extended analysis in Missouri

9 Missouri opinions name it 2 courts 1976–2015 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Missouri courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (4)

Case	Followed	Cited
Bernskoetter v. Kixmillergreen moctapp · 1985 · cited in 2 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015 2 sentences 2015Cf. Estate of Bernskoetter, 693 S.W,2d 249, 251 (Mo.App.W.D.1985) (in the interest of judicial economy, the court decided the appeal on the merits rather than procedural error). 2015Cf. Estate of Bernskoetter, 693 S.W.2d 249, 251 (Mo. App. W.D. 1985) (in the interest of judicial economy, the court decided the appeal on the merits rather than procedural error).	2	2
State v. Kenleygreen mo · 1985 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1985–1985 2 sentences 1985Compare State v. Kenley, 693 S.W.2d 79 (Mo. banc 1985). 1985Compare State v. Kenley, 693 S.W.2d 79 (Mo. banc 1985).	1	1
Mitchell v. NORTH CAROLINA INDUS. DEVELOP. FIN. AU.green nc · 1968 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1978–1978 2 sentences 1978Without an extended analysis, we do refer to the treatment of this trend in Mitchell v. North Carolina Industrial Development Financing Authority, 273 N.C. 137 , 159 S.E.2d 745 (1968), in which the North Carolina Supreme Court pointed out that as of ten years ago, at least forty-two states (not counting North Carolina) had held that some form of governmental financing for industrial development serves a public purpose. 1978Without an extended analysis, we do refer to the treatment of this trend in Mitchell v. North Carolina Industrial Development Financing Authority, 273 N.C. 137 , 159 S.E.2d 745 (1968), in which the North Carolina Supreme Court pointed out that as of ten years ago, at least forty-two states (not counting North Carolina) had held that some form of governmental financing for industrial development serves a public purpose.	1	1
State v. Hendersongreen moctapp · 1974 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1976–1976 2 sentences 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir. 1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 2	1	1

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Missouri. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (15)

Case	Cited	Years
Matter of Walker green moctapp · 1994 1 sentence 2008Id. at 150 .	1	2008–2008
Borman v. O'DONLEY neutral moctapp · 1962 1 sentence 2004In so stating, we acknowledge that privity existed in Borman , yet the Borman court made an extended analysis of whether com silage was "raw state” feed, or "processed” feed, and the case turned on the court’s con-elusion that the com silage qualified as a "processed” product. 364 S.W.2d at 36 .	1	2004–2004
Oates v. Safeco Insurance Co. of America green mo · 1979 1 sentence 1989Co. of America, 583 S.W.2d 713 (Mo. banc 1979), the court extended the doctrine to allow strangers to the prior suit to assert collateral estoppel against a party to the prior suit.	1	1989–1989
Medico, Philip T. v. Time, Inc green ca3 · 1981 2 sentences 1986In Medico v. Time, Inc. 643 F.2d 134 (3rd Cir.1981), the court extended the privilege to Time’s publishing a magazine article which summarized secret FBI reports whose release to Time had not been authorized. 1986The article had reported that a Russell Bufalino had characterized Philip Medico as a “Mafia capo.” The court found that summaries of non-public government reports fell within the Section 611 privilege because “the FBI documents concerning Medico were compiled by government agents acting in their official capacities.” Id. at 140 .	1	1986–1986
cluster 449717 green ca8 · 1985 2 sentences 1985Extended analysis of Grigsby v. Mabry, 758 F.2d 226 (8th Cir.1985) is not necessary because the two jurors who might have served indicated reluctance to “put somebody in jail,” and so were properly excludable for the guilt-innocence phase. 1985Extended analysis of Grigsby v. Mabry, 758 F.2d 226 (8th Cir. 1985) is not necessary because the two jurors who might have served indicated reluctance to "put somebody in jail," and so were properly excludable for the guilt-innocence phase.	1	1985–1985
People v. King green cal · 1971 2 sentences 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28	1	1976–1976
United States v. Simpson green dc · 1975 2 sentences 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir. 1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 2	1	1976–1976
State v. Cox green minn · 1972 2 sentences 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28	1	1976–1976
United States v. James Wesley Harrison, Jr. green ca5 · 1972 2 sentences 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir. 1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 2	1	1976–1976
United States v. Lloyd Nelson Jones green ca5 · 1973 2 sentences 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir. 1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 2	1	1976–1976
United States v. Daniel C. Mason green cadc · 1975 2 sentences 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir. 1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 2	1	1976–1976
State v. Mayer green vt · 1971 2 sentences 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28	1	1976–1976
State v. Fulford green minn · 1971 2 sentences 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28	1	1976–1976
Simberg v. State green minn · 1970 2 sentences 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28	1	1976–1976
The People v. Doss green ill · 1970 2 sentences 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28 1976Support for the conclusion we reach can be found in the following: State v. Henderson, 510 S.W.2d 813, 819 (Mo.App.1974); United States v. Mason, 523 F.2d 1122 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Jones, 475 F.2d 723 (5th Cir. 1973); United States v. Harrison, 461 F.2d 1127 (5th Cir. 1972); United States v. Simpson, 330 A.2d 756 (D.C.1975); State v. Cox, 294 Minn. 252 , 200 N.W.2d 305 (1972); State v. Fulford, 290 Minn. 236 , 187 N.W.2d 270 (1971); State v. Mayer, 129 Vt. 564 , 283 A.2d 863 (1971); People v. King, 5 Cal.3d 458 , 96 Cal.Rptr. 464 , 487 P.2d 1032 (In Bank 1971); Simberg v. State, 28	1	1976–1976

Statutes the citing opinions construe

MO § Mo. Rev. Stat. § 512.020 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 53 (1934–2026) IL 34 (1902–2026) TX 33 (1901–2022) PA 29 (1928–2023) NY 29 (1874–2025) NJ 28 (1964–2024) MI 17 (1950–2023) FL 13 (1974–2025) OH 12 (1898–2024) MA 11 (1982–2018) WI 10 (1916–2022) NC 10 (1986–2016) AZ 9 (1955–2013) MD 9 (1930–2007) MO 9 (1976–2015) LA 9 (1938–2011) TN 8 (1987–2021) OR 8 (1978–2024) CO 8 (1956–2025) KS 8 (1894–2024) IA 7 (1947–2023) AL 7 (1918–1995) OK 7 (1907–2011) WA 6 (1896–2020) KY 6 (1944–2025) AK 6 (1975–2009) NM 5 (1937–2012) IN 5 (1885–2007) ID 5 (1912–2018) DC 4 (1983–2012) UT 4 (1983–2022) CT 4 (1997–2019) MN 4 (1954–1997) RI 4 (2000–2005) VA 4 (1981–2006) WY 4 (1986–1990) NH 4 (1969–2011) GA 3 (1979–2021) WV 3 (1988–2021) MT 3 (1978–1996) MS 2 (1996–2007) NE 2 (1979–2008) VT 2 (1914–2013) AR 2 (1922–1946) HI 2 (1999–2007) DE 2 (1976–1980) NV 2 (2017–2017) SC 2 (1988–2004) ME 2 (1877–1982)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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