highly deferential standard (Indiana) · Go Syfert
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highly deferential standard in Indiana

192 Indiana opinions name it 3 courts 2001–2025 2 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Indiana courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (9)

CaseFollowedCited
In Re DBgreen
indctapp · 2011 · cited in 71 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2012–2020
2 sentences

2020In re D.B., 942 N.E.2d 867, 871 (Ind. Ct. App. 2011).

2020In re D.B., 942 N.E.2d 867, 871 (Ind. Ct. App. 2011).

6971
C.A. v. Indiana Department of Child Servicesgreen
indctapp · 2014 · cited in 31 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2016–2020
2 sentences

2020Ind. Code § 31-35-2-8 (a). [9] “We have long had a highly deferential standard of review in cases involving the termination of parental rights.” C.A. v. Ind. Dep’t of Child Servs., 15 N.E.3d 85, 92 (Ind. Ct. App. 2014).

2020Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-JT-2004 | March 10, 2020 Page 11 of 19 [20] “We have long had a highly deferential standard of review in cases involving the termination of parental rights.” C.A. v. Indiana Dep’t of Child Servs., 15 N.E.3d 85, 92 (Ind. Ct. App. 2014).

2931
Matter of DGgreen
indctapp · 1998 · cited in 3 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2018–2019
2 sentences

2019Indeed, a factfinding court, “recognizing the permanent effect of termination . . . must also evaluate the parent’s habitual patterns of conduct to determine whether there is a substantial probability of future neglect or deprivation of the children.” In re D.G., 702 N.E.2d 777, 779 (Ind. Ct. App. 1998). [18] We have long had a highly deferential standard of review in cases involving the termination of parental rights.

2019Indeed, a fact- finding court, “recognizing the permanent effect of termination . . . must also evaluate the parent’s habitual patterns of conduct to determine whether there is a substantial probability of future neglect or deprivation of the children.” In re D.G., 702 N.E.2d 777, 779 (Ind. Ct. App. 1998). [10] We have long had a highly deferential standard of review in cases involving the termination of parental rights.

33
In Re KSgreen
indctapp · 2001 · cited in 63 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2007–2020
2 sentences

2020In re K.S., 750 N.E.2d 832 , 836 (Ind. Ct. App. 2001).

2018In re K.S., 750 N.E.2d 832 , 836 (Ind. Ct. App. 2001).

163
In Re BJgreen
indctapp · 2008 · cited in 15 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2014–2016
2 sentences

2016In re B.J., 879 N.E.2d 7 , 14 (Ind. Ct. App. 2008), trans. denied.

2016In re B.J., 879 N.E.2d 7 , 14 (Ind. Ct. App. 2008), trans. denied.

115
In re the Termination of the Parent-Child Relationship of S.K., E.K., and M.K. (Minor Children), and S.K., Sr. (Father) v. Indiana Department of Child Servicesgreen
indctapp · 2019 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025In re S.K., 124 N.E.3d 1225, 1230-31 (Ind. Ct. App. 2019).

11
Indiana High School Athletic Ass'n v. Carlberg Ex Rel. Carlberggreen
ind · 1997 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
1 sentence

2020See Carlberg, 694 N.E.2d at 234 .

11
In Re HTgreen
indctapp · 2009 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
2 sentences

2020Discussion and Decision [20] “We initially observe that our court has long had a highly deferential standard of review in cases concerning the termination of parental rights.” In re H.T., 911 N.E.2d 577, 579 (Ind. Ct. App. 2008).

2020“Accordingly, we will not set aside the juvenile court’s judgment unless it is clearly erroneous.” Id.

11
In Re ABgreen
indctapp · 2010 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2012–2012
1 sentence

2012Instead, it is sufficient to show by clear and convincing evidence that the child’s emotional and physical development would be threatened by the parent’s custody.” In re A.B., 924 N.E.2d 666, 670 (Ind. Ct. App. 2010) (citation omitted). 6 “This Court has long had a highly deferential standard of review in cases concerning the termination of parental rights.” In re I.A., 903 N.E.2d 146 , 152-53 (Ind. Ct. App. 2009).

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Indiana. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (9)

CaseCitedYears
In Re IA green
indctapp · 2009
2 sentences

2014In re I.A., 903 N.E.2d 146 , 152-53 (Ind. Ct. App. 2009).

2012Instead, it is sufficient to show by clear and convincing evidence that the child’s emotional and physical development would be threatened by the parent’s custody.” In re A.B., 924 N.E.2d 666, 670 (Ind. Ct. App. 2010) (citation omitted). 6 “This Court has long had a highly deferential standard of review in cases concerning the termination of parental rights.” In re I.A., 903 N.E.2d 146 , 152-53 (Ind. Ct. App. 2009).

52012–2014
Bester v. Lake County Office of Family & Children green
ind · 2005
2 sentences

2015Id. [15] This court has long had a highly deferential standard of review in cases concerning the termination of parental rights.

2015A judgment is “clearly erroneous if the findings do not support the trial court’s conclusions or the conclusions do not support the judgment.” Id. [8] This court has long had a highly deferential standard of review in cases concerning the termination of parental rights.

32015–2015
Hubler Realty Co. v. Hendricks County Assessor green
indtc · 2010
1 sentence

2025“An abuse of discretion may occur if the Indiana Board’s decision is clearly against the logic and effect of the facts and circumstances before it, or if the Indiana Board misinterprets the law.” Hubler, 938 N.E.2d at 315 n.5.

12025–2025
In Re TF green
indctapp · 2001
1 sentence

2020Id. [26] While remaining mindful of the above, we have long had a highly deferential standard of review in cases concerning the termination of parental rights.

12020–2020
In Re AP green
indctapp · 2008
2 sentences

2020Thus, although parental rights are of a constitutional dimension, the law provides for the termination of these rights when the parents are unable or unwilling to meet their parental responsibilities.” In re A.P., 882 N.E.2d 799 , 805 (Ind. Ct. App. 2008) (citation omitted). “[T]ermination is intended as a last resort, available only when all other reasonable efforts have failed.” Id. [6] “We have long had a highly deferential standard of review in cases involving the termination of parental rights.” C.A. v. Ind. Dep’t of Child Servs., 15 N.E.3d 85, 92 (Ind. Ct. App. 2014).

2020Thus, although parental rights are of a constitutional dimension, the law provides for the termination of these rights when the parents are unable or unwilling to meet their parental responsibilities.” In re A.P., 882 N.E.2d 799 , 805 (Ind. Ct. App. 2008) (citation omitted). “[T]ermination is intended as a last resort, available only when all other reasonable efforts have failed.” Id. [6] “We have long had a highly deferential standard of review in cases involving the termination of parental rights.” C.A. v. Ind. Dep’t of Child Servs., 15 N.E.3d 85, 92 (Ind. Ct. App. 2014).

12020–2020
In Re Invol. Termn. of Par. Child Rel. AH green
indctapp · 2005
1 sentence

2019In re A.H., 832 N.E.2d 563 , 570 (Ind. Ct. App. 2005). [13] We have long had a highly deferential standard of review in cases involving the termination of parental rights.

12019–2019
Hughes v. Rogusta green
indctapp · 2005
1 sentence

2018Id. [15] With this highly deferential standard of review in mind, we review Father’s claim that the trial court erred when it denied his petition to modify custody.

12018–2018
Berry v. State green
ind · 2012
1 sentence

2016Id. at 44 .

12016–2016
Baum v. State green
ind · 1989
2 sentences

2001Daniels acknowledges that the performance of post-conviction counsel is reviewed under the highly deferential standard set forth as a matter of Indiana state law in Baum v. State, 533 N.E.2d 1200 (Ind.1989).

2001Daniels acknowledges that the performance of post-conviction counsel is reviewed under the highly deferential standard set forth as a matter of Indiana state law in Baum v. State, 533 N.E.2d 1200 (Ind.1989).

12001–2001

Statutes the citing opinions construe

IN § Ind. Code § 31-35-2-4 (178) IN § Ind. Code § 31-35-2-8 (124) IN § Ind. Code § 31-37-14-2 (107) IN § Ind. Code § 31-35-2-6.5 (10) IN § Ind. Code § 31-34-21-5.5 (6)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

TX 289 (1997–2026) IN 192 (2001–2025) OH 111 (2000–2026) PA 96 (2004–2026) NJ 82 (1996–2026) CA 70 (1984–2026) MS 35 (1991–2025) IL 34 (2011–2026) VA 28 (2011–2026) VT 27 (1993–2026) FL 25 (1993–2023) WI 25 (1997–2026) MI 22 (2000–2026) MD 20 (1995–2024) WA 17 (2009–2024) CT 16 (1999–2025) VI 13 (2011–2024) MA 13 (1997–2026) UT 12 (2007–2025) CO 11 (2002–2025) NM 9 (2004–2026) SC 9 (2008–2021) ME 9 (1983–2018) AL 8 (1996–2014) DE 8 (2002–2025) NY 7 (2008–2021) KY 7 (2008–2025) ND 6 (2008–2026) WV 6 (1995–2025) KS 6 (2010–2025) TN 5 (2000–2025) NC 4 (2014–2024) IA 4 (1994–2022) OR 4 (2012–2025) OK 3 (2003–2015) GA 3 (2020–2025) NE 3 (2025–2026)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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