parental immunity (Washington) · Go Syfert
← Washington issues

parental immunity in Washington

20 Washington opinions name it 2 courts 1979–2019 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Washington courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (20)

CaseFollowedCited
Zellmer v. Zellmergreen
wash · 2008 · cited in 8 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2009–2019
2 sentences

2016The Zellmer court describes this rule as limiting "the scope of conduct protected by the parental immunity doctrine." 164 Wn.2d at 163 .

2014Since its origination, the parental immunity doctrine has been subject to extensive critical commentary, and, like other jurisdictions, Washington has “substantially limited the scope of parental immunity.” Zellmer v. Zellmer, 164 Wn.2d 147, 155 , 188 P.3d 497 (2008); see also Merrick v. Sutterlin, 93 Wn.2d 411, 413-15 , 610 P.2d 891 (1980).

48
Roller v. Rollergreen
wash · 1905 · cited in 5 Washington opinions naming this issue, 1989–2014
2 sentences

2008That being the case, it is, in my view, unnecessary for us to resolve the question of whether Zellmer was in loco parentis to his stepchild. ¶53 The parental immunity doctrine, which we first recognized in Roller v. Roller, 37 Wash. 242 , 79 P. 788 (1905), has heretofore applied only to a birth or adoptive parent (hereinafter parent). 6 See Borst v. Borst, 41 Wn.2d 642, 656 , 251 P.2d 149 (1952); see also DeLay v. DeLay, 54 Wn.2d 63 , 337 P.2d 1057 (1959).

2008That being the case, it is, in my view, unnecessary for us to resolve the question of whether Zellmer was in loco parentis to his stepchild. ¶53 The parental immunity doctrine, which we first recognized in Roller v. Roller, 37 Wash. 242 , 79 P. 788 (1905), has heretofore applied only to a birth or adoptive parent (hereinafter parent). 6 See Borst v. Borst, 41 Wn.2d 642, 656 , 251 P.2d 149 (1952); see also DeLay v. DeLay, 54 Wn.2d 63 , 337 P.2d 1057 (1959).

45
United States v. Gaubertgreen
scotus · 1991 · cited in 3 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2008–2017
2 sentences

2017See United States v. Gaubert, 499 U.S. 315, 321-23 , 111 S. Ct. 1267 , 113 L.

2017See United States v. Gaubert, 499 U.S. 315, 321-23 , 111 S. Ct. 1267 , 113 L.

33
Merrick v. Sutterlingreen
wash · 1980 · cited in 5 Washington opinions naming this issue, 1986–2014
2 sentences

2014Since its origination, the parental immunity doctrine has been subject to extensive critical commentary, and, like other jurisdictions, Washington has “substantially limited the scope of parental immunity.” Zellmer v. Zellmer, 164 Wn.2d 147, 155 , 188 P.3d 497 (2008); see also Merrick v. Sutterlin, 93 Wn.2d 411, 413-15 , 610 P.2d 891 (1980).

2014Since its origination, the parental immunity doctrine has been subject to extensive critical commentary, and, like other jurisdictions, Washington has “substantially limited the scope of parental immunity.” Zellmer v. Zellmer, 164 Wn.2d 147, 155 , 188 P.3d 497 (2008); see also Merrick v. Sutterlin, 93 Wn.2d 411, 413-15 , 610 P.2d 891 (1980).

25
Warren v. Warrengreen
md · 1994 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
2 sentences

2008See Warren, 336 Md. at 622 n.l (noting only eight states continue to apply the parental immunity doctrine in cases of motor vehicle torts).

2008See Warren, 336 Md. at 622 n. 1, 650 A.2d 252 (noting only eight states continue to apply the parental immunity doctrine in cases of motor vehicle torts). [5] The concurrence/dissents refers to the parental immunity doctrine's "weak rationale" to explain its unwillingness to extend protection to stepparents.

22
Brunner v. Hutchinson Division, Lear-Siegler, Inc.green
sdd · 1991 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
2 sentences

2008See Brunner v. Hutchinson Div., Lear-Siegler, Inc., 770 F. Supp. 517, 525 (D.S.D. 1991) (parental privilege must be construed broadly enough to respect the sphere of parental discretion and avoid judicial second-guessing of parental judgment); Winn, 681 P.2d at 786 (permitting action by child based on negligent parental driving while recognizing an action will not lie where the defendant’s conduct was “either not tortious or privileged by virtue of the parental relationship”). ¶21 There now appears to be nearly universal consensus that children may sue their parents for personal injuries cause

2008See Brunner v. Hutchinson Div., 770 F.Supp. 517, 525 (D.S.D.1991) (parental privilege must be construed broadly enough to respect the sphere of parental discretion and avoid judicial second-guessing of parental judgment); Winn, 681 P.2d at 786 (permitting action by child based on negligent parental driving while recognizing an action will not lie where the defendant's conduct was "either not tortious or privileged by virtue of the parental relationship"). ¶ 21 There now appears to be nearly universal consensus that children may sue their parents for personal injuries caused by intentionally wr

22
Rayburn v. Mooregreen
miss · 1970 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
2 sentences

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

2008Unah v. Martin, 676 P.2d 1366 (Okla.1984); Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis.2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (App.Div.1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn.Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex.App.1996); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App.3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4 at 1087. ¶ 34 Authority to the co

22
Winn v. Gilroygreen
or · 1984 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
2 sentences

2008See Brunner v. Hutchinson Div., Lear-Siegler, Inc., 770 F. Supp. 517, 525 (D.S.D. 1991) (parental privilege must be construed broadly enough to respect the sphere of parental discretion and avoid judicial second-guessing of parental judgment); Winn, 681 P.2d at 786 (permitting action by child based on negligent parental driving while recognizing an action will not lie where the defendant’s conduct was “either not tortious or privileged by virtue of the parental relationship”). ¶21 There now appears to be nearly universal consensus that children may sue their parents for personal injuries cause

2008See Brunner v. Hutchinson Div., 770 F.Supp. 517, 525 (D.S.D.1991) (parental privilege must be construed broadly enough to respect the sphere of parental discretion and avoid judicial second-guessing of parental judgment); Winn, 681 P.2d at 786 (permitting action by child based on negligent parental driving while recognizing an action will not lie where the defendant's conduct was "either not tortious or privileged by virtue of the parental relationship"). ¶ 21 There now appears to be nearly universal consensus that children may sue their parents for personal injuries caused by intentionally wr

22
C.M.L. Ex Rel. Brabant v. Republic Services, Inc.green
indctapp · 2003 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
2 sentences

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

2008Unah v. Martin, 676 P.2d 1366 (Okla.1984); Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis.2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (App.Div.1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn.Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex.App.1996); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App.3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4 at 1087. ¶ 34 Authority to the co

22
DeLay v. DeLaygreen
wash · 1959 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
2 sentences

2008That being the case, it is, in my view, unnecessary for us to resolve the question of whether Zellmer was in loco parentis to his stepchild. ¶53 The parental immunity doctrine, which we first recognized in Roller v. Roller, 37 Wash. 242 , 79 P. 788 (1905), has heretofore applied only to a birth or adoptive parent (hereinafter parent). 6 See Borst v. Borst, 41 Wn.2d 642, 656 , 251 P.2d 149 (1952); see also DeLay v. DeLay, 54 Wn.2d 63 , 337 P.2d 1057 (1959).

2008That being the case, it is, in my view, unnecessary for us to resolve the question of whether Zellmer was in loco parentis to his stepchild. ¶53 The parental immunity doctrine, which we first recognized in Roller v. Roller, 37 Wash. 242 , 79 P. 788 (1905), has heretofore applied only to a birth or adoptive parent (hereinafter parent). 6 See Borst v. Borst, 41 Wn.2d 642, 656 , 251 P.2d 149 (1952); see also DeLay v. DeLay, 54 Wn.2d 63 , 337 P.2d 1057 (1959).

22
Zellmer v. Zellmergreen
wash · 2008 · cited in 5 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2009–2016
2 sentences

2014Since its origination, the parental immunity doctrine has been subject to extensive critical commentary, and, like other jurisdictions, Washington has " substantially limited the scope of parental immunity." Zellmer v. Zellmer, 164 Wn.2d 147, 155 , 188 P. 3d 497 ( 2008); see also Merrick v. Sutterlin, 93 Wn.2d 411 , 413 -15, 610 P. 2d 891 ( 1980). " The primary purpose of the doctrine is to avoid the chilling effect tort liability would have on a parent's exercise of parental discipline and parental discretion." Zellmer, 164 Wn.2d at 162 . " In exercising that right, parents are in need of a `

2014Since its origination, the parental immunity doctrine has been subject to extensive critical commentary, and, like other jurisdictions, Washington has “substantially limited the scope of parental immunity.” Zellmer v. Zellmer, 164 Wn.2d 147, 155 , 188 P.3d 497 (2008); see also Merrick v. Sutterlin, 93 Wn.2d 411, 413-15 , 610 P.2d 891 (1980).

15
Borst v. Borstgreen
wash · 1952 · cited in 4 Washington opinions naming this issue, 1986–2014
2 sentences

2014Since its origination, the parental immunity doctrine has been subject to extensive critical commentary, and, like other jurisdictions, Washington has " substantially limited the scope of parental immunity." Zellmer v. Zellmer, 164 Wn.2d 147, 155 , 188 P. 3d 497 ( 2008); see also Merrick v. Sutterlin, 93 Wn.2d 411 , 413 -15, 610 P. 2d 891 ( 1980). " The primary purpose of the doctrine is to avoid the chilling effect tort liability would have on a parent's exercise of parental discipline and parental discretion." Zellmer, 164 Wn.2d at 162 . " In exercising that right, parents are in need of a `

2014Since its origination, the parental immunity doctrine has been subject to extensive critical commentary, and, like other jurisdictions, Washington has " substantially limited the scope of parental immunity." Zellmer v. Zellmer, 164 Wn.2d 147, 155 , 188 P. 3d 497 ( 2008); see also Merrick v. Sutterlin, 93 Wn.2d 411 , 413 -15, 610 P. 2d 891 ( 1980). " The primary purpose of the doctrine is to avoid the chilling effect tort liability would have on a parent's exercise of parental discipline and parental discretion." Zellmer, 164 Wn.2d at 162 . " In exercising that right, parents are in need of a `

14
Jenkins v. Snohomish County Public Utility District No. 1green
wash · 1986 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 1989–2014
2 sentences

2014No. 1, 105 Wn.2d 99, 105-06 , 713 P.2d 79 (1986). ¶8 The Supreme Court to date has avoided adopting a bright line rule for application of the parental immunity doctrine.

2014No. 1, 105 Wn.2d 99, 105-06 , 713 P.2d 79 (1986). ¶8 The Supreme Court to date has avoided adopting a bright line rule for application of the parental immunity doctrine.

12
Bennett v. Ruegggreen
wash · 1998 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Residents Opposed to Kittitas Turbines v. State Energy Facility Site Evaluation Councilgreen
wash · 2008 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
In Re Estate of Kerrgreen
wash · 1998 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Residents Opposed Turbines v. State Efsecgreen
wash · 2008 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Machek v. City of Seattlegreen
wash · 1921 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 1994–1994
11
Masunaga v. Gapasingreen
washctapp · 1990 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 1994–1994
11
Gibson v. Gibsongreen
cal · 1971 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 1986–1986
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Washington. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (41)

CaseCitedYears
London Guarantee & Accident Co. v. Smith green
minn · 1954
2 sentences

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

22008–2008
Hewlett v. George red
miss · 1891
2 sentences

2008See, e.g., Roller v. Roller, 37 Wash. 242 , 79 P. 788 (1905) (father raped daughter); McKelvey v. McKelvey, 111 Tenn. 388 , 77 S.W. 664 (1903) (stepmother inflicted cruel and inhumane treatment on stepson); Hewellette v. George, 68 Miss. 703 , 9 So. 885 (1891) (mother falsely imprisoned child in insane asylum).

2008See, e.g., Roller v. Roller, 37 Wash. 242 , 79 P. 788 (1905) (father raped daughter); McKelvey v. McKelvey, 111 Tenn. 388 , 77 S.W. 664 (1903) (stepmother inflicted cruel and inhumane treatment on stepson); Hewellette v. George, 68 Miss. 703 , 9 So. 885 (1891) (mother falsely imprisoned child in insane asylum).

22008–2008
Lyles v. Jackson green
va · 1976
2 sentences

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

22008–2008
McKelvey v. McKelvey red
tenn · 1903
2 sentences

2008See, e.g., Roller v. Roller, 37 Wash. 242 , 79 P. 788 (1905) (father raped daughter); McKelvey v. McKelvey, 111 Tenn. 388 , 77 S.W. 664 (1903) (stepmother inflicted cruel and inhumane treatment on stepson); Hewellette v. George, 68 Miss. 703 , 9 So. 885 (1891) (mother falsely imprisoned child in insane asylum).

2008See, e.g., Roller v. Roller, 37 Wash. 242 , 79 P. 788 (1905) (father raped daughter); McKelvey v. McKelvey, 111 Tenn. 388 , 77 S.W. 664 (1903) (stepmother inflicted cruel and inhumane treatment on stepson); Hewellette v. George, 68 Miss. 703 , 9 So. 885 (1891) (mother falsely imprisoned child in insane asylum).

22008–2008
Livingston v. City of Everett green
washctapp · 1988
2 sentences

2008App. 655, 660 , 751 P.2d 1199 (1988), we held that parental immunity did not apply to shield a parent when the parental conduct resulting in injury to a child was “willful and wanton.” ¶56 While I am not presently advocating that we overrule the Roller case in which we first adopted the doctrine of parental immunity, I heartily assert that we should decline to extend the doctrine to stepparents.

2008App. 655, 660 , 751 P.2d 1199 (1988), we held that parental immunity did not apply to shield a parent when the parental conduct resulting in injury to a child was “willful and wanton.” ¶56 While I am not presently advocating that we overrule the Roller case in which we first adopted the doctrine of parental immunity, I heartily assert that we should decline to extend the doctrine to stepparents.

22008–2008
McManus v. Hinney green
wis · 1967
2 sentences

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

22008–2008
Rousey v. Rousey green
dc · 1987
2 sentences

2008Restatement, supra, § 895G (repudiation of general tort immunity does not create new liabilities for parents for conduct otherwise privileged or not tortious based on the parent/child relationship); Rousey v. Rousey, 528 A.2d 416 (D.C. 1987). ¶20 States that either abolished the parental immunity doctrine or declined to adopt it in the first instance none theless have followed the Restatement, disallowing negligent supervision claims based on the concept of a parental privilege.

2008RESTATEMENT, supra, § 895G (repudiation of general tort immunity does not create new liabilities for parents for conduct otherwise privileged or not tortious based on the parent/child relationship); Rousey v. Rousey, 528 A.2d 416 (D.C.App.1987). ¶ 20 States that either abolished the parental immunity doctrine or declined to adopt it in the first instance nonetheless have followed the Restatement, disallowing negligent supervision claims based on the concept of a parental privilege.

22008–2008
Bricault v. Deveau green
connsuperct · 1960
2 sentences

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

22008–2008
Burdick v. Nawrocki green
connsuperct · 1959
2 sentences

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

22008–2008
Zellmer v. Zellmer neutral
washctapp · 2006
2 sentences

2008App. 674, 681 , 133 P.3d 948 (2006).

2008The trial court concluded Zellmer necessarily stood in loco parentis to Ashley by virtue of assuming the status of stepparent: "when there is a marriage ceremony and there is a blended family and someone becomes a stepparent that the doctrine of parental immunity applies, and there does not have to be a finding of in loco parentis." Verbatim Report of Proceedings (VRP) (Nov. 5, 2004) at 9. ¶ 13 On appeal, the Court of Appeals recognized stepparents "do not earn the benefit of immunity simply by virtue of marriage to a legal parent." Zellmer v. Zellmer, 132 Wash.App. 674, 681 , 133 P.3d 948 (20

22008–2008
Chhuth v. George green
washctapp · 1986
2 sentences

2008As stated by the Court of Appeals, Division Three, “Since the underlying reasons for granting parental immunity are unaffected by the demise of a family member, the mere fact the cause of action is for wrongful death will not abrogate the parental immunity doctrine.” Chhuth v. George, 43 Wn.

2008App. 640, 647 , 719 P.2d 562 (1986) (denying contribution claim against parent for negligent supervision of child who was fatally injured while crossing the street). ¶32 Next, petitioners argue it would be inappropriate to extend the parental immunity doctrine to stepparents in view of the modern trend to limit or abolish it. ¶33 Notwithstanding the limitations courts have placed on the scope of conduct shielded by the parental immunity doctrine, a majority of states addressing the issue hold it applies to stepparents who stand in loco parentis to the same extent as to legal parents.

22008–2008
Gunn v. Rollings green
sc · 1967
2 sentences

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

22008–2008
McGee v. McGee green
texapp · 1997
2 sentences

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

2008Unah v. Martin, 676 P.2d 1366 (Okla.1984); Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis.2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (App.Div.1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn.Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex.App.1996); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App.3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4 at 1087. ¶ 34 Authority to the co

22008–2008
Barry v. Schorling green
ohioctapp · 1981
2 sentences

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

22008–2008
Rutkowski v. Wasko green
nyappdiv · 1955
2 sentences

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

22008–2008
Zellmer v. Zellmer neutral
washctapp · 2006
2 sentences

2008The trial court concluded Zellmer necessarily stood in loco parentis to Ashley by virtue of assuming the status of stepparent: “when there is a marriage ceremony and there is a blended family and someone becomes a stepparent... the doctrine of parental immunity applies, and there does not have to be a finding of in loco parentis.” Verbatim Report of Proceedings (VRP) (Nov. 5, 2004) at 9. ¶13 On appeal, the Court of Appeals recognized stepparents “do not earn the benefit of immunity simply by virtue of marriage to a legal parent.” Zellmer v. Zellmer, 132 Wn.

2008The trial court concluded Zellmer necessarily stood in loco parentis to Ashley by virtue of assuming the status of stepparent: "when there is a marriage ceremony and there is a blended family and someone becomes a stepparent that the doctrine of parental immunity applies, and there does not have to be a finding of in loco parentis." Verbatim Report of Proceedings (VRP) (Nov. 5, 2004) at 9. ¶ 13 On appeal, the Court of Appeals recognized stepparents "do not earn the benefit of immunity simply by virtue of marriage to a legal parent." Zellmer v. Zellmer, 132 Wash.App. 674, 681 , 133 P.3d 948 (20

22008–2008
Unah by and Through Unah v. Martin green
okla · 1984
2 sentences

2008Unah v. Martin, 1984 OK 2 , 676 P.2d 1366 ; Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis. 2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn. Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex. App. 1997); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App. 3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4, at 1087. ¶34 Authority to the cont

2008Unah v. Martin, 676 P.2d 1366 (Okla.1984); Lyles v. Jackson, 216 Va. 797 , 223 S.E.2d 873 (1976); McManus v. Hinney, 35 Wis.2d 433 , 151 N.W.2d 44 (1967); Gunn v. Rollings, 250 S.C. 302 , 157 S.E.2d 590 (1967); London Guar. & Acc. Co. v. Smith, 242 Minn. 211 , 64 N.W.2d 781 (1954); Rutkowski v. Wasko, 286 A.D. 327 , 143 N.Y.S.2d 1 (App.Div.1955); Bricault v. Deveau, 21 Conn.Supp. 486 , 157 A.2d 604 (1960); McGee v. McGee, 936 S.W.2d 360 (Tex.App.1996); Barry v. Schorling, 2 Ohio App.3d 110 , 440 N.E.2d 1216 (1981); see also Eclavea, supra, § 2[a], at 1071, § 4 at 1087. ¶ 34 Authority to the co

22008–2008
Hansen v. Friend green
wash · 1992
21998–1998
Hoffman v. Tracy green
wash · 1965
21979–1986
Strong v. Terrell green
washctapp · 2008
12016–2016
State v. Mason green
washctapp · 2012
12014–2014
Taggart v. State green
wash · 1992
12008–2008
Scott v. Trans-System, Inc. green
wash · 2003
12008–2008
Scott v. Trans-System, Inc. green
wash · 2003
12008–2008
Reynolds v. Hicks green
wash · 1998
11998–1998
Reynolds v. Hicks green
wash · 1998
11998–1998
Ertman v. City of Olympia green
wash · 1980
11989–1989
Norton v. Payne green
· 1929
11989–1989
Eldredge v. Kamp Kachess Youth Services, Inc. green
wash · 1978
11989–1989
Cox v. Hugo green
wash · 1958
11986–1986
Talarico v. Foremost Insurance Co. neutral
wash · 1986
11986–1986
Parks v. Parks green
pa · 1957
11979–1979
Johnson v. Myers green
illappct · 1972
11979–1979
Brennecke Ex Rel. Brennecke v. Kilpatrick green
mo · 1960
11979–1979
Thurman v. Etherton green
kyctapphigh · 1970
11979–1979
cluster 272198 green
ca1 · 1966
11979–1979
The First National Bank And Trust Company Of Waynesboro, Pennsylvania v. Union Bank And Trust Company Of Mt. Holly, New Jersey neutral
ca1 · 1968
11979–1979
Johnson v. Ottomeier green
wash · 1954
11979–1979
Dean v. Smith green
nh · 1965
11979–1979
Palcsey v. Tepper green
njsuperctappdiv · 1962
11979–1979

Statutes the citing opinions construe

WA § Wash. Rev. Code § 26.16.205 (4) WA § Wash. Rev. Code § 4.22.070 (4) WA § Wash. Rev. Code § 5.40.050 (4) WA § Wash. Rev. Code § 66.20.190 (4) WA § Wash. Rev. Code § 66.44.200 (4) WA § Wash. Rev. Code § 66.44.270 (4)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

TX 212 (1986–2026) CT 83 (1972–2006) PA 60 (1957–2026) AL 52 (1984–2026) MI 47 (1966–2025) UT 42 (1982–2024) MO 32 (1960–2025) IL 31 (1966–2004) FL 26 (1980–2025) VA 26 (1971–2026) MD 25 (1976–2022) IN 23 (1974–2026) NJ 20 (1960–2009) WA 20 (1979–2019) DC 20 (1985–2022) MA 18 (1975–2025) CO 17 (1974–2011) OH 16 (1981–2013) WV 14 (1968–2020) AR 14 (1980–2021) KY 14 (1970–2024) AZ 13 (1970–2021) NC 13 (1972–2024) MN 12 (1966–2026) OR 11 (1976–2016) CA 11 (1971–2025) IA 11 (1968–2022) NM 10 (1996–2025) WI 10 (1963–2005) NY 9 (1974–2013) MS 8 (1970–2016) SC 7 (1980–2001) KS 7 (1966–2025) ME 6 (1966–2000) TN 6 (1928–2005) DE 6 (1976–1997) GA 5 (1972–1993) ID 5 (1980–2011) OK 4 (1984–2023) WY 3 (1992–2023) MT 3 (1983–2025) NV 3 (1996–2013) SD 3 (2007–2025) LA 3 (1995–2016) ND 2 (2012–2012) HI 2 (2007–2026) NH 2 (1984–1992)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

← Caselaw search · G Cite Topics · Brief Check