list factors (New York) · Go Syfert
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list factors in New York

26 New York opinions name it 11 courts 1969–2025 5 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by New York courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (19)

CaseFollowedCited
People v. Jenkinsgreen
nyappdiv · 2011 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2019–2025
2 sentences

2025In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v. Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]); see People v. Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating t

2019In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]; see People v Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating the

22
People v. Pringlegreen
nyappdiv · 2017 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2019–2025
2 sentences

2025In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v. Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]); see People v. Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating t

2019In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]; see People v Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating the

22
People v. . Shilitanogreen
ny · 1916 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2019–2025
2 sentences

2025In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v. Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]); see People v. Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating t

2025In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v. Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]); see People v. Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating t

22
People v. Wonggreen
nyappdiv · 2004 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2019–2025
2 sentences

2025In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v. Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]); see People v. Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating t

2019In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]; see People v Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating the

22
People v. Simmonsgreen
nyappdiv · 2005 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2019–2025
2 sentences

2025In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v. Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]); see People v. Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating t

2019In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]; see People v Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating the

22
People v. Pabongreen
nycterr · 2018 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2019–2025
2 sentences

2025In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v. Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]); see People v. Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating t

2019In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]; see People v Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating the

22
Gould v. New York City Police Departmentgreen
ny · 1996 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
2 sentences

2022Respondent properly redacted some records of a list of standard investigative steps to be taken in NYPD investigations, in order to prevent disclosure of "nonroutine police procedures" ( Matter of Gould v New York City Police Dept. , 89 NY2d 267, 278 [1996]; see Public Officers Law § 87[2][e][iv]).

2022Respondent properly redacted some records of a list of standard investigative steps to be taken in NYPD investigations, in order to prevent disclosure of "nonroutine police procedures" ( Matter of Gould v New York City Police Dept. , 89 NY2d 267, 278 [1996]; see Public Officers Law § 87[2][e][iv]).

22
Katz Park Avenue Corp. v. Jaggergreen
ny · 2008 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2012–2012
2 sentences

2012Corp. v Jagger, 11 NY3d 314, 317 [2008].) However, the Rent Stabilization Code provides a list of factors that may be considered as evidence in determining whether a rent-stabilized apartment is a tenant’s primary residence.

2012Corp. v Jagger, 11 NY3d 314, 317 [2008].) However, the Rent Stabilization Code provides a list of factors that may be considered as evidence in determining whether a rent-stabilized apartment is a tenant’s primary residence.

22
Malkin v. Tullygreen
nyappdiv · 1978 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
2 sentences

2023Indeed, the case cited by the Appellate Division for the list of factors relevant in this case, Matter of Malkin v Tully, compiled the list from factors in federal cases ( 65 AD2d 228, 231 [1978]).

2023Malkin described the relevant factors as “whether the petitioner signed the tax return, derived a substantial part of his income from the corporation, . . . had the right to hire and fire employees,” and “was authorized to sign checks” ( 65 AD2d at 231 [citations omitted]).

11
McHugh v. State Tax Commissiongreen
nyappdiv · 1979 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023Additional relevant factors that have been considered include status as a corporate officer, shareholder and signatory on corporate bank accounts (see Matter of - 12 - - 13 - No. 86 Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Hopper v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 224 AD2d 733, 737 [3d Dept 1996], lv denied 88 NY2d 808 [1996]), authority over the management of the corporation’s affairs (see Matter of Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Risoli v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 237 AD2d 675, 676 [3d Dept 1997]), authority to direct payment of corporate bills and to make payroll (see Matter of Fisher v

11
Claim of Tedesco v. Stewart & Bennett, Inc.green
nyappdiv · 1982 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023Additional relevant factors that have been considered include status as a corporate officer, shareholder and signatory on corporate bank accounts (see Matter of - 12 - - 13 - No. 86 Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Hopper v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 224 AD2d 733, 737 [3d Dept 1996], lv denied 88 NY2d 808 [1996]), authority over the management of the corporation’s affairs (see Matter of Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Risoli v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 237 AD2d 675, 676 [3d Dept 1997]), authority to direct payment of corporate bills and to make payroll (see Matter of Fisher v

11
Basch v. New York State Tax Commissiongreen
nyappdiv · 1987 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023Because “[t]he factual nature of the determination precludes an exhaustive list of factors” (Matter of Basch v New York State Tax Commn., 134 AD2d 786, 787 [3d Dept 1987]), the list of factors considered in the state courts has evolved over time, just as it has in the federal courts.

11
Martin v. Commissioner of Taxation & Financegreen
nyappdiv · 1990 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023Additional relevant factors that have been considered include status as a corporate officer, shareholder and signatory on corporate bank accounts (see Matter of - 12 - - 13 - No. 86 Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Hopper v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 224 AD2d 733, 737 [3d Dept 1996], lv denied 88 NY2d 808 [1996]), authority over the management of the corporation’s affairs (see Matter of Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Risoli v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 237 AD2d 675, 676 [3d Dept 1997]), authority to direct payment of corporate bills and to make payroll (see Matter of Fisher v

11
Hopper v. Commissioner of Taxation & Financegreen
nyappdiv · 1996 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023Additional relevant factors that have been considered include status as a corporate officer, shareholder and signatory on corporate bank accounts (see Matter of - 12 - - 13 - No. 86 Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Hopper v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 224 AD2d 733, 737 [3d Dept 1996], lv denied 88 NY2d 808 [1996]), authority over the management of the corporation’s affairs (see Matter of Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Risoli v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 237 AD2d 675, 676 [3d Dept 1997]), authority to direct payment of corporate bills and to make payroll (see Matter of Fisher v

11
Risoli v. Commissioner of Taxation & Financegreen
nyappdiv · 1997 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
2 sentences

2023Additional relevant factors that have been considered include status as a corporate officer, shareholder and signatory on corporate bank accounts (see Matter of - 12 - - 13 - No. 86 Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Hopper v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 224 AD2d 733, 737 [3d Dept 1996], lv denied 88 NY2d 808 [1996]), authority over the management of the corporation’s affairs (see Matter of Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Risoli v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 237 AD2d 675, 676 [3d Dept 1997]), authority to direct payment of corporate bills and to make payroll (see Matter of Fisher v

2023Additional relevant factors that have been considered include status as a corporate officer, shareholder and signatory on corporate bank accounts (see Matter of - 12 - - 13 - No. 86 Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Hopper v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 224 AD2d 733, 737 [3d Dept 1996], lv denied 88 NY2d 808 [1996]), authority over the management of the corporation’s affairs (see Matter of Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Risoli v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 237 AD2d 675, 676 [3d Dept 1997]), authority to direct payment of corporate bills and to make payroll (see Matter of Fisher v

11
Starla D. v. Jeremy E.green
nyappdiv · 2012 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
1 sentence

2019This list of factors is not exhaustive; consideration may also be given to whether the child's family image would be destroyed, whether he or she would suffer physical and/or emotional harm as a result of identifying a third person as a parent and/or the significant disruption to the stability of the child's existing family unit ( see Matter of Christopher YY. v Jessica ZZ. , 159 AD3d at 33; Matter of Starla D. v Jeremy E. , 95 AD3d 1605, 1607 [2012], lv dismissed 19 NY3d 1015 [2012]).

11
In re Altheimgreen
nyappdiv · 2004 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
1 sentence

2017Although not exhaustive, the following is a list of factors or circumstances that the court may consider in determining whether a proposed name change substantially promotes the child’s best interests: “(1) the extent to which a child identifies with and uses a particular surname; (2) the child’s expressed preference, if of sufficient age and maturity to articulate a basis for preferring a particular surname; (3) whether the child’s surname differs from the surname of the custodial parent; (4) the effect of the proposed name change on the child’s relationship with either parent; (5) whether th

11
In Re Trust Created by Hydegreen
ny · 2010 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
1 sentence

2011Rather, the decision states “[t]hese factors, none of which should be determinative, may include” the seven factors set forth above (see Matter of Hyde, 15 NY3d at 186 [emphasis added]).

11
Draper v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1959 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 1980–1980
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in New York. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (28)

CaseCitedYears
People v. Seymour green
ny · 2005
2 sentences

2025In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v. Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]); see People v. Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating t

2019In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]; see People v Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating the

22019–2025
People v. . Shilitano green
ny · 1916
2 sentences

2025In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v. Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]); see People v. Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating t

2019In recognition of the fact that "[t]here is no form of proof so unreliable as recanting testimony" ( People v Shilitano , 218 NY 161, 170 [1916], rearg denied 218 NY 702 [1916]; see People v Jenkins , 84 AD3d 1403, 1407 [2d Dept 2011], lv denied 19 NY3d 1026 [2012]), courts have set forth a list of factors to be considered where, as here, the newly discovered evidence is recantation evidence, i.e., "(1) the inherent believability of the substance of the recanting testimony; (2) the witness's demeanor both at trial and at the evidentiary hearing; (3) the existence of evidence corroborating the

22019–2025
People v. Lane green
nyappdiv · 2012
2 sentences

2025Another relevant factor is "whether the recantation refutes the eyewitness testimony of another witness" ( People v. Lane , 100 AD3d 1540 , 1541 [4th Dept 2012], lv denied 20 NY3d 1063 [2013]).

2019Another relevant factor is "whether the recantation refutes the eyewitness testimony of another witness" ( People v Lane , 100 AD3d 1540 , 1541 [4th Dept 2012], lv denied 20 NY3d 1063 [2013]).

22019–2025
MATTER OF TROPEA v. Tropea green
ny · 1996
2 sentences

2007Under Tropea ( 87 NY2d at 738 ), "no single factor should be treated as dispositive or given such disproportionate weight as to predetermine the outcome." The Court of Appeals concluded that "[i]n the end, it is for the court to determine, based on all of the proof, whether it has been established by a preponderance of the evidence that a proposed relocation would serve the child's best interests" ( Tropea , 87 NY2d at 741 ).

2007Under Tropea ( 87 NY2d at 738 ), "no single factor should be treated as dispositive or given such disproportionate weight as to predetermine the outcome." The Court of Appeals concluded that "[i]n the end, it is for the court to determine, based on all of the proof, whether it has been established by a preponderance of the evidence that a proposed relocation would serve the child's best interests" ( Tropea , 87 NY2d at 741 ).

22007–2007
People v. Lucas green
ny · 2024
1 sentence

2024At the time of trial, that pattern charge included recommended language pertaining to the cross-race effect, to be added to the list of factors affecting the accuracy of identification testimony "if placed in issue by the evidence" ( id. [as rev Jan. 2011]).

12024–2024
Menik v. Roth green
nyappdiv · 2001
2 sentences

2023Additional relevant factors that have been considered include status as a corporate officer, shareholder and signatory on corporate bank accounts (see Matter of - 12 - - 13 - No. 86 Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Hopper v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 224 AD2d 733, 737 [3d Dept 1996], lv denied 88 NY2d 808 [1996]), authority over the management of the corporation’s affairs (see Matter of Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Risoli v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 237 AD2d 675, 676 [3d Dept 1997]), authority to direct payment of corporate bills and to make payroll (see Matter of Fisher v

2023Additional relevant factors that have been considered include status as a corporate officer, shareholder and signatory on corporate bank accounts (see Matter of - 12 - - 13 - No. 86 Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Hopper v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 224 AD2d 733, 737 [3d Dept 1996], lv denied 88 NY2d 808 [1996]), authority over the management of the corporation’s affairs (see Matter of Menik, 280 AD2d at 703 ; Matter of Risoli v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin., 237 AD2d 675, 676 [3d Dept 1997]), authority to direct payment of corporate bills and to make payroll (see Matter of Fisher v

12023–2023
Poulose v. Shah green
ny · 2012
1 sentence

2019This list of factors is not exhaustive; consideration may also be given to whether the child's family image would be destroyed, whether he or she would suffer physical and/or emotional harm as a result of identifying a third person as a parent and/or the significant disruption to the stability of the child's existing family unit ( see Matter of Christopher YY. v Jessica ZZ. , 159 AD3d at 33; Matter of Starla D. v Jeremy E. , 95 AD3d 1605, 1607 [2012], lv dismissed 19 NY3d 1015 [2012]).

12019–2019
In re Eberhardt green
nyappdiv · 2011
1 sentence

2017Although not exhaustive, the following is a list of factors or circumstances that the court may consider in determining whether a proposed name change substantially promotes the child’s best interests: “(1) the extent to which a child identifies with and uses a particular surname; (2) the child’s expressed preference, if of sufficient age and maturity to articulate a basis for preferring a particular surname; (3) whether the child’s surname differs from the surname of the custodial parent; (4) the effect of the proposed name change on the child’s relationship with either parent; (5) whether th

12017–2017
People v. Paulman green
ny · 2005
1 sentence

2014The Court of Appeals has set forth a list of factors to be considered in determining whether there is a sufficiently definite, pronounced break in the interrogation to dissipate the taint of un-Mirandized custodial interrogation (see People v Paulman, 5 NY3d 122 [2005]).

12014–2014
Carothers v. Insurance Companies neutral
nycivct · 2009
1 sentence

2013Although plaintiff contends that the list of 13 factors was so overbroad as to be present in virtually every well-managed medical practice, in our opinion, it was not error for the Civil Court to set forth the list of factors to assist the jury in determining the issue of Sher’s and Vayman’s control over ACMDPC, particularly since the court specifically told the jury that it should consider “the totality of the circumstances” ( 26 Misc 3d at 455 ).

12013–2013
Thwaites v. New York State Board of Parole red
nysupct · 2011
1 sentence

2012In Matter of Thwaites (supra), Supreme Court, Orange County applied the 2011 Amendments to a March 16, 2010 determination of the Parole Board.

12012–2012
Khayat v. Gill green
nyappdiv · 2000
1 sentence

2008It does not appear that the First Department intended these facts to be a complete list of the factors that the trial court should consider, but this language does provide this Court with some guidance. [*3] In Devin R. , 278 AD2d 15 , 717 NYS2d 145 [1st Dept 2000], the court found that it was appropriate to substitute a PINS finding for a juvenile delinquency finding.

12008–2008
In re Devon R. neutral
nyappdiv · 2000
12008–2008
Heiman v. City of New York green
nyappdiv · 1982
12003–2003
Barnes v. County of Onondaga green
nyappdiv · 1984
12003–2003
People v. Brooks green
nycountyct · 1985
12002–2002
People v. Perry green
nyappdiv · 1967
11998–1998
People v. Walker green
nysupct · 1987
11998–1998
DiNatale v. Levitt neutral
ny · 1990
11997–1997
People v. Muriel neutral
nyappdiv · 1992
11994–1994
People v. Bologna green
nyappdiv · 1979
11991–1991
In Re the Marriage of Williams green
iowa · 1972
11982–1982
Boyd v. Boyd green
me · 1980
11982–1982
Brinegar v. United States green
scotus · 1949
11980–1980
Terry v. Ohio green
scotus · 1968
11980–1980
People v. Elwell green
ny · 1980
11980–1980
Armstrong v. Percy green
nysupct · 1830
11969–1969
Staats v. Executors of Ten Eyck green
· 1805
11969–1969

Where else courts name it

TX 255 (1933–2025) TN 143 (1997–2026) CA 133 (1975–2026) IL 104 (1978–2026) OH 104 (1975–2026) MI 68 (1983–2026) PA 67 (1959–2026) MS 55 (1986–2025) LA 43 (1978–2026) WA 37 (1986–2024) UT 32 (1987–2025) OR 31 (1905–2025) MN 30 (1978–2025) MD 30 (1981–2025) IN 30 (1979–2026) WI 29 (1999–2023) CO 27 (1977–2026) NY 26 (1969–2025) AL 26 (1976–2025) KS 25 (1989–2025) FL 23 (1977–2025) MA 22 (1980–2020) ID 22 (1985–2026) IA 21 (1992–2026) NJ 20 (1983–2025) SC 16 (2008–2022) NV 16 (2009–2020) DC 16 (1980–2017) KY 15 (1968–2026) ME 15 (2004–2026) SD 15 (1990–2026) MO 14 (1975–2025) NC 14 (1984–2017) AK 13 (1972–2020) OK 13 (1986–2023) WY 12 (1989–2025) NE 12 (1999–2024) AZ 12 (1986–2025) WV 11 (1994–2024) MT 11 (1994–2010) CT 11 (1996–2025) AR 10 (1993–2015) NM 10 (1983–2024) VA 10 (1990–2017) ND 9 (1981–2021) GA 9 (1985–2024) RI 9 (1992–2023) VT 8 (1984–2016) NH 6 (2019–2023) DE 5 (1987–2025) VI 3 (2009–2025) HI 2 (2003–2014)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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