Massachusetts rule in Washington

12 Washington opinions name it 2 courts 1914–2001 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Washington courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (2)

Case	Followed	Cited
Oerter v. Zieglergreen wash · 1910 · cited in 6 Washington opinions naming this issue, 1974–2001 2 sentences 1994In 1910, this state adopted the Massachusetts rule in Oerter v. Ziegler, 59 Wash. 421 , 109 P. 1058 (1910), and subsequently reaffirmed it in Schedler v. Wagner, 37 Wn.2d 612 , 225 P.2d 213 , 230 P.2d 600 , 26 A.L.R.2d 604 (1950). 1994In 1910, this state adopted the Massachusetts rule in Oerter v. Ziegler, 59 Wash. 421 , 109 P. 1058 (1910), and subsequently reaffirmed it in Schedler v. Wagner, 37 Wn.2d 612 , 225 P.2d 213 , 230 P.2d 600 , 26 A.L.R.2d 604 (1950).	2	6
Schedler v. Wagnergreen wash · 1950 · cited in 5 Washington opinions naming this issue, 1975–2001 2 sentences 1994In 1910, this state adopted the Massachusetts rule in Oerter v. Ziegler, 59 Wash. 421 , 109 P. 1058 (1910), and subsequently reaffirmed it in Schedler v. Wagner, 37 Wn.2d 612 , 225 P.2d 213 , 230 P.2d 600 , 26 A.L.R.2d 604 (1950). 1994In 1910, this state adopted the Massachusetts rule in Oerter v. Ziegler, 59 Wash. 421 , 109 P. 1058 (1910), and subsequently reaffirmed it in Schedler v. Wagner, 37 Wn.2d 612 , 225 P.2d 213 , 230 P.2d 600 , 26 A.L.R.2d 604 (1950).	2	5

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Washington. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (19)

Case	Cited	Years
Woods v. Naumkeag Steam Cotton Co. green mass · 1883 2 sentences 2001The Massachusetts rule, otherwise known as the “natural accumulation rule,” stems from the case of Woods v. Naumkeag Steam Cotton Co., 134 Mass. 357 (1883). 2001The Massachusetts rule, otherwise known as the “natural accumulation rule,” stems from the case of Woods v. Naumkeag Steam Cotton Co., 134 Mass. 357 (1883).	7	1975–2001
Geise v. Lee green wash · 1975 2 sentences 1994This approach has rapidly replaced the Massachusetts rule and is representative of the modern trend which has been adopted by a majority of jurisdictions. ... 84 Wn.2d at 868-69 . 1994This approach has rapidly replaced the Massachusetts rule and is representative of the modern trend which has been adopted by a majority of jurisdictions. ... 84 Wn.2d at 868-69 .	4	1994–1996
Reardon v. Shimelman green conn · 1925 2 sentences 2001Contrary to the Massachusetts rule, the Connecticut rule announced in Reardon v. Shimelman, 102 Conn. 383 , 128 A. 705 (1925) placed the burden on the landowner: The duty of the landlord being to exercise reasonable care to prevent the occurrence of defective or dangerous conditions in the common approaches, the fact that a particular danger arose from the fall of snow or the freezing of ice can afford no ground of distinction. 2001Contrary to the Massachusetts rule, the Connecticut rule announced in Reardon v. Shimelman, 102 Conn. 383 , 128 A. 705 (1925) placed the burden on the landowner: The duty of the landlord being to exercise reasonable care to prevent the occurrence of defective or dangerous conditions in the common approaches, the fact that a particular danger arose from the fall of snow or the freezing of ice can afford no ground of distinction.	2	2001–2001
Schaeffer v. Woodhead green washctapp · 1991 2 sentences 1996Schaeffer v. Woodhead, 63 Wash.App. 627 , 821 P.2d 75 (1991) (affirming summary judgment for defendant). 1996Schaeffer v. Woodhead, 63 Wash.App. 627 , 821 P.2d 75 (1991) (affirming summary judgment for defendant).	2	1996–1996
Iwai v. State green wash · 1996 2 sentences 2001Id. at 90 , 915 P.2d 1089 . 2001Id. at 90 , 915 P.2d 1089 .	1	2001–2001
Karp v. Mills neutral mass · 1964 2 sentences 1974Karp v. Mills, 348 Mass. 768 , 202 N.E.2d 244 (1964); Kilbury v. McConnell, 246 Ark. 528 , 438 S.W.2d 692 (1969). 1974Karp v. Mills, 348 Mass. 768 , 202 N.E.2d 244 (1964); Kilbury v. McConnell, 246 Ark. 528 , 438 S.W.2d 692 (1969).	1	1974–1974
Lord v. Maryland Casualty Co. green mass · 1964 2 sentences 1974Karp v. Mills, 348 Mass. 768 , 202 N.E.2d 244 (1964); Kilbury v. McConnell, 246 Ark. 528 , 438 S.W.2d 692 (1969). 1974Karp v. Mills, 348 Mass. 768 , 202 N.E.2d 244 (1964); Kilbury v. McConnell, 246 Ark. 528 , 438 S.W.2d 692 (1969).	1	1974–1974
Strong v. Shefveland green minn · 1957 2 sentences 1974Fuller v. Housing Authority, 108 R.I. 770 , 279 A.2d 438 , 49 A.L.R.3d 382 (1971); 732 Dubreuil v. Dubreuil, 107 N.H. 519 , 229 A.2d 338 (1967); Strong v. Shefveland, 249 Minn. 59 , 81 N.W.2d 247 (1957). 1974Fuller v. Housing Authority, 108 R.I. 770 , 279 A.2d 438 , 49 A.L.R.3d 382 (1971); 732 Dubreuil v. Dubreuil, 107 N.H. 519 , 229 A.2d 338 (1967); Strong v. Shefveland, 249 Minn. 59 , 81 N.W.2d 247 (1957).	1	1974–1974
Kilbury v. McConnell green ark · 1969 2 sentences 1974Karp v. Mills, 348 Mass. 768 , 202 N.E.2d 244 (1964); Kilbury v. McConnell, 246 Ark. 528 , 438 S.W.2d 692 (1969). 1974Karp v. Mills, 348 Mass. 768 , 202 N.E.2d 244 (1964); Kilbury v. McConnell, 246 Ark. 528 , 438 S.W.2d 692 (1969).	1	1974–1974
Cramer v. Van Parys green washctapp · 1972 2 sentences 1974Schedler v. Wagner, supra; Oerter v. Ziegler, 59 Wash. 421 , 109 P. 1058 (1910); Cramer v. Van Parys, 7 Wn. 1974Schedler v. Wagner, supra; Oerter v. Ziegler, 59 Wash. 421 , 109 P. 1058 (1910); Cramer v. Van Parys, 7 Wn.	1	1974–1974
Fuller v. HOUSING AUTHORITY OF PROV. green ri · 1971 2 sentences 1974Fuller v. Housing Authority, 108 R.I. 770 , 279 A.2d 438 , 49 A.L.R.3d 382 (1971); 732 Dubreuil v. Dubreuil, 107 N.H. 519 , 229 A.2d 338 (1967); Strong v. Shefveland, 249 Minn. 59 , 81 N.W.2d 247 (1957). 1974Fuller v. Housing Authority, 108 R.I. 770 , 279 A.2d 438 , 49 A.L.R.3d 382 (1971); 732 Dubreuil v. Dubreuil, 107 N.H. 519 , 229 A.2d 338 (1967); Strong v. Shefveland, 249 Minn. 59 , 81 N.W.2d 247 (1957).	1	1974–1974
Dubreuil v. Dubreuil green nh · 1967 2 sentences 1974Fuller v. Housing Authority, 108 R.I. 770 , 279 A.2d 438 , 49 A.L.R.3d 382 (1971); 732 Dubreuil v. Dubreuil, 107 N.H. 519 , 229 A.2d 338 (1967); Strong v. Shefveland, 249 Minn. 59 , 81 N.W.2d 247 (1957). 1974Fuller v. Housing Authority, 108 R.I. 770 , 279 A.2d 438 , 49 A.L.R.3d 382 (1971); 732 Dubreuil v. Dubreuil, 107 N.H. 519 , 229 A.2d 338 (1967); Strong v. Shefveland, 249 Minn. 59 , 81 N.W.2d 247 (1957).	1	1974–1974
Motta v. Mello green mass · 1958 2 sentences 1961The Massachusetts rule is stated in Motta v. Mello, 338 Mass. 170 , 154 N. E. (2d) 364 (1958), as follows: “The crucial testimony is that of the plaintiff admitting (a) that she had been invited to ride by the defendant before she was injured, and (b) that when she was injured she was on her way to get into the automobile. 1961The Massachusetts rule is stated in Motta v. Mello, 338 Mass. 170 , 154 N. E. (2d) 364 (1958), as follows: “The crucial testimony is that of the plaintiff admitting (a) that she had been invited to ride by the defendant before she was injured, and (b) that when she was injured she was on her way to get into the automobile.	1	1961–1961
Sullivan v. Boston & Albany Railroad green mass · 1892 2 sentences 1943In Gasch v. Rounds, supra, wherein this court definitely expressed such to be the test, we adopted the so-called Massachusetts rule as expounded in Plummer v. Dill, 156 Mass. 426 , 31 N. E. 128 , 32 Am. 1943In Gasch v. Rounds, supra, wherein this court definitely expressed such to be the test, we adopted the so-called Massachusetts rule as expounded in Plummer v. Dill, 156 Mass. 426 , 31 N. E. 128 , 32 Am.	1	1943–1943
Plummer v. Dill green mass · 1892 2 sentences 1943In Gasch v. Rounds, supra, wherein this court definitely expressed such to be the test, we adopted the so-called Massachusetts rule as expounded in Plummer v. Dill, 156 Mass. 426 , 31 N. E. 128 , 32 Am. 1943In Gasch v. Rounds, supra, wherein this court definitely expressed such to be the test, we adopted the so-called Massachusetts rule as expounded in Plummer v. Dill, 156 Mass. 426 , 31 N. E. 128 , 32 Am.	1	1943–1943
Holbrook v. Holbrook neutral nh · 1907 2 sentences 1932These rules are discussed at great length in elaborate notes to Holbrook v. Holbrook (74 N. H. 201, 66 Atl. 124 ), 12 L. 1932These rules are discussed at great length in elaborate notes to Holbrook v. Holbrook (74 N. H. 201, 66 Atl. 124 ), 12 L.	1	1932–1932
Paine v. Woods green mass · 1871 2 sentences 1914Paine v. Woods, 108 Mass. 160 ; Watuppa Reservoir Co. v. Fall River, 147 Mass. 548 , 18 N. E. 465 , 1 L. 1914Paine v. Woods, 108 Mass. 160 ; Watuppa Reservoir Co. v. Fall River, 147 Mass. 548 , 18 N. E. 465 , 1 L.	1	1914–1914
Watuppa Reservoir Co. v. City of Fall River green mass · 1888 2 sentences 1914Paine v. Woods, 108 Mass. 160 ; Watuppa Reservoir Co. v. Fall River, 147 Mass. 548 , 18 N. E. 465 , 1 L. 1914Paine v. Woods, 108 Mass. 160 ; Watuppa Reservoir Co. v. Fall River, 147 Mass. 548 , 18 N. E. 465 , 1 L.	1	1914–1914
Dupee v. Lentine neutral mass · 1888 2 sentences 1914Paine v. Woods, 108 Mass. 160 ; Watuppa Reservoir Co. v. Fall River, 147 Mass. 548 , 18 N. E. 465 , 1 L. 1914Paine v. Woods, 108 Mass. 160 ; Watuppa Reservoir Co. v. Fall River, 147 Mass. 548 , 18 N. E. 465 , 1 L.	1	1914–1914

Where else courts name it

MA 171 (1887–2026) NY 38 (1886–2009) MO 21 (1878–2014) IL 19 (1881–2010) CA 18 (1919–2018) MI 18 (1872–2008) RI 17 (1873–2011) NJ 17 (1898–1997) ME 17 (1914–2015) CT 17 (1890–1999) MD 15 (1894–1989) OH 15 (1914–1980) NH 15 (1894–2013) PA 13 (1924–2015) WA 12 (1914–2001) HI 12 (1900–2019) TX 12 (1894–2005) WI 12 (1897–1969) OR 12 (1923–2011) TN 11 (1896–2024) MN 11 (1914–1977) CO 10 (1891–2019) WY 10 (1901–2004) VA 10 (1906–1994) DE 10 (1913–1984) NM 9 (1937–2025) IA 9 (1920–1974) KY 8 (1912–2019) AR 8 (1895–2018) FL 7 (1929–2005) AL 7 (1914–2008) AZ 7 (1964–1974) UT 7 (1917–2000) NE 7 (1903–1978) ND 6 (1895–2012) SD 6 (1927–1968) VT 6 (1882–2006) NV 5 (1929–1992) WV 5 (1910–2022) OK 4 (1912–1994) IN 4 (1881–1982) NC 4 (1929–1994) DC 4 (1972–2006) LA 3 (1934–2014) SC 3 (1927–2004) GA 3 (1924–1965) MS 3 (1894–1983) MT 2 (1914–1924) ID 2 (1989–1995) KS 2 (1936–1990)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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