faith and credit clause (Georgia) · Go Syfert
← Georgia issues

faith and credit clause in Georgia

75 Georgia opinions name it 2 courts 1907–2025 4 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Georgia courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (27)

CaseFollowedCited
Cureton v. Curetongreen
ga · 1909 · cited in 9 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1932–1974
2 sentences

1969Under identical statutes not only has South Carolina held that full faith and credit would not be given to a modifiable decree, but Georgia also has twice held: "A decree for alimony of a sister State, providing for future monthly payments, which by its own terms is subject to be revoked or modified, as to the *493 amount to be paid thereunder, by the court rendering such decree, is not such a decree as is enforceable in this State under the full faith and credit clause of the Constitution of the United States, or upon principles of comity." Cureton v. Cureton, 132 Ga. 745 (2) ( 65 SE 65 ); Fe

1969Under identical statutes not only has South Carolina held that full faith and credit would not be given to a modifiable decree, but Georgia also has twice held: "A decree for alimony of a sister State, providing for future monthly payments, which by its own terms is subject to be revoked or modified, as to the *493 amount to be paid thereunder, by the court rendering such decree, is not such a decree as is enforceable in this State under the full faith and credit clause of the Constitution of the United States, or upon principles of comity." Cureton v. Cureton, 132 Ga. 745 (2) ( 65 SE 65 ); Fe

49
Sistare v. Sistaregreen
· 1910 · cited in 5 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1974–1988
2 sentences

1988The cited cases follow the principles enunciated in Sistare v. Sistare, 218 U. S. 1, 17 (30 SC 682, 54 LE 905) (1910), which held that a judgment loses the protection of the full faith and credit clause “where by the law of the State in which a judgment for future alimony is rendered the right to demand and receive such future alimony is discretionary with the court which rendered the decree, to such an extent that no absolute or vested right attaches to receive the installments ordered by the decree to be paid, even although no application to annul or modify the decree in respect to alimony h

1981The United States Supreme Court has stated that “.. .generally speaking, where a decree is rendered for alimony and is made payable in future installments the right to such installments becomes absolute and vested upon becoming due, and is therefore protected by the full faith and credit clause, provided no modification of the decree has been made prior to the maturity of the installments, since, .. .‘alimony decreed to a wife in a divorce of separation from bed and board is as much a debt of record, until the decree has been recalled, as any other judgment for money is’.. .[T]his general rule

45
McLendon v. McLendongreen
gactapp · 1941 · cited in 5 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1943–1974
2 sentences

1974Plaintiffs former wife relies principally upon McLendon v. McLendon, 66 Ga. App. 156 ( 17 SE2d 252 ) and Napier v. Napier, 119 Ga. App. 143 ( 166 SE2d 583 ) in asserting that this court has previously upheld actions to recover alimony where the decree sued upon was subject to modification.

1974Plaintiffs former wife relies principally upon McLendon v. McLendon, 66 Ga. App. 156 ( 17 SE2d 252 ) and Napier v. Napier, 119 Ga. App. 143 ( 166 SE2d 583 ) in asserting that this court has previously upheld actions to recover alimony where the decree sued upon was subject to modification.

45
Dropkin v. Dropkingreen
ga · 1976 · cited in 4 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1980–1985
2 sentences

1985“Under the full faith and credit clause of the United States Constitution, ... a judgment of a foreign court will be enforced by the courts of this state unless it is shown that the foreign court lacked jurisdiction of the person or subject matter or that the judgment was procured by fraud.” Dropkin v. Dropkin, 237 Ga. 768, 770-771 ( 229 SE2d 621 ) (1976).

1985“Under the full faith and credit clause of the United States Constitution, ... a judgment of a foreign court will be enforced by the courts of this state unless it is shown that the foreign court lacked jurisdiction of the person or subject matter or that the judgment was procured by fraud.” Dropkin v. Dropkin, 237 Ga. 768, 770-771 ( 229 SE2d 621 ) (1976).

44
Heakes v. Heakesgreen
ga · 1924 · cited in 4 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1943–1956
2 sentences

1956Roberts v. Roberts, 174 Ga. 645 ( 163 S. E. 735 ); Cureton v. Cureton, 132 Ga. 745, 751 ( 65 S. E. 65 ); Heakes v. Heakes, 157 Ga. 863, 867 ( 122 S. E. 777 ); McLendon v. McLendon, 66 Ga. App. 156, 159 ( 17 S. E. 2d 252 ).’” Henderson v. Henderson, 209 Ga. 148 ( 71 S. E. 2d 210 ). 2.

1956Roberts v. Roberts, 174 Ga. 645 ( 163 S. E. 735 ); Cureton v. Cureton, 132 Ga. 745, 751 ( 65 S. E. 65 ); Heakes v. Heakes, 157 Ga. 863, 867 ( 122 S. E. 777 ); McLendon v. McLendon, 66 Ga. App. 156, 159 ( 17 S. E. 2d 252 ).’” Henderson v. Henderson, 209 Ga. 148 ( 71 S. E. 2d 210 ). 2.

44
Chambers v. Navaregreen
gactapp · 1998 · cited in 4 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1999–2025
2 sentences

2025“Under the full faith and credit clause of the United States Constitution, a judgment of a foreign court will be enforced by the courts of this State.” Chambers v. Navare, 231 Ga. App. 318, 318 (1) ( 498 SE2d 173 ) (1998) (citation and punctuation omitted).

2025“Under the full faith and credit clause of the United States Constitution, a judgment of a foreign court will be enforced by the courts of this State.” Chambers v. Navare, 231 Ga. App. 318, 318 (1) ( 498 SE2d 173 ) (1998) (citation and punctuation omitted).

24
Noaha, LLC v. Vista Antiques & Persian Rugs, Inc.green
gactapp · 2010 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2021–2022
2 sentences

2022“Under the full faith and credit clause of the United States Constitution, a judgment of a foreign court will be enforced by the courts of this State.” Chambers v. Navara, 231 Ga. App. 318, 318 (1) ( 498 SE2d 173 ) (1998) (citation and punctuation omitted). “[T]he proper method for attacking a foreign judgment filed in Georgia under [OCGA § 9-12-130 et seq.] is a motion to set aside under OCGA § 9-11-60 (d).” Noaha, LLC v. Vista Antiques & Persian Rugs, 306 Ga. App. 323, 326 (1) ( 702 SE2d 660 ) (2010) (citations and punctuation omitted).

2022“Under the full faith and credit clause of the United States Constitution, a judgment of a foreign court will be enforced by the courts of this State.” Chambers v. Navara, 231 Ga. App. 318, 318 (1) ( 498 SE2d 173 ) (1998) (citation and punctuation omitted). “[T]he proper method for attacking a foreign judgment filed in Georgia under [OCGA § 9-12-130 et seq.] is a motion to set aside under OCGA § 9-11-60 (d).” Noaha, LLC v. Vista Antiques & Persian Rugs, 306 Ga. App. 323, 326 (1) ( 702 SE2d 660 ) (2010) (citations and punctuation omitted).

22
Crosby v. Wenzoskigreen
gactapp · 1982 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2001–2002
2 sentences

2002Crosby v. Wenzoski, 164 Ga. App. 266, 269 (1) ( 296 SE2d 162 ) (1982).

2002Crosby v. Wenzoski, 164 Ga. App. 266, 269 (1) ( 296 SE2d 162 ) (1982).

22
Roadway Express Inc. v. McBroomgreen
gactapp · 1939 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1984–2000
2 sentences

1984Stewart, for appellee. “[U]nder the full faith and credit clause of the constitution [cits.] a judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction in [California], if properly proved, may have the effect of former adjudication in matters pending in the courts of this State. [Cits.]” Roadway Express Inc. v. McBroom, 61 Ga. App. 223, 224 ( 6 SE2d 460 ) (1939).

1984Stewart, for appellee. “[U]nder the full faith and credit clause of the constitution [cits.] a judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction in [California], if properly proved, may have the effect of former adjudication in matters pending in the courts of this State. [Cits.]” Roadway Express Inc. v. McBroom, 61 Ga. App. 223, 224 ( 6 SE2d 460 ) (1939).

22
Veazey v. Veazeygreen
ga · 1980 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1983–1984
2 sentences

1984Held: Under the full faith and credit clause of the United States Constitution “ ‘a judgment of a foreign court will be enforced by the courts of this state unless it is shown that the foreign court lacked jurisdiction of the person or subject matter or that the judgment was procured by fraud. [Cit.]’ Dropkin v. Dropkin, 237 Ga. 768, 770 ( 229 SE2d 621 ) (1976).” Veazey v. Veazey, 246 Ga. 376, 377 ( 271 SE2d 449 ).

1984Held: Under the full faith and credit clause of the United States Constitution “ ‘a judgment of a foreign court will be enforced by the courts of this state unless it is shown that the foreign court lacked jurisdiction of the person or subject matter or that the judgment was procured by fraud. [Cit.]’ Dropkin v. Dropkin, 237 Ga. 768, 770 ( 229 SE2d 621 ) (1976).” Veazey v. Veazey, 246 Ga. 376, 377 ( 271 SE2d 449 ).

22
Gordon v. Gordongreen
ga · 1976 · cited in 8 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1976–2014
2 sentences

1987“Under the full faith and credit clause of the United States Constitution, a judgment of a foreign court will be enforced by the courts of this state.” Gordon v. Gordon, 237 Ga. 171 ( 227 SE2d 53 ) (1976).

1987“Under the full faith and credit clause of the United States Constitution, a judgment of a foreign court will be enforced by the courts of this state.” Gordon v. Gordon, 237 Ga. 171 ( 227 SE2d 53 ) (1976).

18
Marchman v. Marchmangreen
ga · 1945 · cited in 3 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1947–1958
2 sentences

1958But where there has been personal service or the defendant appears and defends, a decree of divorce rendered by a court of another State and regular upon its face is not subject to attack in the courts of this State.” Marchman v. Marchman, 198 Ga. 739, 740 ( 32 S. E. 2d 790 ).

1958But where there has been personal service or the defendant appears and defends, a decree of divorce rendered by a court of another State and regular upon its face is not subject to attack in the courts of this State.” Marchman v. Marchman, 198 Ga. 739, 740 ( 32 S. E. 2d 790 ).

13
Joyner v. Joynergreen
ga · 1908 · cited in 3 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1912–1951
2 sentences

1951Joyner v. Joyner, 131 Ga. 217 ( 62 S. E. 182 , 18 L.R.A.

1951Joyner v. Joyner, 131 Ga. 217 ( 62 S. E. 182 , 18 L.R.A.

13
Blue v. Bluegreen
ga · 1979 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1985–2024
2 sentences

2024H. dependent was an interlocutory or non-final order, and “the courts of this State are not bound under the full faith and credit clause . . . to enforce pendente lite or interlocutory judgments of a sister State that are by their own terms subject to revision or revocation.” Ferster v. Ferster, 219 Ga. 543 ( 134 SE2d 600 ) (1964); see also Blue v. Blue, 243 Ga. 22, 23 ( 252 SE2d 452 ) (1979) (“Georgia is not required by the full faith and credit clause to recognize non-final decrees.”).

2024H. dependent was an interlocutory or non-final order, and “the courts of this State are not bound under the full faith and credit clause . . . to enforce pendente lite or interlocutory judgments of a sister State that are by their own terms subject to revision or revocation.” Ferster v. Ferster, 219 Ga. 543 ( 134 SE2d 600 ) (1964); see also Blue v. Blue, 243 Ga. 22, 23 ( 252 SE2d 452 ) (1979) (“Georgia is not required by the full faith and credit clause to recognize non-final decrees.”).

12
Terry v. Maysgreen
gactapp · 1982 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1983–2003
2 sentences

2003See generally Terry v. Mays, 161 Ga. App. 328 ( 291 SE2d 44 ) (1982) (the requirement of the full faith and credit clause is aided by the due process provision of the Constitution).

2003See generally Terry v. Mays, 161 Ga. App. 328 ( 291 SE2d 44 ) (1982) (the requirement of the full faith and credit clause is aided by the due process provision of the Constitution).

12
Esenwein v. Commonwealth Ex Rel. Esenweingreen
scotus · 1945 · cited in 2 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1951–1953
2 sentences

1951The record of the proceedings and decree in the Nevada court, which the defendant offered in evidence, shows on its face that the court had jurisdiction of the plaintiff (the defendant here), and that the plaintiff had his residence in Nevada; and, under the full faith and credit clause of the Federal Constitution, the trial court in this case was under a duty to accord prima facie validity to the Nevada decree; and, upon the admission of the judgment and record in that case, the burden was upon the plaintiff in this case, if she would escape the opera *11 tion of the decree, to show that' it

1951The record of the proceedings and decree in the Nevada court, which the defendant offered in evidence, shows on its face that the court had jurisdiction of the plaintiff (the defendant here), and that the plaintiff had his residence in Nevada; and, under the full faith and credit clause of the Federal Constitution, the trial court in this case was under a duty to accord prima facie validity to the Nevada decree; and, upon the admission of the judgment and record in that case, the burden was upon the plaintiff in this case, if she would escape the opera *11 tion of the decree, to show that' it

12
E. Howard St. Clair & Associates, Inc. v. Northwest Carpets, Inc.green
gactapp · 1999 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016Clair & Associates v. Northwest *462 Carpets, 237 Ga. App. 537, 537-538 ( 515 SE2d 660 ) (1999) (“Under the full faith and credit clause of the United States Constitution, a judgment of a foreign court will be enforced by the courts of this State.

2016Clair & Associates v. Northwest *462 Carpets, 237 Ga. App. 537, 537-538 ( 515 SE2d 660 ) (1999) (“Under the full faith and credit clause of the United States Constitution, a judgment of a foreign court will be enforced by the courts of this State.

11
Brewton v. Possgreen
gactapp · 2012 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
1 sentence

2014Pursuant to Article 4, Section 1 of the United States Constitution, “Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State.”23 And in Georgia, it is well established that “[u]nder the full faith and credit clause of the United States Constitution, a judgment of a foreign court will be enforced by the courts of this state.”24 In fact, the judgment 22 See Brewton, 316 Ga. App. at 707 (holding that trial court erred in denying father’s legitimation petition given father’s substantial compliance with statute). 23 See U.S. Cons

11
Edmonds v. Stategreen
ga · 1946 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1996–1996
2 sentences

1996However, “aside from the full faith and credit clause of the Constitution, Congress would have no power to prescribe rules of evidence for State courts. [Cits.]” Edmonds v. State, 201 Ga. 108, 129 (6) ( 39 SE2d 24 ) (1946).

1996However, “aside from the full faith and credit clause of the Constitution, Congress would have no power to prescribe rules of evidence for State courts. [Cits.]” Edmonds v. State, 201 Ga. 108, 129 (6) ( 39 SE2d 24 ) (1946).

11
Coulborn v. Josephgreen
ga · 1943 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1990–1990
11
Bank of Lake Placid v. Rhinogreen
nysupct · 1981 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1988–1988
11
Roche v. McDonaldgreen
scotus · 1928 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1986–1986
11
Melnick v. Bank of Highwoodgreen
gactapp · 1979 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1984–1984
11
Ray v. Raygreen
ga · 1981 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1983–1983
11
New York Ex Rel. Halvey v. Halveygreen
scotus · 1947 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1979–1979
11
Ryle v. Rylegreen
gactapp · 1974 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1979–1979
11
Cunningham & Co. v. Curetongreen
· 1895 · cited in 1 Georgia opinions naming this issue, 1961–1961
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Georgia. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (53)

CaseCitedYears
Roberts v. Roberts green
ga · 1932
2 sentences

1974Cureton v. Cureton, 132 Ga. 745 (2) ( 65 SE 65 ).’ Roberts v. Roberts, 174 Ga. 645 ( 163 SE 735 ).” While plaintiff has accurately propounded the rule of law in both Napier and McLendon, those cases are not applicable in the case at bar.

1974Cureton v. Cureton, 132 Ga. 745 (2) ( 65 SE 65 ).’ Roberts v. Roberts, 174 Ga. 645 ( 163 SE 735 ).” While plaintiff has accurately propounded the rule of law in both Napier and McLendon, those cases are not applicable in the case at bar.

61941–1974
Ferster v. Ferster neutral
ga · 1964
2 sentences

2024H. dependent was an interlocutory or non-final order, and “the courts of this State are not bound under the full faith and credit clause . . . to enforce pendente lite or interlocutory judgments of a sister State that are by their own terms subject to revision or revocation.” Ferster v. Ferster, 219 Ga. 543 ( 134 SE2d 600 ) (1964); see also Blue v. Blue, 243 Ga. 22, 23 ( 252 SE2d 452 ) (1979) (“Georgia is not required by the full faith and credit clause to recognize non-final decrees.”).

1969Under identical statutes not only has South Carolina held that full faith and credit would not be given to a modifiable decree, but Georgia also has twice held: "A decree for alimony of a sister State, providing for future monthly payments, which by its own terms is subject to be revoked or modified, as to the *493 amount to be paid thereunder, by the court rendering such decree, is not such a decree as is enforceable in this State under the full faith and credit clause of the Constitution of the United States, or upon principles of comity." Cureton v. Cureton, 132 Ga. 745 (2) ( 65 SE 65 ); Fe

21969–2024
Gay v. Balkcom green
ga · 1964
2 sentences

2024H. dependent was an interlocutory or non-final order, and “the courts of this State are not bound under the full faith and credit clause . . . to enforce pendente lite or interlocutory judgments of a sister State that are by their own terms subject to revision or revocation.” Ferster v. Ferster, 219 Ga. 543 ( 134 SE2d 600 ) (1964); see also Blue v. Blue, 243 Ga. 22, 23 ( 252 SE2d 452 ) (1979) (“Georgia is not required by the full faith and credit clause to recognize non-final decrees.”).

1969Under identical statutes not only has South Carolina held that full faith and credit would not be given to a modifiable decree, but Georgia also has twice held: "A decree for alimony of a sister State, providing for future monthly payments, which by its own terms is subject to be revoked or modified, as to the *493 amount to be paid thereunder, by the court rendering such decree, is not such a decree as is enforceable in this State under the full faith and credit clause of the Constitution of the United States, or upon principles of comity." Cureton v. Cureton, 132 Ga. 745 (2) ( 65 SE 65 ); Fe

21969–2024
Brandon v. Brandon green
ga · 1922
2 sentences

1968The McAlhany case cites with approval Brandon v. Brandon. 154 Ga. 661 (4) ( 115 SE 115 ) in which the court stated (at p. 667) that “This brings us to consider the effect of a judgment [of another State] granting a divorce and awarding the custody of children, which was based upon constructive service by publication, without actual notice to the nonresident defendant.

1968The McAlhany case cites with approval Brandon v. Brandon. 154 Ga. 661 (4) ( 115 SE 115 ) in which the court stated (at p. 667) that “This brings us to consider the effect of a judgment [of another State] granting a divorce and awarding the custody of children, which was based upon constructive service by publication, without actual notice to the nonresident defendant.

21942–1968
Sharman v. Morton green
· 1860
2 sentences

1967“A judgment of a sister State, authenticated according to the Act of Congress, is conclusive on the defendant as to all questions that he could have been heard on in the court when and before the judgment was rendered.” Sharman v. Morton, 31 Ga. 34 (2).

1939We may say in the beginning that under the full faith and credit clause of the constitution (Code, § 1-401; McHenry v. McHenry, 152 Ga. 105 , 108 S. E. 522 ; Latine v. Clements, 3 Ga. 426 ; Tarver *225 v. Rankin, 3 Ga. 210 ; Sharman v. Morton, 31 Ga. 34 ; Thomas v. Morrisett, 76 Ga. 384 ) a judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction in Tennessee, if properly proved, may have the effect of former adjudication in matters pending in the courts of this State.

21939–1967
Williams v. North Carolina green
scotus · 1943
2 sentences

1967A. § 1738) have no application to such cases and that the decree “is subject to a collateral attack.” We need not repeat here the view of many cases cited therein including Williams v. North Carolina, 317 U. S. 287 (63 SC 207, 87 LE 279, 143 ALR 1273 ).

1951Prior to the decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in Williams v. North Carolina, 317 U. S. 287 (63 Sup. Ct. 207, 87 L. ed. 279, 143 A.L.R. 1273 ), a judgment of divorce rendered in another State, based upon constructive service on a resident of this State, did not come within the full faith and credit clause of the Federal Constitution, and the courts of this State were not obligated to recognize or enforce such decree.

21951–1967
Patterson v. Patterson green
ga · 1951
2 sentences

1953See Esenwein v. Pennsylvania, 325 U.S. 279 (65 Sup. Ct. 1118, 89 L. ed. 1608); Patterson v. Patterson, 208 Ga. 7 ( 64 S. E. 2d, 441 ).

1953See Esenwein v. Pennsylvania, 325 U.S. 279 (65 Sup. Ct. 1118, 89 L. ed. 1608); Patterson v. Patterson, 208 Ga. 7 ( 64 S. E. 2d, 441 ).

21951–1953
Haddock v. Haddock red
· 1906
2 sentences

1916Haddock v. Haddock, 201 U. S. 562 (26 Sup. Ct. 525, 50 L. ed. 867, 5 Ann.

1907That a judgment may have such attributes, see the case of Haddock v. Haddock, 201 U. S. 562 .

21907–1916
Chrison v. H & H INTERIORS, INC. green
gactapp · 1998
1 sentence

2001We are instructed by Chrison, supra, and by the doctrine of full faith and credit to apply federal law to determine whether the previous decision was actually on the merits.

12001–2001
Tandy Computer Leasing v. BENNETT'S SERVICE COMPANY green
gactapp · 1988
1 sentence

1998Tandy Computer, supra at 595 , 373 S.E.2d 647 .

11998–1998
AAA, INC. v. Lindberg green
gactapp · 1984
11993–1993
Nevada v. Hall red
scotus · 1979
1 sentence

1993Nevada v. Hall, 440 U. S. 410 (99 SC 1182, 59 LE2d 416) (1979). *566 “Comity is a principle under which the courts of one state give effect to the laws of another state or extend immunity to a sister sovereign not as a rule of law, but rather out of deference or respect.

11993–1993
Ritchie v. McMullen green
· 1895
11990–1990
Durfee v. Duke green
scotus · 1963
11983–1983
Schowe v. Amster green
ga · 1976
11983–1983
Pacific Employers Insurance v. Industrial Accident Comm'n green
scotus · 1939
11982–1982
Ware v. State green
ga · 1912
11976–1976
Owens v. State green
ga · 1912
11976–1976
Boggus v. Boggus green
ga · 1976
11976–1976
Woody v. Woody neutral
gactapp · 1955
11976–1976
Sherrer v. Sherrer green
scotus · 1948
11976–1976
Napier v. Napier green
gactapp · 1969
11974–1974
Morris v. Jones green
scotus · 1947
11972–1972
Grossman v. Grossman green
sc · 1963
11969–1969
McAlhany v. Allen green
ga · 1942
11968–1968
Tobin v. Tobin green
gactapp · 1956
11967–1967
Henderson v. Henderson green
ga · 1952
11956–1956
Johnson v. Muelberger green
scotus · 1951
11955–1955
Atkinson v. Atkinson green
ga · 1925
11953–1953
Adam v. Saenger green
scotus · 1938
11951–1951
Milliken v. Meyer green
scotus · 1941
11951–1951
Rice v. Rice green
scotus · 1949
11951–1951
Carr v. Rawlings green
ga · 1924
11950–1950
Green v. Whatley neutral
ga · 1924
11950–1950
Bennett v. Bainbridge Farm Co. green
ga · 1931
11950–1950
Cochran v. Cochran green
ga · 1931
11950–1950
Durden v. Durden green
ga · 1937
11950–1950
Adams v. Adams neutral
ga · 1941
11950–1950
Woodland v. Woodland neutral
ga · 1922
11947–1947
Small v. Slocumb green
ga · 1900
11946–1946

Statutes the citing opinions construe

GA § 9-12-130 (8) GA § 9-11-60 (6) GA § 9-12-132 (6) GA § 5-6-35 (4)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

NY 196 (1905–2025) CA 143 (1917–2025) TX 95 (1913–2026) IL 90 (1907–2026) NJ 82 (1906–2022) PA 78 (1926–2026) FL 77 (1922–2017) GA 75 (1907–2025) CT 74 (1930–2024) LA 49 (1923–2014) WA 47 (1908–2026) NC 46 (1909–2014) OH 45 (1919–2024) MD 37 (1915–2021) MO 35 (1909–2011) TN 34 (1917–2024) MA 32 (1914–2024) AL 30 (1922–2015) WV 27 (1914–2025) MI 26 (1918–2026) AR 24 (1926–2014) KS 24 (1907–2010) IN 24 (1922–2018) VA 23 (1924–2006) CO 22 (1912–2024) AZ 22 (1940–2023) SC 21 (1923–2018) OK 21 (1919–1994) IA 21 (1919–2025) OR 21 (1910–1983) MN 20 (1918–2001) NM 19 (1931–2018) NE 18 (1902–2023) MS 17 (1928–2024) DE 16 (1936–2022) RI 15 (1914–2010) ID 15 (1919–2012) NV 14 (1948–2015) MT 12 (1924–2008) KY 12 (1924–2021) UT 11 (1907–2011) DC 11 (1946–2025) ND 10 (1922–1984) AK 10 (1970–2022) SD 8 (1937–2024) VT 8 (1919–1976) WY 7 (1976–1998) HI 7 (1953–2010) ME 7 (1941–2014) NH 7 (1950–2014) WI 6 (1916–2002)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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