unjustifiable standard (Iowa) · Go Syfert
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unjustifiable standard in Iowa

7 Iowa opinions name it 1 courts 1871–2010 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Iowa courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (6)

CaseFollowedCited
Oyler v. Bolesgreen
scotus · 1962 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 1975–2010
2 sentences

2010See generally Oyler v. Boles, 368 U.S. 448, 456 , 82 S.Ct. 501, 506 , 7 L.Ed.2d 446, 453 (1962) (holding selectivity in prosecution violates the Equal Protection Clause when the decision was “deliberately based upon an unjustifiable standard such as race, religion, or other arbitrary- classification”).

2010See generally Oyler v. Boles, 368 U.S. 448, 456 , 82 S.Ct. 501, 506 , 7 L.Ed.2d 446, 453 (1962) (holding selectivity in prosecution violates the Equal Protection Clause when the decision was “deliberately based upon an unjustifiable standard such as race, religion, or other arbitrary- classification”).

22
Wayte v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1985 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 1990–1990
2 sentences

1990See Wayte v. United States, 470 U.S. 598, 608 , 105 S.Ct. 1524, 1531 , 84 L.Ed.2d 547, 556 (1985).

1990See Wayte v. United States, 470 U.S. 598, 608 , 105 S.Ct. 1524, 1531 , 84 L.Ed.2d 547, 556 (1985).

22
United States v. Willie Bell, (Two Cases)green
cadc · 1974 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 1976–1981
2 sentences

1981Therefore grounds sup *136 porting a finding of a denial of equal protection were not alleged.”); United States v. Bell, 165 U.S.App.D.C. 146 , 506 F.2d 207, 222 (“Prosecutorial discretion in law enforcement, we have recognized, ‘is by its very nature exceedingly broad.’ And ‘the conscious exercise of some selectivity in enforcement is not in itself a federal constitutional violation,’ but only so when ‘the selection [is] deliberately based upon an unjustifiable standard such as race, religion, or other arbitrary classification.’ ” Footnotes omitted.).

1981Therefore grounds sup *136 porting a finding of a denial of equal protection were not alleged.”); United States v. Bell, 165 U.S.App.D.C. 146 , 506 F.2d 207, 222 (“Prosecutorial discretion in law enforcement, we have recognized, ‘is by its very nature exceedingly broad.’ And ‘the conscious exercise of some selectivity in enforcement is not in itself a federal constitutional violation,’ but only so when ‘the selection [is] deliberately based upon an unjustifiable standard such as race, religion, or other arbitrary classification.’ ” Footnotes omitted.).

22
State v. Walkergreen
iowa · 1975 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 1981–1981
2 sentences

1981We expressed the same view in State v. Walker, 236 N.W.2d 292, 295 (Iowa 1975), where we said, “[t]he constitution is not violated unless the selection is deliberately based on an unjustifiable standard, i. e., race, religion, or other arbitrary classification.

1981We expressed the same view in State v. Walker, 236 N.W.2d 292, 295 (Iowa 1975), where we said, “[t]he constitution is not violated unless the selection is deliberately based on an unjustifiable standard, i. e., race, religion, or other arbitrary classification.

11
Ray Allen Tollett v. William F. Lamangreen
ca8 · 1974 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 1975–1975
1 sentence

1975See Oyler v. Boles, 368 U.S. 448, 456 , 82 S.Ct. 501, 506 , 7 L.Ed.2d 446, 453 (1962); Tollett v. Laman, 497 F.2d 1231, 1233 (8 Cir.), cert. denied, 419 U.S. 1088 , 95 S.Ct. 678 , 42 L.Ed.2d 680 (1974); State v. Smith, 82 Iowa 423, 427 , 48 N.W. 727, 728 (1891); Comment, 61 Colum.

11
State v. Smithgreen
iowa · 1891 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 1975–1975
2 sentences

1975See Oyler v. Boles, 368 U.S. 448, 456 , 82 S.Ct. 501, 506 , 7 L.Ed.2d 446, 453 (1962); Tollett v. Laman, 497 F.2d 1231, 1233 (8 Cir.), cert. denied, 419 U.S. 1088 , 95 S.Ct. 678 , 42 L.Ed.2d 680 (1974); State v. Smith, 82 Iowa 423, 427 , 48 N.W. 727, 728 (1891); Comment, 61 Colum.

1975See Oyler v. Boles, 368 U.S. 448, 456 , 82 S.Ct. 501, 506 , 7 L.Ed.2d 446, 453 (1962); Tollett v. Laman, 497 F.2d 1231, 1233 (8 Cir.), cert. denied, 419 U.S. 1088 , 95 S.Ct. 678 , 42 L.Ed.2d 680 (1974); State v. Smith, 82 Iowa 423, 427 , 48 N.W. 727, 728 (1891); Comment, 61 Colum.

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Iowa. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (3)

CaseCitedYears
Hill v. Printing Industries of the Gulf Coast green
scotus · 1974
1 sentence

1975See Oyler v. Boles, 368 U.S. 448, 456 , 82 S.Ct. 501, 506 , 7 L.Ed.2d 446, 453 (1962); Tollett v. Laman, 497 F.2d 1231, 1233 (8 Cir.), cert. denied, 419 U.S. 1088 , 95 S.Ct. 678 , 42 L.Ed.2d 680 (1974); State v. Smith, 82 Iowa 423, 427 , 48 N.W. 727, 728 (1891); Comment, 61 Colum.

11975–1975
Tollett v. Laman green
scotus · 1974
1 sentence

1975See Oyler v. Boles, 368 U.S. 448, 456 , 82 S.Ct. 501, 506 , 7 L.Ed.2d 446, 453 (1962); Tollett v. Laman, 497 F.2d 1231, 1233 (8 Cir.), cert. denied, 419 U.S. 1088 , 95 S.Ct. 678 , 42 L.Ed.2d 680 (1974); State v. Smith, 82 Iowa 423, 427 , 48 N.W. 727, 728 (1891); Comment, 61 Colum.

11975–1975
In re Negus neutral
nysupct · 1832
1 sentence

1871The cases we have referred to as sustaining this action, all, impliedly at least, oppose this claim of the defendants, and several of them very explicitly.” Citing Ex parte Negus, 7 Wend. 499 ; Crofut v. Moore, 4 Verm. 204 ; Atkinson's Ex'rs v. Coolsworth, 8 Mod. 33.

11871–1871

Where else courts name it

OH 40 (1976–2026) WA 27 (1973–2024) NC 24 (1975–2022) CA 23 (1967–2024) TX 23 (1997–2023) PA 20 (1970–2026) NE 16 (1898–2020) NJ 15 (1976–2022) MS 12 (1974–2017) MA 12 (1913–2025) CO 12 (1982–2026) GA 12 (1979–2019) MD 11 (1979–2006) WI 11 (1973–2025) MN 10 (1976–2007) CT 10 (1982–2021) AZ 9 (1975–1994) NY 9 (1967–2001) TN 8 (1984–2017) LA 8 (1976–2002) AL 7 (1977–2016) FL 7 (1991–2006) VA 7 (1984–2004) OK 7 (1979–2010) RI 7 (1980–2007) HI 7 (1980–2024) IA 7 (1871–2010) IL 7 (1976–2004) DE 7 (1980–2022) WY 7 (1990–2013) SD 6 (1978–2004) MO 6 (1980–2022) MI 6 (1983–2020) MT 5 (1978–1999) ME 5 (1978–1987) UT 5 (1988–2021) KS 4 (1969–2022) ID 4 (1984–1998) DC 4 (1975–2001) KY 3 (1979–2024) IN 3 (1981–2005) AR 3 (1993–2003) OR 3 (1980–2001) ND 2 (1988–2007) SC 2 (2004–2007) NV 2 (1970–2020)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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