insurance claim (Texas) · Go Syfert
← Texas issues

insurance claim in Texas

108 Texas opinions name it 4 courts 1922–2026 13 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Texas courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (56)

CaseFollowedCited
Progressive County Mutual Insurance Co. v. Boydgreen
tex · 2005 · cited in 11 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2006–2019
2 sentences

2019See Lamar Homes, Inc., 242 S.W.3d at 16 (“The prompt-payment statute provides that an insurer, who is ‘liable for a claim under an insurance policy’ and who does not promptly respond to, or pay, the claim as the statute requires, is liable to the policy holder or beneficiary not only for the amount of the claim, but also for ‘interest on the amount of the claim at the rate of eighteen percent a year as damages, together with reasonable attorney’s fees.’” (citation omitted)); Boyd, 177 S.W.3d at 922 (explaining that “[t]here can be no liability under [the TPPCA] if the insurance claim is not co

2019Co. v. Boyd, 177 S.W.3d 919, 922 (Tex. 2005) (“There can be no liability [for statutory interest or fees] if the insurance claim is not covered by the policy.”); Allstate Ins.

811
Murray v. San Jacinto Agency, Inc.green
tex · 1991 · cited in 7 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2001–2009
2 sentences

2001Although the legal injury rule applies to the Kuzniars' other claims, the Supreme Court of Texas established a special test for determining when a cause of action accrues for the bad faith denial of an insurance claim in Murray v. San Jacinto Agency, Inc., 800 S.W.2d 826, 828 (Tex. 1990).

2001Although the legal injury rule applies to the Kuzniars’ other claims, the Supreme Court of Texas established a special test for determining when a cause of action accrues for the bad faith denial of an insurance claim in Murray v. San Jacinto Agency, Inc., 800 S.W.2d 826, 828 (Tex. 1990).

77
State Farm Lloyds, Inc. v. Polasekgreen
texapp · 1992 · cited in 6 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1994–2026
2 sentences

2026See State Farm Lloyds, Inc. v. Polasek, 847 S.W.2d 279, 285 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 1992, writ denied) (“[I]f a reasonable basis exists for questioning the insurance claim, the insurer may deny 4 it and litigate the matter without also facing a bad faith claim.”).

1996See id at 36 (holding that the various other extracontractual claims were barred because they had the same “predicate for recovery as [the] bad faith cause[] of action”); State Farm Lloyds, Inc. v. Polasek, 847 S.W.2d 279 , 282 n. 2 (Tex.App. — San Antonio 1992, writ denied) (holding that the deceptive trade claim was defeated since it and the bad faith allegation were both founded on the “theory ... that State Farm denied the insurance claim[s] without a reasonable basis”).

46
Allstate Insurance Co. v. Bonnergreen
tex · 2001 · cited in 4 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2006–2019
2 sentences

2019See Lamar Homes, Inc., 242 S.W.3d at 16 (“The prompt-payment statute provides that an insurer, who is ‘liable for a claim under an insurance policy’ and who does not promptly respond to, or pay, the claim as the statute requires, is liable to the policy holder or beneficiary not only for the amount of the claim, but also for ‘interest on the amount of the claim at the rate of eighteen percent a year as damages, together with reasonable attorney’s fees.’” (citation omitted)); Boyd, 177 S.W.3d at 922 (explaining that “[t]here can be no liability under [the TPPCA] if the insurance claim is not co

2019Co. v. Bonner, 51 S.W.3d 289, 290, 292 (Tex. 2001) (holding that insurer that failed to timely acknowledge claim did not owe attorney’s fees under the Act because it paid personal-injury-protection benefits exceeding amount awarded for uninsured-motorist benefits and thus “was not liable for the claim under the terms of the insurance policy”); Triyar Companies, LLC v. Fireman’s Fund Ins.

44
Vail v. Texas Farm Bureau Mutual Insurance Co.green
tex · 1988 · cited in 3 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1994–1997
2 sentences

1997In Vail , we relied on Spradling to hold that a jury finding that an insurance company failed to exercise good faith in handling an insurance claim would sustain a claim that the insurer engaged in an unlisted deceptive trade practice under section 17.46 of the DTPA. 2 Id. at 135-36.

1994Co. , 754 S.W.2d 129, 133 (Tex. 1988) (stating that section 16 prohibits insurers from engaging in practices declared to be unfair or deceptive by a State Board of Insurance rule or regulation).

33
In Re Universal Underwriters of Texas Insurance Co.green
tex · 2011 · cited in 3 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2021
2 sentences

2021Corp. v. State Farm Lloyds, 589 S.W.3d 806 , 814 (Tex. 2019); see In re Universal Underwriters of Tex. Ins., 345 S.W.3d 404, 407 (Tex. 2011) (orig. proceeding).

2015Co., 345 S.W.3d 404 (Tex. 2011) ...................................................... v, 6, 8, 10, 12 State Farm Lloyds v. Johnson, 290 S.W.3d 886 (Tex. 2009) ...........................10, 11 - iii - STATEMENT OF THE CASE Underlying Proceeding: This is a suit brought by Real-Party-in-Interest Hussam Barazi for claims allegedly arising from Relator American Risk Insurance Company, Inc.’s handling of an insurance claim.

23
Jimenez v. Stategreen
texapp · 2002 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2006–2015
2 sentences

2015See Davis v. State, No. 14-04-00610-CR, 2006 WL. 177581, at *3 (Tex.App,-Houston [14th Dist.] Jan. 26, 2006, pet. ref'd) (mem. op., not designated for publication) (holding that an owner’s testimony, when based on amount received from' insurance claim, was legally sufficient of fair market value of stolen -car); Jimenez v. State, 67 S.W.3d 493, 506 (Tex.App.-Corpus Christi 2002, pet. ref'd) (holding that evidence of amount of insurance claim payment can be legally sufficient to show fair market value evén absent, specific statement in record regarding value).

2015See Davis v. State, No. 14-04-00610-CR, 2006 WL 177581 , at *1 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2006, pet. ref’d) (mem. op., not designated for publication) (general manager bases opinion of vehicle on amount recovered from dealership’s insurance recovery); see also Jimenez v. State, 67 S.W.3d 493, 505-06 (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi 2002, pet. ref’d) (owner based value of pickup on his recovery from the insurance company after truck totaled and testified in commonly understood terms).

22
Unauthorized Practice of Law Committee v. American Home Assurance Co.green
tex · 2008 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2012–2014
2 sentences

2014Home Assurance Co., 261 S.W.3d 24, 42 (Tex. 2008) (emphasis in original); but see Employers Cas.

2012Home Assurance Co., 261 S.W.3d 24, 42 (Tex.2008) (emphasis in original); see also id. (noting that “[w]hether defense counsel also represents the insurer is a matter of contract between them”); Tex. Disciplinary Rules Prof’l Conduct R. 1.06 (allowing a lawyer to represent more than one client in a matter if not precluded by conflicts between them), reprinted in Tex. Gov’t Code, tit. 2, subtit.

22
Getty Oil Co. v. Insurance Co. of North Americagreen
tex · 1993 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2003–2012
2 sentences

2012Co. of N. Am., 845 S.W.2d 794, 804 (Tex. 1992)).

2003See Getty Oil Co. v. Insurance Co. of N. Am., 845 S.W.2d 794, 804 (Tex. 1992); see also Certain Underwriters at Lloyd's London v. Oryx Energy Co., 142 F.3d 255, 260 (5 th Cir. 1998).

22
Hughes v. Autrygreen
texapp · 1994 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
2 sentences

2006See id.

2006See id.

22
cluster 530580green
ca5 · 1989 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005See id.

2005See id.

22
Bekins Moving & Storage Co. v. Williamsgreen
texapp · 1997 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005It specifies particular time periods during which an insurer must act on claims, Bekins Moving & Storage Co. v. Williams , 947 S.W.2d 568, 581 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 1997, no pet.), and “requires the prompt payment or resolution of claims according to a defined timetable,” DeLeon v. Lloyd’s London Certain Underwriters , 259 F.3d 344, 354 (5th Cir. 2001). (footnote: 8) An insurer will not be held liable for violating article 21.55 unless it is found liable for the underlying insurance claim.

2005It specifies particular time periods during which an insurer must act on claims, Bekins Moving & Storage Co. v. Williams, 947 S.W.2d 568, 581 (Tex.App.-Texarkana 1997, no pet.), and “requires the prompt payment or resolution of claims according to a defined timetable,” DeLeon v. Lloyd’s London Certain Underwriters, 259 F.3d 344, 354 (5th Cir.2001). 8 An insurer will not be held liable for violating article 21.55 unless it is found liable for the underlying insurance claim.

22
DeLeon v. Lloyd's London, Certain Underwritersgreen
ca5 · 2001 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005It specifies particular time periods during which an insurer must act on claims, Bekins Moving & Storage Co. v. Williams , 947 S.W.2d 568, 581 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 1997, no pet.), and “requires the prompt payment or resolution of claims according to a defined timetable,” DeLeon v. Lloyd’s London Certain Underwriters , 259 F.3d 344, 354 (5th Cir. 2001). (footnote: 8) An insurer will not be held liable for violating article 21.55 unless it is found liable for the underlying insurance claim.

2005It specifies particular time periods during which an insurer must act on claims, Bekins Moving & Storage Co. v. Williams, 947 S.W.2d 568, 581 (Tex.App.-Texarkana 1997, no pet.), and “requires the prompt payment or resolution of claims according to a defined timetable,” DeLeon v. Lloyd’s London Certain Underwriters, 259 F.3d 344, 354 (5th Cir.2001). 8 An insurer will not be held liable for violating article 21.55 unless it is found liable for the underlying insurance claim.

22
Whatley v. City of Dallasgreen
texapp · 1988 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 1994–2004
2 sentences

2004Whatley v. City of Dallas, 758 S.W.2d 301, 307 (Tex.App.-Dallas 1988, writ denied).

1994Whatley v. City of Dallas, 758 S.W.2d 301, 307 (Tex.App.—Dallas 1988, writ denied); Becker v. Allstate Ins.

22
State Farm Lloyds v. Nicolaugreen
tex · 1997 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2003–2003
2 sentences

2003See Nicolau , 951 S.W.2d at 448 ; Lyons , 866 S.W.2d at 601 .

2003See Nicolau, 951 S.W.2d at 448 ; Lyons, 866 S.W.2d at 601 .

22
State Farm Lloyds v. Johnsongreen
tex · 2009 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2019
2 sentences

2019By today’s decision, as a practical matter, whenever 1 See State Farm Lloyds v. Johnson, 290 S.W.3d 886, 888 (Tex. 2009). 2 Ante at ___. 3 In re Universal Underwriters of Tex. Ins.

2015Co., 345 S.W.3d 404 (Tex. 2011) ...................................................... v, 6, 8, 10, 12 State Farm Lloyds v. Johnson, 290 S.W.3d 886 (Tex. 2009) ...........................10, 11 - iii - STATEMENT OF THE CASE Underlying Proceeding: This is a suit brought by Real-Party-in-Interest Hussam Barazi for claims allegedly arising from Relator American Risk Insurance Company, Inc.’s handling of an insurance claim.

12
State Farm Fire & Casualty Co. v. Simmonsgreen
tex · 1998 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005Co. v. Simmons , 963 S.W.2d 42 , 45 n.1 (Tex. 1998) ( "Arson is an affirmative defense to an insurance claim for a loss resulting from a fire.").

2005Co. v. Simmons, 963 S.W.2d 42 , 45 n. 1 (Tex.1998) (“Arson is an affirmative defense to an insurance claim for a loss resulting from a fire.”).

12
Walker v. Presidium, Inc.green
texapp · 2009 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025The statute of “[l]imitations begins to run upon accrual of the cause of action.” Barker v. Eckman, 213 S.W.3d 306, 311 (Tex. 2006). “[C]auses of action under the Insurance Code . . . based on a denial of insurance coverage or benefits accrue on the date the insurer denies coverage.” Walker v. Presidium, Inc., 296 S.W.3d 687, 694 (Tex. App.—El Paso 2009, no pet.). 6 The summary judgment evidence shows that appellants filed an insurance claim on September 7, 2018.

11
Barker v. Eckmangreen
tex · 2006 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025The statute of “[l]imitations begins to run upon accrual of the cause of action.” Barker v. Eckman, 213 S.W.3d 306, 311 (Tex. 2006). “[C]auses of action under the Insurance Code . . . based on a denial of insurance coverage or benefits accrue on the date the insurer denies coverage.” Walker v. Presidium, Inc., 296 S.W.3d 687, 694 (Tex. App.—El Paso 2009, no pet.). 6 The summary judgment evidence shows that appellants filed an insurance claim on September 7, 2018.

11
Charles Ben Howell v. State Bar of Texasgreen
ca5 · 1988 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024But TDI’s formal guidance is oversimplified in stating that the Public Insurance Adjusters Act prevents contractors from “discuss[ing] insurance policy coverages and exclusions” or “advocat[ing] on behalf of (framing the inquiry as “whether the ordinary lawyer, with the benefit of guidance provided by case law, court rules, and the lore of the profession, could understand and comply with [the law]” (quoting Howell v. State Bar of Tex., 843 F.2d 205, 208 (5th Cir. 1988) (quotation marks omitted)). 73 See TEX.

11
Bradford v. Ventogreen
tex · 2001 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023See Bradford, 48 S.W.3d at 755 ; Prudential Ins.

11
Phan Son Van v. Penagreen
tex · 1999 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
11
In re: Texas Farm Bureau Underwritersgreen
texapp · 2012 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
11
In Re Allstate Insurance Co.green
texapp · 2007 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
11
Liberty National Fire Insurance Co. v. Akingreen
tex · 1996 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
11
Republic Underwriters Insurance Co. v. Mex-Tex, Inc.green
tex · 2004 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
11
Mount Pleasant Independent School District v. Estate of Lindburg Ex Rel. Lindburggreen
tex · 1989 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
11
Nunez v. Professional Transit Management of Tucson, Inc.green
ariz · 2012 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
11
Roberts v. Clarkgreen
texapp · 2002 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Lamar Homes, Inc. v. Mid-Continent Casualty Co.green
tex · 2007 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Hohenberg Bros. Co. v. George E. Gibbons & Co.green
tex · 1976 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Hughes v. Mahaney & Higginsgreen
tex · 1992 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
BETTER BUSINESS BUREAU OF METROPOLITAN DALLAS, INC., Appellant v. Lloyd WARD, Appelleegreen
texapp · 2013 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
11
ExxonMobil Pipeline Co. v. Colemangreen
tex · 2017 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
11
Akin v. Santa Clara Land Co., Ltd.green
texapp · 2000 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
11
Republic Insurance Co. v. Stokergreen
tex · 1995 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Tivoli Corp. v. Jewelers Mutual Insurance Co.green
texapp · 1996 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
James V. Mazuca & Associates v. Schumanngreen
texapp · 2002 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Coastal Refining & Marketing, Inc. v. United States Fidelity & Guaranty Co.green
texapp · 2007 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Thompson v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 1999 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2012–2012
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (1)

CaseNegativeCited
In Re United Fire Lloydsgreen
texapp · 2010 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
11

Also cited on this issue (23)

CaseCitedYears
in Re Liberty Insurance Corporation green
texapp · 2016
2 sentences

2025Corp., 496 S.W.3d 229 , 234–35 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2016, orig. proceeding [mand. denied]) (concluding that the insurer’s denial of the insurance claim did not amount to a waiver of its right to appraisal).

2025Corp., 496 S.W.3d 229 , 234–35 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2016, orig. proceeding [mand. denied]) (concluding that the insurer’s denial of the insurance claim did not amount to a waiver of its right to appraisal).

42025–2025
Provident Life & Accident Insurance Co. v. Knott green
tex · 2003
2 sentences

2015Knott, 128 S.W.3d at 222-23 .

2010Knott, 128 S.W.3d at 222-23 .

42010–2015
Chrysler Insurance Co. v. Greenspoint Dodge of Houston, Inc. green
tex · 2009
2 sentences

2018Similarly, in Chrysler Insurance Co. v. Greenspoint Dodge of Houston, Inc. , we quoted Stoker 's general rule and held that, because the insurer "did not breach the insurance contract, no basis supports" the insured's recovery of "punitive and extra-contractual damages." 297 S.W.3d 248 , 253-54 (Tex. 2009) (per curiam).

2018Similarly, in Chrysler Insurance Co. v. Greenspoint Dodge of Houston, Inc., we quoted Stoker’s general rule and held that, because the insurer “did not breach the insurance contract, no basis supports” the insured’s recovery of “punitive and extra-contractual damages.” 297 S.W.3d 248 , 253–54 (Tex. 2009) (per curiam).

32017–2018
Maryland American General Insurance Co. v. Blackmon green
tex · 1982
2 sentences

2015In Maryland American General Insurance Co. v. Blackmon, 639 S.W.2d 455 (Tex. 1982), the court found that the plaintiff was not entitled to discovery of otherwise privileged information regarding bad-faith claims as long as the liability on the contract action remained undetermined as it would be prejudicial to the insurance company's right to the defense of the contract.

1986The court held that the insurer was entitled to assert its discovery privilege with regard to materials relating to the filing and investigation of the insurance claim and its decision on the claim in the bad faith action “so long as its liability on the [contract] remains undetermined.” Id. at 458 .

21986–2015
Evanston Insurance Co. v. ATOFINA Petrochemicals, Inc. green
tex · 2008
2 sentences

2015Co. v. ATOFINA Petrochemicals, Inc., 256 S.W.3d 660 16 -- (Tex. 2008), Aubris and Pasadena Refining.4 Appellants make the similar argument that ATOFINA, Aubris and Pasadena Refining support their contention that “the insurance requirement which Savage assumed liability for in the Exxon-Savage contract, including liability to secure a workers’ compensation insurance policy containing waiver of workers’ compensation subrogation rights in favor of Exxon, is separate and independent and not remotely interconnected with any contractual indemnity provisions contained in the ExxonMobil-Savage contrac

2012Moreover, ―where an additional insured provision is separate from and additional to an indemnity provision, the scope of the insurance requirement is not limited by the indemnity claims.‖ Evanston, 256 S.W.3d at 664 n.5 (citing Getty Oil Co. v. Ins.

22012–2015
Ehrig v. Germania Farm Mutual Insurance Ass'n green
texapp · 2002
2 sentences

2009See Murray , 800 S.W.2d at 828 n.2; Ehrig , 84 S.W.3d at 325 .

2009See Murray, 800 S.W.2d at 828 n.2; Ehrig, 84 S.W.3d at 325 .

22009–2009
Mid-Century Insurance Co. of Texas v. Kidd green
tex · 1999
2 sentences

2006Kidd , 997 S.W.2d at 272 . [13] The insurance clause in Kidd provided that: In order to avoid insurance benefits payments in excess of actual damages sustained, subject only to the limits set out in the Declarations . . . we will pay all covered damages not paid or payable under any . . .

2006Personal Injury Protection Coverage. 997 S.W.2d at 267 . [14] Am.

22006–2006
Lyons v. Millers Casualty Insurance Co. of Texas green
tex · 1993
2 sentences

2003See Nicolau , 951 S.W.2d at 448 ; Lyons , 866 S.W.2d at 601 .

2003See Nicolau, 951 S.W.2d at 448 ; Lyons, 866 S.W.2d at 601 .

22003–2003
Balandran v. Safeco Insurance Co. of America green
tex · 1998
2 sentences

1999Balandran, 972 S.W.2d at 741-42 .

1999Balandran, 972 S.W.2d at 741-42 .

21999–1999
First Texas Bank v. Chris Carpenter green
tex · 2016
12021–2021
Anderson v. Market Street Developers, Ltd. green
texapp · 1997
12020–2020
Brainard v. Trinity Universal Insurance Co. green
tex · 2006
12018–2018
In re Liberty County Mutual Insurance Co. green
texapp · 2017
12018–2018
Insurance Co. of Pennsylvania v. Roberts green
tennctapp · 2016
12016–2016
Henson v. Southern Farm Bureau Casualty Insurance Co. green
tex · 2000
12015–2015
Logan v. State green
texapp · 2001
12007–2007
Obigbo v. State green
texapp · 1999
12007–2007
Lumbermens Mutual Casualty Co. v. Grinnell Corp. green
mad · 2007
12007–2007
Koch Refining Co. v. Chapa green
tex · 2000
12007–2007
Joe Adams & Son v. McCann Construction Company red
tex · 1971
11996–1996
Fireman's Fund Insurance Co. v. Commercial Standard Insurance Co. green
tex · 1972
11996–1996
First Title Co. of Waco v. Garrett green
texapp · 1990
11993–1993
Transamerica Title Insurance Co. v. San Benito Bank & Trust Co. green
texapp · 1988
11993–1993

Statutes the citing opinions construe

TX § Tex. Ins. Code § 541.060 (8) TX § Tex. Ins. Code § 541.151 (6) TX § Tex. Ins. Code § 542.060 (6) TX § Tex. Ins. Code § 541.061 (5) TX § Tex. Ins. Code § 542.051 (5) TX § Tex. Ins. Code § 542.056 (4) TX § Tex. Ins. Code § 542.058 (4)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 124 (1954–2026) AL 119 (1933–2026) IL 111 (1942–2026) TX 108 (1922–2026) FL 77 (1965–2022) NY 68 (1903–2026) WA 57 (1926–2024) CT 49 (1980–2019) MO 45 (1980–2023) MI 42 (1968–2021) IN 39 (1939–2025) NJ 37 (1887–2026) PA 35 (1841–2023) MS 32 (1961–2025) OH 28 (1961–2026) GA 28 (1980–2026) LA 26 (1952–2023) MN 25 (1932–2018) OK 23 (1942–2024) ID 21 (1969–2021) AZ 19 (1963–2023) MA 19 (1939–2017) WI 17 (1923–2026) IA 16 (1982–2022) UT 15 (1988–2026) WV 15 (1928–2025) TN 15 (1988–2024) NM 14 (1992–2023) MT 13 (2003–2019) NC 13 (1961–2022) OR 13 (1964–2026) KS 12 (1902–2022) HI 11 (1987–2025) CO 11 (1996–2026) KY 10 (1909–2024) MD 10 (1989–2024) ND 8 (1982–2025) DE 7 (1988–2026) AR 7 (1933–2011) VT 7 (1984–2026) NE 7 (1944–2024) AK 6 (1989–2014) RI 6 (1970–2007) VA 4 (1983–2021) WY 4 (1982–2022) NV 3 (1998–2011) SC 2 (1994–2019) ME 2 (2017–2019) NH 2 (2015–2019)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

← Caselaw search · G Cite Topics · Brief Check