meaningful defense (Colorado) · Go Syfert
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meaningful defense in Colorado

13 Colorado opinions name it 2 courts 1988–2025 2 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Colorado courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (18)

CaseFollowedCited
Clayton v. Gibsongreen
ca10 · 1999 · cited in 2 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2000–2018
2 sentences

2018See, e.g., State v. Bostwick, 988 P.2d 765, 772-73 (Mont. 1999); see also Odle v. Woodford, 238 F.3d 1084, 1090 (9th Cir. 2001) (discussing, in the context of defendant’s request for habeas corpus relief, the 11 propriety of allowing the state court to cure its omission of a competency hearing by conducting one retroactively if the record contained sufficient evidence to make one feasible); People v. Ary, 246 P.3d 322, 329 (Cal. 2011). ¶ 21 “Retrospective competency hearings are generally ‘disfavored’ but are ‘permissible whenever a court can conduct a meaningful hearing to evaluate retrospect

2000Clayton v. Gibson, 199 F.3d 1162 (10th Cir.1999).

12
People v. Arnoldgreen
colo · 1974 · cited in 2 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 1988–1988
2 sentences

1988People v. Arnold, 186 Colo. 372 , 527 P.2d 806 (1974).

1988People v. Arnold, 186 Colo. 372 , 527 P.2d 806 (1974).

12
v. Sausergreen
coloctapp · 2021 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025See People v. Sauser, 2020 COA 174, ¶ 57 .

11
People v. Brooksgreen
coloctapp · 2010 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025See People v. Brooks, 250 P.3d 771, 772 (Colo. App. 2010). 3 could challenge the constitutionality of his convictions.

11
State v. Bostwickgreen
mont · 1999 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
1 sentence

2018See, e.g., State v. Bostwick, 988 P.2d 765, 772-73 (Mont. 1999); see also Odle v. Woodford, 238 F.3d 1084, 1090 (9th Cir. 2001) (discussing, in the context of defendant’s request for habeas corpus relief, the 11 propriety of allowing the state court to cure its omission of a competency hearing by conducting one retroactively if the record contained sufficient evidence to make one feasible); People v. Ary, 246 P.3d 322, 329 (Cal. 2011). ¶ 21 “Retrospective competency hearings are generally ‘disfavored’ but are ‘permissible whenever a court can conduct a meaningful hearing to evaluate retrospect

11
Pate v. Robinsongreen
scotus · 1966 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
1 sentence

2018See, e.g., State v. Bostwick, 988 P.2d 765, 772-73 (Mont. 1999); see also Odle v. Woodford, 238 F.3d 1084, 1090 (9th Cir. 2001) (discussing, in the context of defendant’s request for habeas corpus relief, the 11 propriety of allowing the state court to cure its omission of a competency hearing by conducting one retroactively if the record contained sufficient evidence to make one feasible); People v. Ary, 246 P.3d 322, 329 (Cal. 2011). ¶ 21 “Retrospective competency hearings are generally ‘disfavored’ but are ‘permissible whenever a court can conduct a meaningful hearing to evaluate retrospect

11
People v. Pendletongreen
coloctapp · 2015 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
1 sentence

2018See, e.g., State v. Bostwick, 988 P.2d 765, 772-73 (Mont. 1999); see also Odle v. Woodford, 238 F.3d 1084, 1090 (9th Cir. 2001) (discussing, in the context of defendant’s request for habeas corpus relief, the 11 propriety of allowing the state court to cure its omission of a competency hearing by conducting one retroactively if the record contained sufficient evidence to make one feasible); People v. Ary, 246 P.3d 322, 329 (Cal. 2011). ¶ 21 “Retrospective competency hearings are generally ‘disfavored’ but are ‘permissible whenever a court can conduct a meaningful hearing to evaluate retrospect

11
Montclair Parkowners Association Hacienda Mobile Home Estates v. City of Montclair, a Municipal Corporationgreen
ca9 · 2001 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
1 sentence

2018See, e.g., State v. Bostwick, 988 P.2d 765, 772-73 (Mont. 1999); see also Odle v. Woodford, 238 F.3d 1084, 1090 (9th Cir. 2001) (discussing, in the context of defendant’s request for habeas corpus relief, the 11 propriety of allowing the state court to cure its omission of a competency hearing by conducting one retroactively if the record contained sufficient evidence to make one feasible); People v. Ary, 246 P.3d 322, 329 (Cal. 2011). ¶ 21 “Retrospective competency hearings are generally ‘disfavored’ but are ‘permissible whenever a court can conduct a meaningful hearing to evaluate retrospect

11
Billy Keith McGregor v. Gary Gibson, Warden, Oklahoma State Penitentiarygreen
ca10 · 2001 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
1 sentence

2018See, e.g., State v. Bostwick, 988 P.2d 765, 772-73 (Mont. 1999); see also Odle v. Woodford, 238 F.3d 1084, 1090 (9th Cir. 2001) (discussing, in the context of defendant’s request for habeas corpus relief, the 11 propriety of allowing the state court to cure its omission of a competency hearing by conducting one retroactively if the record contained sufficient evidence to make one feasible); People v. Ary, 246 P.3d 322, 329 (Cal. 2011). ¶ 21 “Retrospective competency hearings are generally ‘disfavored’ but are ‘permissible whenever a court can conduct a meaningful hearing to evaluate retrospect

11
People v. Arygreen
cal · 2011 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
1 sentence

2018See, e.g., State v. Bostwick, 988 P.2d 765, 772-73 (Mont. 1999); see also Odle v. Woodford, 238 F.3d 1084, 1090 (9th Cir. 2001) (discussing, in the context of defendant’s request for habeas corpus relief, the 11 propriety of allowing the state court to cure its omission of a competency hearing by conducting one retroactively if the record contained sufficient evidence to make one feasible); People v. Ary, 246 P.3d 322, 329 (Cal. 2011). ¶ 21 “Retrospective competency hearings are generally ‘disfavored’ but are ‘permissible whenever a court can conduct a meaningful hearing to evaluate retrospect

11
People v. Vasquezgreen
coloctapp · 2006 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
1 sentence

2017Because this issue is only relevant in the context of an affirmative defense of self-defense, which was not permitted in this case, we need not resolve the issue. ¶ 34 Insofar as the issue may arise on remand, we offer the following guidance: whether an act of violence or defendant’s discovery of such act is “too remote to create ... an apprehension or fear sufficient to justify the force used by defendant ... is a matter committed to the sound discretion of the trial court.” People v. Vasquez, 148 P.3d 326, 331 (Colo. App. 2006).

11
People v. Flowersgreen
colo · 1982 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2012–2012
1 sentence

2012People v. Flowers, 644 P.2d 916, 918 (Colo.1982).

11
People v. Westendorfgreen
coloctapp · 1975 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010See, e.g., People v. Tucker, 631 P.2d 162, 164 (Colo.1981) (indictment should have been dismissed as vague because it did not allege how the embezzlement was accomplished); People v. Donachy, 196 Colo. 289, 292-93 , 586 P.2d 14, 16-17 (1978) (indictment was fatally defective because it failed to identify the money or property allegedly converted and failed to indicate how the money or property was used); People v. Broncucia, 189 Colo. 334, 336-37 , 540 P.2d 1101, 1103 (1975) (perjury charge was fatally defective because it "failed to set forth with sufficient specificity the falsity of the def

2010See, e.g., People v. Tucker, 631 P.2d 162, 164 (Colo.1981) (indictment should have been dismissed as vague because it did not allege how the embezzlement was accomplished); People v. Donachy, 196 Colo. 289, 292-93 , 586 P.2d 14, 16-17 (1978) (indictment was fatally defective because it failed to identify the money or property allegedly converted and failed to indicate how the money or property was used); People v. Broncucia, 189 Colo. 334, 336-37 , 540 P.2d 1101, 1103 (1975) (perjury charge was fatally defective because it "failed to set forth with sufficient specificity the falsity of the def

11
People v. Donachygreen
colo · 1978 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010See, e.g., People v. Tucker, 631 P.2d 162, 164 (Colo.1981) (indictment should have been dismissed as vague because it did not allege how the embezzlement was accomplished); People v. Donachy, 196 Colo. 289, 292-93 , 586 P.2d 14, 16-17 (1978) (indictment was fatally defective because it failed to identify the money or property allegedly converted and failed to indicate how the money or property was used); People v. Broncucia, 189 Colo. 334, 336-37 , 540 P.2d 1101, 1103 (1975) (perjury charge was fatally defective because it "failed to set forth with sufficient specificity the falsity of the def

2010See, e.g., People v. Tucker, 631 P.2d 162, 164 (Colo.1981) (indictment should have been dismissed as vague because it did not allege how the embezzlement was accomplished); People v. Donachy, 196 Colo. 289, 292-93 , 586 P.2d 14, 16-17 (1978) (indictment was fatally defective because it failed to identify the money or property allegedly converted and failed to indicate how the money or property was used); People v. Broncucia, 189 Colo. 334, 336-37 , 540 P.2d 1101, 1103 (1975) (perjury charge was fatally defective because it "failed to set forth with sufficient specificity the falsity of the def

11
People v. Fuestongreen
coloctapp · 1986 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
1 sentence

2010See, e.g., People v. Tucker, 631 P.2d 162, 164 (Colo.1981) (indictment should have been dismissed as vague because it did not allege how the embezzlement was accomplished); People v. Donachy, 196 Colo. 289, 292-93 , 586 P.2d 14, 16-17 (1978) (indictment was fatally defective because it failed to identify the money or property allegedly converted and failed to indicate how the money or property was used); People v. Broncucia, 189 Colo. 334, 336-37 , 540 P.2d 1101, 1103 (1975) (perjury charge was fatally defective because it "failed to set forth with sufficient specificity the falsity of the def

11
People v. Tuckergreen
colo · 1981 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
1 sentence

2010See, e.g., People v. Tucker, 631 P.2d 162, 164 (Colo.1981) (indictment should have been dismissed as vague because it did not allege how the embezzlement was accomplished); People v. Donachy, 196 Colo. 289, 292-93 , 586 P.2d 14, 16-17 (1978) (indictment was fatally defective because it failed to identify the money or property allegedly converted and failed to indicate how the money or property was used); People v. Broncucia, 189 Colo. 334, 336-37 , 540 P.2d 1101, 1103 (1975) (perjury charge was fatally defective because it "failed to set forth with sufficient specificity the falsity of the def

11
People v. Broncuciagreen
colo · 1975 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010See, e.g., People v. Tucker, 631 P.2d 162, 164 (Colo.1981) (indictment should have been dismissed as vague because it did not allege how the embezzlement was accomplished); People v. Donachy, 196 Colo. 289, 292-93 , 586 P.2d 14, 16-17 (1978) (indictment was fatally defective because it failed to identify the money or property allegedly converted and failed to indicate how the money or property was used); People v. Broncucia, 189 Colo. 334, 336-37 , 540 P.2d 1101, 1103 (1975) (perjury charge was fatally defective because it "failed to set forth with sufficient specificity the falsity of the def

2010See, e.g., People v. Tucker, 631 P.2d 162, 164 (Colo.1981) (indictment should have been dismissed as vague because it did not allege how the embezzlement was accomplished); People v. Donachy, 196 Colo. 289, 292-93 , 586 P.2d 14, 16-17 (1978) (indictment was fatally defective because it failed to identify the money or property allegedly converted and failed to indicate how the money or property was used); People v. Broncucia, 189 Colo. 334, 336-37 , 540 P.2d 1101, 1103 (1975) (perjury charge was fatally defective because it "failed to set forth with sufficient specificity the falsity of the def

11
Thomas Durso v. Charles Rowegreen
ca7 · 1978 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 1991–1991
2 sentences

1991See Durso v. Rowe, 579 F.2d 1365, 1371 (7th Cir.1978) (failure to accord prisoner a meaningful hearing prior to revoking prisoner's work-release program for allegedly violating rules of program violates due process of law).

1991See Durso v. Rowe, 579 F.2d 1365, 1371 (7th Cir.1978) (failure to accord prisoner a meaningful hearing prior to revoking prisoner’s work-release program for allegedly violating rules of program violates due process of law).

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (1)

CaseNegativeCited
Greene v. Stategreen
texapp · 2008 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
1 sentence

2018But see Greene v. State, 264 S.W.3d 271, 273 (Tex. App. 2008) (declining to order a retrospective competency hearing because the defendant had possessed no meaningful level of competency since being convicted). 12 ¶ 22 On remand, the trial court must weigh four factors when considering whether a meaningful retrospective competency hearing can be held: (1) the passage of time, (2) the availability of contemporaneous medical evidence, including medical records and prior competency determinations, (3) defendant’s statements in the trial record, and (4) the availability of individuals and witnesse

11

Also cited on this issue (5)

CaseCitedYears
James v. Illinois green
scotus · 1990
1 sentence

2019It added that to broaden the Walder exception to encompass the impeachment of other defense witnesses would provide an incentive for law enforcement officers to illegally obtain evidence without furthering the truth-seeking function of the court and “dissuade defendants from presenting a meaningful defense through other witnesses.” Id. at 317–20. 2 I respectfully disagree with the majority’s assertion that James unequivocally applies and that only a higher court may conclude otherwise.

12019–2019
Edwards v. State green
ind · 2009
1 sentence

2018See, e.g., State v. Bostwick, 988 P.2d 765, 772-73 (Mont. 1999); see also Odle v. Woodford, 238 F.3d 1084, 1090 (9th Cir. 2001) (discussing, in the context of defendant’s request for habeas corpus relief, the 11 propriety of allowing the state court to cure its omission of a competency hearing by conducting one retroactively if the record contained sufficient evidence to make one feasible); People v. Ary, 246 P.3d 322, 329 (Cal. 2011). ¶ 21 “Retrospective competency hearings are generally ‘disfavored’ but are ‘permissible whenever a court can conduct a meaningful hearing to evaluate retrospect

12018–2018
Miller-El v. Dretke green
scotus · 2005
2 sentences

2015Rodriguez was convicted almost six years ago, and all that is left of his trial are transcripts, verdiet forms, and juror questionnaires. 120 However, the purpose of the Batson analysis is "to ferret out the unconstitutional use of race in jury selection." Miller-El II, 545 U.S. at 266 , 125 S.Ct. 2317 (Breyer, J., concurring).

2015Rodriguez was convicted almost six years ago, and all that is left of his trial are transcripts, verdiet forms, and juror questionnaires. 120 However, the purpose of the Batson analysis is "to ferret out the unconstitutional use of race in jury selection." Miller-El II, 545 U.S. at 266 , 125 S.Ct. 2317 (Breyer, J., concurring).

12015–2015
People v. Salazar green
colo · 2012
2 sentences

2012People v. Salazar, 2012 CO 20, ¶ 17 , 272 P.3d 1067 ("The Constitution guarantees a criminal defendant a meaningful opportunity to present a complete defense.").

2012People v. Salazar, 2012 CO 20, ¶ 17 , 272 P.3d 1067 ("The Constitution guarantees a criminal defendant a meaningful opportunity to present a complete defense.").

12012–2012
People v. Matthews green
coloctapp · 1983
1 sentence

2000Nor do we read Jones v. District Court, supra, or People v. Matthews, supra, to require that a competency hearing be held immediately when the issue of competency is raised during the trial.

12000–2000

Statutes the citing opinions construe

CO § Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-4-102 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

TX 216 (1988–2026) CA 126 (1960–2026) NY 79 (1971–2026) IL 75 (1972–2026) PA 67 (1971–2026) WA 65 (1970–2025) NM 63 (1973–2026) OH 56 (1980–2026) LA 51 (1974–2025) WI 45 (1978–2026) MO 40 (1985–2025) FL 32 (1980–2026) WV 29 (1980–2026) CT 25 (1980–2026) UT 25 (2000–2025) TN 23 (1998–2024) MA 20 (1987–2025) ID 18 (1975–2025) KY 18 (1971–2025) DC 15 (1983–2022) NC 14 (1981–2025) IA 14 (1977–2023) MT 14 (1984–2024) MD 14 (1986–2023) GA 14 (1971–2025) CO 13 (1988–2025) MI 13 (1974–2026) KS 13 (1998–2024) MS 13 (1990–2023) WY 12 (1976–2020) AZ 11 (1982–2025) OK 11 (1976–2017) AK 10 (1981–2024) MN 10 (1987–2016) SC 10 (1992–2025) NJ 10 (1980–2021) AL 9 (1980–2025) HI 8 (1973–2023) IN 8 (1975–2019) ND 8 (1974–2014) OR 7 (1974–2010) AR 7 (1979–2021) RI 6 (1972–2018) NE 6 (1994–2025) NV 5 (1975–2022) DE 4 (1986–2024) SD 4 (1987–1995) VT 3 (2008–2025) NH 2 (2002–2010) VA 2 (2025–2025) VI 2 (2013–2015) ME 2 (2002–2019)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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