reasoned rule in Colorado

18 Colorado opinions name it 2 courts 1961–2008 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Colorado courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (7)

Case	Followed	Cited
In Re Custody of C.C.R.S.green coloctapp · 1994 · cited in 2 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995 2 sentences 1995Moreover, because I believe the better reasoned analysis and result is that set forth in the dissenting opinion of Judge Taubman, In re Custody of C.C.R.S., 872 P.2d 1337, 1345-55 (Colo. App.1993) (Taubman, J., dissenting), I respectfully dissent. 1995Moreover, because I believe the better reasoned analysis and result is that set forth in the dissenting opinion of Judge Taubman, In re Custody of C.C.R.S., 872 P.2d 1337, 1345-55 (Colo.App.1993) (Taubman, J., dissenting), I respectfully dissent.	2	2
People v. Hickeygreen michctapp · 1981 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008 2 sentences 2008P. 28(a)(8); see also Hickey, 303 N.W.2d at 21 ("[The weight of final adjudication should not be given to any jury action that is not returned in a final verdict."); Booker, 298 S.E.2d at 80 ("[The better reasoned rule is the majority rule which requires a final verdict ...."). 2008Indeed, it is very possible that jurors could believe that a defendant is guilty of a greater charge, but focus on lesser offenses "in a spirit of compromise to reach a verdict." Hall, 324 N.E.2d at 52 ; see also Hickey, 303 N.W.2d at 21 ("[Als a practical matter ... jury votes on included offenses may be the result of a temporary compromise in an effort to reach unanimity.").	1	1
Williams v. East Coast Sales, Inc.green ncctapp · 1982 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008 1 sentence 2008P. 28(a)(8); see also Hickey, 303 N.W.2d at 21 ("[The weight of final adjudication should not be given to any jury action that is not returned in a final verdict."); Booker, 298 S.E.2d at 80 ("[The better reasoned rule is the majority rule which requires a final verdict ....").	1	1
Kodiak Oilfield Haulers v. Adamsgreen alaska · 1989 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 1993–1993 1 sentence 1993See Kodiak Oilfield Haulers v. Adams, 777 P.2d 1145 (Alaska 1989); Preway, Inc. v. Davis, 22 Ark.App. 132 , 736 S.W.2d 21 (1987); Laines v. Workmen’s Compensation Appeals Board, 48 Cal.App.3d 872 , 122 Cal. Rptr. 139 (1975); Little Caesar’s Pizza v. Ingersoll, 572 So.2d 8 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App. 1990); Taylor v. Centex Construction Co., 191 Kan. 130 , 379 P.2d 217 (1963); Case of McElroy, 397 Mass. 743 , 494 N.E.2d 1 (1986); Font v. New York City Board of Education, 170 A.D.2d 928 , 566 N.Y.S.2d 754 (1991); Fenton v. SAIF Corp., 87 Or.	1	1
Denver Urban Renewal Authority v. Hayutingreen coloctapp · 1978 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 1984–1984 1 sentence 1984See also Denver Urban Renewal Auth. v. Hayutin, 40 Colo.App. 559 , 583 P.2d 296 (1978).	1	1
Fletcher R. Williams v. Department of Correctionsgreen ca9 · 1971 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 1976–1976 2 sentences 1976See Williams v. Dept. of Corrections, 438 F.2d 78 (9th Cir. 1971); Bullock v. Mississippi, 404 F.2d 75 (5th Cir. 1968); Commonwealth ex rel. 1976See Williams v. Dept. of Corrections, 438 F.2d 78 (9th Cir. 1971); Bullock v. Mississippi, 404 F.2d 75 (5th Cir. 1968); Commonwealth ex rel.	1	1
State v. Hudsongreen ri · 1935 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 1963–1963	1	1

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Colorado. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (35)

Case	Cited	Years
Almeida v. Correa green haw · 1970 2 sentences 1973Recognizing that there is a split in authority among other jurisdictions which lend credence to the reasoning by the Court of Appeals, we are persuaded that the better reasoned doctrine is as announced by the Supreme Court of Hawaii in Almeida v. Correa, 51 Haw. 594 , 465 P.2d 564 (1970). 1973Recognizing that there is a split in authority among other jurisdictions which lend credence to the reasoning by the Court of Appeals, we are persuaded that the better reasoned doctrine is as announced by the Supreme Court of Hawaii in Almeida v. Correa, 51 Haw. 594 , 465 P.2d 564 (1970).	3	1973–1973
Hans v. Louisiana green · 1890 2 sentences 2002Hans, 134 U.S. at 11-12 , 10 S.Ct. 504 . 2002Hans, 134 U.S. at 11-12 , 10 S.Ct. 504 .	1	2002–2002
Fidelity Bond & Mortgage Co. v. Paul green colo · 1931 2 sentences 1993Cf. Fidelity Bond & Mortgage Co. v. Paul, 90 Colo. 94 , 6 P.2d 462 (1931) (lease terminates upon foreclosure sale). 1993Cf. Fidelity Bond & Mortgage Co. v. Paul, 90 Colo. 94 , 6 P.2d 462 (1931) (lease terminates upon foreclosure sale).	1	1993–1993
220 West 42 Associates v. Ronbet Newmark Co. green nyappdiv · 1976 2 sentences 1993The court reasoned that this rule of law “comports with basic notions of priorities and notice.” Accord 220 West 4.2 Associates v. Ronbet Newmark Co., 53 A.D.2d 829 , 385 N.Y.S.2d 304 (1976) (lease subordinate to existing and future mortgages and thus extinguished by foreclosure sale). 1993The court reasoned that this rule of law “comports with basic notions of priorities and notice.” Accord 220 West 4.2 Associates v. Ronbet Newmark Co., 53 A.D.2d 829 , 385 N.Y.S.2d 304 (1976) (lease subordinate to existing and future mortgages and thus extinguished by foreclosure sale).	1	1993–1993
Fenton v. SAIF Corp. neutral orctapp · 1987 1 sentence 1993See Kodiak Oilfield Haulers v. Adams, 777 P.2d 1145 (Alaska 1989); Preway, Inc. v. Davis, 22 Ark.App. 132 , 736 S.W.2d 21 (1987); Laines v. Workmen’s Compensation Appeals Board, 48 Cal.App.3d 872 , 122 Cal. Rptr. 139 (1975); Little Caesar’s Pizza v. Ingersoll, 572 So.2d 8 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App. 1990); Taylor v. Centex Construction Co., 191 Kan. 130 , 379 P.2d 217 (1963); Case of McElroy, 397 Mass. 743 , 494 N.E.2d 1 (1986); Font v. New York City Board of Education, 170 A.D.2d 928 , 566 N.Y.S.2d 754 (1991); Fenton v. SAIF Corp., 87 Or.	1	1993–1993
Font v. New York City Board of Education green nyappdiv · 1991 2 sentences 1993See Kodiak Oilfield Haulers v. Adams, 777 P.2d 1145 (Alaska 1989); Preway, Inc. v. Davis, 22 Ark.App. 132 , 736 S.W.2d 21 (1987); Laines v. Workmen’s Compensation Appeals Board, 48 Cal.App.3d 872 , 122 Cal. Rptr. 139 (1975); Little Caesar’s Pizza v. Ingersoll, 572 So.2d 8 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App. 1990); Taylor v. Centex Construction Co., 191 Kan. 130 , 379 P.2d 217 (1963); Case of McElroy, 397 Mass. 743 , 494 N.E.2d 1 (1986); Font v. New York City Board of Education, 170 A.D.2d 928 , 566 N.Y.S.2d 754 (1991); Fenton v. SAIF Corp., 87 Or. 1993See Kodiak Oilfield Haulers v. Adams, 777 P.2d 1145 (Alaska 1989); Preway, Inc. v. Davis, 22 Ark.App. 132 , 736 S.W.2d 21 (1987); Laines v. Workmen’s Compensation Appeals Board, 48 Cal.App.3d 872 , 122 Cal. Rptr. 139 (1975); Little Caesar’s Pizza v. Ingersoll, 572 So.2d 8 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App. 1990); Taylor v. Centex Construction Co., 191 Kan. 130 , 379 P.2d 217 (1963); Case of McElroy, 397 Mass. 743 , 494 N.E.2d 1 (1986); Font v. New York City Board of Education, 170 A.D.2d 928 , 566 N.Y.S.2d 754 (1991); Fenton v. SAIF Corp., 87 Or.	1	1993–1993
Preway, Inc. v. Davis green arkctapp · 1987 2 sentences 1993See Kodiak Oilfield Haulers v. Adams, 777 P.2d 1145 (Alaska 1989); Preway, Inc. v. Davis, 22 Ark.App. 132 , 736 S.W.2d 21 (1987); Laines v. Workmen’s Compensation Appeals Board, 48 Cal.App.3d 872 , 122 Cal. Rptr. 139 (1975); Little Caesar’s Pizza v. Ingersoll, 572 So.2d 8 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App. 1990); Taylor v. Centex Construction Co., 191 Kan. 130 , 379 P.2d 217 (1963); Case of McElroy, 397 Mass. 743 , 494 N.E.2d 1 (1986); Font v. New York City Board of Education, 170 A.D.2d 928 , 566 N.Y.S.2d 754 (1991); Fenton v. SAIF Corp., 87 Or. 1993See Kodiak Oilfield Haulers v. Adams, 777 P.2d 1145 (Alaska 1989); Preway, Inc. v. Davis, 22 Ark.App. 132 , 736 S.W.2d 21 (1987); Laines v. Workmen’s Compensation Appeals Board, 48 Cal.App.3d 872 , 122 Cal. Rptr. 139 (1975); Little Caesar’s Pizza v. Ingersoll, 572 So.2d 8 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App. 1990); Taylor v. Centex Construction Co., 191 Kan. 130 , 379 P.2d 217 (1963); Case of McElroy, 397 Mass. 743 , 494 N.E.2d 1 (1986); Font v. New York City Board of Education, 170 A.D.2d 928 , 566 N.Y.S.2d 754 (1991); Fenton v. SAIF Corp., 87 Or.	1	1993–1993
Taylor v. Centex Construction Co. green kan · 1963 2 sentences 1993See Kodiak Oilfield Haulers v. Adams, 777 P.2d 1145 (Alaska 1989); Preway, Inc. v. Davis, 22 Ark.App. 132 , 736 S.W.2d 21 (1987); Laines v. Workmen’s Compensation Appeals Board, 48 Cal.App.3d 872 , 122 Cal. Rptr. 139 (1975); Little Caesar’s Pizza v. Ingersoll, 572 So.2d 8 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App. 1990); Taylor v. Centex Construction Co., 191 Kan. 130 , 379 P.2d 217 (1963); Case of McElroy, 397 Mass. 743 , 494 N.E.2d 1 (1986); Font v. New York City Board of Education, 170 A.D.2d 928 , 566 N.Y.S.2d 754 (1991); Fenton v. SAIF Corp., 87 Or. 1993See Kodiak Oilfield Haulers v. Adams, 777 P.2d 1145 (Alaska 1989); Preway, Inc. v. Davis, 22 Ark.App. 132 , 736 S.W.2d 21 (1987); Laines v. Workmen’s Compensation Appeals Board, 48 Cal.App.3d 872 , 122 Cal. Rptr. 139 (1975); Little Caesar’s Pizza v. Ingersoll, 572 So.2d 8 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App. 1990); Taylor v. Centex Construction Co., 191 Kan. 130 , 379 P.2d 217 (1963); Case of McElroy, 397 Mass. 743 , 494 N.E.2d 1 (1986); Font v. New York City Board of Education, 170 A.D.2d 928 , 566 N.Y.S.2d 754 (1991); Fenton v. SAIF Corp., 87 Or.	1	1993–1993
McElroy's Case green mass · 1986 2 sentences 1993See Kodiak Oilfield Haulers v. Adams, 777 P.2d 1145 (Alaska 1989); Preway, Inc. v. Davis, 22 Ark.App. 132 , 736 S.W.2d 21 (1987); Laines v. Workmen’s Compensation Appeals Board, 48 Cal.App.3d 872 , 122 Cal. Rptr. 139 (1975); Little Caesar’s Pizza v. Ingersoll, 572 So.2d 8 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App. 1990); Taylor v. Centex Construction Co., 191 Kan. 130 , 379 P.2d 217 (1963); Case of McElroy, 397 Mass. 743 , 494 N.E.2d 1 (1986); Font v. New York City Board of Education, 170 A.D.2d 928 , 566 N.Y.S.2d 754 (1991); Fenton v. SAIF Corp., 87 Or. 1993See Kodiak Oilfield Haulers v. Adams, 777 P.2d 1145 (Alaska 1989); Preway, Inc. v. Davis, 22 Ark.App. 132 , 736 S.W.2d 21 (1987); Laines v. Workmen’s Compensation Appeals Board, 48 Cal.App.3d 872 , 122 Cal. Rptr. 139 (1975); Little Caesar’s Pizza v. Ingersoll, 572 So.2d 8 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App. 1990); Taylor v. Centex Construction Co., 191 Kan. 130 , 379 P.2d 217 (1963); Case of McElroy, 397 Mass. 743 , 494 N.E.2d 1 (1986); Font v. New York City Board of Education, 170 A.D.2d 928 , 566 N.Y.S.2d 754 (1991); Fenton v. SAIF Corp., 87 Or.	1	1993–1993
Laines v. Workmen's Compensation Appeals Board green calctapp · 1975 2 sentences 1993See Kodiak Oilfield Haulers v. Adams, 777 P.2d 1145 (Alaska 1989); Preway, Inc. v. Davis, 22 Ark.App. 132 , 736 S.W.2d 21 (1987); Laines v. Workmen’s Compensation Appeals Board, 48 Cal.App.3d 872 , 122 Cal. Rptr. 139 (1975); Little Caesar’s Pizza v. Ingersoll, 572 So.2d 8 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App. 1990); Taylor v. Centex Construction Co., 191 Kan. 130 , 379 P.2d 217 (1963); Case of McElroy, 397 Mass. 743 , 494 N.E.2d 1 (1986); Font v. New York City Board of Education, 170 A.D.2d 928 , 566 N.Y.S.2d 754 (1991); Fenton v. SAIF Corp., 87 Or. 1993See Kodiak Oilfield Haulers v. Adams, 777 P.2d 1145 (Alaska 1989); Preway, Inc. v. Davis, 22 Ark.App. 132 , 736 S.W.2d 21 (1987); Laines v. Workmen’s Compensation Appeals Board, 48 Cal.App.3d 872 , 122 Cal. Rptr. 139 (1975); Little Caesar’s Pizza v. Ingersoll, 572 So.2d 8 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App. 1990); Taylor v. Centex Construction Co., 191 Kan. 130 , 379 P.2d 217 (1963); Case of McElroy, 397 Mass. 743 , 494 N.E.2d 1 (1986); Font v. New York City Board of Education, 170 A.D.2d 928 , 566 N.Y.S.2d 754 (1991); Fenton v. SAIF Corp., 87 Or.	1	1993–1993
Moore v. 1600 Downing Street, Ltd. green coloctapp · 1983 1 sentence 1993And, applying Moore v. 1600 Doming Street, Ltd., 668 P.2d 16 (Colo.App.1983), the court reasoned that the rule of the law of the case is a discretionary rule of practice based on the policy that once an issue is decided that should be the end of the matter, but that it was inapplicable here since there was new evidence before the court.	1	1993–1993
Little Caesar's Pizza v. Ingersoll green fladistctapp · 1990 1 sentence 1993See Kodiak Oilfield Haulers v. Adams, 777 P.2d 1145 (Alaska 1989); Preway, Inc. v. Davis, 22 Ark.App. 132 , 736 S.W.2d 21 (1987); Laines v. Workmen’s Compensation Appeals Board, 48 Cal.App.3d 872 , 122 Cal. Rptr. 139 (1975); Little Caesar’s Pizza v. Ingersoll, 572 So.2d 8 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App. 1990); Taylor v. Centex Construction Co., 191 Kan. 130 , 379 P.2d 217 (1963); Case of McElroy, 397 Mass. 743 , 494 N.E.2d 1 (1986); Font v. New York City Board of Education, 170 A.D.2d 928 , 566 N.Y.S.2d 754 (1991); Fenton v. SAIF Corp., 87 Or.	1	1993–1993
Donald M. Wingate v. Louie L. Wainwright, Director, Division of Corrections, Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services, State of Florida green ca5 · 1972 1 sentence 1983Otherwise a person could never remove himself from the blight and suspicious aura which surround an accusation that he is guilty of a specific crime.” We conclude that the better reasoned rule is that of Wingate v. Wainwright, supra, and therefore adopt it.	1	1983–1983
Gilligan, Will & Co., a Partnership, and James Gilligan and William Will v. Securities and Exchange Commission green ca2 · 1959 1 sentence 1977There the court held that in a direct criminal prosecution or in a proceeding for injunctive relief, it is "sufficient to show that the act of selling unregistered stock was willful and intentional, without the necessity of showing evil purpose or bad motive with specific intent to violate the law . . .." See also Nees v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 414 F.2d 211 (9th Cir. 1969); Tager v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 344 F.2d 5 (2d Cir. 1965); Gilligan, Will & Co. v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 267 F.2d 461 (2d Cir. 1959), cert. denied, 361 U.S. 896 , 80 S.Ct. 200 , 4 L.Ed.2d 1	1	1977–1977
Sidney Tager v. Securities and Exchange Commission green ca2 · 1965 1 sentence 1977There the court held that in a direct criminal prosecution or in a proceeding for injunctive relief, it is "sufficient to show that the act of selling unregistered stock was willful and intentional, without the necessity of showing evil purpose or bad motive with specific intent to violate the law . . .." See also Nees v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 414 F.2d 211 (9th Cir. 1969); Tager v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 344 F.2d 5 (2d Cir. 1965); Gilligan, Will & Co. v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 267 F.2d 461 (2d Cir. 1959), cert. denied, 361 U.S. 896 , 80 S.Ct. 200 , 4 L.Ed.2d 1	1	1977–1977
United States v. Custer Channel Wing Corporation and Willard R. Custer green ca4 · 1967 1 sentence 1977We believe the better reasoned rule to be that enunciated in United States v. Custer Channel Wing Corp., supra .	1	1977–1977
Fed. Sec. L. Rep. P 92,455 Robert W. Nees v. Securities and Exchange Commission, William Reigel v. Securities and Exchange Commission green ca9 · 1969 1 sentence 1977There the court held that in a direct criminal prosecution or in a proceeding for injunctive relief, it is "sufficient to show that the act of selling unregistered stock was willful and intentional, without the necessity of showing evil purpose or bad motive with specific intent to violate the law . . .." See also Nees v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 414 F.2d 211 (9th Cir. 1969); Tager v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 344 F.2d 5 (2d Cir. 1965); Gilligan, Will & Co. v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 267 F.2d 461 (2d Cir. 1959), cert. denied, 361 U.S. 896 , 80 S.Ct. 200 , 4 L.Ed.2d 1	1	1977–1977
Leatherhide Industries, Inc. v. Lieberman green scotus · 1959 1 sentence 1977There the court held that in a direct criminal prosecution or in a proceeding for injunctive relief, it is "sufficient to show that the act of selling unregistered stock was willful and intentional, without the necessity of showing evil purpose or bad motive with specific intent to violate the law . . .." See also Nees v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 414 F.2d 211 (9th Cir. 1969); Tager v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 344 F.2d 5 (2d Cir. 1965); Gilligan, Will & Co. v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 267 F.2d 461 (2d Cir. 1959), cert. denied, 361 U.S. 896 , 80 S.Ct. 200 , 4 L.Ed.2d 1	1	1977–1977
Gilligan v. Securities & Exchange Commission green scotus · 1959 1 sentence 1977There the court held that in a direct criminal prosecution or in a proceeding for injunctive relief, it is "sufficient to show that the act of selling unregistered stock was willful and intentional, without the necessity of showing evil purpose or bad motive with specific intent to violate the law . . .." See also Nees v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 414 F.2d 211 (9th Cir. 1969); Tager v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 344 F.2d 5 (2d Cir. 1965); Gilligan, Will & Co. v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 267 F.2d 461 (2d Cir. 1959), cert. denied, 361 U.S. 896 , 80 S.Ct. 200 , 4 L.Ed.2d 1	1	1977–1977
General Houses, Inc. v. Reconstruction Finance Corp. green scotus · 1959 1 sentence 1977There the court held that in a direct criminal prosecution or in a proceeding for injunctive relief, it is "sufficient to show that the act of selling unregistered stock was willful and intentional, without the necessity of showing evil purpose or bad motive with specific intent to violate the law . . .." See also Nees v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 414 F.2d 211 (9th Cir. 1969); Tager v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 344 F.2d 5 (2d Cir. 1965); Gilligan, Will & Co. v. Securities & Exchange Commission, 267 F.2d 461 (2d Cir. 1959), cert. denied, 361 U.S. 896 , 80 S.Ct. 200 , 4 L.Ed.2d 1	1	1977–1977
Thomas J. Bullock, III v. State of Mississippi, Joe Patterson, Attorney General, State Board of Parole, United States of America green ca5 · 1968 2 sentences 1976See Williams v. Dept. of Corrections, 438 F.2d 78 (9th Cir. 1971); Bullock v. Mississippi, 404 F.2d 75 (5th Cir. 1968); Commonwealth ex rel. 1976See Williams v. Dept. of Corrections, 438 F.2d 78 (9th Cir. 1971); Bullock v. Mississippi, 404 F.2d 75 (5th Cir. 1968); Commonwealth ex rel.	1	1976–1976
Publicker v. Shallcross green ca3 · 1939 1 sentence 1975Marshall v. Holmes, 141 U.S. 589 , 12 S.Ct. 62 , 35 L.Ed. 870 ; Publicker v. Shallcross, 106 F.2d 949 (3rd Cir.), cert. denied, 308 U.S. 624 , 60 S.Ct. 379 , 84 L.Ed. 521 . [1] Nevertheless, Colorado apparently does not permit the setting aside of a fraudulently obtained judgment after the expiration of rights under C.R.C.P. 60(b)(2), if the same was the result of intrinsic as opposed to extrinsic fraud.	1	1975–1975
Marshall v. Holmes green scotus · 1891	1	1975–1975
Anglo California National Bank v. Lazard green scotus · 1940 1 sentence 1975Marshall v. Holmes, 141 U.S. 589 , 12 S.Ct. 62 , 35 L.Ed. 870 ; Publicker v. Shallcross, 106 F.2d 949 (3rd Cir.), cert. denied, 308 U.S. 624 , 60 S.Ct. 379 , 84 L.Ed. 521 . [1] Nevertheless, Colorado apparently does not permit the setting aside of a fraudulently obtained judgment after the expiration of rights under C.R.C.P. 60(b)(2), if the same was the result of intrinsic as opposed to extrinsic fraud.	1	1975–1975
Publicker v. Shallcross green scotus · 1940 1 sentence 1975Marshall v. Holmes, 141 U.S. 589 , 12 S.Ct. 62 , 35 L.Ed. 870 ; Publicker v. Shallcross, 106 F.2d 949 (3rd Cir.), cert. denied, 308 U.S. 624 , 60 S.Ct. 379 , 84 L.Ed. 521 . [1] Nevertheless, Colorado apparently does not permit the setting aside of a fraudulently obtained judgment after the expiration of rights under C.R.C.P. 60(b)(2), if the same was the result of intrinsic as opposed to extrinsic fraud.	1	1975–1975
Osborn v. LAKE WN. SCH. DIST. neutral washctapp · 1969	1	1972–1972
cluster 237303 green ca5 · 1955	1	1972–1972
Ryan v. International Harvester Co. of America green minn · 1938	1	1972–1972
Peterson v. Hansen-Niederhauser, Inc. neutral utah · 1962	1	1972–1972
Gillette Motor Transport, Inc. v. Kirby neutral okla · 1952	1	1972–1972
Harriman v. Pullman Palace-Car Co. neutral ca8 · 1898	1	1972–1972
City of Junction City v. Blades neutral kanctapp · 1895	1	1972–1972
City of Salina v. Wait neutral · 1895	1	1972–1972
López Santos v. Superior Court of Puerto Rico neutral prsupreme · 1970	1	1961–1961
Rude v. People neutral colo · 1908	1	1961–1961

Where else courts name it

CA 98 (1975–2026) IL 47 (1975–2026) NY 43 (1965–2025) WA 36 (1970–2022) TX 35 (1967–2023) FL 34 (1977–2023) DC 31 (1978–2021) NJ 25 (1981–2025) MD 21 (1980–2021) CT 21 (1984–2021) AL 21 (1978–2026) ND 19 (1968–2019) CO 18 (1961–2008) IN 18 (1963–2020) KS 17 (1960–2024) PA 17 (1975–2026) WI 16 (1987–2025) OH 16 (1978–2023) MI 15 (1974–2023) UT 15 (1980–2026) NC 14 (1979–2022) AZ 13 (1966–2023) TN 13 (1956–2025) ID 12 (1936–2026) LA 11 (1960–2009) MA 11 (1983–2026) MO 10 (1967–2013) MN 9 (1984–2024) MT 9 (1939–2010) OR 9 (1987–2020) VA 9 (1968–2016) NM 8 (1979–2022) MS 8 (1961–2025) RI 7 (1982–2019) AR 6 (1997–2018) WV 6 (1941–2015) WY 6 (1982–2004) SC 5 (1990–2020) KY 5 (2001–2025) AK 4 (1980–2022) IA 4 (1976–2018) ME 4 (1971–2021) OK 4 (1967–2024) GA 3 (1989–2011) SD 3 (1976–2006) NE 3 (1988–1995) VT 3 (1988–2024) HI 2 (1987–2016) DE 2 (1974–2022)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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