highly deferential standard (Colorado) · Go Syfert
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highly deferential standard in Colorado

11 Colorado opinions name it 2 courts 2002–2025 2 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Colorado courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (7)

CaseFollowedCited
People v. Beauvaisgreen
colo · 2017 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025See People v. Beauvais, 2017 CO 34, ¶ 31 (“As with any other finding of fact, a highly deferential standard of review precludes an appellate court from substituting its reading of a cold record for the trial court’s in- the-moment and better-informed determination.”). ¶ 42 We recognize that the district court didn’t articulate the proper standard in determining whether a mistrial was appropriate.

11
Gebhardt v. Gebhardtgreen
colo · 1979 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
2 sentences

2017Cf., e.g., Gebhardt v. Gebhardt, 198 Colo. 28 , 595 P.2d 1048, 1050 (1979) (“It is axiomatic that an appellate court cannot substitute itself as a finder of fact.... ”). ¶32 In Batson step-three rulings, the determination that trial courts must make is whether the objecting party proved by a preponderance of the evidence that discriminatory animus drove the striking party’s use of peremptory challenges.

2017Cf., e.g., Gebhardt v. Gebhardt, 595 P.2d 1048, 1050 (“It is axiomatic that an appellate court cannot substitute itself as a finder of fact . . . .”). ¶32 In Batson step-three rulings, the determination that trial courts must make is whether the objecting party proved by a preponderance of the evidence that discriminatory animus drove the striking party’s use of peremptory challenges.

11
People v. Robinsongreen
coloctapp · 2008 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
1 sentence

2017O'Shaughnessy v. People, 2012 CO 9, ¶ 1 , 269 P.3d 1233, 1234 ; People v. Robinson, 187 P.3d 1166, 1174 (Colo. App. 2008). 16 ¶31 The reasoning underlying these cases is largely driven by the highly deferential standard of review that appellate courts apply in evaluating step-three determinations.

11
Jackson v. Unocal Corp.green
colo · 2011 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
1 sentence

2014Under this highly deferential standard, "so long as the trial court rigorously analyzes the evidence, it retains discretion to find to its satisfaction whether the evidence supports each C.R.C.P. 28 requirement." Jackson v. Unocal Corp., 262 P.3d 874, 884 (Colo.2011).

11
Edgar v. Stategreen
moctapp · 2004 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
1 sentence

2013Id. ¶ 20 Similarly, the Missouri Court of Appeals has repeatedly held that "[a] venireperson's silence may constitute an unequivocal assurance of impartiality sufficient for the purpose of rehabilitation." State v. Garrison, 276 S.W.3d 372 , 377 (Mo.Ct.App.2009) ; see also Edgar v. State, 145 S.W.3d 458 (Mo.Ct.App.2004) ; State v. Clark, 55 S.W.3d 398 (Mo.Ct.App.2001) ; State v. Bebermeyer, 743 S.W.2d 516 (Mo.Ct.App.1987).

11
Bainbridge v. BOARD OF COUNTY COM'RSgreen
coloctapp · 2001 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
1 sentence

2011Comm'rs, 53 P.3d 646, 649 (Colo.App. 2001).

11
Carrillo v. Peoplegreen
colo · 1999 · cited in 1 Colorado opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007See Carrillo v. People, 974 P.2d 478, 485-86 (Colo.1999) (emphasizing that the abuse of discretion standard is a "very high standard of review").

2007See Carrillo v. People, 974 P.2d 478, 485-86 (Colo.1999) (emphasizing that the abuse of discretion standard is a "very high standard of review").

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Colorado. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (9)

CaseCitedYears
Pagosa Area Water & Sanitation District v. Trout Unlimited green
colo · 2009
2 sentences

2010Id.

2010Id.

22010–2010
Day v. Johnson green
colo · 2011
2 sentences

2025Id. ¶ 118 To be sure, abuse of discretion is a highly deferential standard.

2025Id. (“A trial court’s ruling on jury instructions is an 56 abuse of discretion only when the ruling is manifestly arbitrary, unreasonable, or unfair.” (quoting Day, 255 P.3d at 1067 )).

12025–2025
O'Shaughnessy v. People green
colo · 2012
2 sentences

2017O'Shaughnessy v. People, 2012 CO 9, ¶ 1 , 269 P.3d 1233, 1234 ; People v. Robinson, 187 P.3d 1166, 1174 (Colo. App. 2008). 16 ¶31 The reasoning underlying these cases is largely driven by the highly deferential standard of review that appellate courts apply in evaluating step-three determinations.

2017O'Shaughnessy v. People, 2012 CO 9, ¶ 1 , 269 P.3d 1233, 1234 ; People v. Robinson, 187 P.3d 1166, 1174 (Colo. App. 2008). 16 ¶31 The reasoning underlying these cases is largely driven by the highly deferential standard of review that appellate courts apply in evaluating step-three determinations.

12017–2017
State v. Clark green
moctapp · 2001
1 sentence

2013Id. ¶ 20 Similarly, the Missouri Court of Appeals has repeatedly held that "[a] venireperson's silence may constitute an unequivocal assurance of impartiality sufficient for the purpose of rehabilitation." State v. Garrison, 276 S.W.3d 372 , 377 (Mo.Ct.App.2009) ; see also Edgar v. State, 145 S.W.3d 458 (Mo.Ct.App.2004) ; State v. Clark, 55 S.W.3d 398 (Mo.Ct.App.2001) ; State v. Bebermeyer, 743 S.W.2d 516 (Mo.Ct.App.1987).

12013–2013
Jacobs v. Jacobs green
moctapp · 1987
1 sentence

2013Id. ¶ 20 Similarly, the Missouri Court of Appeals has repeatedly held that "[a] venireperson's silence may constitute an unequivocal assurance of impartiality sufficient for the purpose of rehabilitation." State v. Garrison, 276 S.W.3d 372 , 377 (Mo.Ct.App.2009) ; see also Edgar v. State, 145 S.W.3d 458 (Mo.Ct.App.2004) ; State v. Clark, 55 S.W.3d 398 (Mo.Ct.App.2001) ; State v. Bebermeyer, 743 S.W.2d 516 (Mo.Ct.App.1987).

12013–2013
United States v. Roberto Martinez-Martinez green
ca9 · 2004
1 sentence

2013Id. ¶ 20 Similarly, the Missouri Court of Appeals has repeatedly held that "[a] venireperson's silence may constitute an unequivocal assurance of impartiality sufficient for the purpose of rehabilitation." State v. Garrison, 276 S.W.3d 372 , 377 (Mo.Ct.App.2009) ; see also Edgar v. State, 145 S.W.3d 458 (Mo.Ct.App.2004) ; State v. Clark, 55 S.W.3d 398 (Mo.Ct.App.2001) ; State v. Bebermeyer, 743 S.W.2d 516 (Mo.Ct.App.1987).

12013–2013
State v. Garrison green
moctapp · 2009
1 sentence

2013Id. ¶ 20 Similarly, the Missouri Court of Appeals has repeatedly held that "[a] venireperson's silence may constitute an unequivocal assurance of impartiality sufficient for the purpose of rehabilitation." State v. Garrison, 276 S.W.3d 372 , 377 (Mo.Ct.App.2009) ; see also Edgar v. State, 145 S.W.3d 458 (Mo.Ct.App.2004) ; State v. Clark, 55 S.W.3d 398 (Mo.Ct.App.2001) ; State v. Bebermeyer, 743 S.W.2d 516 (Mo.Ct.App.1987).

12013–2013
City of Thornton v. Bijou Irrigation Co. green
colo · 1996
1 sentence

2009Id.

12009–2009
Trinity Broadcasting of Denver, Inc. v. City of Westminster green
colo · 1993
1 sentence

2002Id.

12002–2002

Where else courts name it

TX 289 (1997–2026) IN 192 (2001–2025) OH 111 (2000–2026) PA 96 (2004–2026) NJ 82 (1996–2026) CA 70 (1984–2026) MS 35 (1991–2025) IL 34 (2011–2026) VA 28 (2011–2026) VT 27 (1993–2026) FL 25 (1993–2023) WI 25 (1997–2026) MI 22 (2000–2026) MD 20 (1995–2024) WA 17 (2009–2024) CT 16 (1999–2025) VI 13 (2011–2024) MA 13 (1997–2026) UT 12 (2007–2025) CO 11 (2002–2025) NM 9 (2004–2026) SC 9 (2008–2021) ME 9 (1983–2018) AL 8 (1996–2014) DE 8 (2002–2025) NY 7 (2008–2021) KY 7 (2008–2025) ND 6 (2008–2026) WV 6 (1995–2025) KS 6 (2010–2025) TN 5 (2000–2025) NC 4 (2014–2024) IA 4 (1994–2022) OR 4 (2012–2025) OK 3 (2003–2015) GA 3 (2020–2025) NE 3 (2025–2026)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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