retroactivity doctrine in West Virginia

7 West Virginia opinions name it 1 courts 1977–2010 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by West Virginia courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (5)

Case	Followed	Cited
Bradley v. Appalachian Power Co.green wva · 1979 · cited in 1 West Virginia opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010 2 sentences 2010See Bradley v. Appalachian Power Co., 163 W.Va. 332, 347 , 256 S.E.2d 879, 887 (1979) (discussed and applied recently in Caperton v. a.t. [sic] Massey Coal Company, Inc. [ 223 W.Va. 624 ], 679 S.E.2d 223 [ (2008) ][ 8 ]). 12. 2010See Bradley v. Appalachian Power Co., 163 W.Va. 332, 347 , 256 S.E.2d 879, 887 (1979) (discussed and applied recently in Caperton v. a.t. [sic] Massey Coal Company, Inc. [ 223 W.Va. 624 ], 679 S.E.2d 223 [ (2008) ][ 8 ]). 12.	1	1
Caperton v. AT Massey Coal Co., Inc.green wva · 2008 · cited in 1 West Virginia opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010 2 sentences 2010See Bradley v. Appalachian Power Co., 163 W.Va. 332, 347 , 256 S.E.2d 879, 887 (1979) (discussed and applied recently in Caperton v. a.t. [sic] Massey Coal Company, Inc. [ 223 W.Va. 624 ], 679 S.E.2d 223 [ (2008) ][ 8 ]). 12. 2010See Bradley v. Appalachian Power Co., 163 W.Va. 332, 347 , 256 S.E.2d 879, 887 (1979) (discussed and applied recently in Caperton v. a.t. [sic] Massey Coal Company, Inc. [ 223 W.Va. 624 ], 679 S.E.2d 223 [ (2008) ][ 8 ]). 12.	1	1
Cipriano v. City of Houmagreen scotus · 1969 · cited in 1 West Virginia opinions naming this issue, 1986–1986 2 sentences 1986See also Cipriano v. Houma, 395 U.S. 701 , 89 S.Ct. 1897 , 23 L.Ed.2d 647 (1969) (decision holding unconstitutional Louisiana’s property-taxpayer limitation on franchise applied prospectively because retroactivity would impose significant hardship on cities, bondholders, etc.) Numerous state courts have denied state tax refunds in cases where a tax was found unconstitutional. 1986See also Cipriano v. Houma, 395 U.S. 701 , 89 S.Ct. 1897 , 23 L.Ed.2d 647 (1969) (decision holding unconstitutional Louisiana’s property-taxpayer limitation on franchise applied prospectively because retroactivity would impose significant hardship on cities, bondholders, etc.) Numerous state courts have denied state tax refunds in cases where a tax was found unconstitutional.	1	1
Placek v. City of Sterling Heightsgreen mich · 1979 · cited in 1 West Virginia opinions naming this issue, 1979–1979 1 sentence 1979In Kirby v. Larson, 400 Mich. 585, 645 , 256 N.W.2d 400, 429 (1977), the Michigan court limited the applicability of its pure comparative negligence rule “to the present case and to those cases filed after the date of this decision.” However, in Placek v. City of Sterling Heights, 275 N.W.2d 511, 521-22 (Mich. 1979), the court acknowledged *351 that the retroactivity rule of Kirby was too restrictive, and decided to extend complete retroactivity to its pure comparative negligence rule. 23 California, in Li v. Yellow Cab Co., 13 Cal.3d 804 , 119 Cal. Rptr. 858 , 532 P.2d 1226 (1975), accorded r	1	1
Kirby v. Larsongreen mich · 1977 · cited in 1 West Virginia opinions naming this issue, 1979–1979 2 sentences 1979In Kirby v. Larson, 400 Mich. 585, 645 , 256 N.W.2d 400, 429 (1977), the Michigan court limited the applicability of its pure comparative negligence rule “to the present case and to those cases filed after the date of this decision.” However, in Placek v. City of Sterling Heights, 275 N.W.2d 511, 521-22 (Mich. 1979), the court acknowledged 351 that the retroactivity rule of Kirby was too restrictive, and decided to extend complete retroactivity to its pure comparative negligence rule. 23 California, in Li v. Yellow Cab Co., 13 Cal.3d 804 , 119 Cal. Rptr. 858 , 532 P.2d 1226 (1975), accorded r 1979In Kirby v. Larson, 400 Mich. 585, 645 , 256 N.W.2d 400, 429 (1977), the Michigan court limited the applicability of its pure comparative negligence rule “to the present case and to those cases filed after the date of this decision.” However, in Placek v. City of Sterling Heights, 275 N.W.2d 511, 521-22 (Mich. 1979), the court acknowledged 351 that the retroactivity rule of Kirby was too restrictive, and decided to extend complete retroactivity to its pure comparative negligence rule. 23 California, in Li v. Yellow Cab Co., 13 Cal.3d 804 , 119 Cal. Rptr. 858 , 532 P.2d 1226 (1975), accorded r	1	1

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in West Virginia. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (10)

Case	Cited	Years
Corner v. Griffith green wva · 1977 2 sentences 1977Finally, Conner, supra, in note 18, makes the following statement: "Our holding does require that in the future it is constitutionally mandated that credit be given." It should be noted that in each of these cases, the retroactivity doctrine was not raised by the parties, so the Court's expression was dictum. 1977Va., 238 S.E.2d 529 (1977), retroactive, recognized the retroactivity principle set forth in Hankerson v. North Carolina, U.S., 53 L.	2	1977–1977
State v. Manns green wva · 1985 2 sentences 1985See, e.g., State v. Bennett, W.Va., 332 S.E.2d 845 (1985); State v. Fauber, 175 W.Va. 324 , 332 S.E.2d 625 (1985) (per curiam); Matter of Mark E.P., 175 W.Va. 83 , 331 S.E.2d 813 (1985); State v. Manns, 174 W.Va. 793 , 329 S.E.2d 865 (1985); State v. Wyant, 174 W.Va. 567 , 328 S.E.2d 174 (1985) (per curiam). 23 . 1985See, e.g., State v. Bennett, W.Va., 332 S.E.2d 845 (1985); State v. Fauber, 175 W.Va. 324 , 332 S.E.2d 625 (1985) (per curiam); Matter of Mark E.P., 175 W.Va. 83 , 331 S.E.2d 813 (1985); State v. Manns, 174 W.Va. 793 , 329 S.E.2d 865 (1985); State v. Wyant, 174 W.Va. 567 , 328 S.E.2d 174 (1985) (per curiam). 23 .	1	1985–1985
Matter of Mark EP green wva · 1985 2 sentences 1985See, e.g., State v. Bennett, W.Va., 332 S.E.2d 845 (1985); State v. Fauber, 175 W.Va. 324 , 332 S.E.2d 625 (1985) (per curiam); Matter of Mark E.P., 175 W.Va. 83 , 331 S.E.2d 813 (1985); State v. Manns, 174 W.Va. 793 , 329 S.E.2d 865 (1985); State v. Wyant, 174 W.Va. 567 , 328 S.E.2d 174 (1985) (per curiam). 23 . 1985See, e.g., State v. Bennett, W.Va., 332 S.E.2d 845 (1985); State v. Fauber, 175 W.Va. 324 , 332 S.E.2d 625 (1985) (per curiam); Matter of Mark E.P., 175 W.Va. 83 , 331 S.E.2d 813 (1985); State v. Manns, 174 W.Va. 793 , 329 S.E.2d 865 (1985); State v. Wyant, 174 W.Va. 567 , 328 S.E.2d 174 (1985) (per curiam). 23 .	1	1985–1985
State v. Wyant green wva · 1985 2 sentences 1985See, e.g., State v. Bennett, W.Va., 332 S.E.2d 845 (1985); State v. Fauber, 175 W.Va. 324 , 332 S.E.2d 625 (1985) (per curiam); Matter of Mark E.P., 175 W.Va. 83 , 331 S.E.2d 813 (1985); State v. Manns, 174 W.Va. 793 , 329 S.E.2d 865 (1985); State v. Wyant, 174 W.Va. 567 , 328 S.E.2d 174 (1985) (per curiam). 23 . 1985See, e.g., State v. Bennett, W.Va., 332 S.E.2d 845 (1985); State v. Fauber, 175 W.Va. 324 , 332 S.E.2d 625 (1985) (per curiam); Matter of Mark E.P., 175 W.Va. 83 , 331 S.E.2d 813 (1985); State v. Manns, 174 W.Va. 793 , 329 S.E.2d 865 (1985); State v. Wyant, 174 W.Va. 567 , 328 S.E.2d 174 (1985) (per curiam). 23 .	1	1985–1985
State v. Fauber neutral wva · 1985 2 sentences 1985See, e.g., State v. Bennett, W.Va., 332 S.E.2d 845 (1985); State v. Fauber, 175 W.Va. 324 , 332 S.E.2d 625 (1985) (per curiam); Matter of Mark E.P., 175 W.Va. 83 , 331 S.E.2d 813 (1985); State v. Manns, 174 W.Va. 793 , 329 S.E.2d 865 (1985); State v. Wyant, 174 W.Va. 567 , 328 S.E.2d 174 (1985) (per curiam). 23 . 1985See, e.g., State v. Bennett, W.Va., 332 S.E.2d 845 (1985); State v. Fauber, 175 W.Va. 324 , 332 S.E.2d 625 (1985) (per curiam); Matter of Mark E.P., 175 W.Va. 83 , 331 S.E.2d 813 (1985); State v. Manns, 174 W.Va. 793 , 329 S.E.2d 865 (1985); State v. Wyant, 174 W.Va. 567 , 328 S.E.2d 174 (1985) (per curiam). 23 .	1	1985–1985
Linkletter v. Walker red scotus · 1965 2 sentences 1983In Bowman , after an extensive historical survey of United States Supreme Court precedent, we utilized the retroactivity doctrine as set forth in Linkletter v. Walker, 381 U.S. 618 , 85 S.Ct. 1731 , 14 L.Ed.2d 601 (1965), and its progeny. 1983In Bowman , after an extensive historical survey of United States Supreme Court precedent, we utilized the retroactivity doctrine as set forth in Linkletter v. Walker, 381 U.S. 618 , 85 S.Ct. 1731 , 14 L.Ed.2d 601 (1965), and its progeny.	1	1983–1983
Bowman v. Leverette green wva · 1982 2 sentences 1983Review of the cases that followed Linkletter revealed that “[generally, in all those cases the test has been essentially the same_” Bowman, 169 W.Va. at 604 , 289 S.E.2d at 444 . 1983Review of the cases that followed Linkletter revealed that “[generally, in all those cases the test has been essentially the same_” Bowman, 169 W.Va. at 604 , 289 S.E.2d at 444 .	1	1983–1983
Nga Li v. Yellow Cab Co. green cal · 1975 2 sentences 1979In Kirby v. Larson, 400 Mich. 585, 645 , 256 N.W.2d 400, 429 (1977), the Michigan court limited the applicability of its pure comparative negligence rule “to the present case and to those cases filed after the date of this decision.” However, in Placek v. City of Sterling Heights, 275 N.W.2d 511, 521-22 (Mich. 1979), the court acknowledged 351 that the retroactivity rule of Kirby was too restrictive, and decided to extend complete retroactivity to its pure comparative negligence rule. 23 California, in Li v. Yellow Cab Co., 13 Cal.3d 804 , 119 Cal. Rptr. 858 , 532 P.2d 1226 (1975), accorded r 1979In Kirby v. Larson, 400 Mich. 585, 645 , 256 N.W.2d 400, 429 (1977), the Michigan court limited the applicability of its pure comparative negligence rule “to the present case and to those cases filed after the date of this decision.” However, in Placek v. City of Sterling Heights, 275 N.W.2d 511, 521-22 (Mich. 1979), the court acknowledged 351 that the retroactivity rule of Kirby was too restrictive, and decided to extend complete retroactivity to its pure comparative negligence rule. 23 California, in Li v. Yellow Cab Co., 13 Cal.3d 804 , 119 Cal. Rptr. 858 , 532 P.2d 1226 (1975), accorded r	1	1979–1979
Adkins v. Leverette green wva · 1977 1 sentence 1979Furthermore, in the criminal area where federal constitutional rights are involved, as we observed in Adkins , it is likely that “the Supreme Court’s retroactivity rule is binding on the states.” [ 239 S.E.2d at 499 ] In the present case, we are confronted with fashioning a retroactivity rule in regard to a civil case.	1	1979–1979
Hankerson v. North Carolina green scotus · 1977 2 sentences 1977Va., 238 S.E.2d 529 (1977), retroactive, recognized the retroactivity principle set forth in Hankerson v. North Carolina, U.S., 53 L. 1977Ed. 2d 306 , 97 S. Ct. 2339 (1977), that principle being that where the purpose of a new constitutional doctrine is to overcome an aspect of the criminal trial that substantially impairs its truth-finding function, neither good faith reliance on the old law nor severe impact on administrative justice will preclude retroactive application.	1	1977–1977

Where else courts name it

CA 92 (1967–2026) IL 88 (1991–2024) OH 80 (1996–2024) NJ 54 (1978–2026) TX 44 (1979–2026) FL 43 (1996–2025) WA 38 (1983–2023) NY 37 (1990–2026) MI 34 (1976–2025) PA 34 (1976–2025) MD 23 (1979–2025) IN 18 (1980–2008) OR 16 (1967–2023) ID 15 (1980–2023) AZ 15 (1984–2019) MT 13 (2001–2025) CT 13 (1985–2023) MA 12 (1980–2026) CO 11 (1982–2025) TN 11 (1990–2025) WI 11 (1975–2014) MN 10 (2006–2025) KS 9 (2001–2022) NV 9 (1982–2021) NM 8 (1994–2024) NC 8 (1971–2025) WV 7 (1977–2010) DC 7 (1983–2018) IA 6 (1993–2020) LA 5 (1987–2020) VT 5 (2007–2018) MO 4 (2011–2019) DE 4 (1990–2026) ME 4 (1983–2025) HI 4 (2000–2015) RI 3 (1985–2016) AK 3 (2006–2022) MS 3 (1987–2015) UT 3 (1983–2020) WY 2 (2014–2014) SC 2 (1986–1989) OK 2 (2010–2021) GA 2 (1987–1995) NE 2 (2014–2018) NH 2 (2007–2014) VA 2 (2017–2021)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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