version rule in Georgia

10 Georgia opinions name it 2 courts 1972–2024 5 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Georgia courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (11)

Case	Followed	Cited
Merritt v. Stategreen ga · 2021 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024 2 sentences 2024See OCGA § 24-6-622 (“The state of a witness’s feelings towards the parties and the witness’s relationship to the parties may always be proved for the consideration of the jury.”);7 Lloyd v. State, 40 Ga. App. 230, 231 ( 149 SE 174 ) (1929) 7 Because OCGA § 24-6-622 is “a ‘holdover’ from Georgia’s old Evidence Code with no federal counterpart, [we] look[ ] to Georgia cases decided under the former version of that rule – OCGA § 24-9-68 – for guidance.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Merritt v. State, 311 Ga. 875, 880 (3) (a) (i) ( 860 SE2d 455 ) (2021). 13 (“The intent or motive of a witne 2024See OCGA § 24-6-622 (“The state of a witness’s feelings towards the parties and the witness’s relationship to the parties may always be proved for the consideration of the jury.”);7 Lloyd v. State, 40 Ga. App. 230, 231 ( 149 SE 174 ) (1929) 7 Because OCGA § 24-6-622 is “a ‘holdover’ from Georgia’s old Evidence Code with no federal counterpart, [we] look[ ] to Georgia cases decided under the former version of that rule – OCGA § 24-9-68 – for guidance.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Merritt v. State, 311 Ga. 875, 880 (3) (a) (i) ( 860 SE2d 455 ) (2021). 13 (“The intent or motive of a witne	2	2
Hudson v. Michigangreen scotus · 2006 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017 2 sentences 2017See Hudson v. Michigan, 547 U. S. 586, 599 ( 126 SCt 2159 , 165 LE2d 56) (2006); see also United States v. Acosta, 502 F3d 54, 61 (2d Cir. 2007) (exclusionary rule inapplicable to violations of statutory federal knock-and-announce rule), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 1154 ( 128 SCt 1097 , 169 LE2d 831) (2008); United States v. Bruno, 487 F3d 304, 306 (5th Cir. 2007) (same), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 936 ( 128 SCt 336 , 169 LE2d 235) (2007); United States v. Southerland, 466 F3d 1083, 1085-1086 (D.C. 2017See Hudson v. Michigan, 547 U. S. 586, 599 ( 126 SCt 2159 , 165 LE2d 56) (2006); see also United States v. Acosta, 502 F3d 54, 61 (2d Cir. 2007) (exclusionary rule inapplicable to violations of statutory federal knock-and-announce rule), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 1154 ( 128 SCt 1097 , 169 LE2d 831) (2008); United States v. Bruno, 487 F3d 304, 306 (5th Cir. 2007) (same), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 936 ( 128 SCt 336 , 169 LE2d 235) (2007); United States v. Southerland, 466 F3d 1083, 1085-1086 (D.C.	2	2
United States v. Southerland, Vincegreen cadc · 2006 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017 2 sentences 2017See Hudson v. Michigan, 547 U. S. 586, 599 ( 126 SCt 2159 , 165 LE2d 56) (2006); see also United States v. Acosta, 502 F3d 54, 61 (2d Cir. 2007) (exclusionary rule inapplicable to violations of statutory federal knock-and-announce rule), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 1154 ( 128 SCt 1097 , 169 LE2d 831) (2008); United States v. Bruno, 487 F3d 304, 306 (5th Cir. 2007) (same), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 936 ( 128 SCt 336 , 169 LE2d 235) (2007); United States v. Southerland, 466 F3d 1083, 1085-1086 (D.C. 2017See Hudson v. Michigan, 547 U. S. 586, 599 ( 126 SCt 2159 , 165 LE2d 56) (2006); see also United States v. Acosta, 502 F3d 54, 61 (2d Cir. 2007) (exclusionary rule inapplicable to violations of statutory federal knock-and-announce rule), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 1154 ( 128 SCt 1097 , 169 LE2d 831) (2008); United States v. Bruno, 487 F3d 304, 306 (5th Cir. 2007) (same), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 936 ( 128 SCt 336 , 169 LE2d 235) (2007); United States v. Southerland, 466 F3d 1083, 1085-1086 (D.C.	2	2
United States v. Acostagreen ca2 · 2007 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017 2 sentences 2017See Hudson v. Michigan, 547 U. S. 586, 599 ( 126 SCt 2159 , 165 LE2d 56) (2006); see also United States v. Acosta, 502 F3d 54, 61 (2d Cir. 2007) (exclusionary rule inapplicable to violations of statutory federal knock-and-announce rule), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 1154 ( 128 SCt 1097 , 169 LE2d 831) (2008); United States v. Bruno, 487 F3d 304, 306 (5th Cir. 2007) (same), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 936 ( 128 SCt 336 , 169 LE2d 235) (2007); United States v. Southerland, 466 F3d 1083, 1085-1086 (D.C. 2017See Hudson v. Michigan, 547 U. S. 586, 599 ( 126 SCt 2159 , 165 LE2d 56) (2006); see also United States v. Acosta, 502 F3d 54, 61 (2d Cir. 2007) (exclusionary rule inapplicable to violations of statutory federal knock-and-announce rule), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 1154 ( 128 SCt 1097 , 169 LE2d 831) (2008); United States v. Bruno, 487 F3d 304, 306 (5th Cir. 2007) (same), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 936 ( 128 SCt 336 , 169 LE2d 235) (2007); United States v. Southerland, 466 F3d 1083, 1085-1086 (D.C.	2	2
United States v. Caldwellgreen ca5 · 2007 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017 2 sentences 2017See Hudson v. Michigan, 547 U. S. 586, 599 ( 126 SCt 2159 , 165 LE2d 56) (2006); see also United States v. Acosta, 502 F3d 54, 61 (2d Cir. 2007) (exclusionary rule inapplicable to violations of statutory federal knock-and-announce rule), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 1154 ( 128 SCt 1097 , 169 LE2d 831) (2008); United States v. Bruno, 487 F3d 304, 306 (5th Cir. 2007) (same), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 936 ( 128 SCt 336 , 169 LE2d 235) (2007); United States v. Southerland, 466 F3d 1083, 1085-1086 (D.C. 2017See Hudson v. Michigan, 547 U. S. 586, 599 ( 126 SCt 2159 , 165 LE2d 56) (2006); see also United States v. Acosta, 502 F3d 54, 61 (2d Cir. 2007) (exclusionary rule inapplicable to violations of statutory federal knock-and-announce rule), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 1154 ( 128 SCt 1097 , 169 LE2d 831) (2008); United States v. Bruno, 487 F3d 304, 306 (5th Cir. 2007) (same), cert. denied, 552 U. S. 936 ( 128 SCt 336 , 169 LE2d 235) (2007); United States v. Southerland, 466 F3d 1083, 1085-1086 (D.C.	2	2
Lloyd v. Stategreen gactapp · 1929 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024 2 sentences 2024See OCGA § 24-6-622 (“The state of a witness’s feelings towards the parties and the witness’s relationship to the parties may always be proved for the consideration of the jury.”);7 Lloyd v. State, 40 Ga. App. 230, 231 ( 149 SE 174 ) (1929) 7 Because OCGA § 24-6-622 is “a ‘holdover’ from Georgia’s old Evidence Code with no federal counterpart, [we] look[ ] to Georgia cases decided under the former version of that rule – OCGA § 24-9-68 – for guidance.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Merritt v. State, 311 Ga. 875, 880 (3) (a) (i) ( 860 SE2d 455 ) (2021). 13 (“The intent or motive of a witne 2024See OCGA § 24-6-622 (“The state of a witness’s feelings towards the parties and the witness’s relationship to the parties may always be proved for the consideration of the jury.”);7 Lloyd v. State, 40 Ga. App. 230, 231 ( 149 SE 174 ) (1929) 7 Because OCGA § 24-6-622 is “a ‘holdover’ from Georgia’s old Evidence Code with no federal counterpart, [we] look[ ] to Georgia cases decided under the former version of that rule – OCGA § 24-9-68 – for guidance.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Merritt v. State, 311 Ga. 875, 880 (3) (a) (i) ( 860 SE2d 455 ) (2021). 13 (“The intent or motive of a witne	1	1
Cox v. Mayan Lagoon Estates Ltd.green gactapp · 2012 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023 2 sentences 2023See Cox v. Mayan Lagoon Estates, Ltd, 319 Ga. App. 101, 104 (1) (b) ( 734 SE2d 883 ) (2012) (explaining that the purpose of the former version of this rule, OCGA § 24-3-37, was to encourage settlements by allowing parties to make admissions towards compromise). 2023See Cox v. Mayan Lagoon Estates, Ltd, 319 Ga. App. 101, 104 (1) (b) ( 734 SE2d 883 ) (2012) (explaining that the purpose of the former version of this rule, OCGA § 24-3-37, was to encourage settlements by allowing parties to make admissions towards compromise).	1	1
CHRYSLER GROUP LLC v. WALDENgreen ga · 2018 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021 2 sentences 2021As an initial matter, because Rule 622 is a “holdover” from Georgia’s old Evidence Code with no federal counterpart, this Court “look[s] to Georgia cases decided under the former version of that rule — OCGA § 24-9-68 — for guidance.” Chrysler Group v. Walden, 303 Ga. 358, 363 (II) (A) ( 812 SE2d 244 ) (2018). 2021As an initial matter, because Rule 622 is a “holdover” from Georgia’s old Evidence Code with no federal counterpart, this Court “look[s] to Georgia cases decided under the former version of that rule – OCGA § 24-9-68 – for guidance.” Chrysler Grp., LLC v. Walden, 303 Ga. 358, 363 (II) (A) (812 SE2d 244) (2018).	1	1
Tome v. United Statesgreen scotus · 1995 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015 2 sentences 2015The version of that rule that was in effect when OCGA § 24-6-613 was enacted provided that a prior consistent statement was inadmissible hearsay unless it was made by a testifying witness available for cross-examination and was “offered to rebut an express or implied charge against the declarant of recent fabrication or improper influence or motive.” Tome v. United States, 513 U. S. 150, 157 (II) (A) ( 115 SCt 696 , 130 LE2d 574) (1995), citing Fed. 2015The version of that rule that was in effect when OCGA § 24-6-613 was enacted provided that a prior consistent statement was inadmissible hearsay unless it was made by a testifying witness available for cross-examination and was “offered to rebut an express or implied charge against the declarant of recent fabrication or improper influence or motive.” Tome v. United States, 513 U. S. 150, 157 (II) (A) ( 115 SCt 696 , 130 LE2d 574) (1995), citing Fed.	1	1
State v. Causeygreen gactapp · 1994 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997 2 sentences 1997State v. Causey, 215 Ga. App. 85, 86 ( 449 SE2d 639 ) (1994). 1997State v. Causey, 215 Ga. App. 85, 86 ( 449 SE2d 639 ) (1994).	1	1
Alexander v. Stategreen gactapp · 1942 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1972–1972 2 sentences 1972See Alexander v. State, 66 Ga. App. 708, 712 ( 19 SE2d 353 ); Stone v. State, 78 Ga. App. 555 (1) ( 51 SE2d 578 ); Jordan v. State, 78 Ga. App. 879 (2) ( 52 SE2d 505 ). 1972See Alexander v. State, 66 Ga. App. 708, 712 ( 19 SE2d 353 ); Stone v. State, 78 Ga. App. 555 (1) ( 51 SE2d 578 ); Jordan v. State, 78 Ga. App. 879 (2) ( 52 SE2d 505 ).	1	1

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Georgia. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (4)

Case	Cited	Years
Aldrich v. State green ga · 1964 2 sentences 2022We first applied a version of this presumption to the self- incrimination provision in Aldrich v. State, 220 Ga. 132 (137 SE2d 463) (1964). 2022We first applied a version of this presumption to the self- incrimination provision in Aldrich v. State, 220 Ga. 132 (137 SE2d 463) (1964).	1	2022–2022
Chrysler Grp. LLC v. Walden green ga · 2018 2 sentences 2021As an initial matter, because Rule 622 is a “holdover” from Georgia’s old Evidence Code with no federal counterpart, this Court “look[s] to Georgia cases decided under the former version of that rule — OCGA § 24-9-68 — for guidance.” Chrysler Group v. Walden, 303 Ga. 358, 363 (II) (A) ( 812 SE2d 244 ) (2018). 2021As an initial matter, because Rule 622 is a “holdover” from Georgia’s old Evidence Code with no federal counterpart, this Court “look[s] to Georgia cases decided under the former version of that rule – OCGA § 24-9-68 – for guidance.” Chrysler Grp., LLC v. Walden, 303 Ga. 358, 363 (II) (A) (812 SE2d 244) (2018).	1	2021–2021
Jordan v. State green gactapp · 1949 2 sentences 1972See Alexander v. State, 66 Ga. App. 708, 712 ( 19 SE2d 353 ); Stone v. State, 78 Ga. App. 555 (1) ( 51 SE2d 578 ); Jordan v. State, 78 Ga. App. 879 (2) ( 52 SE2d 505 ). 1972See Alexander v. State, 66 Ga. App. 708, 712 ( 19 SE2d 353 ); Stone v. State, 78 Ga. App. 555 (1) ( 51 SE2d 578 ); Jordan v. State, 78 Ga. App. 879 (2) ( 52 SE2d 505 ).	1	1972–1972
Stone v. State green gactapp · 1949 2 sentences 1972See Alexander v. State, 66 Ga. App. 708, 712 ( 19 SE2d 353 ); Stone v. State, 78 Ga. App. 555 (1) ( 51 SE2d 578 ); Jordan v. State, 78 Ga. App. 879 (2) ( 52 SE2d 505 ). 1972See Alexander v. State, 66 Ga. App. 708, 712 ( 19 SE2d 353 ); Stone v. State, 78 Ga. App. 555 (1) ( 51 SE2d 578 ); Jordan v. State, 78 Ga. App. 879 (2) ( 52 SE2d 505 ).	1	1972–1972

Statutes the citing opinions construe

GA § 24-4-403 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 122 (1944–2026) FL 81 (1979–2026) TX 65 (1976–2026) IL 65 (1980–2025) UT 64 (1982–2026) PA 32 (1978–2024) OH 31 (1999–2026) MO 28 (1951–2023) WA 28 (1980–2024) OR 27 (1991–2024) CO 27 (1969–2025) IA 23 (1992–2025) MI 23 (1981–2026) MD 17 (1983–2023) MA 15 (1980–2025) NJ 15 (1976–2024) IN 14 (1975–2024) WI 13 (1980–2023) CT 13 (1992–2025) AK 11 (1990–2025) NY 10 (1965–2025) GA 10 (1972–2024) AZ 9 (1978–2018) NM 9 (1994–2024) KS 8 (1995–2024) WY 8 (1957–2017) DC 8 (1997–2007) ID 7 (1991–2021) MS 6 (1991–2017) ND 6 (2000–2024) NC 6 (2004–2023) KY 5 (2008–2024) LA 5 (1979–2009) AR 5 (2000–2022) MN 4 (2003–2015) WV 3 (2004–2012) TN 3 (1976–2023) AL 3 (2006–2024) OK 3 (2013–2014) VA 3 (2009–2024) SC 2 (1984–1984) HI 2 (1996–1996) NV 2 (2021–2023)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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