offense violation (Indiana) · Go Syfert
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offense violation in Indiana

106 Indiana opinions name it 2 courts 1931–2020 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Indiana courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (21)

CaseFollowedCited
Richardson v. Stategreen
ind · 1999 · cited in 68 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2000–2020
2 sentences

2020We cannot agree. [33] In Richardson v. State, 717 N.E.2d 32 (Ind. 1999), the Indiana Supreme Court concluded that “two or more offenses are the same offense in violation of article 1, section 14 if, with respect to either the statutory elements of the challenged crimes or the actual evidence used to obtain convictions, the essential elements of one challenged offense also establish the essential elements of another challenged offense.” Garrett v. State, 992 N.E.2d 710, 719 (Ind. 2013).

2020Our supreme court has explained that two or more offenses are the same offense in violation of Indiana’s double jeopardy clause “if, with respect to either the statutory elements of the challenged crimes or the actual evidence used to convict, the essential elements of one challenged offense also establish the essential elements of another challenged offense.” Richardson v. State, 717 N.E.2d 32, 49 (Ind. 1999). [14] Hatcher does not contend that his offenses are the same offense under Richardson’s statutory elements test.

2468
Juan M. Garrett v. State of Indianagreen
ind · 2013 · cited in 13 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2014–2020
2 sentences

2020We cannot agree. [33] In Richardson v. State, 717 N.E.2d 32 (Ind. 1999), the Indiana Supreme Court concluded that “two or more offenses are the same offense in violation of article 1, section 14 if, with respect to either the statutory elements of the challenged crimes or the actual evidence used to obtain convictions, the essential elements of one challenged offense also establish the essential elements of another challenged offense.” Garrett v. State, 992 N.E.2d 710, 719 (Ind. 2013).

2017Appellee’s Br. p. 7. [6] The Double Jeopardy Clause of the Indiana Constitution provides that “[n]o person shall be put in jeopardy twice for the same offense.” Ind. Const. art. 1, § 14. “[T]wo or more offenses are the same offense in violation of article 1, section 14 if, with respect to . . . the actual evidence used to obtain convictions, the essential elements of one challenged offense also establish the essential elements of another challenged offense.” Garrett v. State, 992 N.E.2d 710, 719 (Ind. Ct. App. 2013) (citing Richardson v. State, 717 N.E.2d 32 (Ind. 1999)).

1313
Guyton v. Stategreen
ind · 2002 · cited in 5 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2012–2014
2 sentences

2014Our Supreme Court established the following test for deciding double jeopardy claims: [T]wo or more offenses are the same offense in violation of Article I, Section 14 of the Indiana Constitution, if, with respect to either the statutory elements of the challenged crimes or the actual evidence used to convict, the essential elements of one challenged offense also establish the essential elements of another challenged offense. 2 One count of domestic battery and one count of battery were enhanced from a Class A misdemeanor to a Class D felony because of prior convictions for battery. 3 Richards

2012See Richardson v. State, 717 N.E.2d 32, 53 (Ind. 1999) (holding that for two challenged offenses to constitute the same offense in a claim of double jeopardy, the defendant must demonstrate a reasonable possibility that the evidentiary facts used by the fact-finder to establish the essential elements of one offense may also have been used to establish the essential elements of a second challenged offense). 5 In addition to the instances covered by Richardson, our courts have “long adhered to a series of rules of statutory construction and common law that are often described as double jeopardy,

55
Spivey v. Stategreen
ind · 2002 · cited in 4 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2004–2016
2 sentences

2016Spivey v. State, 761 N.E.2d 831, 832 (Ind. 2002). [6] Here, Carle’s only double jeopardy claim is that the child molesting and neglect counts are all based on the same actual evidence.5 In considering this argument, an appellate court will find a double jeopardy violation only where there is a reasonable possibility that the evidentiary facts used by the factfinder to establish the essential elements of one of the offenses may also have been used to establish all the essential elements of the other challenged offense or offenses.

2016Spivey v. State, 761 N.E.2d 831, 832 (Ind. 2002).

44
Ronald Rexroat v. State of Indianagreen
indctapp · 2012 · cited in 3 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2015–2017
2 sentences

2017Rexroat v. State, 966 N.E.2d 165, 168 (Ind. Ct. App. 2012), trans. denied. [7] Article 1, Section 14 of the Indiana Constitution prohibits double jeopardy, providing that “[n]o person shall be put in jeopardy twice for the same offense.” As our supreme court has explained: In Richardson v. State, 717 N.E.2d 32 (Ind. 1999)[,] this Court concluded that two or more offenses are the same offense in violation of article 1, section 14 if, with respect to either the statutory elements of the challenged crimes or the actual evidence used to obtain convictions, the essential elements of one challenged

2015Rexroat v. State, 966 N.E.2d 165, 168 (Ind.Ct.App.2012), trans. denied. [15] Article 1, Section 14 of the Indiana Constitution prohibits double jeopardy, providing that “[n]o person shall be put in jeopardy twice for the same offense.” As our supreme court has explained: In Richardson v. State, 717 N.E.2d 32 (Ind.1999)[,] this Court concluded that two or more offenses are the same offense in violation of article 1, section 14 if, with respect to either the statutory elements of the challenged crimes or the actual evidence used to obtain convictions, the essential elements of one challenged off

33
Bunch v. Stategreen
indctapp · 2010 · cited in 3 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2014–2015
2 sentences

2015See Bunch, 937 N.E.2d at 845 (citing Richardson, 717 N.E.2d at 49 ).

2015Bunch v. State, 937 N.E.2d 839, 845 (Ind.Ct.App.2010). *22 [46] Under the “statutory elements” test, two or more offenses are the same offense in violation of Article I, Section 14 of the Indiana Constitution if the essential statutory elements of one of the challenged offenses also establishes the essential statutory elements of another challenged offense.

33
Cardwell v. Stategreen
ind · 2008 · cited in 3 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
2 sentences

2020The nature of the offense analysis compares the defendant’s actions with the required showing to sustain a conviction under the charged offense, Cardwell v. State, 895 N.E.2d 1219, 1224 (Ind. 2008), while the character of the offender analysis permits broader consideration of a Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A-CR-314 | August 19, 2020 Page 5 of 11 defendant’s character.

2020The nature of the offense analysis compares the defendant’s actions with the required showing to sustain a conviction under the charged offense, Cardwell v. State, 895 N.E.2d 1219, 1224 (Ind. 2008), while the character of the offender analysis permits broader consideration of a defendant’s character.

23
Douglas v. Stategreen
indctapp · 2007 · cited in 2 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
2 sentences

2020Douglas v. State, 878 N.E.2d 873, 881 (Ind. Ct. App. 2007). [9] Ultimately, our determination of appropriateness “turns on our sense of the culpability of the defendant, the severity of the crime, the damage done to others, and myriad other factors that come to light in a given case.” Cardwell, 895 N.E.2d at 1224 .

2020Douglas v. State, 878 N.E.2d 873, 881 (Ind. Ct. App. 2007). [7] Ultimately, our determination of appropriateness “turns on our sense of the culpability of the defendant, the severity of the crime, the damage done to others, and myriad other factors that come to light in a given case.” Cardwell, 895 N.E.2d at 1224 .

22
Boesch v. Stategreen
ind · 2002 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
1 sentence

2020All that is required, as noted above, is that a serious evidentiary dispute regarding the presence of sudden heat is before the jury. [17] The post-conviction court ultimately found that the objection to the voluntary manslaughter instruction lodged by Edmond’s counsel was unlikely to have been sustained because the specific wording of sudden heat as an “element” of the offense was standard at the time.2 Furthermore, the post-conviction court found that Edmond was not prejudiced because, even though the voluntary manslaughter instruction contained errors, it held the State to a higher-than- 2

11
Grabarczyk v. Stategreen
indctapp · 2002 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
1 sentence

2019Grabarczyk v. State, 772 N.E.2d 428, 432 (Ind. Ct. App. 2002). [16] Article 1, section 14 of the Indiana Constitution provides that “[n]o person shall be put in jeopardy twice for the same offense.” In Richardson, our supreme court concluded that two or more offenses are the same offense in violation of Article 1, section 14 if, with respect to either the statutory elements of the challenged crimes or the actual evidence used to obtain convictions, the essential elements of one challenged offense also establish the essential elements of another challenged offense. 717 N.E.2d at 49 .

11
Johnson v. Stategreen
ind · 2001 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
1 sentence

2015Johnson v. State, 749 N.E.2d 1103, 1107-08 (Ind. 2001). [T]wo or more offenses are the same offense in violation of article 1, section 14 if, with respect to either the statutory elements of the challenged crimes or the actual evidence used to obtain convictions, the essential elements of one challenged offense also establish the essential elements of another challenged offense.

11
William T. Calvert v. State of Indianagreen
indctapp · 2014 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
1 sentence

2015Calvert v. State, 14 N.E.3d 818, 822 (Ind. Ct. App. 2014). “[T]wo or more offenses are the same offense in violation of Article I, Section 14 11 of the Indiana Constitution, if, with respect to either the statutory elements of the challenged crimes or the actual evidence used to convict, the essential elements of one challenged offense also establish the essential elements of another challenged offense.” Richardson v. State, 717 N.E.2d 32, 49 (Ind. 1999) (quotation marks omitted) (emphasis in original). “[I]n order to find a double-jeopardy violation pursuant to the Richardson actual evidence

11
Jeremy Ellis v. State of Indianagreen
indctapp · 2015 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
1 sentence

2015Ellis v. State, 29 N.E.3d 792, 797 (Ind.Ct.App.2015), trans. denied. [8] Article 1, Section 14. of the Indiana Constitution prohibits double jeopardy, providing that “[n]o person shall be put in jeopardy twice for the same offense.” As the Indiana Supreme Court has explained: In Richardson v. State, 717 N.E.2d 32 (Ind.1999)[,] this Court concluded that two or more offenses- are the same offense in violation of article 1, section 14 if, with respect to either the statutory elements of the challenged crimes or the actual evidence used to obtain convictions, the essential elements of one challeng

11
Dennis Vermillion v. State of Indianagreen
indctapp · 2012 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
1 sentence

2014Vermillion v. State, 978 N.E.2d 459, 464 (Ind. Ct. App. 2012).

11
Lacy v. Stategreen
ind · 1982 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005See id.

2005See id. *1117 I do not think that quote from Lacy is dictum that was unnecessary to the resolution of the case.

11
Hatchett v. Stategreen
indctapp · 2000 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
1 sentence

2001Teer, 738 N.E.2d at 290 ; Hatchett v. State, 740 N.E.2d 920, 924 (Ind.Ct.App.2000), trans. denied.

11
Bluck v. Stategreen
indctapp · 1999 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
1 sentence

2001Issue Three: Sentence Finally, sentencing determinations rest within the trial court’s discretion *979 and are governed by Indiana Code Section 35-38-1-7.1. 4 Bluck v. State, 716 N.E.2d 507, 511 (Ind.Ct.App.1999).

11
Redman v. Stategreen
indctapp · 1997 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2000–2000
1 sentence

2000See Redman v. State, 679 N.E.2d 927, 932 (Ind.Ct.App.1997) (concluding that vacating the lesser offense which would have “merged” into the greater offense would have been the more appropriate resolution).

11
Stone v. Superior Courtgreen
cal · 1982 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 1999–1999
11
People v. Webbgreen
cal · 1967 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 1999–1999
11
Games v. Stategreen
ind · 1997 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Indiana. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (26)

CaseCitedYears
Teer v. State green
indctapp · 2000
2 sentences

2001Teer, 738 N.E.2d at 290 ; Hatchett v. State, 740 NE.2d 920, 924 (Ind.Ct.App.2000), trans. demied.

2001Teer, 738 N.E.2d at 290 ; Hatchett v. State, 740 N.E.2d 920, 924 (Ind.Ct.App.2000), trans. denied.

22000–2001
Jarrell v. State green
indctapp · 2004
1 sentence

2018Multiple punishments are for the same offense in violation of double jeopardy, “if, with respect to . . . the actual evidence used to convict, the essential elements of one challenged offense also establish the essential elements of another challenged offense.” Id. [22] In Count IV, the State charged Kraemer with neglect of a dependent based on the fact that she knowingly placed C.H. in a situation that endangered his life or health as evidenced by the fact that she tested positive for methamphetamine and THC.

12018–2018
McQueen v. State green
indctapp · 2007
2 sentences

2017Double Jeopardy [15] Tanksley argues that he was “subjected to multiple punishments for the same offense in violation of the prohibition against double jeopardy.” Appellant’s Br. at p. 15. “[A] violation of a condition of community corrections does not constitute an offense within the purview of double jeopardy analysis.” McQueen, 862 N.E.2d at 1244 .

2017“Double jeopardy protection applies only to criminal proceedings, and revocation of community corrections placement proceedings are not criminal proceedings because violations must be proven only by a preponderance of the evidence.” Id.

12017–2017
Constance Anderson v. State of Indiana green
indctapp · 2013
1 sentence

2014Anderson, 989 N.E.2d at 827 .

12014–2014
Gabbard v. State neutral
indctapp · 2009
1 sentence

2013Under the actual evidence test, a defendant must demonsterate a reasonable possibility that the evidentiary facts used by the fact-finder to establish the essential elements of one offense may also have been used to establish all of the essential elements 3 In our unpublished memorandum opinion, D.T. v. State, 904 N.E.2d 728 , at 4 n.2 (Ind. Ct. App. 2009), we noted, In construing a statute, our primary goal is to determine and give effect to the intent of the legislature, but we presume the legislature intended the language used in the statute “to be applied logically and not to bring about a

12013–2013
Green v. State green
ind · 2006
2 sentences

2008Id.

2008Id.

12008–2008
Cox v. State green
ind · 1999
1 sentence

2007Specifically, he argues that he had “already been punished for a May 2005 positive drug screen, and for failing to attend GED Classes as well as sanctioned for a positive drug screen on November 20, 2005.” 5 Id.

12007–2007
Blakely v. Washington green
scotus · 2004
2 sentences

2006Whether Whaley's sentences violate Blakely v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296 , 124 S.Ct. 2531 , 159 L.Ed.2d 403 (2004), reh'g denied.

2006Whether Whaley's sentences violate Blakely v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296 , 124 S.Ct. 2531 , 159 L.Ed.2d 403 (2004), reh'g denied.

12006–2006
Light v. State green
ind · 1989
2 sentences

2005However, the Court held that they were admissible, stating, "Mindful that revolting crimes generate revolting evidence, we conclude that admission of just three photographs depicting the reality of the offense was not error." Id. at 1081 .

2005However, the Court held that they were admissible, stating, “Mindful that revolting crimes generate revolting evidence, we conclude that admission of just three photographs depicting the reality of the offense was not error.” Id. at 1081 .

12005–2005
Conrad v. State green
indctapp · 2001
1 sentence

2002We have already held that "the classification of the serious violent felon statute as a Class B felony does not constitute eruel and unusual punishment or punishment disproportionate to the severity of the offense in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution and Article I, Section 16 of the Indiana Constitution." Conrad, 747 N.E.2d at 584 .

12002–2002
Ray v. Beacon Hudson Mountain Corp. green
ny · 1996
1 sentence

2002Id.

12002–2002
Staael v. State green
alaskactapp · 1985
2 sentences

1999That is to say, the first jury found the [defendant] was not an armed robber, but was unable to agree as to whether he was an unarmed robber."); Staael v. State, 697 P.2d 1050 , 1055 n. 2 (Alaska App.Ct. 1985) ("When a defendant is charged with two offenses in a single proceeding, one of which is a lesser-included offense of the other, and the jury acquits on the greater offense but cannot reach a verdict on the lesser offense, double jeopardy does not bar retrial of the lesser offense except as required by rules of collateral estoppel."), aff'd, 718 P.2d 948 (Alaska 1986); Stone v. Superior C

1999That is to say, the first jury found the [defendant] was not an armed robber, but was unable to agree as to whether he was an unarmed robber.”); Staael v. State, 697 P.2d 1050 , 1055 n. 2 (Alaska App.Ct. 1985) ("When a defendant is charged with two offenses in a single proceeding, one of which is a lesser-included offense of the other, and the jury acquits on the greater offense but cannot reach a verdict on the lesser offense, double jeopardy does not bar retrial of the lesser offense except as required by rules of collateral estoppel.”), aff'd, 718 P.2d 948 (Alaska 1986); Stone v. Superior C

11999–1999
Matter of JJJ green
alaska · 1986
11999–1999
Green v. United States green
scotus · 1957
11999–1999
Benton v. Maryland green
scotus · 1969
11999–1999
State v. Russell green
wash · 1984
11999–1999
State v. Crago green
ohioctapp · 1994
11999–1999
Bailey v. Indiana Department of State Revenue green
indtc · 1994
11995–1995
Collins v. State green
indctapp · 1995
11995–1995
Lynch v. State green
ind · 1991
11994–1994
Berkley v. State green
ind · 1986
11988–1988
Barker v. State green
ind · 1982
11986–1986
Jackson v. State neutral
ind · 1977
11986–1986
Stanley v. State green
ind · 1969
11980–1980
Foran v. State green
ind · 1924
11932–1932
De Latour v. State neutral
ind · 1929
11931–1931

Statutes the citing opinions construe

IN § Ind. Code § 35-42-5-1 (14) IN § Ind. Code § 35-42-2-1 (13) IN § Ind. Code § 35-42-1-1 (11) IN § Ind. Code § 35-42-3-3 (11) IN § Ind. Code § 35-43-4-2 (11) IN § Ind. Code § 35-50-2-5 (9) IN § Ind. Code § 35-50-2-7 (9) IN § Ind. Code § 35-41-5-1 (8) IN § Ind. Code § 35-43-2-1 (8) IN § Ind. Code § 35-48-4-6 (7) IN § Ind. Code § 35-50-2-8 (7) IN § Ind. Code § 35-41-5-2 (6)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

TX 265 (1896–2026) CA 126 (1894–2025) IL 121 (1947–2025) OH 120 (1966–2026) IN 106 (1931–2020) MO 88 (1902–2024) FL 56 (1931–2025) KS 53 (1909–2026) WA 49 (1971–2026) TN 47 (1916–2026) VA 42 (1922–2025) MI 35 (1971–2026) OR 31 (1964–2026) PA 30 (1924–2025) NY 29 (1952–2024) GA 26 (1901–2025) NC 25 (1973–2024) NJ 23 (1949–2024) AZ 22 (1923–2025) AL 21 (1915–2025) LA 20 (1951–2023) CO 18 (1982–2026) NM 18 (1975–2025) MN 17 (1945–2016) CT 16 (1957–2020) MA 16 (1977–2023) HI 15 (1952–2013) DC 14 (1979–2024) AR 14 (1877–2021) ID 13 (1952–2026) MD 12 (1977–2022) WI 11 (1908–2025) ND 9 (1912–2023) WV 9 (1961–2023) VT 8 (1994–2018) NE 8 (1977–2025) OK 8 (1911–2019) IA 8 (1871–2018) MT 8 (1951–2025) KY 7 (1917–2016) WY 7 (1977–2000) NH 6 (1971–2017) AK 6 (1982–1996) MS 5 (2001–2025) UT 5 (1993–2015) NV 4 (1994–2011) RI 4 (1970–2017) VI 3 (2012–2014) SD 3 (1987–2018) ME 2 (1998–2000)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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