discovery.” Bartholomee v. Casey, 103 Md.App. 34, 48 , 651 A.2d 908 (1994)(citing Taliaferro v. State, 295 Md. 376, 398 , 456 A.2d 29 (1983)).

12001–2001
Moon v. State green
md · 1984
2 sentences

1993Relying on Moon v. State, 300 Md. 354 , 478 A.2d 695 (1984), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1207 , 105 S.Ct. 1170 , 84 L.Ed.2d 321 (1985), Chapman argues that there was an obvious error on the face of the affidavit and, as such, it “cannot be said to have such indicia of reliability as would justify the abridgement of [his] right under the State and federal constitutions.” We disagree and reject his contention.

1993Relying on Moon v. State, 300 Md. 354 , 478 A.2d 695 (1984), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1207 , 105 S.Ct. 1170 , 84 L.Ed.2d 321 (1985), Chapman argues that there was an obvious error on the face of the affidavit and, as such, it “cannot be said to have such indicia of reliability as would justify the abridgement of [his] right under the State and federal constitutions.” We disagree and reject his contention.

11993–1993
United States v. Rojas-Contreras green
scotus · 1985
1 sentence

1993Relying on Moon v. State, 300 Md. 354 , 478 A.2d 695 (1984), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1207 , 105 S.Ct. 1170 , 84 L.Ed.2d 321 (1985), Chapman argues that there was an obvious error on the face of the affidavit and, as such, it “cannot be said to have such indicia of reliability as would justify the abridgement of [his] right under the State and federal constitutions.” We disagree and reject his contention.

11993–1993
Maryland v. Moon green
scotus · 1985
1 sentence

1993Relying on Moon v. State, 300 Md. 354 , 478 A.2d 695 (1984), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1207 , 105 S.Ct. 1170 , 84 L.Ed.2d 321 (1985), Chapman argues that there was an obvious error on the face of the affidavit and, as such, it “cannot be said to have such indicia of reliability as would justify the abridgement of [his] right under the State and federal constitutions.” We disagree and reject his contention.

11993–1993
Angel v. United States green
scotus · 1985
1 sentence

1993Relying on Moon v. State, 300 Md. 354 , 478 A.2d 695 (1984), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1207 , 105 S.Ct. 1170 , 84 L.Ed.2d 321 (1985), Chapman argues that there was an obvious error on the face of the affidavit and, as such, it “cannot be said to have such indicia of reliability as would justify the abridgement of [his] right under the State and federal constitutions.” We disagree and reject his contention.

11993–1993
Reynolds v. State green
md · 1959
2 sentences

1992In Reynolds v. State, 219 Md. 319, 324 , 149 A.2d 774 (1959), the Court of Appeals was faced with an instructional error that did not fully define or explain the very offenses with which the defendant had been charged.

1992In Reynolds v. State, 219 Md. 319, 324 , 149 A.2d 774 (1959), the Court of Appeals was faced with an instructional error that did not fully define or explain the very offenses with which the defendant had been charged.

11992–1992
State v. Hutchinson green
md · 1980
2 sentences

1991State v. Hutchinson, 287 Md. 198, 218 , 411 A.2d 1035 (1980) (Smith, J. dissenting).

1991State v. Hutchinson, 287 Md. 198, 218 , 411 A.2d 1035 (1980) (Smith, J. dissenting).

11991–1991
Estelle v. Smith green
scotus · 1981
2 sentences

1983The final sentencing authority rests with the trial judge. [3] It is important to note that one of the three questions the sentencing jury in Texas must answer affirmatively before imposing the death penalty is "`whether there is a probability that the defendant would commit criminal acts of violence that would constitute a continuing threat to society.'" Estelle v. Smith, 451 U.S. 454, 458 , 101 S.Ct. 1866 , 68 L.Ed.2d 359 (1981). [4] We pointed out in Bedford for the benefit of the generation of attorneys admitted to the bar in the last thirty years that it was long customary for counsel to

1983The final sentencing authority rests with the trial judge. [3] It is important to note that one of the three questions the sentencing jury in Texas must answer affirmatively before imposing the death penalty is "`whether there is a probability that the defendant would commit criminal acts of violence that would constitute a continuing threat to society.'" Estelle v. Smith, 451 U.S. 454, 458 , 101 S.Ct. 1866 , 68 L.Ed.2d 359 (1981). [4] We pointed out in Bedford for the benefit of the generation of attorneys admitted to the bar in the last thirty years that it was long customary for counsel to

11983–1983
Epps v. State green
md · 1975
11977–1977
State v. Lawless green
mdctspecapp · 1971
11977–1977
Gambrill v. Schooley green
· 1901
11973–1973
Domchick v. Greenbelt Consumer Services, Inc. green
md · 1952
11973–1973
Peurifoy v. Congressional Motors, Inc. green
md · 1969
11973–1973
United States v. Marion green
scotus · 1971
11973–1973
State v. Hamilton green
mdctspecapp · 1972
11973–1973
Miranda v. Arizona green
scotus · 1966
11972–1972
Barnett v. State green
mdctspecapp · 1969
11971–1971
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad v. Breinig ex rel.Bitter green
md · 1866
11934–1934
Foley v. Crow green
md · 1872
11926–1926
Baltimore, Chesapeake & Atlantic Ry. Co. v. County Commissioners neutral
· 1901
11906–1906

Statutes the citing opinions construe

USC § 42u.s.c.1983 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

OH 593 (1987–2026) ME 241 (1966–2026) ND 206 (1974–2026) CA 95 (1896–2026) MI 54 (1871–2026) UT 53 (1993–2026) TX 52 (1912–2025) WA 50 (1918–2026) GA 40 (1850–2024) PA 40 (1908–2025) IL 39 (1907–2025) NY 39 (1838–2024) CT 33 (1951–2025) MD 31 (1906–2026) AL 29 (1847–2026) MA 26 (1928–2025) MO 24 (1886–2022) OK 22 (1915–2024) FL 20 (1961–2014) CO 19 (1978–2026) NC 16 (1862–2021) NJ 15 (1884–2022) MS 14 (1844–2026) LA 14 (1871–2014) DC 14 (1957–2017) IN 12 (1842–2017) IA 11 (1880–2023) OR 11 (1904–2026) NM 11 (1914–2023) NE 11 (1902–2016) TN 9 (1829–2026) KY 9 (1959–2026) WY 7 (1983–2020) AR 7 (1910–2017) KS 7 (1891–2001) AK 7 (1982–2025) VT 6 (1988–2026) WI 5 (1971–2023) HI 5 (1951–2019) VA 5 (1884–2014) NH 4 (1847–1995) WV 4 (1947–1995) MN 4 (1964–2010) RI 4 (1902–2019) DE 3 (1972–2025) AZ 3 (1900–2006) NV 3 (1929–2000) MT 2 (1886–2015) SD 2 (1990–2003)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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