47 California opinions name it 4 courts 1934–2025 7 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by California courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
People v. Shroyergreen2 sentences1963Defendant was then in the same position (so far as this matter is concerned) as if he had never been represented by a lawyer. ’ ’ The court then quoted, the Mattson case, supra, and continued: “We do not consider the cited case of People v. Shroyer, 203 Cal.App.2d 478, 482 [ 21 Cal.Rptr. 460 ] (no petition for hearing in Supreme Court filed), to be authority requiring the .trial judge to make the suggested inquiry at the initial stages of the ordinary case wherein there has been nothing to suggest defendant’s lack of competence to represent himself. . 1963Defendant was then in the same position (so far as this matter is concerned) as if he had never been represented by a lawyer. ’ ’ The court then quoted, the Mattson case, supra, and continued: “We do not consider the cited case of People v. Shroyer, 203 Cal.App.2d 478, 482 [ 21 Cal.Rptr. 460 ] (no petition for hearing in Supreme Court filed), to be authority requiring the .trial judge to make the suggested inquiry at the initial stages of the ordinary case wherein there has been nothing to suggest defendant’s lack of competence to represent himself. . | 3 | 3 |
People v. Thomasgreen2 sentences1963“That the rules stated in that case do not apply to a situation guch -as the one here presented appears from People v. Thomas, 58 Cal.2d 121, 131-132 [ 23 Cal.Rptr. 161 , 373 P.2d 97 ], wherein the court said: ‘ “A defendant who, with an intelligent conception of the consequences of his act, declines the aid of counsel prior to or at the commencement of his trial, is not. entitled thereafter to interrupt and delay the ,hearing at any stage he deems advantageous merely to interpose a demand for legal assistance. [Citations.] When petitioner stated at the time of his arraignment that he did not 1963“That the rules stated in that case do not apply to a situation guch -as the one here presented appears from People v. Thomas, 58 Cal.2d 121, 131-132 [ 23 Cal.Rptr. 161 , 373 P.2d 97 ], wherein the court said: ‘ “A defendant who, with an intelligent conception of the consequences of his act, declines the aid of counsel prior to or at the commencement of his trial, is not. entitled thereafter to interrupt and delay the ,hearing at any stage he deems advantageous merely to interpose a demand for legal assistance. [Citations.] When petitioner stated at the time of his arraignment that he did not | 3 | 3 |
Mardirossian & Associates, Inc. v. Ersoffgreen1 sentence2025Standard of Review of In Limine Rulings and Jury Instructions “‘“Generally, a trial court’s ruling on an in limine motion is reviewed for abuse of discretion.”’” (Inzunza, supra, 94 Cal.App.5th at p. 742; accord, Mardirossian & Associates, Inc. v. Ersoff (2007) 153 Cal.App.4th 257, 269 [“As rulings on the admissibility of evidence, they are subject to review on appeal for abuse of discretion.”].) Here, however, plaintiffs raise a legal question as to the allowable relief from deemed admissions, 24 which we review de novo. | 1 | 1 |
People v. Hillgreen2 sentences2023(See Centeno supra, at p. 674 ; People v. Hill, supra, 17 Cal.4th at p. 820 [“A defendant will be excused from the necessity of either a timely objection and/or a request for admonition if either would be futile” or an admonition would not have cured the harm caused by the misconduct]; People v. Arias (1996) 13 Cal.4th 92, 159 ; People v. Noguera (1992) 4 Cal.4th 599, 638 [claims of prosecutorial misconduct in closing argument were forfeited where trial counsel failed to make any objection].) On the other hand, in Hill, the failure to object was excused where defense counsel’s previous objecti 2023(See Centeno supra, at p. 674 ; People v. Hill, supra, 17 Cal.4th at p. 820 [“A defendant will be excused from the necessity of either a timely objection and/or a request for admonition if either would be futile” or an admonition would not have cured the harm caused by the misconduct]; People v. Arias (1996) 13 Cal.4th 92, 159 ; People v. Noguera (1992) 4 Cal.4th 599, 638 [claims of prosecutorial misconduct in closing argument were forfeited where trial counsel failed to make any objection].) On the other hand, in Hill, the failure to object was excused where defense counsel’s previous objecti | 1 | 1 |
People v. Nogueragreen1 sentence2023(See Centeno supra, at p. 674 ; People v. Hill, supra, 17 Cal.4th at p. 820 [“A defendant will be excused from the necessity of either a timely objection and/or a request for admonition if either would be futile” or an admonition would not have cured the harm caused by the misconduct]; People v. Arias (1996) 13 Cal.4th 92, 159 ; People v. Noguera (1992) 4 Cal.4th 599, 638 [claims of prosecutorial misconduct in closing argument were forfeited where trial counsel failed to make any objection].) On the other hand, in Hill, the failure to object was excused where defense counsel’s previous objecti | 1 | 1 |
Meddock v. County of Yolo CA3green2 sentences2017(See Alana M., supra, 245 Cal.App.4th at pp.1485, 1491 [noting that tree fell “on an improved campsite” which consisted of a leveled area for tent, fire pit, picnic table with benches and small wooden foot locker]; Meddock, supra, 220 Cal.App.4th at p. 180 [“ ‘camping sites with stoves, running water, sanitary facilities, garbage service and organized recreational activities . . . would be excluded from the scope of this suggested immunity’ ”], italics omitted, quoting Van Alstyne, A Study Relating to Sovereign Immunity (Jan. 1963) 5 Cal. Law Revision Com. 2017(See Alana M., supra, 245 Cal.App.4th at pp.1485, 1491 [noting that tree fell “on an improved campsite” which consisted of a leveled area for tent, fire pit, picnic table with benches and small wooden foot locker]; Meddock, supra, 220 Cal.App.4th at p. 180 [“ ‘camping sites with stoves, running water, sanitary facilities, garbage service and organized recreational activities . . . would be excluded from the scope of this suggested immunity’ ”], italics omitted, quoting Van Alstyne, A Study Relating to Sovereign Immunity (Jan. 1963) 5 Cal. Law Revision Com. | 1 | 1 |
Breakthrough Management Group, Inc. v. Chukchansi Gold Casino & Resortgreen1 sentence2014Such an entity arguably should not be immune, notwithstanding the fact it is organized and owned by the tribe.” (Trudgeon v. Fantasy Springs Casino, supra, 71 Cal.App.4th at p. 639 .) 9 The court suggested the claim could be pursued in a tribal court “which has civil jurisdiction over all disputes within reservation boundaries” and presumed the tribal court “can and will fairly adjudicate the matter.” (Trudgeon v. Fantasy Springs Casino, supra, 71 Cal.App.4th at p. 645 .) 15 In American Property, supra, 206 Cal.App.4th 491 , a panel of Division One of the Fourth District employed the set of si | 1 | 1 |
| Rob-Mac, Inc. v. Department of Motor Vehiclesgreen | 1 | 1 |
| Low v. City of Sacramentogreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Demirdjiangreen | 1 | 1 |
Osgood v. County of Shastagreen1 sentence2013(See, e.g., Osgood v. County of Shasta (1975) 50 Cal.App.3d 586, 589-590 (Osgood); Sanders v. County of Yuba (1967) 247 Cal.App.2d 748, 752-753 ; see also Low, supra, 7 Cal.App.3d at p. 831 .) And our Supreme Court has relied on such materials in interpreting section 831.2 in particular. ( Milligan, supra, 34 Cal.3d at pp. 831-833.) 8 characteristic of municipal parks, would be excluded from the scope of this suggested immunity and presumably would be covered by the [former] Public Liability Act (or its successors). | 1 | 1 |
Milligan v. City of Laguna Beachgreen1 sentence2013(See, e.g., Osgood v. County of Shasta (1975) 50 Cal.App.3d 586, 589-590 (Osgood); Sanders v. County of Yuba (1967) 247 Cal.App.2d 748, 752-753 ; see also Low, supra, 7 Cal.App.3d at p. 831 .) And our Supreme Court has relied on such materials in interpreting section 831.2 in particular. ( Milligan, supra, 34 Cal.3d at pp. 831-833.) 8 characteristic of municipal parks, would be excluded from the scope of this suggested immunity and presumably would be covered by the [former] Public Liability Act (or its successors). | 1 | 1 |
People v. Caballerogreen1 sentence2013(People v. Caballero (2012) 55 Cal.4th 262, 267-269 (Caballero).) However, the court expressly left “Miller‟s application in the homicide context to a case that poses the issue.” (Caballero, at p. 268, fn. 4.)16 Relying on People v. Thomas (2012) 211 Cal.App.4th 987 (Thomas), and People v. Argeta (2012) 210 Cal.App.4th 1478 (Argeta), Allen suggests that resentencing is required in all pre-Miller juvenile cases of LWOP or the functional equivalent in which the sentencing court did not have the benefit of Miller’s definition of the appropriate and lawful scope of its discretion and thus did not | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Bittakergreen | 1 | 1 |
| Smith v. Workmen's Compensation Appeals Boardgreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Haskettgreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Craiggreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Harpergreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Watsongreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Crawfordgreen | 1 | 1 |
| Craig v. Harneygreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Roygreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Williamsgreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Castillogreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Wattiegreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Stewartgreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Morsegreen | 1 | 1 |
| People v. Cartergreen | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in California. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
People v. Thomas
green
2 sentences2013To support his suggestion, defendant relies on Caballero, People v. Thomas (2012) 211 Cal.App.4th 987 (Thomas), and People v. Argeta (2012) 210 Cal.App.4th 1478 (Argeta).5 In Caballero, the California Supreme Court followed the reasoning of Miller to hold a cumulative sentence of 110 years to life for attempted murder committed by a juvenile was the “functional equivalent of a life without parole sentence” and thus categorically barred under Graham as it was not a murder case. ( Caballero, supra, 55 Cal.4th at pp. 267-268.) The court expressly left “Miller’s application in the homicide context 2013(People v. Caballero (2012) 55 Cal.4th 262, 267-269 (Caballero).) However, the court expressly left “Miller‟s application in the homicide context to a case that poses the issue.” (Caballero, at p. 268, fn. 4.)16 Relying on People v. Thomas (2012) 211 Cal.App.4th 987 (Thomas), and People v. Argeta (2012) 210 Cal.App.4th 1478 (Argeta), Allen suggests that resentencing is required in all pre-Miller juvenile cases of LWOP or the functional equivalent in which the sentencing court did not have the benefit of Miller’s definition of the appropriate and lawful scope of its discretion and thus did not | 2 | 2013–2013 |
People v. Argeta
green
2 sentences2013To support his suggestion, defendant relies on Caballero, People v. Thomas (2012) 211 Cal.App.4th 987 (Thomas), and People v. Argeta (2012) 210 Cal.App.4th 1478 (Argeta).5 In Caballero, the California Supreme Court followed the reasoning of Miller to hold a cumulative sentence of 110 years to life for attempted murder committed by a juvenile was the “functional equivalent of a life without parole sentence” and thus categorically barred under Graham as it was not a murder case. ( Caballero, supra, 55 Cal.4th at pp. 267-268.) The court expressly left “Miller’s application in the homicide context 2013(People v. Caballero (2012) 55 Cal.4th 262, 267-269 (Caballero).) However, the court expressly left “Miller‟s application in the homicide context to a case that poses the issue.” (Caballero, at p. 268, fn. 4.)16 Relying on People v. Thomas (2012) 211 Cal.App.4th 987 (Thomas), and People v. Argeta (2012) 210 Cal.App.4th 1478 (Argeta), Allen suggests that resentencing is required in all pre-Miller juvenile cases of LWOP or the functional equivalent in which the sentencing court did not have the benefit of Miller’s definition of the appropriate and lawful scope of its discretion and thus did not | 2 | 2013–2013 |
Tannhauser v. Adams
green
2 sentences1953In Tannhauser v. Adams, 31 Cal.2d 169 [ 187 P.2d 716 , 5 A.L.R.2d 1015 ], involving the question as to whether section 3521 was applicable, the court discussed cases in other states holding that such limitation statutes were inapplicable to one in possession and quoted with seeming approval from a New York case as follows: " 'It is questionable whether, as to an owner in actual possession of land, the record of a hostile conveyance in the clerk's office is sufficient to set a statute of limitations running against him so as to destroy his title.' " In McCaslin v. Hamblen, 37 Cal.2d 196 [ 231 P 1953In Tannhauser v. Adams, 31 Cal.2d 169 [ 187 P.2d 716 , 5 A.L.R.2d 1015 ], involving the question as to whether section 3521 was applicable, the court discussed cases in other states holding that such limitation statutes were inapplicable to one in possession and quoted with seeming approval from a New York case as follows: " 'It is questionable whether, as to an owner in actual possession of land, the record of a hostile conveyance in the clerk's office is sufficient to set a statute of limitations running against him so as to destroy his title.' " In McCaslin v. Hamblen, 37 Cal.2d 196 [ 231 P | 2 | 1953–1953 |
McKenna v. Ping
green
2 sentences1953This holding was followed in McKenna v. Ping, 105 Cal.App.2d 752 [ 234 P.2d 246 ]. 1953This holding was followed in McKenna v. Ping, 105 Cal.App.2d 752 [ 234 P.2d 246 ]. | 2 | 1953–1953 |
McCaslin v. Hamblen
green
2 sentences1953In Tannhauser v. Adams, 31 Cal.2d 169 [ 187 P.2d 716 , 5 A.L.R.2d 1015 ], involving the question as to whether section 3521 was applicable, the court discussed cases in other states holding that such limitation statutes were inapplicable to one in possession and quoted with seeming approval from a New York case as follows: " 'It is questionable whether, as to an owner in actual possession of land, the record of a hostile conveyance in the clerk's office is sufficient to set a statute of limitations running against him so as to destroy his title.' " In McCaslin v. Hamblen, 37 Cal.2d 196 [ 231 P 1953In Tannhauser v. Adams, 31 Cal.2d 169 [ 187 P.2d 716 , 5 A.L.R.2d 1015 ], involving the question as to whether section 3521 was applicable, the court discussed cases in other states holding that such limitation statutes were inapplicable to one in possession and quoted with seeming approval from a New York case as follows: " 'It is questionable whether, as to an owner in actual possession of land, the record of a hostile conveyance in the clerk's office is sufficient to set a statute of limitations running against him so as to destroy his title.' " In McCaslin v. Hamblen, 37 Cal.2d 196 [ 231 P | 2 | 1953–1953 |
People v. Nelson
green
2 sentences2025A 16 Notably, the Nelson court rejected the defendant’s suggested rule “that when the delay is as long as it was here, prejudice should simply be presumed, with no need to show specific prejudice.” (Nelson, supra, 43 Cal.4th at p. 1250 .) 34 court should not second-guess the prosecution’s decision regarding whether sufficient evidence exists to warrant bringing charges.” (Ibid., italics added.) Further still, the Nelson court rejected the defendant’s argument that because the DNA technology used in his case existed years before law enforcement agencies attempted the comparison, “the comparison 2025A 16 Notably, the Nelson court rejected the defendant’s suggested rule “that when the delay is as long as it was here, prejudice should simply be presumed, with no need to show specific prejudice.” (Nelson, supra, 43 Cal.4th at p. 1250 .) 34 court should not second-guess the prosecution’s decision regarding whether sufficient evidence exists to warrant bringing charges.” (Ibid., italics added.) Further still, the Nelson court rejected the defendant’s argument that because the DNA technology used in his case existed years before law enforcement agencies attempted the comparison, “the comparison | 1 | 2025–2025 |
People v. Arias
green
1 sentence2023(See Centeno supra, at p. 674 ; People v. Hill, supra, 17 Cal.4th at p. 820 [“A defendant will be excused from the necessity of either a timely objection and/or a request for admonition if either would be futile” or an admonition would not have cured the harm caused by the misconduct]; People v. Arias (1996) 13 Cal.4th 92, 159 ; People v. Noguera (1992) 4 Cal.4th 599, 638 [claims of prosecutorial misconduct in closing argument were forfeited where trial counsel failed to make any objection].) On the other hand, in Hill, the failure to object was excused where defense counsel’s previous objecti | 1 | 2023–2023 |
People v. Centeno
green
1 sentence2023(See Centeno supra, at p. 674 ; People v. Hill, supra, 17 Cal.4th at p. 820 [“A defendant will be excused from the necessity of either a timely objection and/or a request for admonition if either would be futile” or an admonition would not have cured the harm caused by the misconduct]; People v. Arias (1996) 13 Cal.4th 92, 159 ; People v. Noguera (1992) 4 Cal.4th 599, 638 [claims of prosecutorial misconduct in closing argument were forfeited where trial counsel failed to make any objection].) On the other hand, in Hill, the failure to object was excused where defense counsel’s previous objecti | 1 | 2023–2023 |
People v. Beeman
green
2 sentences2022Langi interpreted the language of CALJIC No. 8.31, which in substance is substantially the same as Beeman’s suggested instruction language (compare Langi, supra, 73 Cal.App.5th at p. 981 with Beeman, supra, 35 Cal.3d at p. 561 ), as permitting conviction of an aider and abettor for murder if the perpetrator’s “purpose may have been only to strike or to injure, or conceivably only to embarrass, the victim” (Langi, at p. 982). 2022Langi interpreted the language of CALJIC No. 8.31, which in substance is substantially the same as Beeman’s suggested instruction language (compare Langi, supra, 73 Cal.App.5th at p. 981 with Beeman, supra, 35 Cal.3d at p. 561 ), as permitting conviction of an aider and abettor for murder if the perpetrator’s “purpose may have been only to strike or to injure, or conceivably only to embarrass, the victim” (Langi, at p. 982). | 1 | 2022–2022 |
Malin v. Singer
green
1 sentence2022(Malin, supra, 217 Cal.App.4th at p. 1299 .) But in doing so, the court suggested a standard that only required them to be “reasonabl[y] connect[ed]” to be eligible for protection under section 425.16. | 1 | 2022–2022 |
Obregon v. Superior Court
green
1 sentence2021(Obregon, supra, 67 Cal.App.4th at p. 430 .) Instead, he asks this court to make findings under the suggested factors in Obregon and then conclude the sanctions the superior court ordered against him unwarranted. | 1 | 2021–2021 |
People v. Sturm
green
1 sentence2021(Ibid.) Second, the trial judge repeatedly belittled the defense attorney in front of the jury. ( Sturm, supra, 37 Cal.4th at pp. 1233 & 1234.) The court suggested the defense lawyer was trying to “sneak” things by the court and the lawyer was so bad he needed to go back to law school. | 1 | 2021–2021 |
People v. Noble
green
2 sentences2016Upon further examination, however, appellant's actual contention is that the trial court erred by failing to give an instruction suggested in dictum by the court in Noble . ( Id. at p. 190, 121 Cal.Rptr.2d 918 .) The suggested instruction does not relate to the actual issue in Noble , which is that the court gave an instruction that impermissibly shifted the burden of proof. ( Id. at pp. 188-190, 121 Cal.Rptr.2d 918 .) The issue in Noble is as follows. 2016Upon further examination, however, appellant's actual contention is that the trial court erred by failing to give an instruction suggested in dictum by the court in Noble . ( Id. at p. 190, 121 Cal.Rptr.2d 918 .) The suggested instruction does not relate to the actual issue in Noble , which is that the court gave an instruction that impermissibly shifted the burden of proof. ( Id. at pp. 188-190, 121 Cal.Rptr.2d 918 .) The issue in Noble is as follows. | 1 | 2016–2016 |
Auto Equity Sales, Inc. v. Superior Court
green
1 sentence2015(Auto Equity Sales, Inc. v. Superior Court (1962) 57 Cal.2d 450, 455 .) Third, even assuming we would or could overlook the foregoing flaws, there is no point in considering the merits of defendant’s suggested instruction because no evidence supports it. | 1 | 2015–2015 |
People v. Celis
green
1 sentence2014In Celis, the defendant complained that the trial court failed to instruct the jury sua sponte that “‘a murder is complete when the fatal blow is struck, even if the victim lingers for a substantial period of time.’” (Celis, supra, 141 Cal.App.4th at p. 471 .) The defendant wanted such an instruction because she theorized she had been erroneously convicted of murdering the victim on an aiding and abetting theory by cleaning the floor at the crime scene—an act she performed after her son had allegedly delivered the fatal blow to the victim and taken the victim away, but before the victim died.4 | 1 | 2014–2014 |
Trudgeon v. Fantasy Springs Casino
green
2 sentences2014Such an entity arguably should not be immune, notwithstanding the fact it is organized and owned by the tribe.” (Trudgeon v. Fantasy Springs Casino, supra, 71 Cal.App.4th at p. 639 .) 9 The court suggested the claim could be pursued in a tribal court “which has civil jurisdiction over all disputes within reservation boundaries” and presumed the tribal court “can and will fairly adjudicate the matter.” (Trudgeon v. Fantasy Springs Casino, supra, 71 Cal.App.4th at p. 645 .) 15 In American Property, supra, 206 Cal.App.4th 491 , a panel of Division One of the Fourth District employed the set of si 2014Such an entity arguably should not be immune, notwithstanding the fact it is organized and owned by the tribe.” (Trudgeon v. Fantasy Springs Casino, supra, 71 Cal.App.4th at p. 639 .) 9 The court suggested the claim could be pursued in a tribal court “which has civil jurisdiction over all disputes within reservation boundaries” and presumed the tribal court “can and will fairly adjudicate the matter.” (Trudgeon v. Fantasy Springs Casino, supra, 71 Cal.App.4th at p. 645 .) 15 In American Property, supra, 206 Cal.App.4th 491 , a panel of Division One of the Fourth District employed the set of si | 1 | 2014–2014 |
People v. Bohannon
green
1 sentence2014(Barrett, supra, 80 Cal.App.4th at pp. 1314-1318.) 8 Comphel makes one oblique reference to section 1054.1 in his opening brief in discussing People v. Bohannon (2000) 82 Cal.App.4th 798 . | 1 | 2014–2014 |
People v. Superior Court
green
1 sentence2014(Barrett, supra, 80 Cal.App.4th at pp. 1314-1318.) 8 Comphel makes one oblique reference to section 1054.1 in his opening brief in discussing People v. Bohannon (2000) 82 Cal.App.4th 798 . | 1 | 2014–2014 |
American Property Management Corp. v. Superior Court
green
2 sentences2014Such an entity arguably should not be immune, notwithstanding the fact it is organized and owned by the tribe.” (Trudgeon v. Fantasy Springs Casino, supra, 71 Cal.App.4th at p. 639 .) 9 The court suggested the claim could be pursued in a tribal court “which has civil jurisdiction over all disputes within reservation boundaries” and presumed the tribal court “can and will fairly adjudicate the matter.” (Trudgeon v. Fantasy Springs Casino, supra, 71 Cal.App.4th at p. 645 .) 15 In American Property, supra, 206 Cal.App.4th 491 , a panel of Division One of the Fourth District employed the set of si 2014Such an entity arguably should not be immune, notwithstanding the fact it is organized and owned by the tribe.” (Trudgeon v. Fantasy Springs Casino, supra, 71 Cal.App.4th at p. 639 .) 9 The court suggested the claim could be pursued in a tribal court “which has civil jurisdiction over all disputes within reservation boundaries” and presumed the tribal court “can and will fairly adjudicate the matter.” (Trudgeon v. Fantasy Springs Casino, supra, 71 Cal.App.4th at p. 645 .) 15 In American Property, supra, 206 Cal.App.4th 491 , a panel of Division One of the Fourth District employed the set of si | 1 | 2014–2014 |
Miller v. Alabama
green
1 sentence2013We need not rely on Miller however, to find Allen‟s sentence unauthorized, as the California statute does not permit LWOP sentences for defendants who were 14 or 15 years old at the time they committed murder. (§ 190.5; People v. Demirdjian (2006) 144 Cal.App.4th 10, 17 (Demirdjian).) Although the California Supreme Court has not reached the issue of Miller‟s applicability to murder, the court did make clear that a life sentence with a parole settings. [Citation.] And . . . a child‟s character is not as „well formed‟ as an adult‟s; his traits are „less fixed‟ and his actions less likely to be | 1 | 2013–2013 |
| Sanders v. County of Yuba green | 1 | 2013–2013 |
| People v. Cavitt green | 1 | 2013–2013 |
| Commonwealth v. Means green | 1 | 2011–2011 |
| Francis v. Swisher green | 1 | 2011–2011 |
| State v. Koskovich green | 1 | 2011–2011 |
| Espinoza v. MacHonga green | 1 | 2007–2007 |
| cluster 561245 green | 1 | 1994–1994 |
| State v. Barnett green | 1 | 1986–1986 |
| State v. Scherr green | 1 | 1986–1986 |
| People v. Williams green | 1 | 1986–1986 |
| People v. Beagle green | 1 | 1985–1985 |
| Service v. Trombetta green | 1 | 1979–1979 |
| cluster 293849 green | 1 | 1973–1973 |
| People v. Conley green | 1 | 1971–1971 |
| People v. Graham green | 1 | 1971–1971 |
| People v. Zipkin neutral | 1 | 1962–1962 |
| People v. Bender green | 1 | 1951–1951 |
| In Re Lindley neutral | 1 | 1934–1934 |
| People v. Walker green | 1 | 1934–1934 |
| Watson v. Division of Motor Vehicles green | 1 | 1934–1934 |
Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.