Hill standard (Missouri) · Go Syfert
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Hill standard in Missouri

20 Missouri opinions name it 2 courts 1953–2025 3 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Missouri courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (18)

CaseFollowedCited
State v. Kendrickgreen
moctapp · 2018 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024Further, for Hill’s claim of self-defense, “[d]eadly force is only justifiable when the defendant reasonably believes that such deadly force is necessary to protect himself from death, serious physical injury, or any forcible felony.” Kendrick, 550 S.W.3d at 124 (alteration in original) (quoting Bruner, 541 S.W.3d at 538 ).

11
Armour v. Stategreen
moctapp · 1987 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
2 sentences

2023Armour v. State, 741 S.W.2d 683, 689 (Mo. App. E.D. 1987) (holding plea counsel’s failure to investigate a witness did not prejudice the movant because the purported evidence from the witnesses’ testimonies would not have affected counsel’s plea recommendation). 9 Movant did not demonstrate prejudice under his claim of ineffectiveness of counsel because he did not show a reasonable probability he would have insisted on going to trial had plea counsel investigated Copeland or the security video.

2023Armour v. State, 741 S.W.2d 683, 689 (Mo. App. E.D. 1987) (holding plea counsel’s failure to investigate a witness did not prejudice the movant because the purported evidence from the witnesses’ testimonies would not have affected counsel’s plea recommendation). 9 Movant did not demonstrate prejudice under his claim of ineffectiveness of counsel because he did not show a reasonable probability he would have insisted on going to trial had plea counsel investigated Copeland or the security video.

11
Barry v. Stategreen
moctapp · 2013 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
2 sentences

2015As this Court clearly indicated in Barry v. State, 404 S.W.3d 338, 344 (Mo.App.S.D.2013), “a challenge to the sufficiency of an information is not a cognizable claim in a post-conviction relief proceeding ... [where] Movant’s claim could (and therefore should) have been raised on direct appeal.” Id. at 345 .

2015As this Court clearly indicated in Barry v. State, 404 S.W.3d 338, 344 (Mo.App.S.D.2013), “a challenge to the sufficiency of an information is not a cognizable claim in a post-conviction relief proceeding ... [where] Movant’s claim could (and therefore should) have been raised on direct appeal.” Id. at 345 .

11
ITT Commercial Finance Corp. v. Mid-America Marine Supply Corp.green
mo · 1993 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
1 sentence

2014Because Hill’s complaint with respect to 84.04(e) relates back to the “facts” included in the argument, we combine our response to Hill’s Rule 84.04 rule violation complaint. 13 ITT Commercial Fin., 854 S.W.2d at 381 (emphasis in original).

11
Frye v. Stategreen
moctapp · 2010 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010See Frye v. State, 311 S.W.3d 350, 358-59 (Mo.App.

2010See Frye v. State, 311 S.W.3d 350, 358-59 (Mo.App.

11
Beach v. Stategreen
moctapp · 2007 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010Thus, the Court applied the Hill standard without citation.” Id. at 368.

2010Thus, the Court applied the Hill standard without citation.” Id. at 368.

11
Dobbins v. Stategreen
mo · 2006 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007The second to last sentence states: “It was not the sentence to be imposed that concerned Dobbins — it was his eligibility for sentence reduction as to any sentence that was imposed.” Dobbins, 187 S.W.3d at 867 (emphasis added).

2007The second to last sentence states: “It was not the sentence to be imposed that concerned Dobbins — it was his eligibility for sentence reduction as to any sentence that was imposed.” Dobbins, 187 S.W.3d at 867 (emphasis added).

11
State v. Rollgreen
mo · 1997 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007The Supreme Court has applied this standard in State v. Nunley, 980 S.W.2d 290, 292 (Mo. banc 1998); State v. Roll, 942 S.W.2d 370, 374 (Mo. banc 1997); and Coates v. State, 939 S.W.2d 912, 914 (Mo. banc 1997).

2007The Supreme Court has applied this standard in State v. Nunley, 980 S.W.2d 290, 292 (Mo. banc 1998); State v. Roll, 942 S.W.2d 370, 374 (Mo. banc 1997); and Coates v. State, 939 S.W.2d 912, 914 (Mo. banc 1997).

11
State v. Nunleygreen
mo · 1998 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007The Supreme Court has applied this standard in State v. Nunley, 980 S.W.2d 290, 292 (Mo. banc 1998); State v. Roll, 942 S.W.2d 370, 374 (Mo. banc 1997); and Coates v. State, 939 S.W.2d 912, 914 (Mo. banc 1997).

2007The Supreme Court has applied this standard in State v. Nunley, 980 S.W.2d 290, 292 (Mo. banc 1998); State v. Roll, 942 S.W.2d 370, 374 (Mo. banc 1997); and Coates v. State, 939 S.W.2d 912, 914 (Mo. banc 1997).

11
State v. Heslopgreen
mo · 1992 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007The Missouri Supreme Court adopted the Hill standard for the prejudice prong of an ineffectiveness claim on a plea of guilty in Hagan v. State, 836 S.W.2d 459, 463-64 (Mo. banc 1992) (questioned on other grounds by State v. Heslop, 842 S.W.2d 72, 75 (Mo. banc 1992)).

2007The Missouri Supreme Court adopted the Hill standard for the prejudice prong of an ineffectiveness claim on a plea of guilty in Hagan v. State, 836 S.W.2d 459, 463-64 (Mo. banc 1992) (questioned on other grounds by State v. Heslop, 842 S.W.2d 72, 75 (Mo. banc 1992)).

11
Coates v. Stategreen
mo · 1997 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007Coates, 939 S.W.2d at 914 .

2007The Supreme Court has applied this standard in State v. Nunley, 980 S.W.2d 290, 292 (Mo. banc 1998); State v. Roll, 942 S.W.2d 370, 374 (Mo. banc 1997); and Coates v. State, 939 S.W.2d 912, 914 (Mo. banc 1997).

11
Hagan v. Stategreen
mo · 1992 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007The Missouri Supreme Court adopted the Hill standard for the prejudice prong of an ineffectiveness claim on a plea of guilty in Hagan v. State, 836 S.W.2d 459, 463-64 (Mo. banc 1992) (questioned on other grounds by State v. Heslop, 842 S.W.2d 72, 75 (Mo. banc 1992)).

2007The Missouri Supreme Court adopted the Hill standard for the prejudice prong of an ineffectiveness claim on a plea of guilty in Hagan v. State, 836 S.W.2d 459, 463-64 (Mo. banc 1992) (questioned on other grounds by State v. Heslop, 842 S.W.2d 72, 75 (Mo. banc 1992)).

11
State v. Pondgreen
mo · 2004 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
1 sentence

2006A trial court is not required to instruct on a lesser included offense unless the jury has a basis to (1) acquit of the offense charged, and (2) convict of the lesser offense. § 556.046.2, RSMo 2000; State v. Pond, 131 S.W.3d 792, 793 (Mo. banc 2004).

11
Fischer v. Fischergreen
moctapp · 2001 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
2 sentences

2002See Fischer v. Fischer, 66 S.W.3d 43, 45 (Mo.App.2001).

2002See Fischer v. Fischer, 66 S.W.3d 43, 45 (Mo.App.2001).

11
Juenger v. Brookdale Farmsgreen
moctapp · 1994 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
1 sentence

2001See Juenger v. Brookdale Farms, 871 S.W.2d 629, 631 (Mo.App.1994).

11
Sprung v. Negwer Materials, Inc.green
mo · 1987 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
1 sentence

2001Although raised in a post-final-judgment motion, Mr. Hill’s motion to set aside the paternity judgment on the basis of extrinsic fraud may be treated as an independent petition in equity if the substance of his motion was “sufficient to invoke the equitable powers of the court.” See Sprung v. Negwer Materials, Inc., 727 S.W.2d 883, 889 (Mo. banc 1987).

11
Leehy v. Supreme Express & Transfer Co.green
mo · 1983 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1996–1996
2 sentences

1996Leehy v. Supreme Express & Transfer Co., 646 S.W.2d 786, 790 (Mo. banc 1983), applied the Hill factors.

1996Leehy v. Supreme Express & Transfer Co., 646 S.W.2d 786, 790 (Mo. banc 1983), applied the Hill factors.

11
Kampe v. Colomgreen
moctapp · 1995 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1996–1996
2 sentences

1996At that point, application of the Hill factors “should operate either ‘to solidify or dispel’ any presumption of availability arising from special relationships of a party and a witness, depending upon circumstances shown in evidence in a particular case.” Kampe, 906 S.W.2d at 802 .

1996At that point, application of the Hill factors “should operate either ‘to solidify or dispel’ any presumption of availability arising from special relationships of a party and a witness, depending upon circumstances shown in evidence in a particular case.” Kampe, 906 S.W.2d at 802 .

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Missouri. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (12)

CaseCitedYears
State v. Bolden green
mo · 2012
1 sentence

2025“Although plain error review is discretionary, [we] will not use plain error to impose a sua sponte duty on the trial court to correct [Hill’s] invited error[].” Bolden, 371 S.W.3d at 806 ; see also State v. Caves, 700 S.W.3d 596 , 599 (Mo. App. E.D. 2024) (same); State v. Creviston, 694 S.W.3d 630 , 634 (Mo. App. S.D. 2024) (same). 3 Thus, the trial court did not commit error, plain or other otherwise, by failing to sua sponte amend Hill’s defense-of-others instruction to refer to Friend and Cousin.

12025–2025
State v. Bruner green
mo · 2018
1 sentence

2024Further, for Hill’s claim of self-defense, “[d]eadly force is only justifiable when the defendant reasonably believes that such deadly force is necessary to protect himself from death, serious physical injury, or any forcible felony.” Kendrick, 550 S.W.3d at 124 (alteration in original) (quoting Bruner, 541 S.W.3d at 538 ).

12024–2024
Hill v. Ford Motor Co. green
mo · 2009
1 sentence

2020Hill, 277 S.W.3d at 669-70 .

12020–2020
State v. Mo. Comm'n On Human Rights green
· 2018
2 sentences

2020The four-factor Hill test requires a thorough analysis of facts, and "[t]he determination of factual questions is not appropriate on a motion to dismiss." Cmty. Treatment, Inc., 561 S.W.3d at 111 .

2020The four-factor Hill test requires a thorough analysis of facts, and "[t]he determination of factual questions is not appropriate on a motion to dismiss." Cmty. Treatment, Inc., 561 S.W.3d at 111 .

12020–2020
State v. Hill green
moctapp · 2008
1 sentence

2018Id. at 49 .

12018–2018
Dorris v. State green
mo · 2012
2 sentences

2012Dorris, 360 S.W.3d at 270 , 2012 Mo. LEXIS 5, at *22 .

2012Dorris, 360 S.W.3d at 270 , 2012 Mo. LEXIS 5, at *22 .

12012–2012
Daugherty v. City of Maryland Heights green
mo · 2007
1 sentence

2009Defendants recognize that the law governing trial of Ms. Hill’s claim of sexual harassment is that set out in Daugherty, 231 S.W.3d at 818-20 .

12009–2009
State v. Antwine green
mo · 1987
1 sentence

1997In discussing Hill’s claim the trial court erred, we observed State v. Antwine, 743 S.W.2d 51 (Mo. banc 1987), cert. denied, 486 U.S. 1017 , 108 S.Ct. 1755 , 100 L.Ed.2d 217 (1988), sets out current Missouri law.

11997–1997
Mercedes-Benz of North America, Inc. v. Metrix Warehouse, Inc. green
scotus · 1988
1 sentence

1997In discussing Hill’s claim the trial court erred, we observed State v. Antwine, 743 S.W.2d 51 (Mo. banc 1987), cert. denied, 486 U.S. 1017 , 108 S.Ct. 1755 , 100 L.Ed.2d 217 (1988), sets out current Missouri law.

11997–1997
State v. Hill green
moctapp · 1994
2 sentences

1996The Hill defendant argued on appeal the instruction “lowered the state’s burden of proof by permitting a finding of guilty without a finding of the essential element of intent.” Id.

1996In rejecting the defendant’s argument, the court noted “[a] defendant who has the ‘purpose’ to promote the commission of a particular offense, by definition, will have the culpable mental state required by that particular offense.” Id. citing MAI-CR3d 304.04 (January 1, 1987), Notes on Use 5.

11996–1996
Sharpe v. Johnston neutral
· 1875
2 sentences

1984The Hill instruction was followed in Sharpe v. Johnston, 59 Mo. 557 (1875).

1984The Hill instruction was followed in Sharpe v. Johnston, 59 Mo. 557 (1875).

11984–1984
Hulse v. Criger green
mo · 1952
1 sentence

1953See Supreme Court Rule 5; Hulse v. Criger, Mo. Sup., 247 S.W.2d 855 . *683 Page's contention that his admission as a qualified attorney of the U. S. District Court of the Western District of Missouri exempts him from the charge of contempt here filed seems to run in this vein: Hill's claim for damages could have been prosecuted in the Federal courts under the Federal Employers' Liability Act, 45 U.S.C.A. § 51 et seq.; ergo, the aforesaid license is a warrant of authority from a superior jurisdiction to Page to represent Hill in negotiating a settlement of the claim.

11953–1953

Statutes the citing opinions construe

MO § Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.015 (4)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

TX 42 (1900–2026) CA 42 (1954–2026) GA 29 (1974–2026) FL 25 (1955–2025) MO 20 (1953–2025) OH 16 (1996–2026) PA 14 (1974–2025) TN 13 (1998–2016) KS 13 (1889–2020) IL 10 (1985–2025) MS 9 (1956–2017) NY 9 (2008–2026) AR 8 (1990–2019) CT 8 (1995–2017) DC 7 (1992–2011) IN 7 (1978–2019) IA 6 (1989–2021) NC 6 (1956–2017) LA 6 (1904–1997) WA 6 (2014–2018) NV 6 (1998–2021) WY 5 (1991–2025) MT 5 (2000–2018) AZ 5 (1931–2025) NJ 4 (2014–2020) MD 4 (1914–1997) AL 4 (1997–2015) UT 4 (1990–2005) CO 4 (1996–2026) VA 4 (2000–2023) MA 3 (1948–2001) SC 3 (1964–2011) WV 3 (1984–2017) NM 3 (1963–2016) NE 3 (2018–2021) WI 2 (2021–2024) ID 2 (2004–2020) MI 2 (1982–2025) KY 2 (2021–2023)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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