terms rule (Texas) · Go Syfert
← Texas issues

terms rule in Texas

107 Texas opinions name it 3 courts 1890–2025 8 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Texas courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (43)

CaseFollowedCited
Smith v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 2002 · cited in 6 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2002–2023
2 sentences

2023“Provided the judge approves the dismissal that results from an immunity agreement, and is aware that the dismissal is pursuant to an immunity agreement, the judge does not have to be aware of the specific terms of that immunity agreement for it to be enforceable.” Id.

2021Provided the judge approves the dismissal that results from an immunity agreement, and is aware that the dismissal is pursuant to an immunity agreement, the judge does not have to be aware of the specific terms of that immunity agreement for it to be enforceable. 70 S.W.3d at 855 .

46
P.I.A. of Fort Worth, Inc. v. Sullivangreen
texapp · 1992 · cited in 4 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2008–2011
2 sentences

2011Safety, 972 S.W.2d 875, 876 (Tex. App.–Corpus Christi 1998, no pet.) (concluding that appellate court lacked jurisdiction over cause because appellate 11 jurisdiction ―extends no further than that of the court from which the appeal is taken‖), overruled, in part, on other grounds by City of Elsa v. M.A.L., 226 S.W.3d 390, 392 (Tex. 2007); P.I.A. of Fort Worth, Inc. v. Sullivan, 837 S.W.2d 844, 846 (Tex. App.–Fort Worth 1992, orig. proceeding) (concluding that under the terms of rule 329b, the trial court had no jurisdiction to seal the parties' divorce records over nine months after the suit h

2011Safety, 972 S.W.2d 875, 876 (Tex. App.-Corpus Christi 1998, no pet.) (concluding that appellate court lacked jurisdiction over cause because appellate jurisdiction “extends no further than that of the court from which the appeal is taken”), overruled, in part, on other grounds by City of Elsa v. M.A.L., 226 S.W.3d 390, 392 (Tex.2007); P.I.A. of Fort Worth, Inc. v. Sullivan, 837 S.W.2d 844, 846 (TexApp.-Fort Worth 1992, orig. proceeding) (concluding that under the terms of rule 329b, the trial court had no jurisdiction to seal the parties’ divorce records over nine months after the suit had bee

44
El Tacaso, Inc. v. Jireh Star, Inc.green
texapp · 2011 · cited in 5 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2013–2023
2 sentences

2023While Cheek also argues that “everyone here knows the basis for the TRO,” this Court observed in El Tacaso that “[e]ven if a sound reason for granting relief appears elsewhere in the record, the Texas Supreme Court has stated in the strongest terms that rule of civil procedure 683 is mandatory.” El Tacaso, 356 S.W.3d at 745 ; see also Elevacity, 2018 WL 915031 , at *2 (temporary restraining order violated Rule 683 by, among other things, referencing only applicant’s pleadings as support for order).

2022El Tacaso, 356 S.W.3d at 745 (“Even if a sound reason for granting relief appears elsewhere in the record, the Texas Supreme Court has stated in the strongest terms that rule of civil procedure 683 is mandatory.”).

35
Reliant Hospital Partners, LLC v. Cornerstone Healthcare Group Holdings, Inc.green
texapp · 2012 · cited in 3 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2014–2022
2 sentences

2022Holdings, Inc., 374 S.W.3d 488, 495 (Tex.App.--Dallas 2012, pet. denied) (“Even if a sound reason for granting relief appears elsewhere in the record, the Texas Supreme Court has stated in the strongest terms the rule must be followed.”).

2014Partners, LLC v. Cornerstone Healthcare Group Holdings, Inc., 374 S.W.3d 488, 495 (Tex.App.-Dallas 2012, pet. denied) (“Even if a sound reason for granting relief appears elsewhere in the record, the Texas Supreme Court has stated in the strongest terms the rule must be followed.”).

33
State v. Cook United, Inc.green
tex · 1971 · cited in 3 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2011–2016
2 sentences

2016See State v. Cook United, Inc., 464 S.W.2d 105, 107 (Tex. 1971) (Calvert, J., concurring) (“The requirement in Rule 683 that the reasons for issuing an injunction –3– be stated in the order could hardly be couched in stronger language.

2012State v. Cook United, Inc., 464 S.W.2d 105, 107 (Tex.1971) (Calvert, J., concurring) (“The requirement of Rule 683 that the reasons for issuing an injunction be stated in the order could hardly be couched in stronger language.

33
City of Sugarland v. Ballardgreen
texapp · 2005 · cited in 3 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007See Ballard , 174 S.W.3d at 265 (reaching similar conclusion on claims based on police force’s “customs and policies”). (footnote: 17) Because we conclude the summary judgment record shows as a matter of law that Hernandez’s claims do not fall within the terms of the waiver of immunity prescribed by § 101.021, we overrule her fourth issue.

2007See Ballard, 174 S.W.3d at 265 (reaching similar conclusion on claims based on police force’s “customs and policies”). 17 *762 Because we conclude the summary judgment record shows as a matter of law that Hernandez’s claims do not fall within the terms of the waiver of immunity prescribed by § 101.021, we overrule her fourth issue.

33
Compton v. Elliottgreen
tex · 1935 · cited in 3 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1953–1960
2 sentences

1960See Compton v. Elliott, 126 Tex. 232 , 88 S.W.2d 91, 93 ; Hannah v. Stephens, Tex.Civ.App., 101 S.W.2d 823 .

1953The commission of the crime, offense, or trespass is under the terms of this exception a part of the venue facts.” Compton v. Elliott, Tex.Com.App., 88 S.W.2d 91, 93 ; Hannah v. Stephens, Tex.Civ.App., 101 S.W.2d 823 .

23
Ford v. Stategreen
texapp · 2005 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2013–2016
2 sentences

2016Ford v. State, 179 S.W.3d 203, 210 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2005, pet. ref’d); see also Bridges, 909 S.W.2d at 157 (“[T]he informer’s potential testimony must be shown to significantly aid appellant, and mere conjecture or supposition about possible relevance is insufficient.”).

2013Ford v. State, 179 S.W.3d 203, 210 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 2005, pet. ref'd).

22
City of Elsa v. M.A.L.green
tex · 2007 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
2 sentences

2011Safety, 972 S.W.2d 875, 876 (Tex. App.–Corpus Christi 1998, no pet.) (concluding that appellate court lacked jurisdiction over cause because appellate 11 jurisdiction ―extends no further than that of the court from which the appeal is taken‖), overruled, in part, on other grounds by City of Elsa v. M.A.L., 226 S.W.3d 390, 392 (Tex. 2007); P.I.A. of Fort Worth, Inc. v. Sullivan, 837 S.W.2d 844, 846 (Tex. App.–Fort Worth 1992, orig. proceeding) (concluding that under the terms of rule 329b, the trial court had no jurisdiction to seal the parties' divorce records over nine months after the suit h

2011Safety, 972 S.W.2d 875, 876 (Tex. App.-Corpus Christi 1998, no pet.) (concluding that appellate court lacked jurisdiction over cause because appellate jurisdiction “extends no further than that of the court from which the appeal is taken”), overruled, in part, on other grounds by City of Elsa v. M.A.L., 226 S.W.3d 390, 392 (Tex.2007); P.I.A. of Fort Worth, Inc. v. Sullivan, 837 S.W.2d 844, 846 (TexApp.-Fort Worth 1992, orig. proceeding) (concluding that under the terms of rule 329b, the trial court had no jurisdiction to seal the parties’ divorce records over nine months after the suit had bee

22
Whatley v. City of Dallasgreen
texapp · 1988 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2010–2011
2 sentences

2011See id. 9 .

2010See id. [9] The Stowers demand letter does not constitute a notice of the suit in accordance with section 2-305.

22
Nabejas v. Texas Department of Public Safetygreen
texapp · 1998 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
2 sentences

2011Safety, 972 S.W.2d 875, 876 (Tex. App.–Corpus Christi 1998, no pet.) (concluding that appellate court lacked jurisdiction over cause because appellate 11 jurisdiction ―extends no further than that of the court from which the appeal is taken‖), overruled, in part, on other grounds by City of Elsa v. M.A.L., 226 S.W.3d 390, 392 (Tex. 2007); P.I.A. of Fort Worth, Inc. v. Sullivan, 837 S.W.2d 844, 846 (Tex. App.–Fort Worth 1992, orig. proceeding) (concluding that under the terms of rule 329b, the trial court had no jurisdiction to seal the parties' divorce records over nine months after the suit h

2011Safety, 972 S.W.2d 875, 876 (Tex. App.-Corpus Christi 1998, no pet.) (concluding that appellate court lacked jurisdiction over cause because appellate jurisdiction “extends no further than that of the court from which the appeal is taken”), overruled, in part, on other grounds by City of Elsa v. M.A.L., 226 S.W.3d 390, 392 (Tex.2007); P.I.A. of Fort Worth, Inc. v. Sullivan, 837 S.W.2d 844, 846 (TexApp.-Fort Worth 1992, orig. proceeding) (concluding that under the terms of rule 329b, the trial court had no jurisdiction to seal the parties’ divorce records over nine months after the suit had bee

22
Wright v. Brooksgreen
texapp · 1989 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1991–2008
2 sentences

2008See Wright v. Brooks, 773 S.W.2d 649, 651 (Tex.App.-San Antonio 1989, writ denied).

1991See Wright v. Brooks, 773 S.W.2d 649, 651 (Tex.App. — San Antonio 1989, writ denied).

22
Pickett v. Bishopgreen
tex · 1949 · cited in 6 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1959–2015
2 sentences

2002The supreme court held the description sufficient, stating: The stated ownership of the property is in itself a matter of description which leads to the certain identification of the property and brings the description within the terms of the rule that ‘the writing must furnish within itself, or by reference to some other existing writing, the means or data by which the particular land to be conveyed may be identified with reasonable certainty.’ Id. at 224 (citation omitted).

1959Having proved up the Hardin deed making Barrow’s interest thereby definite at the time he executed the deed to McManus, et al., the following language from Pickett v. Bishop, 148 Tex. 207 , 223 S.W.2d 222 , at page 224, is appropriate: “The stated ownership of the property is in itself a matter of description which leads to the certain identification of the property and brings the de *343 scription within the terms of the rule that 'the writing must furnish within itself, or by reference to some other existing writing, the means or data by which the particular land to he conveyed may be identi

16
Edgar v. Bartekgreen
texapp · 1974 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1978–1980
2 sentences

1980See Edgar v. Bartek, 507 S.W.2d 831, 833 (Tex.Civ.App. — Corpus Christi 1974, writ dism’d w.o.j.).

1978Edgar v. Bartek, supra. The record on appeal includes the transcript and a 47 page statement of facts with attached exhibits.

12
in Re City of Dickinsongreen
tex · 2019 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025See, e.g., In re City of Dickinson, 568 S.W.3d 642 , 645–46 (Tex. 2019).

11
Dansby, Michael Edward Sr.green
texcrimapp · 2014 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
1 sentence

2022Dansby v. State, 448 S.W.3d 441, 447 (Tex. Crim.

11
Musslewhite v. State Bar of Texasgreen
texapp · 1990 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
2 sentences

2020If a statute forbids or requires the doing of an act in terms so vague that people of common intelligence necessarily must guess at the statute’s meaning and differ as to its application, the statute violates the Fourteenth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.15 In the parts of section 671.001 at issue in today’s case, the statute forbids or requires the doing of an act in only one instance — requiring that death be pronounced before artificial means of supporting a person’s respiratory and circulatory functions may be terminated.16 The terms of this requirement are not so vague that people of comm

2020If a statute forbids or requires the doing of an act in terms so vague that people of common intelligence necessarily must guess at the statute’s meaning and differ as to its application, the statute violates the Fourteenth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.15 In the parts of section 671.001 at issue in today’s case, the statute forbids or requires the doing of an act in only one instance — requiring that death be pronounced before artificial means of supporting a person’s respiratory and circulatory functions may be terminated.16 The terms of this requirement are not so vague that people of comm

11
James W. Trenz and Terrane Associates, Inc. v. Peter Paul Petroleum Company and Posse Energy, Ltd.green
texapp · 2012 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
1 sentence

2020Trenz v. Peter Paul Petroleum Co., 388 S.W.3d 796, 800 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2012, no pet.).

11
In the Interest of H.N.T.green
texapp · 2012 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
1 sentence

2019See In re H.N.T., 367 S.W.3d 901, 905 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2012, no pet.) (holding that when the original divorce decree did not include a geographic restriction, the custodial parent’s move to a new city “represent[ed] an anticipated circumstance because Father knew nothing within the decree prohibited Mother from moving with H.N.T. at anytime to anywhere”).

11
Bridges v. Stategreen
texapp · 1995 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
1 sentence

2016Ford v. State, 179 S.W.3d 203, 210 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2005, pet. ref’d); see also Bridges, 909 S.W.2d at 157 (“[T]he informer’s potential testimony must be shown to significantly aid appellant, and mere conjecture or supposition about possible relevance is insufficient.”).

11
Skidmore Energy, Inc. v. Maxus (U.S.) Exploration Co.green
texapp · 2011 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Storage & Processors, Inc. v. Reyesgreen
tex · 2004 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Ray v. Burnsgreen
texapp · 1992 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
11
Interfirst Bank San Felipe, N.A. v. Paz Construction Co.green
tex · 1986 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
11
In Re Kellogg Brown & Root, Inc.green
tex · 2005 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2012–2012
11
Carpenter v. Cimarron Hydrocarbons Corp.green
tex · 2002 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
11
United States v. 1,048,000 CAPSULES, MORE OR LESS, ETC.green
txsd · 1972 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
11
United States v. An Article of Drug \Bentex Ulcerine\""green
· 1972 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
11
Hagans v. Lavinegreen
scotus · 1973 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
11
Mapco, Inc. v. Cartergreen
tex · 1991 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
11
American International Specialty Lines Insurance Co. v. Triton Energy Ltd.green
texapp · 2001 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2003–2003
11
Southwest Intelecom, Inc. v. Hotel Networks Corp.green
texapp · 1999 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2003–2003
11
Intratex Gas Co. v. Beesongreen
tex · 2000 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
11
City of Houston v. Clear Creek Basin Authoritygreen
tex · 1979 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
11
In Re the Estate of Hamillgreen
texapp · 1993 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
11
Sheffield v. Scottgreen
texapp · 1983 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
11
McLendon v. McLendongreen
texapp · 1993 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
11
Samano v. Sun Oil Co.green
tex · 1981 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995
11
Trinity River Authority v. Williamsgreen
tex · 1985 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1992–1992
11
Slaughter v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 1920 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1986–1986
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Texas. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (37)

CaseCitedYears
Amouri v. Southwest Toyota, Inc. green
texapp · 2000
2 sentences

2009S&P and Guerrero contend that we should follow the general rule to which we referred in Amouri v. Southwest Toyota, Inc. , 20 S.W.3d 165 (Tex. App.-Texarkana 2000, pet. denied), and hold that Reyes was presumed to know and agree to the terms of the waiver agreement he signed.

2002S & P and Guerrero contend that we should follow the general rule to which we referred in Amouri v. Southwest Toyota, Inc., 20 S.W.3d 165 (Tex.App.-Texarkana 2000, pet. denied), and hold that Reyes was presumed to know and agree to the terms of the waiver agreement he signed.

32002–2009
Wilson v. Fisher green
tex · 1945
2 sentences

1979In Pickett the court stated, at page 224, The stated ownership of the property is in itself a matter of description which leads to the certain identification of the property and brings the description within the terms of the rule that “the writing must furnish within itself, or by reference to some other existing writing, the means or data by which the particular land to be conveyed may be identified with reasonable certainty.” [Emphasis added;] Wilson v. Fisher, 144 Tex. 53, 56-57 , 188 S.W.2d 150, 152 .

1979In Pickett the court stated, at page 224, The stated ownership of the property is in itself a matter of description which leads to the certain identification of the property and brings the description within the terms of the rule that “the writing must furnish within itself, or by reference to some other existing writing, the means or data by which the particular land to be conveyed may be identified with reasonable certainty.” [Emphasis added;] Wilson v. Fisher, 144 Tex. 53, 56-57 , 188 S.W.2d 150, 152 .

31949–1979
Hannah v. Stephens neutral
texapp · 1937
2 sentences

1960See Compton v. Elliott, 126 Tex. 232 , 88 S.W.2d 91, 93 ; Hannah v. Stephens, Tex.Civ.App., 101 S.W.2d 823 .

1953The commission of the crime, offense, or trespass is under the terms of this exception a part of the venue facts.” Compton v. Elliott, Tex.Com.App., 88 S.W.2d 91, 93 ; Hannah v. Stephens, Tex.Civ.App., 101 S.W.2d 823 .

31953–1960
Armstrong v. Steppes Apartments, Ltd. green
texapp · 2001
2 sentences

2007Armstrong, 57 S.W.3d at 46 .

2007Armstrong , 57 S.W.3d at 46 .

22007–2007
Southwestern Refining Co., Inc. v. Bernal green
tex · 2000
2 sentences

2002In deciding that matter, the trial court looks to see “if common issues predominate by identifying the substantive issues of the case that will control the outcome of the litigation, assessing which issues will predominate, and determining if the predominating issues are, in fact, those common to the class.” Bernal, 22 S.W.3d at 434 .

2002In deciding that matter, the trial court looks to see "if common issues predominate by identifying the substantive issues of the case that will control the outcome of the litigation, assessing which issues will predominate, and determining if the predominating issues are, in fact, those common to the class." Bernal , 22 S.W.3d at 434 .

22002–2002
Life Insurance Co. of Southwest v. Brister green
texapp · 1986
2 sentences

1998Brister, 722 S.W.2d at 772 .

1998Brister , 722 S.W.2d at 772 .

21998–1998
Emscor, Inc. v. Alliance Insurance Group green
texapp · 1991
2 sentences

1997Id. at 198 .

1997Id. at 198 .

21997–1997
Ramirez v. State green
texcrimapp · 1991
1 sentence

2024The Texas Court of Criminal Appeals has held that the terms of the rule are “very restrictive” and allow for no exceptions, other than conviction of a crime as allowed by Rule 609. 7 Ramirez, 802 S.W.2d at 676 .

12024–2024
Mathews v. Eldridge green
scotus · 1976
1 sentence

2019In the divorce decree, the trial court ordered Appellant and Appellee to comply with the terms of the standard possession order in the absence of a mutual agreement regarding possession of the children, ordered Appellant to pay $1,000 per month in child support and to maintain 1 424 U.S. 319 (1976). 2 health insurance for the children, and awarded both parents the right to direct the moral and religious training of the children.

12019–2019
In Re Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. green
tex · 2006
1 sentence

2018“The principles of unconscionability do not negate a bargain because one party to the agreement may have been in a less advantageous bargaining position.” In re Palm Harbor Homes, Inc., 195 S.W.3d at 679 .

12018–2018
Sandstrom v. Montana green
scotus · 1979
12015–2015
Hooper v. State green
texcrimapp · 2007
12015–2015
Kelley-Coppedge, Inc. v. Highlands Insurance Co. green
tex · 1998
12015–2015
Kaufmann v. Morales green
texapp · 2002
12013–2013
McClure v. Denham green
texapp · 2005
12010–2010
El Dorado Motors, Inc. v. Koch green
texapp · 2005
12010–2010
United States v. Allan Drug Corporation, (Two Cases) green
ca10 · 1966
12008–2008
In re Reese green
scotus · 1966
12008–2008
Cooper v. State green
texcrimapp · 2001
12005–2005
Jenkens & Gilchrist v. Riggs green
texapp · 2002
12004–2004
Unknown Heirs of Holloway v. Whatley green
· 1939
12002–2002
Tinkle Ex Rel. Tinkle v. Henderson green
texapp · 1989
11991–1991
United States v. Robert William Maloney, Robert Murphy and Paul Merrick green
ca2 · 1959
11991–1991
Drury v. Lehmann neutral
texapp · 1980
11990–1990
Tobin v. Garcia green
tex · 1958
11977–1977
Kain v. Neuhaus green
texapp · 1974
11977–1977
Tobin v. Garcia green
tex · 1958
11977–1977
Parks v. Underwood green
texapp · 1955
11975–1975
Dossey v. Oehler green
texapp · 1962
11974–1974
Stewart v. Whitworth green
texapp · 1970
11974–1974
Lynch v. Millican green
texapp · 1957
11964–1964
Rowson v. Rowson green
tex · 1955
11964–1964
Universal Credit Co. v. Boling neutral
texapp · 1937
11962–1962
Reid v. Associated Employers Lloyds green
texapp · 1942
11960–1960
Skinner v. Noland green
tex · 1955
11959–1959
Cox v. Palacios green
texapp · 1945
11952–1952
Cox v. Chapa green
texapp · 1945
11952–1952

Where else courts name it

TX 107 (1890–2025) CA 78 (1863–2026) PA 76 (1891–2025) IL 60 (1883–2026) NY 54 (1851–2026) NJ 36 (1903–2026) FL 23 (1957–2026) OR 22 (1923–2022) MA 20 (1921–2025) MO 19 (1887–2012) WI 19 (1950–2024) TN 19 (1985–2025) AL 17 (1867–2013) OH 17 (1871–2025) IA 15 (1915–2025) CO 14 (1899–2009) WA 14 (1925–2017) UT 14 (1997–2024) MD 13 (1871–2023) CT 13 (1921–2024) LA 13 (1929–2026) NC 13 (1892–2019) NE 11 (1927–2014) AZ 11 (1917–2020) MI 10 (1896–2024) KY 9 (1935–2024) VA 8 (1900–2023) SC 7 (1935–2025) MN 7 (1878–2024) GA 7 (1907–2007) NV 7 (1909–2013) IN 7 (1892–1999) HI 7 (1915–2024) SD 6 (1934–2016) ID 6 (1989–2017) DC 6 (1987–2024) WV 5 (1911–2016) VT 5 (1856–1925) NM 5 (1963–2014) MS 5 (1994–2014) AK 5 (1981–2021) RI 5 (1981–2006) ME 5 (1943–2002) KS 5 (1911–1994) ND 4 (1901–2005) AR 3 (1978–1994) OK 3 (1913–1960) MT 3 (1922–1944) WY 3 (1927–2023) DE 3 (1971–2024) NH 2 (1860–2025)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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