bad faith claim (Iowa) · Go Syfert
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bad faith claim in Iowa

37 Iowa opinions name it 2 courts 1965–2026 4 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Iowa courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (37)

CaseFollowedCited
Leuchtenmacher v. Farm Bureau Mutual Insurance Co.green
iowa · 1990 · cited in 5 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2015–2026
2 sentences

2026Co., 460 N.W.2d 858, 861 (Iowa 1990) (finding that a bad-faith claim brought against an insurance company after prior litigation awarding the plaintiff damages was not barred by res judicata, as the “bad-faith claim might well be based on events subsequent to the filing of the suit on a policy and therefore could not be based on the ʻsame’ facts”); but see Villareal v. United Fire & Cas.

2019Co., 460 N.W.2d 858, 861 (Iowa 1990)); accord id. at 729 (“[W]hen the bad-faith claim is based on conduct that occurred after the breach-of-contract case was filed, that is a different kettle of fish.”).

55
Bellville v. Farm Bureau Mutual Insurance Co.green
iowa · 2005 · cited in 7 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2006–2017
2 sentences

2017The reasonable basis element of a bad-faith claim “is an objective one.” Bellville, 702 N.W.2d at 473 .

2017The reasonable basis element of a bad-faith claim “is an objective one.” Bellville, 702 N.W.2d at 473 .

37
Arnevik v. University of Minnesota Board of Regentsgreen
iowa · 2002 · cited in 3 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2015–2016
2 sentences

2016See Arnevik, 642 N.W.2d at 319 ; see also Pavone, 807 N.W.2d at 838 (noting the Clinton action “could have been fully and fairly adjudicated in the original Emmetsburg action”).

2016See Amevik, 642 N.W.2d at 319 ; see also Pavone, 807 N.W.2d at 838 (noting the Clinton action “could have been fully and fairly adjudicated in the original Emmetsburg action”).

33
Dolan v. Aid Insurance Co.green
iowa · 1988 · cited in 4 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 1992–2014
2 sentences

2014Our supreme court first recognized a bad faith claim against insurance carriers in Dolan v. Aid Insurance Co., 431 N.W.2d 790 (Iowa 1988).

2001However, the “[u]se of the bad faith ‘fairly debatable’ standard does not require that we also use the second element of the bad-faith claim: the insurer’s ‘knowledge or reckless disregard of the lack of a reasonable basis for denying the claim.’ ” Id. (quoting Dolan, 431 N.W.2d at 794 ).

24
Reuter v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co.green
iowa · 1991 · cited in 3 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 1994–2021
2 sentences

2021Ins., 469 N.W.2d 250, 254 (Iowa 1991) (affirming directed verdict in favor of an insurer on an insured’s bad-faith claim where the insurer reasonably sought an independent professional evaluation of the claim and relied on the professional’s opinions).

2005Stephen S. Ashley, Bad Faith Actions Liability & Damages § 5:04, at 5-17 to 5-18 (2d ed.1997) (also discussing exceptions to this rule, none of which are implicated here) [hereinafter “Bad Faith Actions ”]; accord Reuter, 469 N.W.2d at 254 (noting that existence of submissible jury question on insured’s entitlement to policy benefits will generally, though not automatically, establish that the issue is fairly debatable); see also Chateau Chamberay Homeowners Ass’n v. Associated Int’l Ins.

23
Kiner v. Reliance Insurance Co.green
iowa · 1990 · cited in 3 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2016–2017
2 sentences

2017In Kiner v. Reliance Insurance, we expressly held the district court had subject matter jurisdiction over a claimant’s bad-faith claim against a workers’’compensation insurer arising from an unreasonable denial of medical benefits. 463 N.W.2d 9, 11-12 (Iowa 1990).

2017In Kiner v. Reliance Insurance, we expressly held the district court had subject matter jurisdiction over a claimant’s bad-faith claim against a workers’ compensation insurer arising from an unreasonable denial of 11Although American Interstate failed to argue lack of subject matter jurisdiction at the district court, a challenge to subject matter jurisdiction “may be made at any time.” See Kloster, 612 N.W.2d at 773–74; Bailey v. Batchelder, 576 N.W.2d 334 , 337– 38 (Iowa 1998) (holding the exclusivity of the Workers’ Compensation Act goes to the court’s subject matter jurisdiction and can be

23
Handley v. Farm Bureau Mutual Insurance Co.green
iowa · 1991 · cited in 3 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 1993–2016
2 sentences

2016Co., 467 N.W.2d 247, 249 (Iowa 1991) (indicating the plaintiff’s bad-faith claim was “not premature”).

1993In Handley , the court found a plaintiff bringing a bad faith claim was entitled to discovery of the insurer’s files. 467 N.W.2d at 250 .

23
Arizona v. Youngbloodgreen
scotus · 1989 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 1992–2025
2 sentences

2025Turning to the claim preserved on remand, Beeman argues he is entitled to a new trial under Arizona v. Youngblood, 488 U.S. 51, 58 (1988), because “the State failed to preserve critical biological evidence in this case in bad faith.” As the PCR court noted, Iowa courts have adopted the bad faith standard from Youngblood.

2025Turning to the claim preserved on remand, Beeman argues he is entitled to a new trial under Arizona v. Youngblood, 488 U.S. 51, 58 (1988), because “the State failed to preserve critical biological evidence in this case in bad faith.” As the PCR court noted, Iowa courts have adopted the bad faith standard from Youngblood.

22
Coleman v. American Universal Insurance Co.red
wis · 1979 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
2 sentences

2019In the well-reasoned case of Coleman v. American Universal Insurance , 86 Wis.2d 615 , 273 N.W.2d 220 , 223 (1979), superseded by statute as stated in Aslakson v. Gallagher Bassett Services, Inc. , 300 Wis.2d 92 , 729 N.W.2d 712 , 725 (2007), the Wisconsin Supreme Court approved a bad-faith claim, noting that when the "claimed injury was distinct in time and place from the original on-the-job physical injury which was subject to the Compensation Act. ...

2019In the well-reasoned case of Coleman v. American Universal Insurance , 86 Wis.2d 615 , 273 N.W.2d 220 , 223 (1979), superseded by statute as stated in Aslakson v. Gallagher Bassett Services, Inc. , 300 Wis.2d 92 , 729 N.W.2d 712 , 725 (2007), the Wisconsin Supreme Court approved a bad-faith claim, noting that when the "claimed injury was distinct in time and place from the original on-the-job physical injury which was subject to the Compensation Act. ...

22
Gibson v. ITT Hartford Ins. Co.green
iowa · 2001 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
2 sentences

2019See Gibson v. ITT Hartford Ins., 621 N.W.2d 388, 397 (Iowa 2001) (en banc).

2019See Gibson v. ITT Hartford Ins. , 621 N.W.2d 388 , 397 (Iowa 2001) (en banc).

22
Cary v. United of Omaha Life Insurance Co.green
colo · 2003 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
2 sentences

2019The Colorado Supreme Court considered whether a third-party administrator could be liable to a bad-faith claim from an insured in a health insurance context in Cary v. United of Omaha Life Insurance, 68 P.3d 462, 463 (Colo. 2003) (en banc).

2019The Colorado Supreme Court considered whether a third-party administrator could be liable to a bad-faith claim from an insured in a health insurance context in Cary v. United of Omaha Life Insurance , 68 P.3d 462 , 463 (Colo. 2003) (en banc).

22
Sanchez v. Lindsey Morden Claims Services, Inc.green
calctapp · 1999 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
2 sentences

2019App. 1998) (affirming summary judgment in favor of a third-party administrator on a bad-faith claim based on lack of privity), aff'd in part, vacated in part, rev'd in part on other grounds , Ex Parte Simmons , 791 So.2d 371 (Ala. 2000) ; Sanchez v. Lindsey Morden Claims Servs., Inc. , 72 Cal.App.4th 249 , 84 Cal.Rptr.2d 799 , 803 (1999) ("Our decision is consistent with the majority of cases in other states, which hold that an independent adjuster hired by the insurer owes no duty of care to the insured."); Charleston Dry Cleaners & Laundry, Inc. v. Zurich Am.

2019App. 1998) (affirming summary judgment in favor of a third-party administrator on a bad-faith claim based on lack of privity), aff'd in part, vacated in part, rev'd in part on other grounds , Ex Parte Simmons , 791 So.2d 371 (Ala. 2000) ; Sanchez v. Lindsey Morden Claims Servs., Inc. , 72 Cal.App.4th 249 , 84 Cal.Rptr.2d 799 , 803 (1999) ("Our decision is consistent with the majority of cases in other states, which hold that an independent adjuster hired by the insurer owes no duty of care to the insured."); Charleston Dry Cleaners & Laundry, Inc. v. Zurich Am.

22
Aslakson v. Gallagher Bassett Services, Inc.green
wis · 2007 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
2 sentences

2019In the well-reasoned case of Coleman v. American Universal Insurance , 86 Wis.2d 615 , 273 N.W.2d 220 , 223 (1979), superseded by statute as stated in Aslakson v. Gallagher Bassett Services, Inc. , 300 Wis.2d 92 , 729 N.W.2d 712 , 725 (2007), the Wisconsin Supreme Court approved a bad-faith claim, noting that when the "claimed injury was distinct in time and place from the original on-the-job physical injury which was subject to the Compensation Act. ...

2019In the well-reasoned case of Coleman v. American Universal Insurance , 86 Wis.2d 615 , 273 N.W.2d 220 , 223 (1979), superseded by statute as stated in Aslakson v. Gallagher Bassett Services, Inc. , 300 Wis.2d 92 , 729 N.W.2d 712 , 725 (2007), the Wisconsin Supreme Court approved a bad-faith claim, noting that when the "claimed injury was distinct in time and place from the original on-the-job physical injury which was subject to the Compensation Act. ...

22
Craig Carpenter v. Southwest Medical Examination Services, Inc.green
texapp · 2012 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
2 sentences

2019Examination Servs., Inc., 381 S.W.3d 583, 588 (Tex. App. 2012) (holding that a bad-faith claim against an administrative services firm was barred by Texas precedent disallowing bad-faith claims against workers’ compensation carriers themselves).

2019Examination Servs., Inc. , 381 S.W.3d 583 , 588 (Tex. App. 2012) (holding that a bad-faith claim against an administrative services firm was barred by Texas precedent disallowing bad-faith claims against workers' compensation carriers themselves).

22
Gruenberg v. Aetna Insurancegreen
cal · 1973 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
2 sentences

2019See, e.g. , Gruenberg v. Aetna Ins. , 9 Cal.3d 566 , 108 Cal.Rptr. 480 , 510 P.2d 1032 , 1038-39 (1973) (en banc); see also Stempel, 15 Conn. Ins.

2019See, e.g. , Gruenberg v. Aetna Ins. , 9 Cal.3d 566 , 108 Cal.Rptr. 480 , 510 P.2d 1032 , 1038-39 (1973) (en banc); see also Stempel, 15 Conn. Ins.

22
Charleston Dry Cleaners & Laundry, Inc. v. Zurich American Insurancegreen
sc · 2003 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
2 sentences

2019Ins. , 355 S.C. 614 , 586 S.E.2d 586 , 588 (S.C. 2003) (holding that "no bad faith claim can be brought against an independent adjuster or independent adjusting company" due to the lack of privity); Natividad v. Alexsis, Inc. , 875 S.W.2d 695 , 697-98 (Tex. 1994) (finding that a claims adjustment firm could not be sued in bad faith by the injured employee because it was not part of the special relationship among the employee, the employer, and the insurer); Carpenter , 381 S.W.3d at 588-89 (summarizing Texas authority that forecloses actions against adjusting and administrative services firms

2019Ins. , 355 S.C. 614 , 586 S.E.2d 586 , 588 (S.C. 2003) (holding that "no bad faith claim can be brought against an independent adjuster or independent adjusting company" due to the lack of privity); Natividad v. Alexsis, Inc. , 875 S.W.2d 695 , 697-98 (Tex. 1994) (finding that a claims adjustment firm could not be sued in bad faith by the injured employee because it was not part of the special relationship among the employee, the employer, and the insurer); Carpenter , 381 S.W.3d at 588-89 (summarizing Texas authority that forecloses actions against adjusting and administrative services firms

22
Salazar v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co.green
coloctapp · 2006 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016We will review some representative cases. 15 In Salazar v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co., the Colorado Court of Appeals applied the Restatement’s transactional approach and held that an insured’s bad-faith claim, which was filed after the insured obtained a judgment awarding her UIM policy benefits, was barred by claim preclusion. 148 P.3d 278, 279 , 281–82 (Colo. App. 2006).

2016In Salazar v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co., the Colorado Court of Appeals applied the Restatements transactional approach and held that an insured’s bad-faith claim, which was filed after the insured obtained a judgment awarding her UIM policy benefits, was barred by claim preclusion. 148 P.3d 278, 279, 281-82 (Colo.App.2006).

22
Johnson Ex Rel. Johnson v. State Farm Automobile Insurance Co.green
iowactapp · 1993 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
22
John P. Pavone and Signature Management Group, L.L.C. Vs. Gerald M. Kirke and Wild Rose Clinton, L.L.C.green
iowa · 2011 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016See Arnevik, 642 N.W.2d at 319 ; see also Pavone, 807 N.W.2d at 838 (noting the Clinton action “could have been fully and fairly adjudicated in the original Emmetsburg action”).

2016See Amevik, 642 N.W.2d at 319 ; see also Pavone, 807 N.W.2d at 838 (noting the Clinton action “could have been fully and fairly adjudicated in the original Emmetsburg action”).

22
Brown v. Superior Court in & for Maricopa Cy.green
ariz · 1983 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
22
McIlravy v. North River Insurance Co.green
iowa · 2002 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2007–2020
2 sentences

2020An insurer is liable for bad faith only when the evidence shows “(1) that the insurer had no reasonable basis for denying benefits under the policy,” and “(2) the insurer knew, or had reason to know, that its denial was without basis.” Thornton I, 897 N.W.2d at 461–62 (quoting McIlravy v. N. River Ins., 653 N.W.2d 323, 329 (Iowa 2002)).

2007McIlravy, 653 N.W.2d at 326-27 .

12
Dadeland Depot v. St. Paul Fire and Marine Ins.green
ca11 · 2004 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
12
Christensen v. Snap-On Tools Corporationgreen
iowa · 1996 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2001–2014
12
Geisler v. CITY COUNCIL OF CEDAR FALLSgreen
iowa · 2009 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
11
State ex rel. Humble Oil & Refining Co. v. Wahnergreen
wis · 1964 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
11
Incorporated Town of Carter Lake v. Anderson Excavating & Wrecking Co.green
iowa · 1976 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
11
United States Cellular Corp. v. Board of Adjustmentgreen
iowa · 1999 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
11
State v. Dulaneygreen
iowa · 1992 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
11
Dakota, Minnesota & Eastern Railroad v. Acuitygreen
sd · 2009 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
11
Agrawal v. Paul Revere Life Ins. Co.green
iand · 2001 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Victor Ingrim Nancy Ingrim v. State Farm Fire & Casualty Companygreen
ca8 · 2001 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Stone v. BENEFICIAL STANDARD LIFE INSURANCE CO.green
or · 1975 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Whalen v. Connellygreen
iowa · 2001 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
City of Madrid v. Blasnitzgreen
iowa · 2007 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
11
Gardner v. Hartford Insurance Accident & Indemnity Co.green
iowa · 2003 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
11
Frazier v. Metropolitan Life Insurancegreen
calctapp · 1985 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 1994–1994
11
Bankers Life & Casualty Company v. C. M. Kirtley, Trustee in Corporate Reorganization Proceedings of Automatic Washer Companygreen
ca8 · 1962 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 1990–1990
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Iowa. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (22)

CaseCitedYears
Ben Villarreal Jr., Cleo Martinez, and Lacasa Martinez Texmex, Inc. v. United Fire & Casualty Company D/B/A United Fire Group green
iowa · 2016
2 sentences

2026Co., 873 N.W.2d 714 , 721–22 (Iowa 2016) (distinguishing from Leuchtenmacher in a similar bad-faith analysis in determining whether claim or issue preclusion apply and stating, “Leuchtenmacher does indicate that a bad-faith claim based on events subsequent to the filing of a breach-of-contract claim would not be precluded by a judgment in the breach-of-contract case.

2026Co., 873 N.W.2d 714 , 721–22 (Iowa 2016) (distinguishing from Leuchtenmacher in a similar bad-faith analysis in determining whether claim or issue preclusion apply and stating, “Leuchtenmacher does indicate that a bad-faith claim based on events subsequent to the filing of a breach-of-contract claim would not be precluded by a judgment in the breach-of-contract case.

32019–2026
Rodda v. Vermeer Manufacturing green
iowa · 2007
2 sentences

2017Id. at 483-84 .

2017Id. at 483–84.

32014–2017
Scott Wolf v. Prudential Insurance Company Of America green
ca10 · 1995
2 sentences

2019See, e.g., Cary, 68 P.3d at 466–68; Wolf, 50 F.3d at 797–98; Wathor, 87 P.3d at 562–63; Dellaira, 102 P.3d at 115 .

2019See, e.g. , Cary , 68 P.3d at 466-68 ; Wolf , 50 F.3d at 797-98 ; Wathor , 87 P.3d at 562-63 ; Dellaira , 102 P.3d at 115 .

22019–2019
Bremer v. Wallace green
iowa · 2007
2 sentences

2019Id. at 803–04.

2019Id. at 803-04 .

22019–2019
Natividad v. Alexsis, Inc. green
tex · 1994
2 sentences

2019Ins., 586 S.E.2d 586, 588 (S.C. 2003) (holding that “no bad faith claim can be brought against an independent adjuster or independent adjusting company” due to the lack of privity); Natividad v. Alexsis, Inc., 875 S.W.2d 695 , 697–98 (Tex. 1994) (finding that a claims adjustment firm could not be sued in bad faith by the injured employee 20 because it was not part of the special relationship among the employee, the employer, and the insurer); Carpenter, 381 S.W.3d at 588–89 (summarizing Texas authority that forecloses actions against adjusting and administrative services firms for bad faith be

2019Ins. , 355 S.C. 614 , 586 S.E.2d 586 , 588 (S.C. 2003) (holding that "no bad faith claim can be brought against an independent adjuster or independent adjusting company" due to the lack of privity); Natividad v. Alexsis, Inc. , 875 S.W.2d 695 , 697-98 (Tex. 1994) (finding that a claims adjustment firm could not be sued in bad faith by the injured employee because it was not part of the special relationship among the employee, the employer, and the insurer); Carpenter , 381 S.W.3d at 588-89 (summarizing Texas authority that forecloses actions against adjusting and administrative services firms

22019–2019
Wathor v. Mutual Assurance Administrators, Inc. green
okla · 2004
2 sentences

2019See, e.g., Cary, 68 P.3d at 466–68; Wolf, 50 F.3d at 797–98; Wathor, 87 P.3d at 562–63; Dellaira, 102 P.3d at 115 .

2019See, e.g. , Cary , 68 P.3d at 466-68 ; Wolf , 50 F.3d at 797-98 ; Wathor , 87 P.3d at 562-63 ; Dellaira , 102 P.3d at 115 .

22019–2019
Ex Parte Simmons green
ala · 2000
2 sentences

2019App. 1998) (affirming summary judgment in favor of a third-party administrator on a bad-faith claim based on lack of privity), aff’d in part, vacated in part, rev’d in part on other grounds, Ex Parte Simmons, 791 So.2d 371 (Ala. 2000); Sanchez v. Lindsey Morden Claims Servs., Inc., 84 Cal. Rptr. 2d 799, 803 (Ct. App. 1999) (“Our decision is consistent with the majority of cases in other states, which hold that an independent adjuster hired by the insurer owes no duty of care to the insured.”); Charleston Dry Cleaners & Laundry, Inc. v. Zurich Am.

2019App. 1998) (affirming summary judgment in favor of a third-party administrator on a bad-faith claim based on lack of privity), aff'd in part, vacated in part, rev'd in part on other grounds , Ex Parte Simmons , 791 So.2d 371 (Ala. 2000) ; Sanchez v. Lindsey Morden Claims Servs., Inc. , 72 Cal.App.4th 249 , 84 Cal.Rptr.2d 799 , 803 (1999) ("Our decision is consistent with the majority of cases in other states, which hold that an independent adjuster hired by the insurer owes no duty of care to the insured."); Charleston Dry Cleaners & Laundry, Inc. v. Zurich Am.

22019–2019
Delos v. Farmers Insurance Group green
calctapp · 1979
2 sentences

2019Id. at 849 .

2019Id. at 849 .

22019–2019
Dellaira v. Farmers Insurance Exchange green
nmctapp · 2004
2 sentences

2019See, e.g., Cary, 68 P.3d at 466–68; Wolf, 50 F.3d at 797–98; Wathor, 87 P.3d at 562–63; Dellaira, 102 P.3d at 115 .

2019See, e.g. , Cary , 68 P.3d at 466-68 ; Wolf , 50 F.3d at 797-98 ; Wathor , 87 P.3d at 562-63 ; Dellaira , 102 P.3d at 115 .

22019–2019
Iowa Coal Mining Co. v. Monroe County green
iowa · 1996
2 sentences

2016Id. at 443–45. 29 plaintiffs’ counsel conceded a bad-faith claim could have been filed in March 2008 as part of the action seeking recovery for policy benefits.

2016Id. at 443–45. 29 plaintiffs’ counsel conceded a bad-faith claim could have been filed in March 2008 as part of the action seeking recovery for policy benefits.

22016–2016
Charles C. McCarty and Cora L. McCarty v. First of Georgia Insurance Company green
ca1 · 1983
2 sentences

2016The Tenth Circuit held the bad-faith claim was not barred by claim preclusion because the plaintiffs had “pleaded sufficient facts to support their theory that the company’s wrongful concealment prevented them from asserting their tort claim in the first action.” Id. at 613 .

2016The Tenth Circuit held the bad-faith claim was not barred by claim preclusion because the plaintiffs had “pleaded sufficient facts to support their theory that the company’s wrongful concealment prevented them from asserting their tort claim in the first action.” Id. at 613 .

22016–2016
Powell v. Infinity Insurance green
conn · 2007
22016–2016
Aetna Life Insurance v. Lavoie green
scotus · 1986
22008–2008
Toby Thornton v. American Interstate Insurance Company green
iowa · 2017
12020–2020
Central Life Insurance Co. v. Aetna Casualty & Surety Co. green
iowa · 1991
12018–2018
Bailey v. Batchelder green
iowa · 1998
12017–2017
Kloster v. Hormel Foods Corp. green
iowa · 2000
12017–2017
Reedy v. White Consolidated Industries, Inc. green
iowa · 1993
12011–2011
Sampson v. American Standard Insurance Co. green
iowa · 1998
11999–1999
Hearn v. Rickenbacker green
mich · 1987
11994–1994
Tallman v. Hanssen green
iowa · 1988
11993–1993
Henke v. Iowa Home Mutual Casualty Company green
iowa · 1959
11965–1965

Statutes the citing opinions construe

IA § Iowa Code § 85.20 (5) IA § Iowa Code § 85.27 (5) IA § Iowa Code § 85.34 (5) IA § Iowa Code § 17A.19 (4) IA § Iowa Code § 614.1 (3) IA § Iowa Code § 684A.1 (3) IA § Iowa Code § 85.35 (3) IA § Iowa Code § 87.21 (3) IA § Iowa Code § 87.4 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

TX 149 (1985–2026) CA 135 (1958–2026) FL 134 (1984–2026) PA 125 (1975–2026) DE 122 (1988–2026) AL 111 (1982–2025) CT 103 (1989–2026) OH 89 (1980–2025) WA 78 (1991–2024) AZ 54 (1979–2026) CO 53 (1976–2026) OK 52 (1983–2026) WI 49 (1984–2025) IL 47 (1983–2026) KY 43 (1992–2026) IA 37 (1965–2026) MS 35 (1984–2024) IN 34 (1981–2026) GA 33 (1994–2025) WV 32 (1987–2026) DC 30 (1984–2024) NM 27 (1993–2023) TN 24 (1996–2017) NY 22 (1986–2023) NC 21 (1989–2026) MI 20 (1984–2026) SD 19 (1973–2026) NJ 18 (1986–2026) MT 18 (1990–2024) UT 18 (1992–2026) NV 16 (1987–2021) ID 16 (1989–2025) HI 16 (1995–2014) SC 15 (1989–2025) RI 13 (1988–2025) MO 13 (1995–2024) AK 12 (1978–2003) VT 12 (2002–2026) OR 12 (1974–2023) MN 11 (1976–2014) KS 9 (1982–2024) WY 8 (1991–2022) AR 7 (1985–2024) VA 7 (1990–2026) MD 6 (1968–2012) NE 6 (1992–2022) ND 6 (1993–2013) ME 6 (1989–2021) MA 5 (1991–2018) LA 3 (1987–2014)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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